摘要：
Effects of dietary protein level on intramuscular fat content and its fatty acid composition in lean and obese genotype finishing pigs were studied. Twenty four Crossbred (DurocxLandracexLarge White) barrows (49.1 +/- 4.9kg of BW) and eighteen Ningxiang barrows (61.6 +/- 4.1kg of BW) were equally randomly assigned to two groups and fed diets I (13.89% CP) and II (15.33% CP), respectively. The pigs were slaughtered after 46 days. Longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and semitendinosus muscle (ST) samples were taken and the intramuscular fat (IMF) content as well as its fatty acid composition were determined. There was no significant difference in IMF content both in LD and ST between breed, within breed or between muscles, when Diet I was fed. The percentage of oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) in LD of Crossbred was significantly lower (p<0.01) and higher (p<0.01) than that of Ningxiang, respectively, when Diet I was fed. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in fatty acid composition in ST between breeds when Diet! was fed. When Diet II was fed, the IMF amount of LD in Crossbred was significantly lower (p<0.01) than that in Ningxiang and significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of its own ST. Ratio of stearic acid (C18:0), C18:1 and C18:2 in LD of Crossbred was significantly higher (p<0.01), lower (p<0.01) and higher (p<0.01) than that of Ningxiang pig, respectively. Ratio of palmitic acid (C16:0), C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2 in ST of Crossbred was significantly lower (p<0.01), higher (p<0.01), lower (p<0.01) and higher (p<0.01) than that of Ningxiang pig. Ratio of C18:1 in LD of Crossbred was significantly lower (p<0.01) than that of its own ST while ratio of C18:0 and C18:1 in LD of Ningxiang pig was significantly higher (p<0.05) and lower (p<0.05) than that of its own ST, respectively. These results indicate that breed, protein level of diet and muscle types have effects on IMF content and its fatty acid composition and different muscle types of different breeds responded differently in IMF content and fatty acid composition to the small change in dietary protein level.
摘要：
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of a true digestible Ca:P ratio on growth and serum characteristics (Experiment 1 ) as well as the utilization of Ca, P, N and microelements (Cu, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn) (Experiment 2) on 20-50 kg growing pigs (Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace). Total dietary contained 0.26% true digestible P, and the dietary true digestible Ca:P ratios were 0.89, 1.37, 1.82, 2.29 and 2.75, respectively. The basal diet was formulated containing corn, rough, soybean and rapeseed with monocalcium phosphate and limestone used to supply appropriate dietary levels of Ca and R In Experiment 1, compared with the other groups, the group with the true digestible Ca:P ratio 1.82 had the best average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain:feed (G:F), and was significant than the high Ca:P ratios (2.29 and 2.75) groups. With the Ca:P ratio increased, the serum P levels declined significantly (P<0.05). Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was not influenced by dietary Ca:P ratio (P>0.05). In Experiment 2, when the Ca:P ratio increased from 0.89 to 1.82, the apparent digestibility of Ca, P, N, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn was no difference (P>0.05), but when the Ca:P ratio increased to 2.29, the apparent digestibility of Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn declined significantly (P<0.05). The results suggested that when the true digestible Ca:P ratio was 1.82, the growth performance and the utilization of Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn were optimal in 20-50 kg growing pigs fed corn-rough-soybean meal-based diets.
关键词：
Components;Oxygen radicals;Peptides of swine blood;Scavenging capacities
摘要：
In China, about five hundred million swine are slaughtered yearly, which represents about 45% of the world´s production. Swine blood is generally discarded except for the small amount that is used in soybean curd and other food products. This not only wastes resources, but also contaminates the environment. In this study, we found that peptides from swine blood had molecular masses of less than 2,100 Da and most were about 1,000 Da. Furthermore, the contents of Glu, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Phe and Lys were higher than those in dried swine blood. Peptides from swine blood most strongly scavenged ·OH among different oxygen species. This is the first reported study on the oxygen radical-scavenging capacities of peptides from swine blood, and the results suggest that swine blood may be promising for use in food or feed.Key words: Peptides of swine blood, components, scavenging capacities, oxygen radicals.
摘要：
In Schweiger (2003) [1], Fritz Schweiger introduced the algorithm of the generalized continued fraction (GCF), and in Zhong (2008) [2]. 1 Zhong studied some basic metric properties of the GCF. In this paper, under the restriction of -1 < epsilon(k) <= 1, the "0-1" law and the central limit theorem Of quotients in the GCF expansions are studied. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Journal of Computational Biophysics and Chemistry,2010年9(3):561-571 ISSN：2737-4165
通讯作者：
Liang, Yizeng
作者机构：
[Liang, Yizeng; Tang, Zhonghai; Ouyang, Yongzhong] Cent S Univ, Res Ctr Modernizat Chinese Med, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Zhonghai] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Yizeng] C;Cent S Univ, Res Ctr Modernizat Chinese Med, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Decomposition pathways;polynitrotriprismanes (PNNPs);density functional theory;B3LYP/6-31 + G (d, p) level;bond dissociation energy (BDE);activation energy
摘要：
Density functional theory (DFT) has been carried out to predict some possible decomposition pathways of polynitrotriprismanes C6H6-n (NO2)n (n = 2, 4, 6) at B3LYP/6-31 + G (d, p) level. The calculated results (BDE298) suggest that the most preferred dissociation reaction for these compounds involves an initial rupture of C–C bond in the triprismane cage skeleton, followed by an opening of the second C–C bond of the intermediate to form nitro Dewar benzene, which has a similar reaction pathway as that of octanitrocubane. In addition, the predicted reaction energy shows that the whole decomposition reaction is exothermic, and the rupture of the second C–C bond is mainly the energy origin of these compounds. The predicted dissociation route for three selected PNNPs will be very helpful not only for synthesis of PNNPs, but also for characterization of other nitro-substituted high energy density materials (HEDMs).
作者机构：
[Gong, Wenjie; Fan, Jinhong; Tu, Changchun; Shao, Mingfu; Jiang, Yu] Acad Mil Med Sci, Inst Vet Sci, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Wenjie] Jilin Univ, Inst Zoonoses, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Yanwei; Za, Yunfeng] Guangdong Ctr Anim Dis Control, Guangzhou 510230, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Xiong, Zhonglian; Zeng, Zheng] Chongqing Anim Dis Prevent & Control Ctr, Chongqing 401147, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Xinglong] Hunan Agr Univ, Vet Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tu, Changchun] A;Acad Mil Med Sci, Inst Vet Sci, 1068 Qinglong Rd, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China.
关键词：
China;Evolutionary dynamics;Rabies virus
摘要：
Phylogenetic studies have revealed a profound understanding about the biodiversity of rabies viruses in China, but little is known about their evolutionary dynamics in the country. In the present study, the complete G gene sequences of 33 rabies virus isolates (RABVs) isolated from distinct Chinese provinces were determined and phylogenetic analysis was conducted using these G sequences and 93 others retrieved from GenBank representing China and Southeast Asia. Further evolutionary history of RABV was estimated using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method to understand the temporal and spatial dynamics of this virus. Results showed that rabies viruses in China and Southeast Asia share a common ancestor and form 2 clades with each being further divided into 3 lineages. The time of the most recent common ancestor of current RABV strains was estimated to be year 1654 (1514-1812) and the viruses circulating in Southeast Asia likely derived from China. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
The genus Dinica Gozmany, 1965 is recorded from Sabah, Malaysia. Dinica robinsoni sp. nov. is described and illustrated, as the first record of this genus from Malaysia. The new species is very similar in appearance to Dinica ruiliensis Li et Xiao, 2007, from China and Thailand, but it can be distinguished easily from the latter by the caudo-lateral lobe of the tegumen being knife-shaped, the ship-shaped subscaphium, and the broad, short, pot-shaped saccus.
关键词：
Calcium;phosphorus;growing pigs;sodium-dependent Pi absorption;gene expression
摘要：
this experiment, 25 barrows pigs (20.9 +/- 0.95 kg) were fed with diet containing 5 different levels of Ca (0.29, 0.44, 0.60, 0.75 and 0.91%) through different supplementations of limestone powder. Each trial lasted for 35 days long and the pigs were slaughtered on the last day. Jejunum and kidney samples were collected. The amounts of transcription of NaPi-IIc and NaPi-IIa in the samples were measured using fluorescent quantitative PCR assay. According to the NRC, the requirement of Ca for the pigs (20-50 kg) is about 0.6%, so the group of pigs fed with 0.60% Ca level was selected as the calibrator. Compared with Ca level of 0.60%, pigs fed diets with Ca level of 0.44%, 0.75% and 0.91% enhanced mRNA transcription of NaPi-IIc in jejunum (1.49, 13.60 and 7.65) and NaPi-IIa in kidney (2.15, 6.53 and 8.48). Pigs fed with Ca level of 0.29% decreased production of mRNA transcription of NaPi-IIa.
期刊：
Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2010年121(2):295-309 ISSN：0040-5752
通讯作者：
Wang, Guo-Liang
作者机构：
[Wu, Jun; Wang, Guo-Liang; Wang, Xuejun; Liu, Xionglun; Dai, Liangying] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Crop Germplasm Innovat & Utili, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Guo-Liang; Jantasuriyarat, Chatchawan] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;[Zhou, Bo] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Jun; Zhou, Bo; Li, Xunbo; Han, Bin] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Ctr Gene Res, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China.;[Wing, Rod A.; Kudrna, Dave; Yu, Yeisoo] Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Inst, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Guo-Liang] O;Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
关键词：
Gene Family Member;Protein Kinase Gene;Wild Rice Species;Nbs3;Unequal Recombination
摘要：
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is a devastating disease of rice worldwide. Among the 85 mapped resistance (R) genes against blast, 13 have been cloned and characterized. However, how these genes originated and how they evolved in the Oryza genus remains unclear. We previously cloned the rice blast R-genes Pi2, Pi9, and Piz-t, and analyzed their genomic structure and evolution in cultivated rice. In this study, we determined the genomic sequences of the Pi2/9 locus in four wild Oryza species representing three genomes (AA, BB and CC). The number of Pi2/9 family members in the four wild species ranges from two copies to 12 copies. Although these genes are conserved in structure and categorized into the same subfamily, sequence duplications and subsequent inversions or uneven crossing overs were observed, suggesting that the locus in different wild species has undergone dynamic changes. Positive selection was found in the leucine-rich repeat region of most members, especially in the largest clade where Pi9 is included. We also provide evidence that the Pi9 gene is more related to its homologues in the recurrent line and other rice cultivars than to those in its alleged donor species O. minuta, indicating a possible origin of the Pi9 gene from O. sativa. Comparative sequence analysis between the four wild Oryza species and the previously established reference sequences in cultivated rice species at the Pi2/9 locus has provided extensive and unique information on the genomic structure and evolution of a complex R-gene cluster in the Oryza genus.
作者机构：
[Xu, Xiaona; Liang, Yizeng] Cent S Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Res Ctr Modernizat Chinese Tradit & Herbal Drug M, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Xiaona] Univ S China, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Hengyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Zhonghai] Hunan Agr Univ, Biosci & Biotechnol Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liang, Yizeng] C;Cent S Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Res Ctr Modernizat Chinese Tradit & Herbal Drug M, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Host plant specificity depends on recognition of the host and the ability to discriminate it from nonhost plants. Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), an important insect pest of rice, is considered to be polyphagous, although few papers have ever reported infestation of C. suppressalis on most of the recorded hosts. The present investigation was designed to test whether two important gramineous crops, wheat and corn, are host plants of C. suppressalis based on the host-plant finding process in cage and Y-tube olfactometer tests, oviposition and egg hatching, and larval feeding and survival. In the cage tests, gravid C. suppressalis females did not differentiate rice plants from wheat or corn plants when only visual cues were involved, but were more attracted to rice plants when only olfactory cues or both vision and olfaction were present. The Y-tube olfactometer tests further confirmed that the females did not prefer wheat or corn plants, and revealed that they responded equally to clean air and odors from wheat or corn plants. Under no-choice and choice condition alike, the females laid eggs on a lower proportion of wheat and corn plants and egg number and hatching rate were significantly reduced on wheat and/or corn plants than on rice plants. Larval feeding was not observed in wheat and lower in corn than in rice plants, and no pupae or surviving larvae were collected from wheat and corn plants. The results suggest that wheat and corn are not host plants of C. suppressalis. These findings are discussed in context of host-finding process in C. suppressalis and management of resistance to transgenic Bt rice.
