摘要：
To reduce the consumption of oxidant and catalyst in Fenton-like reaction and to realize the reuse of catalyst, yeast supported iron nanoparticles (nZVI@SC(M)) was synthesized by tobacco leaf extract and applied in the heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of aqueous methylene blue (MB) at ambient conditions. The performance of the composite was exploited in terms of catalytic activity and factors influencing MB degradation. The surface changes of nZVI@SC(M) before and after reaction were characterized by XPS, SEM, FT-IR and XRD. Iron leaching, primary reactive oxidizing species, and the storage stability and reusability of catalyst were also investigated. Typically, 99.7% removal of 50mg/L MB, with a TOC removal of 97.2%, could be achieved within 10h by 0.1g/L nZVI@SC(M) coupled with 1.0mMH(2)O(2). The MB degradation is in good agreement with the pseudo-first-order model, and hydroxyl radicals in the bulk solution is the main reactive oxidizing species responsible for MB degradation. Based on the identified intermediates by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, the possible MB degradation mechanism in the nZVI@SC(M)/H(2)O(2) system is discussed. The developed high-performance nZVI@SC(M) catalyst strategy can provide a new route in enhancing the Fenton-like degradation of organic contaminants with less consumption of catalyst and oxidant.
摘要：
Mulberry is an economically important crop for sericulture in China. Mulberry plantations are shifting inland, where they face high salinity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) reportedly enhance mulberry's tolerance to salinity. Here, we assessed if additional adaptive advantages against salinity are provided by sex differences beyond those provided by mycorrhizal symbiosis. In a pot experiment, male and monoecious plants were exposed to three salinity regimes (0, 50, and 200mM NaCl) and two mycorrhiza-suppressed conditions (with or without benomyl application) for more than 16 months. We noticed that salinity alone significantly decreased the mycorrhizal colonization rate, salinity tolerance, K(+) concentrations, and the ionic ratios of all plants. Mycorrhizal association mildly ameliorated the salt-induced detrimental effects, especially for monoecious plants, and sex-specific responses were observed. Meanwhile, both sexes had adopted different strategies to enhance their salinity resistance. Briefly, mycorrhizal monoecious plants exhibited a higher net photosynthetic rate and lower translocation of Na(+) from root to shoot compared with mycorrhizal males under saline conditions. Their salt tolerance was probably due to the Ca(2+)/Na(+) in roots. In comparison, male plants exhibited lower Na(+) acquisition, more Na(+) translocated from root to shoot, higher root biomass allocation, and higher N concentrations under harsh saline conditions, and their salt tolerance was mainly related to the K(+)/Na(+) in their shoots. In conclusion, our results highlight that AMF could be a promising candidate for improving plant performance under highest salinity, especially for monoecious plants. Cultivators must be mindful of applying fungicides, such as benomyl, in saline areas.
摘要：
With the extensive development of industrial livestock and poultry production, a considerable part of agricultural wastewater containing tremendous ammonium and antibiotics have been indiscriminately released into the aquatic systems, causing serious harms to ecosystem and human health. In this review, ammonium detection technologies, including spectroscopy and fluorescence methods, and sensors were systematically summarized. Antibiotics analysis methodologies were critically reviewed, including chromatographic methods coupled with mass spectrometry, electrochemical sensors, fluorescence sensors, and biosensors. Current progress in remediation methods for ammonium removal were discussed and analyzed, including chemical precipitation, breakpoint chlorination, air stripping, reverse osmosis, adsorption, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and biological methods. Antibiotics removal approaches were comprehensively reviewed, including physical, AOPs, and biological processes. Furthermore, the simultaneous removal strategies for ammonium and antibiotics were reviewed and discussed, including physical adsorption processes, AOPs, biological processes. Finally, research gaps and the future perspectives were discussed. Through conducting comprehensive review, future research priorities include: (1) to improve the stabilities and adaptabilities of detection and analysis techniques for ammonium and antibiotics, (2) to develop innovative, efficient, and low cost approaches for simultaneous removal of ammonium and antibiotics, and (3) to explore the underlying mechanisms that governs the simultaneous removal of ammonium and antibiotics. This review could facilitate the evolution of innovative and efficient technologies for ammonium and antibiotics treatment in agricultural wastewater.
期刊：
Journal of Environmental Management,2023年345:118451 ISSN：0301-4797
通讯作者：
Zou, Yeai;Xie, YH;Zou, Y
作者机构：
[Deng, Zhengmiao; Xie, Yonghong; Zou, Yeai; Li, Feng; Zhang, Pingyang] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Zhengmiao; Xie, Yonghong; Zhang, Siqi; Zou, Yeai; Li, Feng; Zhang, Pingyang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Dongting Lake Stn Wetland Ecosyst Res, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Siqi] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Ting] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hong] Forestry Bur Yueyang, Yueyang 414000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xie, YH ; Zou, Y; Zou, Y ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Dongting Lake Stn Wetland Ecosyst Res, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, 644, Yuanda Second Rd, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Dongting lake;Habitat suitability;Hydrological change;Species distribution model;Wetland management
摘要：
The operation of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) has influenced the wetland ecosystems downstream, thereby affecting the distribution of habitats suitable for waterbirds. However, dynamic studies on habitat distribution under different water regimes are lacking. Here, using data from three successive wintering periods representing three typical water regimes, we modelled and mapped the habitat suitability of three waterbird groups in Dongting Lake, which is the first river-connected lake downstream of the TGP, and a crucial wintering ground for waterbirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. The results showed that the spatial pattern of habitat suitability varied among the wintering periods and waterbird groups. The analysis estimated the largest suitable habitat area for the herbivorous/tuber-eating group (HTG) and the insectivorous waterbird group (ING) under a normal water recession pattern, whereas early water recession had a more adverse effect. The suitable habitat area for the piscivorous/omnivorous group (POG) was higher under late water recession than under normal conditions. The ING was the most affected by hydrological changes among the three waterbird groups. Further, we identified the key conservation and potential restoration habitats. The HTG exhibited the largest key con-servation habitat area compared to the other two groups, while the ING showed a potential restoration habitat area larger than its key conservation habitat area, indicating its sensitivity to environmental changes. The optimal inundation durations from September 1 to January 20 for HTG, ING and POG were 52 & PLUSMN; 7 d, 68 & PLUSMN; 18 d, and 132 & PLUSMN; 22 d, respectively. Therefore, the water recession starting in mid-October may be favourable for waterbirds in Dongting Lake. Altogether, our results can be used as guidance for prioritising certain management actions for waterbird conservation. Moreover, our study highlighted the importance of considering habitat spatiotemporal variation in highly dynamic wetlands when implementing management practices.
摘要：
Abundant evidence has demonstrated the feasibility of reducing phosphorus (P) input to face diminishing phosphate rock resources and deteriorating environmental quality in double-cropping paddy. However, the sustainability of reduced P input in the context of maintaining productivity and P efficient utilization is not yet clear. Herein, an 8-year (2013-2021) field-based database was built to explore the effects of reduced P input on rice productivity and the soil-plant P trade-off in double-cropping paddy. In the early and late rice seasons, compared with conventional P fertilization (early rice, 90 kg hm(-2); late rice, 60 kg hm(-2)), the average yield of reduced 10 % P treatment increased by 4.3 % and 2.1 %, respectively; reduced 10-30 % P treatments increased average P use efficiency by 17.1-18.4 % and 14.0-17.2 %, decreased average total P runoff loss by 14.9-33.2 % and 20.8-36.4 %, and decreased average total P leaching loss by 18.5-49.0 % and 24.0-46.1 %, respectively. Compared with conventional fertilization, reduced P fertilizer input by 10 % significantly increased the content of the soil labile-P fraction while reducing that of the soil stable-P fraction. Soil ligand-P and exchangeable-P content decreased with the gradient reduction of P fertilizer input (10-30 %). The main predictors of the change in rice yield and plant P uptake were soil ligand-P and exchangeable-P content, respectively. The dominant predictor of both the P runoff loss and the P activation coefficient was the inorganic P content extracted by NaHCO(3). These findings suggest that reduced P input by 10 % could maintain rice productivity and P use efficiency in the double-cropping paddy, and the transformations between soil P components and increases in P bioavailability may be the key drivers maintaining rice productivity and P utilization under the context of reduced P loading.
通讯机构：
[Yuping Zhang; Jiangchi Fei] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China
作者机构：
[Yan, Binghua; Jin, Hongyu; Niu, Hongyu] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China;[Jin, Hongyu] Yueyang Agricultural and Rural Development Group Co., Ltd., 414022, Yueyang, China;[Nie, Zimeng] School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;[Tan, Ju] Changsha Environmental Monitoring Center Station, 410001, Changsha, China;[Huang, Shuie] Changsha Xinkaipu Water Purification Factory, 410002, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Haijun Yang] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, 410128, Changsha, China
摘要：
Microbial consortia HY3 and JY3 with high degradation efficiency of 2-Diethylamino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine (DHMP) were isolated from aerobic and parthenogenic ponds of DHMP-containing pharmaceutical wastewater, respectively. Both consortia were enriched and reached stable degradation performance with a DHMP concentration of 1500mgL(-1). The DHMP degradation efficiencies of HY3 and JY3 were 95.66%±0.24% and 92.16%±2.34% under the condition of shaking at 180 r·min(-1) and the temperature of 30°C for 72h. And the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand were 89.14%±4.78% and 80.30%±11.74%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that three bacterial phyla of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were dominant in both HY3 and JY3, but their dominances varied. At the genus level, the richness of Unclassified Comamonadaceae (34.23%), Paracoccus (14.75%), and Brevundimonas (13.94%) ranked top three in HY3 whereas Unclassified Comamonadaceae (40.80%), Unclassified Burkholderiales (13.81%) and Delftia (13.11%) were dominant in JY3. The metabolites of DHMP degradation by HY3 and JY3 were analyzed in detail. Two pathways for cleavage of the nitrogenous heterocyclic ring were speculated, one of which was identified for the first time in this study.
通讯机构：
[Gongwen Luo] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
C mineralization;Compost maturity;Composting;Functional gene;Nutrient transformation
摘要：
Biochar derived from bamboo was used to support sulfide nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI@BC) for simultaneous removal of Cd(II) and As (III) from aqueous media. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of the S-nZVI@BC. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicated that co-adsorption of Cd(II) and As(III) onto S-nZVI@BC was well represented by pseudo-second-order model (R(2)(Cd(II))=0.990, R(2)(As(III))=0.995) and Langmuir model (R(2)(Cd(II))=0.954, R(2)(As(III))=0.936). The maximum adsorption was 162.365 and 276.133mg/g for Cd(II) and As(III), respectively, in a co-adsorption system, which was significantly higher than that in a single adsorption system (103.195 and 223.736mg/g, respectively). Batch experiments showed that the Cd(II)-to-As(III) concentration ratio significantly affected the co-adsorption with the optimal ratio of 1:2. Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) significantly inhibited Cd(II) removal. In contrast, phosphate and humic acid significantly inhibited As(III) removal. Electrochemical analysis indicated S-nZVI@BC had a lower corrosion potential and resistance than nZVI@BC, making it more conducive to electron transfer and chemical reaction. Electrostatic adsorption, complexation, co-precipitation, and redox were the primary mechanisms for Cd(II) and As(III) removal. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the synergistic removal of Cd(II) and As(III) by S-nZVI@BC, which is a very promising adsorbent for the effective removal of Cd(II) and As(III) from contaminated wastewater.
通讯机构：
[Liangxia Duan] C;College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
General linear model;Land use types;Soil aggregates;Soil depth;Soil organic carbon
摘要：
The conversion of natural forests to other land use types generally has a significant influence on soil aggregation and associated soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration, depending on soil depth. However, the dynamics underlying soil aggregate distribution and aggregate-associated SOC concentration after such conversion remain inadequately understood, especially in the red slate soil region of subtropical China, where the stability of soil aggregates is the primary deterrent to soil erosion. This study investigated the effects of land use changes on soil aggregates and aggregate-associated organic carbon content in diverse soil layers in the aforementioned region. Soil samples were collected from seven typical land use types (natural forest, artificial forest, terraced citrus orchard, downhill citrus orchard, kiwifruit orchard, cornfield, and paddy field). Sampling was conducted at a depth of 0 to 100 cm and at 20 cm increments to determine aggregate distribution and aggregate-associated SOC content. Results showed that land use change and soil depth significantly affected aggregate stability and associated SOC concentration. Upon the conversion of natural forests to orchards and croplands, both macroaggregate (>0.25 mm) and SOC concentrations decreased, thereby weakening soil resistance to erosion caused by flowing water. However, the conversion of natural forests to artificial forests did not decrease aggregate stability or aggregate-associated SOC concentration, suggesting that artificial forests are alternative tree species for soil erosion control, aggregate stability enhancement, and SOC fixation. A general linear model indicated that land use changes accounted for 55 % and 56 % of the total variations in SOC concentration in >5 mm and 2.5 mm aggregates, respectively, implying that such changes more significantly affected large-grain aggregates. This study deepens the understanding of SOC accumulation mechanisms and provides valuable information on improving soil quality and physical structure in the red slate soil region of subtropical China.
通讯机构：
[Yaocheng Deng; Ying Huang] N;National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Heavy metals;Meta-analysis;Monte Carlo;PM10;PM2.5;Risk assessment
摘要：
In recent decades, China has devoted significant attention to the heavy metals pollution in particulate matter. However, the majority of studies have only focused on the field monitoring in relatively remote areas, which may not be representative of air quality across the country. This study reevaluated the characteristics, temporal and spatial changes, and health concerns associated with heavy metal pollution in atmospheric particulates on a national scale by coupling Meta-analysis and Monte Carlo simulation analysis. In terms of spatial distribution, the heavy metals pollution levels in the northern coast and northeastern regions are relatively high, whereas it is low along the middle Yellow River, middle Yangtze River, as well as Southwest. With the exception of Cu, the distribution of all elements in PM2.5 steadily decreased over time Moreover, PM10 and PM2.5 performed similar where Cd and Ni both first increased followed by a decline while, Cr displayed a decrease before it showed an increment. And since the implementation of prevention and control policies about the atmospheric release, the focus of industrial emission has gradually shifted from energy production and processing to living products manufacturing. Moreover, the carcinogenic risk was shown to be Cr > As, Pb > Ni, Cd, while the non-carcinogenic risk was as follows: As, Ni > Cr, Cd. Among all contaminants, Cd, As, and Cr in PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded the WHO standard in the cities with worst air quality. It was observed that As posed the largest non-carcinogenic risk to adults while, Cr caused the most carcinogenic risk to adults and children, where the carcinogenic risk of children remains higher than that of adults. Therefore, the findings of this study may offer data support to the China's heavy metal pollution standards in airborne particles and offer theoretical data support for pollution management.
通讯机构：
[Guixiang Yuan] H;[Wei Li] R;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Ecology Department, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Research Institute of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
摘要：
Extreme precipitation events caused by climate change leads to large variation of nitrogen input to aquatic ecosystems. Our previous study demonstrated the significant effect of different ammonium pulse patterns (differing in magnitude and frequency) on submersed macrophyte growth based on six plant morphological traits. However, how connectivity among plant traits responds to nitrogen pulse changes, which in turn affects plant performance, has not yet been fully elucidated. The response of three common submersed macrophytes (Myriophyllum spicatum, Vallisneria natans and Potamogeton maackianus) to three ammonium pulse patterns was tested using plant trait network (PTN) analysis based on 18 measured physiological and morphological traits. We found that ammonium pulses enhanced trait connectivity in PTN, which may enable plants to assimilate ammonium and/or mitigate ammonium toxicity. Large input pulses with low frequency had stronger effects on PTNs compared to low input pulses with high frequency. Due to the cumulative and time-lagged effect of the plant response to the ammonium pulse, there was a profound and prolonged effect on plant performance after the release of the pulse. The highly connected traits in PTN were those related to biomass allocation (e.g., plant biomass, stem ratio, leaf ratio and ramet number) rather than physiological traits, while phenotype-related traits (e.g., plant height, root length and AB ratio) and energy storage-related traits (e.g., stem starch) were least connected. V. natans showed clear functional divergence among traits, making it more flexible to cope with unfavorable habitats (i.e., high input pulses with low frequencies). M. spicatum with high RGR revealed strong correlations among traits and thus supported nitrogen accumulation from favourable environments (i.e., low input pulses with high frequencies). Our study highlights the responses of PTN for submerged macrophytes to ammonium pulses depends on their intrinsic metabolic rates, the magnitude, frequency and duration of the pulses, and our results contribute to the understanding of the impact of resource pulses on the population dynamics of submersed macrophytes within the context of global climate change.
通讯机构：
[Long, YL ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Landscape Architecture & Art Design, Changsha, Peoples R China.
摘要：
This study examined villagers’ intention of pro-environmental behavior while supporting the Landcare Policy in China. The research team conducted field surveys of villagers from four famous scenic spots of Cili, which is near the world natural heritage site of the Zhangjiajie natural landscape core area. This area has developed rural tourism, many local villagers rely on tourism to obtain their livelihood income. However, the area is now affected by the environmental remediation policy called Landcare Policy. Cultivated land near the tourist area needs to be repaired, which affects the tourism income of some local villagers. Therefore, local villagers are facing a contradiction between tourism development and environmental protection. The study chose the change in local villagers’ pro-environmental intention as the research content. Then we adopted an empirically validated norm activation model (NAM) from Schwartz, and merged the NAM with the expectancy theory of Vroom, based on 511 valid responses from the field questionnaire surveys, we aimed to develop a theoretical framework for researchers to understand the change in villagers' pro-environmental behaviors, concerning the balance between rural tourism livelihood benefits and environmental remediation behavior. Structural equation modeling was conducted for each index of the responses, the findings showed that the merged model had 76.46% better predictive accuracy of villagers’ pro-environmental intentions than applying Schwartz’s NAM independently. This study found that the motivational force of this new theory significantly influences environmental personal norms due to the joint impact of valence, instrumentality, and expectancy. Villagers with a positive pro-environmental behavior intention expect good tourism benefits and environmental living conditions under the impact of the Landcare policy in rural tourism destinations near the famous natural heritage site.
摘要：
Tungsten (W) is an emerging contaminant, and current knowledge on W resistance profiles of microorganisms remains scarce and fragmentary. This study aimed to explore the physiological responses of bacteria under W stress and to resolve genes and metabolic pathways involved in W resistance using a transcriptome expression profiling assay. The results showed that the bacterium Citrobacter sp. Lzp2, screened from W-contaminated soil, could tolerate hundreds of mM W(VI) with a 50% inhibiting concentration of ∼110mM. To cope with W stress, Citrobacter sp. Lzp2 secreted large amounts of proteins through the type VI secretory system (T6SS) to chelate W oxoanions via carboxylic groups in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and could transport cytosolic W outside via the multidrug efflux pumps (mdtABC and acrD). Intracellular W is probably bound by chaperone proteins and metal-binding pterin (tungstopterin) through the sulfur relay system. We propose that tetrathionate respiration is a new metabolic pathway for cellular W detoxification likely producing thio-tungstate. We conclude that multiple mechanisms collectively mediate W homeostasis and resistance in Citrobacter sp. Lzp2. Our results have important implications not only for understanding the intricate regulatory network of W homeostasis in microbes but also for bio-recovery and bioremediation of W in contaminated environments.
摘要：
Acid mine drainage is harmful to the environment. Bioremediation based on biological soil crusts (BSCs) can be used as a new method to alleviate metal pollution in acid mine drainage. In this study, we found that BSCs can survive in a strongly acidic environment (pH = 3.28) and have a high metal(loid)s accumulation ability. The algae of genera Fragilaria, Klebsormidium, Cymbella, Melosira, Microcystacea, and Planctonema a're the main components of BSCs. These organisms in the BSCs regulated fatty acids and produced acid-resistant enzymes. The bioconcentration factors for As, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu were as high as 16,000, 200, 50, 26, and 400, respectively. The concentration of As and Cd in acid mine drainage decreased from 7.1μg and 350μg/L to 1.9μg and 110μg/L, respectively. Intotal, 56% of As, 73% of Cd, 88% of Pb, 85% of Zn, and 92% of Cu were present in BSCs as residual or mineral-bound forms. The XRD results (e.g., quarartz and phyllosilicates), SEM results (e.g., phylosilicates and diatom shells) and correlation results show that these metal(loid)s are immobilized by Cymbella (diatoms) during the deposition of silica in the acidic environment. Furthermore, adsorption and co-precipitation are other ways that metal(loid)s could have been bound. These findings provide new insights into the removal of metals (loid) in acidic water.
通讯机构：
[Manyun Zhang] K;Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
关键词：
Carbendazim;Dicyandiamide;Health risk;Microbial community structure;Resistance genes
