关键词：
rice;red light;blue light;antioxidant defense system;carbon and nitrogen metabolism
摘要：
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of light quality on growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and antioxidant defense system of rice seedlings. Six light conditions were employed, including white (W), red (R), blue (B), combined LED of R and B at 3:1 (R3B1), combined LED of R and B at 1:1 (R1B1), as well as combined LED of R and B at 1:3 (R1B3). Combined application of red light and blue light could promote the growth of rice seedling leaves and roots under low light stress to varying degrees, increase the photosynthetic area by increasing the leaf area, improve the root characteristics by increasing the root volume, and increase the dry matter accumulation of rice seedlings. In addition, the combination of red light and blue light could increase carbon and nitrogen metabolites in rice seedling leaves, regulate the expression of genes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism and enzyme activity, and enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity of rice seedlings. These results indicate that red light and blue light directly have synergistic effects which can regulate the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of rice seedlings, promote the morphogenesis of rice seedlings under low light stress, and promote growth, which has never been reported in previous studies. This study is a new discovery in the application of light quality in crop production and provides new avenues to enhance crop stress resistance. However, further study is needed to explore the physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of light quality in crop production.
作者机构：
[Deng, Min; Luo, Hongbing; Guo, Huanle] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Zhihui; Li, Han; Guo, Huanle; Cao, Zhongyang; Tang, Bin; Zeng, Qiang] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Crop Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Min; Luo, Hongbing] Maize Engn Technol Res Ctr Hunan Prov, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Feng] Hubei Univ, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Biocatalysis & Enzyme Engn, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, HB ; Tang, B ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Crop Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Maize Engn Technol Res Ctr Hunan Prov, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
maize;cadmium;proteomics;kernel;mutant
摘要：
The contamination of agricultural soil with cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, poses a significant environmental challenge, affecting crop growth, development, and human health. Previous studies have established the pivotal role of the ZmHMA3 gene, a P-type ATPase heavy metal transporter, in determining variable Cd accumulation in maize grains among 513 inbred lines. To decipher the molecular mechanism underlying mutation-induced phenotypic differences mediated by ZmHMA3, we conducted a quantitative tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis of immature maize kernels. This analysis aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in wild-type B73 and ZmHMA3 null mutant under Cd stress. The findings demonstrated that ZmHMA3 accumulated higher levels of Cd compared to B73 when exposed to varying Cd concentrations in the soil. In comparison to soil with a low Cd concentration, B73 and ZmHMA3 exhibited 75 and 142 DEPs, respectively, with 24 common DEPs shared between them. ZmHMA3 showed a higher induction of upregulated genes related to Cd stress than B73. Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism was specifically enriched in B73, while phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism appeared to play a more significant role in ZmHMA3. This study provides proteomics insights into unraveling the molecular mechanism underlying the differences in Cd accumulation in maize kernels.
期刊：
Crop and Environment,2023年2(3):101-110 ISSN：2773-126X
通讯作者：
Qiyuan Tang
作者机构：
[Weiqin Wang; Huabin Zheng; Yuanwei Chen; Dan Zou; Youyi Luo; Qiyuan Tang] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Qiyuan Tang] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
关键词：
Cultivation technology;Hunan Province;Mechanical harvesting;Ratoon rice;Rice production
摘要：
As the largest rice production province in China, the ratoon rice in Hunan has rapidly developed in recent years in the aspects of planting area, total production, and cultivation technologies. The present review is undertaken to summarize the past and current status and the key practices of ratoon rice production in Hunan. The planting area of ratoon rice in Hunan was 267,000 ha in 2019, with the average yield of 7.50–10.50 t ha−1 and 2.30–6.00 t ha−1 in the main and ratoon seasons, respectively. The grain quality in ratoon season is similar to or even better than that of late-season rice, but the relatively poor grain quality in the main season limits the profits for farmers. In recent years, research on the cultivation technology of ratoon rice has been widely conducted in Hunan, which led to the development of a series of key practices for ratoon rice production with regard to variety selection, sowing dates, crop establishment, fertilizer and water management, straw cutting height and harvesting time, and the controls of pests, diseases, and abiotic stresses. However, the constraints in policy intervention, as well as the large yield gap, have greatly limited the further expansion of ratoon rice in Hunan. To further promote ratoon rice production in Hunan, the innovation and extension of fully mechanized ratoon rice cultivation technologies, breeding and chemical regulation approaches to enhance ratooning ability, and support from the local government regarding policy, infrastructure, demonstration, and training must be strengthened in the future.
作者机构：
[Xudong Zhu; Ju Zhao; Ziliang Zhu; Dan Zhu; Qingming Zhou] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Xieli Tong] Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Hengshan County, Hengyang, China
关键词：
Indica and Japonica Subspecies;Heterosis;Cheng’s Index;Euclidean Distance
摘要：
Exploring the indica-japonica differentiation in parents of hybridization can provide theoretical bases for utilizing inter-subspecific heterosis. In this study, 5 sterile lines and 18 self-bred restorer lines were used as female parents and male parents respectively. T...MORE Exploring the indica-japonica differentiation in parents of hybridization can provide theoretical bases for utilizing inter-subspecific heterosis. In this study, 5 sterile lines and 18 self-bred restorer lines were used as female parents and male parents respectively. Then 90 combinations were constructed by incomplete diallel cross followed by relationship analysis between parental Cheng’s index difference value and Euclidean distance and heterosis. The results showed a significant correlation between several phenotype values, super male parent heterosis and control heterosis and Euclidean distance or Cheng’s index difference value. However, it was no significant correlation for yield. Further analysis found a common interval, 3.41 - 3.46 for Euclidean distance and 3 - 4 for cheng’s index difference value of parents, which was significant or high significant positive correlated with phenotype value, super male parent and control heterosis of main yield traits. This illustrates that the larger the genetic difference of parents was, the stronger the heterosis combinations were, when the genetic differences of parents were in an appropriate range.FEWER
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2023年14:1277682 ISSN：1664-462X
通讯作者：
Yuan, M.M.;Li, J.;Meng, D.
作者机构：
School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China;Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China;[Yuan, Mengting Maggie] Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States;[Li, Juan] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Meng, Delong] School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Meng, D.] S;[Yuan, M.M.] D;[Li, J.] C;College of Agronomy, China;Department of Environmental Science, United States
