作者： Yin, Xiang;Liu, Qiong;Yang, Yahui;Liu, Yang;Wang, Keke;...

期刊： International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2019年44(2):594-604 ISSN：0360-3199

通讯作者： Li, Jie;Li, Wenzhang

作者机构： [Qiu, Xiaoqing; Yin, Xiang; Li, Jie; Liu, Qiong; Wang, Keke; Liu, Yang; Li, Wenzhang] Cent South Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wenzhang] Cent South Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Efficient & Clean Utilizat Man, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yaomin] UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England.;[Liu, Yang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Dongwei] Chongqing Univ Educ, Div Sci Res Management, Chongqing 400065, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, Jie; Li, Wenzhang] C;Cent South Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Efficient & Clean Utilizat Man, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Cu 2 O–BiVO 4;PEC tandem cell;Self-driven water splitting;Solar hydrogen

摘要： An integrated solar water splitting tandem cell without external bias was designed using a FeOOH modified TiO2/BiVO4 photoanode as a photoanode and p-Cu2O as a photo-cathode in this study. An apparent photocurrent (0.37 mA/cm(2) at operating voltage of +0.36 V-RHE) for the tandem cell without applied bias was measured, which is corresponding to a photoconversion efficiency of 0.46%. Besides, the photocurrent of FeOOH modified TiO2/BiVO4 Cu2O is much higher than the operating point given by pure BiVO4 and Cu2O photocathode (-0.07 mA/cm(2) at +0.42 VRHE). Then we established a FeOOH modified TiO2/BiVO4 Cu2O two-electrode system and measured the current density voltage curves under AM 1.5G illumination. The unassisted photocurrent density is 0.12 mA/cm(2) and the corresponding amounts of hydrogen and oxygen evolved by the tandem PEC cell without bias are 2.36 umol/cm(2) and 1.09 urnol/cm(2) after testing for 2.5 h. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of the FeOOH modified TiO2/BiVO4 photoanode were further studied to demonstrate the electrons transport process of solar water splitting. This aspect provides a fundamental challenge to establish an unbiased and stabilized photoelectrochemical (PEC) solar water splitting tandem cell with higher solar to -hydrogen efficiency. (C) 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： Xie, Yong;Tang, Li;Han, Yongliang;Yang, Lan;Xie, Guixian;...

期刊： Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2019年99(5):2259-2266 ISSN：0022-5142

通讯作者： Rong, Xiangmin;Zhang, Yuping

作者机构： [Xie, Guixian; Tang, Li; Rong, XM; Zhang, Yuping; Tian, Chang; Rong, Xiangmin; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jianwei; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Xie, Yong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, POB 410128,1 Nongda Rd, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Guixian; Tang, Li; Zhang, Yuping; Tian, Chang; Rong, Xiangmin; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jianwei; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Xie, Yong] Natl Engn Lab Soil & Fertilizer Resources Efficie, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Guixian; Tang, Li; Zhang, Yuping; Tian, Chang; Rong, Xiangmin; Liu, Qiang; Peng, Jianwei; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Xie, Yong] Hunan Prov Key Lab Farmland Pollut Control & Agr, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuan] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Soil & Fertilizer Inst, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Rong, XM; Zhang, YP] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, POB 410128,1 Nongda Rd, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： PCU application;N rates;maize yield;N2O emission;NH3 emission

摘要： BACKGROUND: Urea is commonly over-applied as a nitrogen (N) fertilizer to crops in southern China and has a low utilization efficiency as a result of the high precipitation and high temperatures in this region. This has led to a need to optimize the management of N fertilizer use in maize crops on the subtropical hilly uplands of southern China. RESULTS: We investigated the effects of applying different amounts of N in the form of polymer-coated urea (PCU) on the yield of maize and gaseous losses of N from soils in the form of NH 3 and N 2 O. The field plots used in this trial had zero-added N (0 kg N ha −1 ), the addition of urea (240 kg N ha −1 ) and four levels of fertilization with PCU (1 PCU, 0.9 PCU, 0.8 PCU and 0.7 PCU), which represented a 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% reduction, respectively, in the application of PCU-N relative to the urea plot. Compared to the urea plot, there was little variation in the yield of maize for all the PCU-N treatments, with a significant improvement in the utilization efficiency of N (up to 46.0–51.2%) with a 0–30% reduction in the application of PCU-N. Significant effects in the mitigation of the N 2 O emission flux and the accumulation of N 2 O-N were observed in the 0.8 PCU and 0.7 PCU plots. The application of PCU-N significantly reduced the flux and total amount of NH 3 -N lost to the environment: as the application rate for N decreased by 0–30%, the NH 3 loss was significantly reduced by 12.7–36.1%. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study suggest that the use of PCU could allow a reduction in the application of N of 20–30% compared to traditional agricultural practices in this area with the same yield of maize, although with significantly decreased NH 3 and N 2 O losses and the increased utilization of N. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

语种： 英文

作者： 田昌;王英姿;杨勇;刘强;荣湘民;...

期刊： 西部素质教育,2019年(10):129-130 ISSN：2095-6401

作者机构： 1. 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;2. 湖南农业大学科技创新平台管理中心

关键词： 地方农业高校;重点实验室;可持续发展

摘要： 文章首先阐述了地方农业高校重点实验室可持续发展的现状,存在后续经费不足、定位不准、领军人才缺乏和仪器设备利用率低等问题,然后提出了地方农业高校重点实验室可持续发展的对策,包括多方筹措资金、确定研究方向、加大人才培养和***力度、提高仪器设备利用效率、放权于重点实验室。

语种： 中文

作者： Jian, Shaofen;Luo, Jingsong;Liao, Qiong;Liu, Qiang;Guan, Chunyun;...

期刊： FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,2019年10:384 ISSN：1664-462X

通讯作者： Zhang, Zhenhua

作者机构： [Guan, Chunyun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhenhua] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Zhenhua] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Arabidopsis;CHL1/NRT1.1/NPF6.3;NITRATE REGULATORY GENE 2;cadmium stress;nitrate allocation;vacuole

摘要： Abiotic stress induces nitrate (NO 3 - ) allocation to roots, which increases stress tolerance in plants. NRT1.1 is broadly involved in abiotic stress tolerance in plants, but the relationship between NRT1.1 and NO 3 - allocation under stress conditions is unclear. In this study, we found that Arabidopsis wild-type Col-0 was more cadmium (Cd 2+ )-tolerant than the nrt1.1 mutant at 20 μM CdCl 2 . Cd 2+ exposure repressed NRT1.5 but upregulated NRT1.8 in roots of Col-0 plants, resulting in increased NO 3 - allocation to roots and higher [NO 3 - ] root-to-shoot (R:S) ratios. Interestingly, NITRATE REGULATORY GENE2 (NRG2) was upregulated by Cd 2+ stress in Col-0 but not in nrt1.1. Under Cd 2+ stress, nrg2 and nrg2-3chl1-13 mutants exhibited similar phenotypes and NO 3 - allocation patterns as observed in the nrt1.1 mutant, but overexpression of NRG2 in Col-0 and nrt1.1 increased the [NO 3 - ] R:S ratio and restored Cd 2+ stress tolerance. Our results indicated that NRT1.1 and NRG2 regulated Cd 2+ stress-induced NO 3 - allocation to roots and that NRG2 functioned downstream of NRT1.1. Cd 2+ uptake did not differ between Col-0 and nrt1.1, but Cd 2+ allocation to roots was higher in Col-0 than in nrt1.1. Stressed Col-0 plants increased Cd 2+ and NO 3 - allocation to root vacuoles, which reduced their cytosolic allocation and transport to the shoots. Our results suggest that NRT1.1 regulates NO 3 - allocation to roots by coordinating Cd 2+ accumulation in root vacuoles, which facilitates Cd 2+ detoxification. © 2019 Jian, Luo, Liao, Liu, Guan and Zhang.

语种： 英文

作者： 田昌;周旋;谢桂先;刘强;荣湘民;...

期刊： 水土保持学报,2018年32(3):21-28 ISSN：1009-2242

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 长沙, 410128;南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙, 410128;湖南省土壤肥料研究所, 长沙, 410125;[田昌; 谢桂先; 刘强; 荣湘民; 张玉平] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 长沙, 410128 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙, 410128;[周旋] 湖南省土壤肥料研究所, 长沙, 410125

关键词： 双季稻;控释尿素;减量施肥;径流损失;产量

摘要： 为了探究双季稻田典型自然降雨径流过程中氮(N)的输出特点,采用田间径流池法,通过长期田间定位试验,比较普通尿素(U)和控释尿素(CRU)减施稻田径流水中总氮(TN)、铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)和硝态氮(NO_3~--N)的动态变化及N素径流流失量和流失率。结果表明:稻田施肥初期出现N素径流峰值,是防控N素径流损失的关键时期。早、晚稻季生育期间施N处理径流水中以NH_4~+-N为主要形态,分别占TN径流损失量的64.5%~66.3%,61.0%~68.6%。早、晚稻季U处理径流水TN流失量(率)分别为5.6(2.2%),5.0(1.7%)kg/hm~2;CRU处理较U处理径流水TN流失量分别降低17.4%~34.1%,17.3%~ 37.7%;且随着N肥用量的减少,TN流失量(率)逐渐降低。受降雨强度的影响,早稻季N素径流损失较晚稻季高,且晚稻季CRU处理N素径流损失减排效果优于早稻季。早、晚稻季及连作周期CRU处理TN径流累计损失量和籽粒产量与施N量呈显著线性关系,随着N用量的增加而增加。总之,U处理显著提高径流水中N素浓度以及NH_4~+-N占TN的比例。CRU处理有效减缓N素释放速度,降低施肥初期N素径流损失量,实现增产;而CRU减施有利于进一步防控稻田N素流失风险,促进农业面源污染减排,且以减N 10%效果较好。

语种： 中文

作者： 田昌;王英姿;刘强;荣湘民;张玉平;...

期刊： 教育教学论坛,2018年(43):196-197 ISSN：1674-9324

作者机构： 湖南农业大学 资源环境学院,湖南 长沙,410128;湖南农业大学 科技创新平台管理中心,湖南 长沙,410128

关键词： 高校学生;创新能力;协同培养模式

摘要： 以湖南农业大学农业资源与环境专业学生培养为例,通过分析学生培养过程中存在的问题,进一步探索具有创新力的协同培养模式,以期为保障学生的创新能力和健康持续发展奠定基础。

语种： 中文

作者： Jian, Shaofen;Liao, Qiong;Song, Haixing;Liu, Qiang;Lepo, Joe Eugene;...

期刊： PLANT PHYSIOLOGY,2018年178(4):1473-1488 ISSN：0032-0889

通讯作者： Zhang, Zhenhua

作者机构： [Song, Haixing; Zhang, Zhenhua; Liao, Qiong; Liu, Qiang; Jian, Shaofen] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lepo, Joe Eugene] Univ West Florida, Ctr Environm Diagnost & Bioremediat, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.;[Guan, Chunyun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Jianhua] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Biol, SCT704, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Ismail, Abdelbagi M.] Int Rice Res Inst, DAPO 7777, Manila, Philippines.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Zhenhua] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

摘要： A high concentration of ammonium (NH 4 + ) as the sole source of nitrogen in the growth medium often is toxic to plants. The nitrate transporter NRT1.1 is involved in mediating the effects of NH 4 + toxicity; however, the mechanism remains undefined. In this study, wild-type Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 [Col-0]) and NRT1.1 mutants (chl1-1 and chl1-5) were grown hydroponically in NH 4 NO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 media to assess the function of NRT1.1 in NH 4 + stress responses. All the plants grew normally in medium containing mixed nitrogen sources, but Col-0 displayed more chlorosis and lower biomass and photosynthesis than the NRT1.1 mutants in (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 medium. Grafting experiments between Col-0 and chl1-5 further confirmed that NH 4 + toxicity is influenced by NRT1.1. In (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 medium, NRT1.1 induced the expression of NH 4 + transporters, increasing NH 4 + uptake. Additionally, the activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthetase in roots of Col-0 plants decreased and soluble sugar accumulated significantly, whereas pyruvate kinase-mediated glycolysis was not affected, all of which contributed to NH 4 + accumulation. By contrast, the NRT1.1 mutants showed reduced NH 4 + accumulation and enhanced NH 4 + assimilation through glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthetase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. Moreover, the up-regulation of genes involved in ethylene synthesis and senescence in Col-0 plants treated with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 suggests that ethylene is involved in NH 4 + toxicity responses. This study showed that NH 4 + toxicity is related to a nitrate-independent signaling function of NRT1.1 in Arabidopsis, characterized by enhanced NH 4 + accumulation and altered NH 4 + metabolism, which stimulates ethylene synthesis, leading to plant senescence. © 2018 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： 田昌;周旋;刘强;谢桂先;荣湘民;...

期刊： 应用生态学报,2018年29(10):3267-3274 ISSN：1001-9332

通讯作者： Zhang, Y.-P.

作者机构： [黄思怡] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China;Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, 410128, China;[周旋] Hunan Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Changsha, 410125, China;[谢桂先; 刘强; 田昌; 张玉平; 彭建伟; 荣湘民] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, 410128, China

通讯机构： [Zhang, Y.-P.] C;College of Resources and Environment, China

关键词： 双季稻;控释尿素;产量;渗漏淋失;氮肥利用效率

摘要： 大量施用氮肥引起的土壤氮素淋失是稻田氮素损失的一个重要途径.为探究自然降雨过程中典型双季稻田氮渗漏淋失特点,采用田间渗漏池法,通过大田小区试验,研究控释尿素减施对稻田土壤60 cm深处渗漏水中氮淋失和水稻产量的影响.结果表明:施肥初期出现氮渗漏淋失峰值,这是防控的关键时期;双季稻生长季控释尿素减氮20%(0.8CRU)和减氮30%(0.7CRU)处理全氮淋失量分别为42.3和37.7 kg·hm~(-2),均显著低于常规尿素(CU)处理(53.9 kg·hm~(-2)),且0.7CRU处理显著低于等氮量控释尿素(1.0CRU)处理(51.3 kg·hm~(-2));各施氮处理全氮渗漏淋失率为11.9%~13.5%,处理间差异不显著.0.8CRU和0.7CRU处理较CU处理明显提高了水稻产量和氮肥吸收利用率,显著增加了氮收获指数.总之,控释尿素减氮20%~30%能保证水稻产量和防控稻田氮渗漏淋失.

语种： 中文

作者： 陈红日;张玉平;刘强;荣湘民;张炼

期刊： 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018年44(2):117-123 ISSN：1007-1032

作者机构： [陈红日; 张玉平; 刘强; 荣湘民; 张炼] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[陈红日; 张玉平; 刘强; 荣湘民; 张炼] 农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室;[陈红日; 张玉平; 刘强; 荣湘民; 张炼] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室;[陈红日; 张玉平; 刘强; 荣湘民; 张炼] 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室

关键词： 玉米;间套作;径流;氮磷损失;拦截效应;经济效益

摘要： 2015、2016年,采用田间小区试验,研究自然降雨条件下玉米单作、玉米间作芝麻、玉米间作花生、玉米间作大豆、玉米套种红薯对旱地地表氮磷养分流失的影响,并进行经济效益分析。结果表明:旱地玉米不同间(套)作模式对地表氮磷流失的拦截效应明显,氮磷流失以颗粒态为主,分别达77.21%~81.68%和63.68%~69.10%;与玉米单作相比,玉米间作大豆和玉米套种红薯对旱地氮磷径流流失的阻控效应更加明显,玉米间作大豆的径流总氮、颗粒态氮年均流失量分别减少了40.67%和39.15%,总磷和颗粒态磷年均流失量分别减少了38.94%和39.84%;玉米套作红薯模式的总氮和颗粒态氮年均流失量分别减少了38.07%和38.27%,总磷与颗粒态磷年均流失量分别减少了31.75%和28.09%;玉米套作红薯模式的生产效益最佳,其经济纯收入较玉米单作提高了98.07%。

语种： 中文

作者： 王艳杰;李法云;荣湘民;陈佳勃;石丽芳

期刊： 农业环境科学学报,2018年37(2):232-238 ISSN：1672-2043

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙, 410128;辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院, 辽宁, 抚顺, 113001;[王艳杰; 李法云] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙, 410128 辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院, 辽宁, 抚顺, 113001;[荣湘民] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙, 410128;[陈佳勃; 石丽芳] 辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院, 辽宁, 抚顺, 113001

关键词： 石油烃;生物炭;营养物;微生物

摘要： 为研究营养物质、玉米秸秆碎屑和生物炭材料对石油污染土壤修复效果的影响,对4个处理组修复后土壤理化性质、修复中和修复后土壤生物特征和石油烃类物质的去除率,以及上述指标的相关关系进行分析。结果表明:添加玉米秸秆碎屑和生物炭能够显著降低土壤容重,增加土壤孔隙度,并提高土壤田间持水量(P<0.05)。在石油污染土壤中添加营养物和两种疏松材料均能提高土壤中微生物数量,其中生物炭与营养物联合处理组效果最佳,修复90 d微生物数量达到7.24×10~7 CFU·g~(-1)。修复后玉米秸秆碎屑与营养物联合处理组和生物炭与营养物联合处理组总石油烃和不同组分烃类物质明显减少,尤其是生物炭联合处理组,明显高于单独营养物处理组和对照组。土壤理化性质、微生物数量、石油烃去除率三者之间多呈显著相关,其中土壤孔隙度和总氮对微生物影响较大,微生物对石油烃类的去除作用明显。因此,添加生物炭材料并配施营养物质既可以改善土壤物理性质又能够为微生物提供充足的养分,进而增强石油污染土壤的修复效果。

语种： 中文

作者： Liu, Yang;Yang, Yahui;Liu, Qiong;Li, Yaomin;Lin, Jie;...

期刊： Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2018年512:86-95 ISSN：0021-9797

通讯作者： Li, Wenzhang;Li, Jie

作者机构： [Li, Jie; Liu, Qiong; Liu, Yang; Li, Wenzhang; Lin, Jie] Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yahui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yaomin] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.;[Lin, Jie] Xiamen Univ, Pen Tung Sah Micronano Sci & Technol Inst, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wenzhang] Cent S Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Metallogen Predict Nonferrous Met & Geol, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, WZ; Li, J] C;Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： H(2)O;Oxygen vacancies;Photoelectrochemical performance;Surface hydroxyl groups;WO(3);Wettability

摘要： H<inf>2</inf>O, as a product of reduced reaction by H<inf>2</inf>, may affect the chemical equilibrium according to the changing of the pressure ratio of H<inf>2</inf>O/H<inf>2</inf>in the system. Meanwhile, the performance may also be influenced by adsorption of H<inf>2</inf>O on the surface of the material. In this work, the effect of H<inf>2</inf>O is studied by reducing plate-like array WO<inf>3</inf>films under different pressure ratio of H<inf>2</inf>O/H<inf>2</inf>. It is controlled by changing the water temperature in the washing bottle through which the Ar/H<inf>2</inf>(80:20) gas flows. The higher water vapor pressure not only decreases the content of W⁵⁺but also increases the content of surface hydroxyl groups in the WO<inf>3</inf>films. Moreover, the excess water vapor improves the crystallinity. The WO<inf>3</inf>film shows hydrophobicity with adhesive property and high contact angle hysteresis after reduction, and the wettability increases with the increase of the pressure ratio of H<inf>2</inf>O/H<inf>2</inf>. Additionally, a built-in electric field may form by dissociation of the surface hydroxyl group and absorption of O^&minus;species, which promotes the charge separation, showing better photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Thus, water influences the coverage of chemical species on the surface of hydrogen reduced WO<inf>3</inf>film, which affects the wettability and PEC performance. &copy;2017

语种： 英文

作者： 田昌;周旋;谢桂先;刘强;荣湘民;...

期刊： 中国水稻科学,2018年32(4):387-397 ISSN：1001-7216

通讯作者： Xie, G.

作者机构： [谭力彰] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China;Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, 410128, China;[周旋] Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410125, China;[田昌; 张玉平; 彭建伟; 刘强; 荣湘民; 谢桂先] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, 410128, China, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, 410128, China

通讯机构： [Xie, G.] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha, China

关键词： 双季稻;氨挥发;控释尿素;氮肥利用率;氮素损失

摘要： 【目的】研究连续控释尿素减施对双季稻籽粒产量、N肥利用率和NH_3挥发损失的影响,以期为水稻稳产条件下减少双季稻田氮素损失提供理论依据和技术方法。【方法】以中早39(早稻)和泰优390(晚稻)为材料,设置不同控释尿素N用量的等N量控释尿素(CRU_1)、控释尿素减N 10%(CRU_2)、控释尿素减N 20%(CRU_3)、控释尿素减N 30%(CRU_4)以及尿素(U)和不施肥对照(CK)的6个处理,采用密闭室间歇通气法监测双季稻田NH_3挥发特征,同时测定水稻产量和N含量。【结果】普通尿素(U)处理和控释尿素(CRU)处理施基肥和分蘖肥后早稻NH_3挥发发生在施肥后的8~9 d内,峰值分别于第1~2天和第2~4天出现;晚稻NH_3挥发发生在施肥后的6~7 d内,峰值分别于第2~3天和第3~4天出现。早、晚稻生长季U处理总计NH_3挥发损失量(率)最高,分别为47.2 kg/hm~2 (26.4%)和61.9 kg/hm~2(28.7%),产量分别为5.5 t/hm~2和6.2 t/hm~2,N肥利用率分别为23.0%和20.0%;早、晚稻生长季CRU处理总计NH_3挥发损失量(率)分别为22.8~32.3 kg/hm~2(14.6%~16.5%)和30.4~42.1 kg/hm~2(15.9%~17.6%),产量分别为5.8~6.3 t/hm~2和6.6~7.5 t/hm~2,N肥利用率分别为34.3%~40.5%和33.8%~39.2%;其中,CRU_2处理在早、晚稻生长季总计NH_3挥发损失量较U处理降低40.9%、38.3%,产量增加14.9%、20.9%, N肥利用率提高75.6%、96.0%。早、晚稻生长季及双季稻整个生长季CRU处理总计NH_3挥发损失量及籽粒产量与施N量呈显著线性关系。【结论】施用控释尿素显著减少双季稻田NH_3挥发损失,增加籽粒产量,提高N肥利用率,以减N 10%处理效果最明显。

语种： 中文

作者： 谢勇;赵易艺;张玉平;唐丽;何石福;...

期刊： 水土保持学报,2018年32(4):197-203,215 ISSN：1009-2242

作者机构： [谢勇; 赵易艺; 张玉平; 唐丽; 何石福; 石敦杰; 刘强; 荣湘民] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室;[谢勇; 赵易艺; 张玉平; 唐丽; 何石福; 石敦杰; 刘强; 荣湘民] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室;[谢勇; 赵易艺; 张玉平; 唐丽; 何石福; 石敦杰; 刘强; 荣湘民] 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 生物黑炭;有机肥;产量;氮磷径流损失;肥料利用率;春玉米

摘要： 研究生物黑炭和有机肥配施化肥对旱地作物种植和养分损失的影响,旨在进一步探索高温多雨的南方丘陵地区旱地作物合理施肥和高产高效种植以及资源优化利用的有效途径.采用田间小区试验,设置了5个处理:不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、化肥+生物黑炭(CF+B)、有机无机肥配施(OF+CF)和有机无机肥配施且添加生物黑炭(OF+CF+B),探讨了生物黑炭和有机肥施用对春玉米产量、地表氮磷径流损失、作物氮磷肥料利用率的影响.结果表明:生物黑炭或有机肥的施用可显著增产8.2％～11.1％,但有机肥和生物黑炭结合施用增产效果最佳,增产率可高达13.79.相比CF处理,CF+B处理可显著降低15.9％的氮素径流损失和24.2％磷素径流损失,显著提高26.3％和11.8％的地上部氮磷累积量;OF+CF处理可显著降低17.5％的氮素径流损失和25.0％磷素径流损失,提高36.5％ (P＜0.05)和8.2％ (P＞0.05)地上部氮磷累积量;OF+ CF+B处理可显著降低33.3％的氮素径流损失和35.2％磷素径流损失,显著提高52.1％和29.0％地上部氮磷累积量,且氮磷肥料利用率最高,分别达49.1％和26.4％.OF+ CF+B处理施肥方式一方面可促进春玉米旺盛生长,增加地表植被覆盖度和增强土壤的抗蚀性,显著降低了地表的径流体积;另一方面可以全面降低土壤氮磷养分溶解态和颗粒态的径流损失,培肥了地力.因此,从产量经济效益和环境效益方面综合来看,认为添加生物黑炭和有机肥部分替代化肥结合化肥施入土壤是最合理的施肥方式,值得在该区域进行推广和应用.

语种： 中文

作者： Liu, Yang;Yang, Yahui;Liu, Qiong;He, Haizhou;Liu, Wenhua;...

期刊： International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2018年43(1):208-218 ISSN：0360-3199

通讯作者： Li, Wenzhang;Li, Jie

作者机构： [Li, Jie; Liu, Qiong; Liu, Yang; Li, Wenzhang; Liu, Wenhua; He, Haizhou] Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yahui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Meng, Dedong] Jilin Univ, Coll Chem, Changchun 130012, Jilin, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yaomin] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.

通讯机构： [Li, WZ; Li, J] C;Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.

关键词： Chemical reduction;Oxygen vacancies;TiCl3;WO3

摘要： Oxygen vacancy, as a kind of self-doping strategy, has been considered by numerous researchers. Several papers have been published about introducing oxygen vacancies in the semiconductors, which give a viewpoint that the concentration of oxygen vacancies may influence the performance. But few of them focus on how to control the concentration of oxygen vacancies, and how to achieve the goal without using additional equipment (such as sealed tube furnace) for too long time (20 min-4 h without considering the time for rising temperature and cooling). In this paper, oxygen vacancies were introduced into the WO3 vertically plate-like arrays films in a short time by chemical reduction. TiCl3 solutions with different concentrations were used as the reductant, and the concentration of oxygen vacancies of WO3 was proportional to the concentration of TiCl3. After importing oxygen vacancies, WO3 film photoanode showed enhanced photoelectrochemical performance, and the photocurrent of treated WO3 (0.88 mA/cm(2) at 1.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) was 1.27 times that of pristine WO3 (0.69 mA/cm(2)). However, the photocurrent decreased when the concentration of TiCl3 was too high. The over importation of oxygen vacancies might result in a thicker disorder layer with surface defects and more recombination centers. In such a situation, there was an unsatisfactory transfer and separation ability of photogenerated charges. This study provides new insight into controlling the concentration of oxygen vacancies via a rapid and easy approach. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： 姜利红;谢桂先;刘强;荣湘民;向秀媛;...

期刊： 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018年44(3):295-300 ISSN：1007-1032

作者机构： [姜利红; 谢桂先; 刘强; 荣湘民; 向秀媛; 李波] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[姜利红; 谢桂先; 刘强; 荣湘民; 向秀媛; 李波] 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室;[姜利红; 谢桂先; 刘强; 荣湘民; 向秀媛; 李波] 农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室;[姜利红; 谢桂先; 刘强; 荣湘民; 向秀媛; 李波] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室

关键词： 双季稻田;有机无机肥配施;土壤酶;土壤微生物;土壤碳库

摘要： 通过4年定位试验,研究了不施肥(WF)、不施氮肥(WN)、单施化肥(CF)、猪粪替代20%氮肥(ZF)、猪粪堆肥替代20%氮肥(DF)、沼渣沼液替代20%氮肥(ZYF)6种施肥处理对双季稻田土壤的酶活性、可培养微生物数量、微生物量碳(SMBC)含量、微生物量氮(SMBN)含量、有机质含量和碳库管理指数的影响。结果表明:3种有机无机肥配施能显著提高双季稻田土壤中可培养细菌和放线菌数量,微生物量碳、微生物量氮、总有机质和活性有机质含量以及碳库活度指数、碳库管理指数,但处理间存在差异,以DF效果最好;连续耕作4年后,DF处理的土壤中可培养细菌、真菌和放线菌数量以及SMBC、SMBN含量分别比CF的提高了67.94%、50.30%、 55.51%、17.96%和50.17%;DF的土壤磷酸酶、脲酶、转化酶和纤维素酶活性分别比CF的提高了18.19%、7.85%、 73.47%和105.00%;总有机质、活性有机质含量及碳库管理指数分别比CF的提高了15.17%、58.40%、71.98%。综合分析,猪粪堆肥与化肥配施显著提高了稻田土壤中磷酸酶、脲酶、转化酶和纤维素酶活性和可培养细菌、真菌和放线菌数量,SMBC和SMBN的含量以及碳库管理指数,长期有机无机肥配施(尤其是猪粪堆肥与化肥配施)是扩大土壤碳库、提高土壤质量的有效途径。

语种： 中文

作者： 谭力彰;黎炜彬;黄思怡;袁浩凌;杨兰;...

期刊： 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018年44(2):188-192 ISSN：1007-1032

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室;[谭力彰; 黎炜彬; 杨兰; 刘强; 谢桂先] 农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室;[谭力彰; 黎炜彬; 杨兰; 刘强; 谢桂先] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[谭力彰; 黎炜彬; 杨兰; 刘强; 谢桂先] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室

关键词： 双季稻;有机肥;无机肥;产量;氮肥利用率

摘要： 采用田间小区试验,在长期定位试验基地进行不施氮肥(CK)、单施化肥(T1)、猪粪替代20%氮肥(T2)、沼渣沼液替代20%氮肥(T3)、猪粪堆肥替代20%氮肥(T4)、早稻绿肥或晚稻稻草替代20%氮肥(T5) 6种不同施肥方式试验,研究不同施肥方式对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:长期有机无机肥配施能显著提高水稻穗粒数和有效穗数,增产效果明显,其中以T4增产效果最好,早、晚稻产量分别比单施化肥增产9.05%和13.56%;长期有机无机肥配施能促进营养器官中的氮素营养向籽粒转运和再利用,减少氮素营养在营养器官中的累积,从而提高氮肥利用率,其中以T4早、晚稻的氮肥农学利用率(16.59、16.23 kg/kg)、氮肥吸收利用率(38.96%、37.71%)、氮肥偏生产力(55.44、51.16 kg/kg)以及晚稻氮肥生理利用率(43.02 kg/kg)最高。长期有机无机肥配施能显著提高双季稻产量和氮肥利用率,在4种有机无机肥配施模式中,T4的效果最好。

语种： 中文

作者： 田昌;周旋;谢桂先;刘强;荣湘民;...

期刊： 水土保持学报,2018年32(4):216-221 ISSN：1009-2242

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 长沙, 410128;南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙, 410128;湖南省土壤肥料研究所, 长沙, 410125;[田昌; 谢桂先; 刘强; 荣湘民; 张玉平; 彭建伟] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 长沙, 410128 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙, 410128;[周旋] 湖南省土壤肥料研究所, 长沙, 410125

关键词： 双季稻田;控释尿素;减量施肥;土壤养分;剖面分布

摘要： 为探讨双季稻田控释尿素施用对养分在土壤剖面的垂直分布与迁移的影响,通过长期田间定位试验,研究比较普通尿素(U)和控释尿素(CRU)减施稻田剖面的养分累积和分布。结果表明:随着土层深度的增加,土壤全氮、NO_3~-—N、有机质、全磷、速效磷和全钾含量呈下降趋势,NH_4~+—N含量先下降后升高,速效钾含量呈上升趋势,土壤pH升高且趋于稳定。施肥会降低0—20 cm土层pH和速效钾含量。与U处理相比,0—20 cm土层CRU处理全氮含量提高7.72%~19.45%,且随着施N量的增加呈上升趋势; 40—60 cm土层CRU处理NH_4~+—N含量降低6.99%~19.23%。施用CRU可以有效降低土层NH_4~+—N向下淋溶,提高0—40 cm土层全氮和NO_3~-—N含量,避免土壤N素流失。施用CRU对不同深度土层有机质、速效磷、全磷、速效钾、全钾和pH的影响不显著,但减量过大会导致有机质降低。CRU减量10%~ 20%处理显著提高双季稻成熟期N、P、K的吸收量。相关分析表明,不同用量控释尿素处理早、晚稻成熟期N、P、K吸收量与籽粒产量均呈显著正相关。总之,CRU处理有效地控制N素向下淋溶,减少因N肥施用带来的潜在面源污染,而CRU减施可更好地维持和提高土壤的养分水平和肥力,促进养分累积,实现生态与经济效益的双赢。

语种： 中文

作者： 姜利红;谭力彰;田昌;刘强;张玉平;...

期刊： 水土保持学报,2017年31(6):33-38,45 ISSN：1009-2242

作者机构： [姜利红; 谭力彰; 田昌; 刘强; 张玉平; 杨兰; 谢桂先] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室;[姜利红; 谭力彰; 田昌; 刘强; 张玉平; 杨兰; 谢桂先] 农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室;[姜利红; 谭力彰; 田昌; 刘强; 张玉平; 杨兰; 谢桂先] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 不同施肥;双季稻;有机无机肥配施;氮磷含量;累积流失负荷

摘要： 通过定位试验,研究了不施氮肥(WN)、单施化肥(HF)、猪粪替代20%氮肥(ZF)、沼渣沼液替代20%氮肥(ZYF)、堆肥替代20%氮肥(DF)、早稻绿肥、晚稻稻草代替20%氮肥(LDF)6种不同施肥处理下双季稻径流氮磷含量和累积流失负荷的影响。结果表明,水稻基肥和追肥后,径流水中全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、全磷和水溶性磷含量逐渐下降。HF处理双季稻季径流水中全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮平均含量最高,分别为5.91,3.65,0.82 mg/L。相比HF处理,有机物料替代20%氮肥处理能够降低径流水中全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮的平均含量,其中以DF处理下降幅度最大,分别下降1.18,0.71,0.14 mg/L;除DF处理外,有机物料替代20%氮肥能够增加径流水中全磷和水溶性磷的平均含量。相比HF处理,有机物料替代20%氮肥能够减少氮素径流流失负荷,以DF处理总氮、铵态氮和硝态氮累积流失负荷最小,分别为10.25,6.17,1.71 kg/hm~2;DF处理磷素流失负荷与单施化肥处理持平。综上,DF处理能够降低径流水中氮磷流失负荷,对于保护环境和控制面源污染具有重要意义。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhan, Faqi;Liu, Wenhua;Li, Wenzhang;Li, Jie*;Yang, Yahui;...

期刊： Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics,2017年28(18):13836-13845 ISSN：0957-4522

通讯作者： Li, Jie

作者机构： [Zhan, Faqi; Li, Jie; Liu, Qiong; Li, Wenzhang; Liu, Wenhua] Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yahui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yaomin] UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England.;[Tang, Xinde] Hunan Inst Technol, Dept Mat & Chem Engn, Hengyang 421002, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, Jie] C;Cent S Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.

摘要： This article describes the synthesis of monoclinic WO3 nanostructures with highly reactive (002) facets exposed through a facile hydrothermal method using boric acid as the guiding agent. The obtained WO3 plate films exhibit an excellent photocurrent density of 1.64 mA/cm2 at 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and an IPCE value of 66.7% at 355 nm at a bias of 0.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Furthermore, a maximum 2.8-time higher formic acid yields was obtained in a versatile photoanode-driven PEC CO2 reduction system. The pronounced enhancement in photoelectrocatalytic activity can be attributed to the reduced recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, longer electron lifetime, larger photogenerated carrier density, higher reactivity for water oxidation and more effective production of active oxygen species on exposed (002) facets, which were obtained through the capping effect of boric acid. This work provides a facile and promising approach to synthesize the specific facet-exposed photocatalysts with better photoelectrochemical performance. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

语种： 英文

作者： 杨勇;刘强;宋海星;田昌

期刊： 中国农学通报,2017年(06):42-47 ISSN：1000-6850

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室/植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室

关键词： 油菜;包膜肥;碳氮代谢;产量

摘要： 为研究包膜肥在直播早熟油菜上的应用效果,采用田间小区试验,探究不同用量包膜肥对‘湘杂油1613’碳氮代谢和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,施肥量相同条件下,施用包膜肥油菜碳氮代谢活跃,叶绿素含量（SPAD）升高,可溶性糖和游离氨基酸总量增加,含量差异不明显;单株有效分枝数和角果数明显增加,每角果粒数和千粒重小幅提高。施用包膜肥增产效果明显,包膜肥施肥量为1500 kg/hm2时产量最高,达到2066.9 kg/hm2。通过拟合建模,包膜肥用量为1611.0 kg/hm2时,产量达到最高为2164.9 kg/hm2;而普通肥的用量为1870.5 kg/hm2时,最高产量为1904.8 kg/hm2,包膜肥产量增加13.6%,同时用量减少13.9%。

语种： 中文