作者： Li, Juan;Zheng, Bufan;Hu, Ruiwen;Liu, Yongjun;Jing, Yongfeng;...

期刊： CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY,2019年65(3):214-223 ISSN：0008-4166

通讯作者： Chen, Wu;Zhou, Qingming

作者机构： [Zhou, Qingming; Zheng, Bufan; Hu, Ruiwen; Chen, Wu; Chen, W; Zhou, QM; Xiao, Yunhua; Sun, Min; Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Qingming; Zheng, Bufan; Hu, Ruiwen; Chen, Wu; Chen, W; Zhou, QM; Xiao, Yunhua; Sun, Min; Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Qingming; Zheng, Bufan; Hu, Ruiwen; Chen, Wu; Chen, W; Zhou, QM; Xiao, Yunhua; Sun, Min; Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Yongjun] Inst Hunan Prov Tobacco Sci Res, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jing, Yongfeng] China Tobacco Hunan Ind Co Ltd, Changsha 410019, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Chen, W; Zhou, QM] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： captation du plomb;croissance racinaire;endophytes;lead uptake;root growth

摘要： Endophytic bacteria are generally helpful for plant growth and protection. We isolated from tobacco seeds three Pseudomonas strains (K03, Y04, and N05) that could produce siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphorus and potassium, and tolerate heavy metals. In pot experiments, the three isolated strains significantly promoted root growth and increased the root enzyme activity in Nicotiana tobacum K326. Furthermore, bacterial inoculations increased the proportion of residual lead (Pb) by 8.36%–51.63% and decreased the total Pb content by 3.28%–6.38% in the contaminated soil during tobacco planting, compared with uninoculated soils. An effective decrease in Pb content was also found in tobacco leaves with bacterial inoculations. K03 inoculation decreased the Pb content in the upper leaves by 49.80%, and Y04 inoculation had the best effect, decreasing the Pb content in the middle leaves by 70.12%. Additionally, soil pH and root activity had significant effects on transformation and translocation of Pb. The study suggested that in response to Pb pollution in soil, a reasonable application of endophytes (e.g., Pseudomonas) might be a promising approach in promoting tobacco growth and reducing Pb content in tobacco, while simultaneously enhancing Pb stabilization in soils. © 2019, Published by NRC Research Press.

语种： 英文

作者： 帅京彤;裴晓东;黎娟;张一扬

期刊： 作物杂志,2019年(6):114-119 ISSN：1001-7283

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院;[裴晓东] 湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司;[黎娟; 帅京彤; 张一扬] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 烤烟;开沟深度;起垄时间;土壤化学性质;烟叶经济性状

摘要： 为探明烟稻轮作制度下,烟田起垄开沟对植烟土壤化学性质及烟株生长、产质量等影响,以稻茬烟田为试验平台,设置2个开沟深度[A1:浅沟（垄间开沟15cm）;A2:深沟（垄间开沟25cm）]和2个起垄时间[B1:移栽前10d起垄（常规起垄）;B2:翻耕后起垄],于2018年取样,系统分析不同处理对土壤pH、主要养分含量和烟株农艺性状、干物质积累及经济性状的影响。研究结果表明,烟株各个主要生育时期深沟+翻耕后起垄处理（A2B2）的有效叶片数、烟叶最大叶长、叶宽和株高均优于其他处理;且该处理能有效改善土壤速效养分含量,土壤pH处于优质烤烟生产要求范围;同时烟株物质生产能力强,干物质积累多,在各器官间分配合理;烤烟经济性状也表现为该处理的烟叶产量、产值及上等烟比例较高,表现较优。总之,翻耕后起垄+深开沟处理（A2B2）有利于烟株生长,提高烟株的品质,为烟叶优质适产奠定了生物学基础。

语种： 中文

作者： 郭婷;李宏光;李文;彭曙光;肖春生;...

期刊： 烟草科技,2019年52(7):27-34 ISSN：1002-0861

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院;[肖艳松; 李丽娟; 李宏光; 李文] 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司;湖南省烟草公司;湖南省烟草科学研究所;[李强; 黎娟; 郭婷] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 湖南郴州;植烟土壤;有效硼;时空变异;影响因素

摘要： 为明确湘南稻作烟区植烟土壤有效硼的时空变异特征,分别于2000年和2015年在湖南郴州烟区采集土壤样品测定了有效硼含量(质量分数),并利用经典统计学、地统计学等方法对该区域土壤有效硼的时空变异及其影响因素进行了分析.结果表明:从基本统计特征来看,经过15年硼肥的连续施用,湖南郴州烟区土壤有效硼含量均值由2000年的0.17 mg/kg增加到2015年0.55 mg/kg,增幅达223.53 %;从时空分布的变化来看,2015年土壤有效硼含量处于“中等”和“高”等级的土地面积显著增加,分别为80.49%和19.51 %,而“极低”和“低”等级的土地面积则大幅减少,分别为67.13%和32.87 %.土壤有效硼含量与地形、地貌、成土母质、土壤酸碱度及有机质含量关系密切.

语种： 中文

作者： 李强;戴美玲;向德明;黎娟;周米良;...

期刊： 土壤,2018年50(1):181-189 ISSN：0253-9829

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南农业大学烟草研究院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省烟草公司湘西州公司, 湖南, 吉首, 416000;[李强] 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128 湖南农业大学烟草研究院, 长沙, 410128;[戴美玲] 湖南农业大学烟草研究院, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 喀斯特;植烟土壤;有效磷;时空变异;环境风险

摘要： 为揭示典型喀斯特烟区土壤有效磷的时空变异特征,为喀斯特地貌烟区合理施磷和控制磷素面源污染提供依据,以湘西州2000年和2014年耕地土壤有效磷含量为研究对象,利用空间自相关、半方差函数及分形维数等方法,对县域内土壤速效养分时空变异特征和环境风险进行了评价。结果表明,2014年土壤有效磷平均含量增加了30.89 mg/kg,增幅达425.48%;土壤有效磷Moran’s I指数标准化Z值下降,分形维数和块金效应增加,说明土壤有效磷空间结构减弱,随机变异性增强;土壤有效磷“极高”、“很高”和“高”等级面积显著增加,分别增加了28.36%、 26.89%和25.94%;而“低”和“极低”等级面积分别下降了57.45%和27.12%;土壤有效磷含量与海拔、成土母质、土地利用类型、轮作模式及有机质含量关系密切;2014年湘西州有效磷含量超过风险临界值的概率大幅增加,很高风险(概率>80%)、高风险(概率60% ~ 80%)和中等风险(概率40% ~ 60%)区域分别占研究区域面积的1.77%、5.40%和13.96%。其中,龙山县北部和永顺县东部应作为农业面源磷污染的重点控制区。

语种： 中文

作者： 陆元;荆永锋;周清明;黎娟;方圆;...

期刊： 云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2018年33(3):506-512 ISSN：1004-390X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南中烟工业有限责任公司, 湖南, 长沙, 410014;张家界市烟草公司桑植县分公司, 湖南, 张家界, 427000;[陆元; 周清明; 黎娟] 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[荆永锋] 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司, 湖南, 长沙, 410014

关键词： 镁肥;化学成分;烤烟;产质量

摘要： 【目的】探讨不同镁肥用量对烤烟生长及烟叶产质量的影响。【方法】以云烟87为试材,在湖南桑植进行了0、125、250、375、500 kg/hm~2不同镁肥用量的单因素随机区组大田试验。【结果】施用镁肥能促进烟株的生长发育,改善烤烟的株高、最大叶宽、最大叶面积、茎围及叶数;施用镁肥能降低上部叶烟碱含量(降低0.21%~0.67%)及调节氯(降低0.02%~0.06%)、钾(增加0.01%~0.64%)含量,提高烤后烟叶的总糖含量;施用镁肥条件下,还原糖、总氮、糖碱比、氮碱比及钾氯比趋于适宜值;施用镁肥还能显著增加烤后烟叶的经济效益(产值增加2574.12~11171.12元/hm~2),但不同施镁水平的效果具有差异,低水平(125 kg/hm~2)或较高水平(375~500 kg/hm~2)镁肥用量对烤烟生长及产质量形成的影响欠佳。【结论】在湖南桑植烟区中水平即250 kg/hm~2的镁肥用量较为适宜。

语种： 中文

作者： 刘懋;闫晨兵;郭婷;陈焘;黎娟;...

期刊： 湖南农业科学,2018年(7):39-43 ISSN：1006-060X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙,410128;[闫晨兵] 湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙 410128;[闫晨兵] 湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙 410128;湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,湖南郴州 655000;[李强; 黎娟; 郭婷; 刘懋; 陈焘] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 植烟土壤;养分;施肥;桂阳

摘要： 为了掌握桂阳县植烟土壤中养分的含量,方便为烤烟合理施肥提供建议,在桂阳烟区搜集了560个土壤样本,并对其主要养分含量进行了检测和评估,结果表明:桂阳烟区植烟土壤的碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量的平均值分别为188.69、39.47和206.58 mg/kg.总的来说,在桂阳烟区,植烟土壤的养分含量比较丰富,其土壤的碱解氮和有效磷的含量都偏高,而近1/3的土壤样本的速效钾含量属于偏低的范畴,还有极少数达到了极度缺钾的情况.不同植烟乡镇的土壤养分特征状况差异明显,如方元的碱解氮和速效钾含量高,有效磷含量极高;桥市的碱解氮和有效磷含量高,速效钾含量适宜.针对桂阳烟区主要土壤养分含量的现状,应当适当调节桂阳县植烟土壤的肥料施用量,大部分区域应控制氮肥用量,有效磷含量>20 mg/kg(高)的区域应试行减少磷肥的施用,而钾肥应在当前施用量的基础上适度增加,尤其是在速效钾含量偏低和极度缺乏的乡镇要着重增施钾肥,在烟叶生长后期也要适当补施钾肥,加强田间管理,注重氮磷钾3种肥料的配比平衡,减少钾肥的流失.

语种： 中文

作者： 胡瑞文;刘勇军;周清明;刘智炫;黎娟;...

期刊： 中国农业科技导报,2018年20(9):49-56 ISSN：1008-0864

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省烟草科学研究所, 长沙, 410000;[胡瑞文; 周清明; 刘智炫; 黎娟; 邵岩; 刘卉] 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128;[刘勇军] 湖南省烟草科学研究所, 长沙, 410000

关键词： 生物炭;烤烟;微生物;碳代谢

摘要： 为探究不同施用量的生物炭对烤烟根际土壤微生物群落碳代谢的影响, 并明确适宜的生物炭用量.以云烟87为试验材料, 设置了不施用生物炭的对照组 (CK) 和生物炭用量分别为3 000 kg/hm2 (T1) 、3 750kg/hm2 (T2) 与4 500 kg/hm2 (T3) 的处理组, 于烤烟旺长期采集土壤样品, 运用Biolog-ECO微孔板技术分析烤烟根际土壤微生物群落的功能多样性.结果表明:施用生物炭能提高土壤微生物AWCD值与微生物多样性各项指数, 能显著提高羧酸类和聚合物类碳源的利用能力, 且T2处理在这两类碳源利用能力上较CK处理分别显著提高24.82％和70.71％.主成分分析表明, 碳水化合物类、羧酸类和氨基酸类碳源是造成各处理土壤微生物碳代谢特征存在较大差异的相关碳源.综合来看, T2处理土壤微生物对碳源的利用能力最强, 最适宜的生物炭施用量为3 750 kg/hm2.

语种： 中文

作者： 刘卉;张黎明;周清明;黎娟;向德明

期刊： 核农学报,2018年32(7):1435-1441 ISSN：1000-8551

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司, 湖南, 吉首, 416000;[刘卉; 周清明; 黎娟] 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[张黎明; 向德明] 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司, 湖南, 吉首, 416000

关键词： 烤烟连作;生物炭;黑胫病;干物质;产质量

摘要： 为提高烤烟产质量,探究连续施用生物炭的长期效应,以云烟87为试验材料,通过3年定位试验,研究连续施用生物炭对烤烟黑胫病、干物质量和产质量的影响。结果表明,连续施用生物炭能降低烤烟黑胫病的发病率(降低2.78 %~ 8.33%)及病害指数(降低1.39 %~ 4.40%) ,但其对病害的抑制作用随着连作时间的延长逐年降低;连续施用生物炭有利于烤烟根系的干物质增加(增加19.50 ~ 43.02 g) ,总干物质积累量在2015、2016年均有所增加(增加40.50 ~ 85.20 g) ,但在2017年时略有降低(降低20.00 g) ;连续施用生物炭能提高烤烟的产质量,烤后烟叶的上等烟(增加2.60 %~ 8.91%) 、中上等烟比例(增加0.51 %~ 3.67%)及经济性状各指标(产值增加2 485.64 ~ 6 216.13元·hm ~(- 2)) ,但随着连作时间的延长上述指标均逐渐下降。综上,连续施用生物炭能减轻烤烟黑胫病害,促进根系干物质积累,缓解因连作时间延长导致的烤烟产质量下降。本研究对优质烤烟生产有一定的指导意义。

语种： 中文

作者： 刘卉;周清明;黎娟;向德明;张黎明

期刊： 华北农学报,2018年33(3):182-188 ISSN：1000-7091

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院;[张黎明; 向德明] 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司;[黎娟; 刘卉; 周清明] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 定位试验;生物炭;土壤;物理性状

摘要： 为了改良土壤的物理性状,并探讨连续施用生物炭对植烟土壤物理性状的长期效应,以云烟87为试材,通过3年定位试验研究了连续施用生物炭对植烟土壤物理性状的影响。结果表明:连续施用生物炭能明显影响土壤的物理性状。连续施用生物炭对2015年烤烟生育各时期内土壤含水率均有促进作用,土壤含水率升高了3.243~ 3.983个百分点,且差异极显著,而在2016, 2017年时,连续施用生物炭后在烤烟生育各时期内土壤含水率与对照比较或高或低,但差异均不显著;连续施用生物炭在2015年移栽后30 d时,土壤容重升高0.083个百分点,土壤孔隙度降低3.113个百分点,但差异均不显著,其他年份各时期为连续施用生物炭后土壤容重降低0.010~ 0.144个百分点,土壤孔隙度升高0.500~ 5.537个百分点,且以2017年移栽后30 d时生物炭对土壤容重和孔隙度的影响作用显著;连续施用生物炭对2015, 2016年各时期的土壤固相比影响较小,主要能显著降低2017年移栽后30 d时土壤固相比。连续施用生物炭能极显著增加2015年各时期土壤液相比,降低2015年移栽后30 d土壤气相比,但对其他年份各时期的土壤液相比和气相比影响较小。不同年份各时期土壤物理性状各参数主成分分析结果显示,连续施用生物炭后的土壤物理性状与对照差异较大,有利于土壤物理性状的改善。

语种： 中文

作者： Wu, Bo;Liu, Feifei;Weiser, Michael D.;Ning, Daliang;Okie, Jordan G.;...

期刊： Functional Ecology,2018年32(7):1867-1878 ISSN：0269-8463

通讯作者： Shouwen Chen<&wdkj&>Jizhong Zhou<&wdkj&>Zhili He

作者机构： [Wu, Bo; He, Zhili] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Environm Microbi Res Ctr & Guangdong Prov Key Lab, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Ye; Wu, Bo; Wu, Liyou; Ning, Daliang; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong; Liu, Feifei; Shen, Lina] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom & Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK USA.;[Wu, Bo; He, Zhili; Chen, Shouwen] Huazhong Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Feifei] Guangdong Inst Microbiol & State Key Lab Appl Mic, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Microbial Culture Collect, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.;[Weiser, Michael D.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Norman, OK USA.

通讯机构： [Shouwen Chen] S;[Jizhong Zhou] I;[Zhili He] E;State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>Environmental Microbiomics Research Center and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China<&wdkj&>Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA<&wdkj&>Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA<&wdkj&>School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

关键词： biogeography;diversity;latitudinal diversity gradient;N2O-reducing community;nosZ;temperature gradient

摘要： Micro-organisms harbouring the nosZ gene convert N2O to N2 and play a critical role in reducing global N2O emissions. As higher denitrifier diversity can result in higher denitrification rates, here we aimed to understand the diversity, composition and spatial structure of N2O-reducing microbial assemblages in forest soils across a large latitudinal and temperature gradient. We sequenced nosZ gene amplicons of 126 soil samples from six forests with mean annual soil temperatures (MAST) ranging from 3.7 to 25.3°C and tested predictions of the metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) and metabolic-niche theory (MNT). As predicted, α-diversity of nosZ communities increased with increasing MAST, within-site β-diversity decreased and two (pH and soil moisture) of the three niche widths examined were larger with increasing MAST. We calculated β-nearest taxon distance and Raup–Crick metric to quantify the relative influence of the assembly processes determining nosZ assemblage structure. Environmental selection was the primary process driving assemblage structure in all six forests. Homogenizing dispersal was also important at one site, which could be explained by the site's much lower variability in soil chemistry. We used canonical correspondence analysis and multiple regression on matrices to examine relationships between nosZ communities and environmental factors, and found that temperature and spatial distance were significant predictors of nosZ assemblage structure. Overall our results support both theories (MTE and MNT) tested, showing that higher temperatures are correlated with higher local diversity, wider niche breadths and lower within-site turnover rates. A plain language summary is available for this article. © 2018 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society

语种： 英文

作者： Xiao, Yunhua;Liu, Xueduan;Meng, Delong;Tao, Jiemeng;Gu, Yabing;...

期刊： Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2018年102(5):2399-2412 ISSN：0175-7598

通讯作者： Li, Juan;Yin, Huaqun

作者机构： [Xiao, Yunhua; Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Yunhua; Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Meng, Delong; Liu, Xueduan; Yin, Huaqun; Xiao, Yunhua; Tao, Jiemeng; Gu, Yabing] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, Juan] H;[Yin, Huaqun] C;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Crop morbidity;Biological control agents;Bacterial interactions;Bacterial diversity;Bacterial community structure

摘要： Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, occurs occasionally during tobacco planting and potentially brings huge economic losses in affected areas. Soil microbes in different management stages play important roles in influencing bacterial wilt incidence. Studies have focused on the impacts of species diversity and composition during cropping periods on disease morbidity; however, the effects of the soil bacterial biomass, species diversity, species succession, and population interactions on morbidity remain unclear during non-cropping periods. In this study, we explored the soil bacterial communities in the non-cropping winter fallow (WF) and cropping late growing (LG) periods under consecutive monoculture systems using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and qPCR and further analyzed their effects on tobacco bacterial wilt incidence. We found that the bacterial communities in the WF period were significantly different from those in the LG period based on detrended correspondence analysis and dissimilarity tests. Crop morbidity was significantly related to bacterial community structure and to the presence of some genera during WF and LG periods. These genera, such as Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Acidobacteria GP6, and Pasteuria, may be potential biological control agents for bacterial wilt. Further analysis indicated that low soil bacterial diversity during the WF period, decrease of bacterial interactions from the WF to LG periods, and low soil biomass during the LG period all have the potential to increase morbidity. In conclusion, an increase of soil bacterial diversity and control of some bacterial abundances in the WF period might be an effective approach in controlling bacterial wilt incidence. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

语种： 英文

作者： 淡俊豪;齐绍武;黎娟;朱益;靳辉勇;...

期刊： 中国农业科技导报,2018年20(10):36-43 ISSN：1008-0864

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南杂交水稻研究中心, 长沙, 410128;广东中烟工业有限责任公司, 广州, 510610;江苏省宿迁市宿豫区农业委员会, 江苏, 宿迁, 223800;[淡俊豪; 黎娟; 梁仲哲] 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 土壤调理剂;碳代谢指纹;植烟土壤

摘要： 为探究土壤调理剂对植烟土壤微生物功能多样性的影响,以烤烟品种云烟87为材料,采用Biolog- ECO检测法探究了土壤调理剂在CK(0 kg /hm~2) 、T1(1 500 kg /hm~2) 、T2(3 000 kg /hm~2) 、T3(4 500 kg /hm~2)四种不同施用水平下植烟土壤微生物碳代谢指纹的差异。结果表明: ①当土壤调理剂的施用量为3 000 kg /hm~2时,烤烟成熟期羧酸类、胺类、聚合物类、其他类这4类碳源的利用能力最强。②主成分分析结果显示,糖类、羧酸类、氨基酸类、胺类这4类碳源是区分施用土壤调理剂的敏感碳源,而聚合物类和其他类碳源是区分土壤调理剂施用量的敏感碳源。③土壤微生物群落功能多样性指数结果显示,T2处理的均一性指数最高,较对照提高了82.85%,而各处理间的丰富度指数与优势度指数差异不显著。由此可见,施用土壤调理剂可显著提高植烟土壤微生物碳代谢强度、群落功能多样性,3 000 kg /hm~2的施用量表现最优。上述结果为植烟土壤中土壤调理剂的施用提供一定的理论依据。

语种： 中文

作者： Tao, Jiemeng;Meng, Delong;Qin, Chong;Liu, Xueduan;Liang, Yili;...

期刊： Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2018年102(8):3805-3818 ISSN：0175-7598

通讯作者： Yin, Huaqun;Li, Juan

作者机构： [Qin, Chong; Meng, Delong; Liu, Xueduan; Yin, Huaqun; Liang, Yili; Tao, Jiemeng; Gu, Yabing; Liu, Zhenghua] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Chong; Meng, Delong; Liu, Xueduan; Yin, Huaqun; Liang, Yili; Gu, Yabing; Liu, Zhenghua] Cent S Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomet, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Yunhua; Li, Juan; Tao, Jiemeng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yin, Huaqun] C;[Li, Juan] H;Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent S Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomet, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Green manures;Microbial networks;Microbial interactions;Keystone species;Maize yield

摘要： Microbes play a critical role in soil global biogeochemical circulation and microbe–microbe interactions have also evoked enormous interests in recent years. Utilization of green manures can stimulate microbial activity and affect microbial composition and diversity. However, few studies focus on the microbial interactions or detect the key functional members in communities. With the advances of metagenomic technologies, network analysis has been used as a powerful tool to detect robust interactions between microbial members. Here, random matrix theory-based network analysis was used to investigate the microbial networks in response to four different green manure fertilization regimes (Vicia villosa, common vetch, milk vetch, and radish) over two growth cycles from October 2012 to September 2014. The results showed that the topological properties of microbial networks were dramatically altered by green manure fertilization. Microbial network under milk vetch amendment showed substantially more intense complexity and interactions than other fertilization systems, indicating that milk vetch provided a favorable condition for microbial interactions and niche sharing. The shift of microbial interactions could be attributed to the changes in some major soil traits and the interactions might be correlated to plant growth and production. With the stimuli of green manures, positive interactions predominated the network eventually and the network complexity was in consistency with maize productivity, which suggested that the complex soil microbial networks might benefit to plants rather than simple ones, because complex networks would hold strong the ability to cope with environment changes or suppress soil-borne pathogen infection on plants. In addition, network analyses discerned some putative keystone taxa and seven of them had directly positive interactions with maize yield, which suggested their important roles in maintaining environmental functions and in improving plant growth. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

语种： 英文

作者： 胡瑞文;黎娟;向德明;周清明;张黎明;...

期刊： 云南农业大学学报(自然科学),2018年33(3):520-528 ISSN：1004-390X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南省烟草公司湘西州公司, 湖南, 吉首, 416000;[胡瑞文; 黎娟; 周清明; 李强] 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[向德明; 张黎明; 田峰; 田茂成] 湖南省烟草公司湘西州公司, 湖南, 吉首, 416000

关键词： 植烟土壤;肥力;适宜性评价;空间分布

摘要： 【目的】为了解花垣县植烟土壤肥力水平,为花垣烟区科学施肥提供建议。【方法】采用GPS技术在花垣烟区采集160个土壤样本,测定其养分含量,在GIS技术和地统计学的基础上运用模糊数学方法计算土壤肥力适宜性指数（SFI值）,对花垣烟区土壤肥力适宜性进行综合评价并分析其影响因素。【结果】（1）花垣植烟土壤碱解氮、交换性钙和交换性镁含量适宜,有效磷和有效硫含量极高,速效钾含量丰富,全氮和有机质含量偏高,而土壤p H值偏低,氯离子含量极低。（2）土壤SFI均值为0.58,土壤肥力状况一般,各乡镇土壤肥力适宜性表现出雅桥>道二>麻栗场>雅酉>排碧>长乐>花垣乡>排料>补抽>董马库>吉卫的趋势。（3）花垣烟区植烟土壤肥力水平表现为优的区域极少,仅占0.18%,表现为良的区域占14.77%,表现为中等的区域占30.62%,表现为一般的区域占44.52%,表现为差的区域占9.91%。（4）前茬作物为烟草和玉米的土壤SFI值显著大于前茬作物为水稻的,不同前作的植烟土壤在养分含量上有明显的差异。（5）SFI值表现出随着海拔的升高而变小的趋势。【结论】花垣烟区植烟土壤基本适宜烤烟的生产。针对研究区域不同乡镇的植烟土壤养分状况与土壤肥力特征,建议全县合理控制氮的施肥量、提高磷肥的利用率和施用含氯钾肥。对土壤酸化的乡镇,如排碧、董马库和花垣乡,建议施用石灰、白云石或其他碱性肥料对其土壤进行定向改良。

语种： 中文

作者： Li, Xiaoqi;Meng, Delong;Li, Juan;Yin, Huaqun;Liu, Hongwei;...

期刊： Environmental Pollution,2017年231(Dec. Pt.1):908-917 ISSN：0269-7491

通讯作者： Yan, Mingli

作者机构： [Li, Xiaoqi; Liu, Hongwei; Meng, Delong; Yin, Huaqun; Liu, Xueduan; Xiao, Yunhua; Liu, Zhenghua] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xiaoqi; Liu, Hongwei; Meng, Delong; Yin, Huaqun; Liu, Xueduan; Xiao, Yunhua; Liu, Zhenghua] Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomet, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, Cheng; Yan, Mingli] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Life Sci, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Meng, Delong] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland.

通讯机构： [Yan, Mingli] H;Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Life Sci, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Microbial community;Molecular ecological networks;Heavy metal contamination;Microbial interactions

摘要： Due to the persistence of metals in the ecosystem and their threat to all living organisms, effects of heavy metal on soil microbial communities were widely studied. However, little was known about the interactions among microorganisms in heavy metal-contaminated soils. In the present study, microbial communities in Non (CON), moderately (CL) and severely (CH) contaminated soils were investigated through high-throughput Illumina sequencing of 16s rRNA gene amplicons, and networks were constructed to show the interactions among microbes. Results showed that the microbial community composition was significantly, while the microbial diversity was not significantly affected by heavy metal contamination. Bacteria showed various response to heavy metals. Bacteria that positively correlated with Cd, e.g. Acidobacteria_Gp and Proteobacteria_thiobacillus, had more links between nodes and more positive interactions among microbes in CL- and CH-networks, while bacteria that negatively correlated with Cd, e.g. Longilinea, Gp2 and Gp4 had fewer network links and more negative interactions in CL and CH-networks. Unlike bacteria, members of the archaeal domain, i.e. phyla Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, class Thermoprotei and order Thermoplasmatales showed only positive correlation with Cd and had more network interactions in CH-networks. The present study indicated that (i) the microbial community composition, as well as network interactions was shift to strengthen adaptability of microorganisms to heavy metal contamination, (ii) archaea were resistant to heavy metal contamination and may contribute to the adaption to heavy metals. It was proposed that the contribution might be achieved either by improving environment conditions or by cooperative interactions. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

语种： 英文

作者： 张雨薇;裴晓东;黎娟;周清明;易镇邪

期刊： 作物研究,2017年31(1):59-65 ISSN：1001-5280

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;长沙市烟草公司浏阳分公司,湖南浏阳,410300;[易镇邪; 黎娟; 周清明; 张雨薇] 湖南农业大学;[裴晓东] 湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司

关键词： 烤烟;施氮量;移栽密度;产量;质量;耦合效应

摘要： 为探讨施氮量与密度对浏阳烤烟经济性状与烟叶品质的耦合效应，在3个施氮量（A1：150 kg／hm2、A2：180 kg／hm2、A3：210 kg／hm2）和3个密度（B1：15000株／hm2、B2：16500株／hm2、B3：18000株／hm2）下开展了大田试验。结果表明：（1）本试验条件下，烟叶产量与产值均随施氮量和密度增大表现先增后降趋势，以 A2B2、A2B3处理对产量与产值的耦合效应最佳；（2）施氮量与密度明显影响烤后烟叶物理性状，A3B1处理单叶重最大，A2B1和 A2B2处理烟叶含梗率最低；（3）烤后烟叶外观质量受密度影响小，受施氮量影响较大，A2处理烤后烟叶外观质量最好；（4）施氮量与密度耦合对烤后烟叶化学成分及其协调性影响显著，综合烟碱、钾含量以及化学成分协调性指标，中部烟叶以 A2B3处理化学品质最好，上部烟叶以 A2B2处理化学品质最好。综合来看，施氮量180 kg／hm2和密度16500-18000株／hm2对浏阳烟区烤烟产量、产值和烟叶品质的耦合效应最佳。

语种： 中文

作者： Yang, Hongwu;Li, Juan;Xiao, Yunhua;Gu, Yabing;Liu, Hongwei;...

期刊： Frontiers in Microbiology,2017年8(NOV):2179 ISSN：1664-302X

通讯作者： Meng, Delong;Yin, Huaqun

作者机构： [Xiao, Yunhua; Yang, Hongwu; Li, Juan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Hongwei; Meng, Delong; Liu, Xueduan; Yin, Huaqun; Xiao, Yunhua; Liang, Yili; Meng, DL; Hu, Jin; Gu, Yabing] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Hongwei; Meng, Delong; Liu, Xueduan; Yin, Huaqun; Xiao, Yunhua; Liang, Yili; Meng, DL; Hu, Jin; Gu, Yabing] Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomet, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Meng, DL; Yin, HQ] C;[Meng, DL; Yin, HQ] M;Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomet, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： microbial community composition;molecular ecology networks;plant health;soil microbial community;tobacco wilt disease

摘要： The soil microbial communities play an important role in plant health, however, the relationship between the below-ground microbiome and above-ground plant health remains unclear. To reveal such a relationship, we analyzed soil microbial communities through sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons from 15 different tobacco fields with different levels of wilt disease in the central south part of China. We found that plant health was related to the soil microbial diversity as plants may benefit from the diverse microbial communities. Also, those 15 fields were grouped into 'healthy' and 'infected' samples based upon soil microbial community composition analyses such as unweighted paired-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) and principle component analysis, and furthermore, molecular ecological network analysis indicated that some potential plant-beneficial microbial groups, e.g., Bacillus and Actinobacteria could act as network key taxa, thus reducing the chance of plant soil-borne pathogen invasion. In addition, we propose that a more complex soil ecology network may help suppress tobacco wilt, which was also consistent with highly diversity and composition with plant-beneficial microbial groups. This study provides new insights into our understanding the relationship between the soil microbiome and plant health. © 2017 Yang, Li, Xiao, Gu, Liu, Liang, Liu, Hu, Meng and Yin.

语种： 英文

作者： 刘卉;周清明;刘勇军;黎娟;张黎明;...

期刊： 中国农业科技导报,2017年19(10):73-81 ISSN：1008-0864

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省烟草科学研究所, 长沙, 410000;湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司, 湖南, 吉首, 416000;[刘卉; 周清明; 黎娟] 湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙, 410128;[刘勇军] 湖南省烟草科学研究所, 长沙, 410000

关键词： 烤烟;生物炭;偏最小二乘路径模型;烟叶质量

摘要： 为了改善烟叶质量,探讨最适宜的生物炭施用量,系统阐明生物炭对烤烟生长及烟叶质量的影响。以云烟87为试验材料,通过田间试验研究了3种不同生物炭施用量(3 000 kg /hm~2、3 750 kg /hm~2、4 500 kg /hm~2)对烤烟生长及烟叶质量的影响,并利用R语言构建了偏最小二乘路径模型。结果表明:施用生物炭能显著降低烤烟黑胫病发病率及病害指数,较低水平的生物炭施用水平能促进烤烟生育前期的生长及根系发育,协调烟叶化学成分;生物炭施用量过高时对烟叶质量产生负面影响。偏最小二乘路径模型明确了施用生物炭后烤烟生长及烟叶质量各指标之间的关系,系统地阐明了生物炭促进烤烟生长及烟叶质量的作用机制。综合来看,最适宜的生物炭施用量为3 750 kg /hm~2。

语种： 中文

作者： Sun, Fengming;Fan, Guangyi;Hu, Qiong;Zhou, Yongming;Guan, Mei;...

期刊： PLANT JOURNAL,2017年92(3):452-468 ISSN：0960-7412

通讯作者： Chalhoub, Boulos(chalhoub@evry.inra.fr)

作者机构： [Wang, Xinfa; Wang, Hanzhong; Dong, Caihua; Tong, Chaobo; Liu, Shengyi; Hu, Qiong; Sun, Fengming; Mei, Desheng; Hu, Zhiyong; Yu, Jingyin; Huang, Shunmou; Li, Jun; Shi, Jiaqin; Hua, Wei] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Oil Crops Res Inst, Minist Agr PRC, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Shi, Chengcheng; Xu, Xun; Liang, Xinming; Chen, Wenbin; Huang, Guodong; Wang, Jiahao; Wang, Xi; Zhang, He; Fan, Guangyi; Li, Liangwei; Zeng, Peng; Zhang, Yaolei; Liu, Weiqing; Liu, Xin] Beijing Genome Inst Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Kede; Meng, Jinling; Long, Yan; Zhou, Yongming] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chunyun; Guan, Mei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chalhoub, Boulos] OEPG, UMR1165, URGV, INRA, 2 Rue Gaston Cremieux, F-91057 Evry, France.

通讯机构： [Boulos Chalhoub] I;[Wei Hua; Hanzhong Wang] T;Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale (URGV), UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes (OEPG), 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France<&wdkj&>The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of the PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062 China

关键词： Brassica napus;allotetraploid;genome;homoeolog;introgression;next-generation sequencing technologies;polyploid;subgenome;ZS11

摘要： Allotetraploid oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an agriculturally important crop. Cultivation and breeding of B. napus by humans has resulted in numerous genetically diverse morphotypes with optimized agronomic traits and ecophysiological adaptation. To further understand the genetic basis of diversification and adaptation, we report a draft genome of an Asian semi-winter oilseed rape cultivar 'ZS11' and its comprehensive genomic comparison with the genomes of the winter-type cultivar 'Darmor-bzh' as well as two progenitors. The integrated BAC-to-BAC and whole-genome shotgun sequencing strategies were effective in the assembly of repetitive regions (especially young long terminal repeats) and resulted in a high-quality genome assembly of B. napus 'ZS11'. Within a short evolutionary period (similar to 6700years ago), semi-winter-type 'ZS11' and the winter-type 'Darmor-bzh' maintained highly genomic collinearity. Even so, certain genetic differences were also detected in two morphotypes. Relative to Darmor-bzh', both two subgenomes of 'ZS11' are closely related to its progenitors, and the 'ZS11' genome harbored several specific segmental homoeologous exchanges (HEs). Furthermore, the semi-winter-type 'ZS11' underwent potential genomic introgressions with B. rapa (A(r)). Some of these genetic differences were associated with key agronomic traits. A key gene of A03.FLC3 regulating vernalization-responsive flowering time in 'ZS11' was first experienced HE, and then underwent genomic introgression event with A(r), which potentially has led to genetic differences in controlling vernalization in the semi-winter types. Our observations improved our understanding of the genetic diversity of different B. napus morphotypes and the cultivation history of semi-winter oilseed rape in Asia. Significance Statement We generated a high-quality reference genome sequence of semi-winter Brassica napus. Our BAC-to-BAC strategy was effective in the assembly of repetitive regions. The main phenotypic difference between semi-winter and winter B. napus morphotypes is the vernalization requirement. Here, we found that a key gene controlling the vernalization-responsive flowering time was altered in the semi-winter type ZS11' through both homoeologous exchanges and genomic introgression with B. rapa.

语种： 英文

作者： 刘卉;周清明;黎娟

期刊： 中国农学通报,2017年33(32):53-57 ISSN：1000-6850

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院,长沙,410128;[黎娟; 刘卉; 周清明] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 秸秆还田;土壤改良;生长发育;产质量

摘要： 作物秸秆是一种农业可再生资源,含有大量作物生长所需的矿质元素,具有巨大的应用潜力。秸秆还田既可以缓解因秸秆废弃而带来的环境污染,实现资源的优化配置,又有助于改良土壤质量,促进作物生长。笔者介绍了秸秆还田的主要方法,结合近几年国内外秸秆还田技术的研究成果,从秸秆的主要成分,秸秆还田后对土壤理化性状、土壤微生物、作物生长发育及产质量的影响,秸秆还田配套施用技术和综合效果评价等方面综合阐述了秸秆还田的研究进展。研究结果可为综合利用秸秆还田技术与形成各产区配套的还田模式提供一定的参考依据。

语种： 中文