摘要：
The effect of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) supplementation on ileal digestibilities of nutrients and performance in broilers was assessed by feeding graded levels (0, 50, 100, 150 mg/kg) of COS. Two thousand four hundred male commercial Avian broilers (1-d-old) were assigned randomly to 5 dietary treatment groups (60 birds per pen with 8 pens per treatment). Diet A was a typical corn- and soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 6 mg/kg of an antibiotic flavomycin (positive control). Diet B was the basal diet without any supplement. Diets C, D, and E were formulated by adding 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of COS to the basal diet, respectively. On the morning of d 21 and 42, 64 birds (8 per pen with 8 pens per treatment) from the growth trial for each age group were killed by cervical dislocation for determination of the ileal digestibilities of nutrients. Dietary supplementation with COS and antibiotic enhanced (P < 0.05) the ileal digestibilities of DM, Ca, P, CP, and all amino acids (except for alanine in the 21-d-old birds or phenylalanine, glutamate, and glycine for the 42-d-old birds). Feed efficiency was improved (P < 0.05) in response to dietary supplementation of an antibiotic or COS (150 mg/kg for d 1 to 21, and 100 and 150 mg/kg for d 21 to 42). The results demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge that dietary COS supplementation was effective in increasing the ileal digestibilities of nutrients and feed efficiency in broilers. Our findings may explain a beneficial effect of COS on chicken growth performance.
作者：
Fang, R. J.;Wang, K. N.;Huang, C. H.;He, J. H.;Wang, J. R.;...
期刊：
Journal of Dairy Science,2005年88:166-166 ISSN：0022-0302
作者机构：
[Fang, R. J.; Huang, C. H.; Wang, J. R.; Yin, Y. L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Wang, K. N.] Sichuan Univ Agr, Yaan, Sichuan, Peoples R China;[He, J. H.] Hunan Agr Univ, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Fan, M. Z.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
会议名称：
Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications - ISPA 2005 Workshops, ISPA 2005 International Workshops AEPP, ASTD, BIOS, GCIC, IADS, MASN, SGCA, and WISA, Nanjing, China, November 2-5, 2005, Proceedings
摘要：
Along with high development of multimedia information technique, the provider of badness information embeds some badness information to image or directly saves as a image file, avoiding the filter of image, which brings extreme effect of security hidden trouble in society. An information audit system based on image content filtering is provided in this paper. At first, we discuss some basic method filtering physical badness image content, analyze some key technology of filtering image content, and mark as texture character by four eigenvectors: contrast, energy, entropy and correlation. Afterwards, we utilize dynamic programming method to segment image objects, and utilize similarity measurement to denote similarity degree of two character measures. At last, we give an example of identify yellow content, which distill the texture character of image and match it with defined character database. Our system can supervise and control badness information of physical badness image content, and realize automation audit of multimedia information.
摘要：
Complex toxic effects of Cd2+, Zn2+, and acid rain on growth of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) were studied in a pot experiment by measurement of fresh weights of the plants, determination of surperoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the plant organs, and observation of injury symptoms. The experimental results demonstrated that all treatments of Cd2+, Zn2+, and/or acid rain significantly decreased fresh weights of kidney bean and caused toxic effects on growth of the plants, especially higher amounts of Cd2+ and Zn2+ and higher acidity of acid rain. Combination of these three pollutant factors resulted in more serious toxic effects than any single pollutant and than combinations of any two pollutants. SOD, POD, and MDA in the plant organs changed with different pollution levels, but MDA content in the leaves showed the best relationship between the pollution levels and toxic effects.
摘要：
The objective of this research was to investigate the recycling of ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) used for the removal of trace metals from contaminated soils. We successfully used Na2S combined with Ca(OH)(2) to precipitate the trace metals allowing us to recycle the EDTA. The results of batch and column leaching experiments show that both Ca-EDTA and Na-EDTA are powerful chelating agents with a similar soil remediation potential. The major advantage of Ca-EDTA is the preservation of soil organic matter. We found that Na2S was capable of separating the metals Cd, Cu and Pb from EDTA; however, the precipitation of Zn required the addition of Ca(OH)(2). After reusing the reclaimed EDTA seven times, over a 14-day period, EDTA reagent losses ranged from 19.5% to 23.5%. Successive washing cycles enhanced the removal of trace metals from contaminated soils. The metal sulfide precipitates contain high concentrations of metals and could potentially be recycled. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
The host range of Bemisia tabaci (Westwood 1856) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Gennadius 1889) and their kind of host damage are reported briefly. So far, the bacterial symbionts, associated with the biological characters of whitefly species, and their particular influence on the evolution of the whitefly host, are not yet studied sufficiently. Here, the composition and genomes of prokaryotic symbionts associated with the whitefly species B tabaci (B biotype) and T vaporariorum were examined from material collected on corresponding host plant species and from the same geographical locations. The ultrastructures of the endosymbionts in B tabaci and T vaporariorum were examined by using transmission electron microscopy: There are differences in morphology and relative number of endosymbionts between B tabaci and T vaporariorum. B tabaci contains two morphological types of microorganisms housed within the mycetocyte cells, but T vaporariorum contains only one morphological type of microorganisms housed within the mycetocyte cells. The 16S rDNA and groEL of the endosymbionts in B tabaci and T vaporariorum were obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The 16S rDNAs and groEL of the endosymbionts in B tabaci and T vaporariorum are found to be different: Primary endosymbionts in B tabaci are Proteobacteria: Gammaproteobacteria: Oceanospirillales: Halomonadaceae: Zymobacter-group: Candidatus portiera aleyrodidarum, and secondary endosymbionts in B tabaci are Proteobacteria: Gammaproteobacteria: Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae. The endosymbionts have important effects on B tabaci associated with its ecological distribution and the plant viral disease transmission. GroEL is very conservative. There is little difference among groEL from endosymbionts of B tabaci from different geographical origin. Amplification and comparison of 16S rDNA sequences revealed that a primary-like endosymbiont is associated with all whitefly samples examined.
通讯机构：
[Luo, ZY] C;Cent S Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Inst Mol Biol, Changsha 410078, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Aspergillus niger polysaccharide;elicitor;GBR6 mRNA expression;ginsenoside biosynthesis;ginsenoside biosynthesis candidate genes;mRNA differential expression;Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer
摘要：
To explore the mode of the spatio-temporal expression of six newly discovered ginsenoside biosynthesis candidate gene transcripts, both Northern blotting and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to elucidate the mRNA expression levels of the transcripts in various tissues and organs of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer during different growth development stages. The six gene transcripts were all differentially expressed in cultured callus, root, stem, leaf, and seed.The mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in four-year-old roots than in one-year-old roots, and results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR assays were in accordance with those of Northern blotting analyses.The results strongly suggest that all six genes were differentially expressed at root-specific developmental stages. In particular, when a quiescent early stage culture suspension of P. ginseng cells was exposed to the ginsenoside biosynthesis-promoting elicitor Aspergillus niger polysaccharide, the GBR6 gene transcript response showed time-dependent increments and was parallel with ginsenoside productivity (P ＜ 0.01).Overexpression of the GBR6 gene is likely to play a critically important role in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides.The results of the present study provided a background for the further elucidation of the structure and physiological function of these six candidate genes.
期刊：
Computational and Theoretical Chemistry,2005年724(1-3):81-86 ISSN：2210-271X
通讯作者：
Zeng, Y
作者机构：
[Zeng, Y] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Chem Biol & Trad Chinese Med Res, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Chem, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Univ Arts & Sci, Dept Chem, Hunan 415000, Changde, Peoples R China.;Univ N Carolina, Dept Acad Technol & Networks, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, Y] H;Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Chem Biol & Trad Chinese Med Res, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
density functional calculations;hypophosphite;nickel;copper;adsorption
摘要：
Surface structures and electronic properties of hypophosphite, H2PO2-, molecularly adsorbed on Ni(111) and Cu(111) surfaces were investigated using B3LYP density functional theory. Geometry and orientation of H2PO2- were fully optimized on the metal clusters and six and four stable structures were obtained on Ni(111) and Cu(111) surfaces, respectively. The most stable structures were that H2PO2- is absorbed with its two P-O bonds in faced to the substrate surface and with 0 atoms in bridge sites. The adsorption energy was more larger on the Ni surface than on the Cu surface. The results of the Mulliken population analysis showed that the donation from lone pair of O atom in H2PO2- to substrate and the 4s back donation from substrate to H2PO2- sigma* play very important roles in the adsorption, and that the amounts of both donation and back donation were larger on the Ni surface than on the Cu surface. There were more negative Mulliken charge transfers from H2PO2- to substrate clusters on Ni substrate clusters than on Cu substrate clusters and were more positive Mulliken charges on P atom in Ni4H2PO2- than in Cu4H2PO2-, which means that P atom in Ni4H2PO2- are easily attacked by nucleophile such as OH-, and farther H2PO2- were more easily oxidated on Ni substrate than on Cu substrate. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
By using the continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory and Liapunov function, we obtain some sufficient criteria to ensure the existence and global exponential stability of periodic solution to the bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with periodic coefficients and continuously distributed delays. These results improve and generalize the works of papers [J. Cao, L. Wang, Phys. Rev. E 61 (2000) 1825] and [Z. Liu, A. Chen, J. Cao, L. Huang, IEEE Trans. Circuits Systems 150 (2003) 1162]. An example is given to illustrate that the criteria are feasible. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
