摘要：
Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, T-2 toxin was injected intraperitoneally in mice to establish kidney damage model and to evaluate the protective effects of BA and further reveal the molecular mechanism. BA pretreatment inhibited the T-2 toxin-stimulated increase in serum Crea, but showed no significant effect on serum Urea. BA pretreatment alleviated excessive glomerular hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration in kidneys caused by T-2 toxin. Moreover, pretreatment with BA mitigated T-2 toxin-induced renal oxidative damage by up-regulating the activities of SOD and CAT, and the content of GSH, while down-regulating the accumulation of ROS and MDA. Meanwhile, BA pretreatment markedly attenuated T-2 toxin-induced renal inflammatory response by decreasing the mRNA expression of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and IL-10, and increasing IL-6 mRNA expression. Furthermore, mechanism research found that pretreatment with BA could activate Nrf2 signaling pathway. It was suggested that BA ameliorated the oxidative stress and inflammatory response of T-2 toxin-triggered renal damage by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
期刊：
International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education,2021年 ISSN：0020-7209
作者机构：
[Guan, Mengqi; Li, Liqing; Liu, Zixuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Publ Management & Law Coll, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Population characteristics;health costs;panel smooth transformation model;threshold value
摘要：
International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education, Ahead of Print. <br/>In order to study the dynamic influence mechanism of population characteristics on health expenses, the panel data of 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2009 to 2016 were used to construct panel smooth transformation model with population characteristics as heterogeneous variables for empirical analysis. The results show that the population number, population structure and population distribution have significant nonlinear effects on per capita health expenses, and the threshold values of population number, population structure and population distribution are 24.6686 million people, 6.9928%, 40.707%. When the threshold is crossed, The effect of population size on per capita health costs is reduced smoothly, The effect of population structure and population distribution on per capita health cost changed from inhibition to promotion.Therefore, according to the relationship between current population characteristics and health expenses, all regions should optimize the structure of health expenses expenditure, improve the level of health services, especially expand the scale of education and training of targeted rural medical students, strengthen the education and training of rural doctors, in order to narrow the difference between urban and rural diagnosis and treatment level.
通讯机构：
[Jielin Duan] S;[Jie Yin] C;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China<&wdkj&>College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University;Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
摘要：
Glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartic acid (Asp) are acidic amino acids with regulatory roles in nutrition, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low-protein diets supplemented with Glu and Asp on the intestinal barrier function and energy metabolism in weaned piglets challenged with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Forty piglets were randomly divided into 5 groups: NC, PC, PGA, PG, and PA (n = 8 for each group). Pigs in the NC and PC groups were fed a low-protein diet, while pigs in the PGA, PG, or PA groups were fed the low-protein diet supplemented with 2.0% Glu +1.0% Asp, 2.0% Glu, or 1.0% Asp, respectively. On day 8 and 11, pigs in the NC group were intraperitoneally injected with saline (1 mL/kg BW), while pigs in the other groups were intraperitoneally administered 10% H2O2 (1 mL/kg BW). On day 14, all pigs were sacrificed to collect jejunum and ileum following the blood sample collection in the morning. Notably, low-protein diets supplemented with Glu or Asp ameliorated the intestinal oxidative stress response in H2O2-challenged piglets by decreasing intestinal expression of genes (P < 0.05) (e.g., manganese superoxide dismutase [MnSOD], glutathione peroxidase [Gpx]-1, and Gpx-4) encoding oxidative stress-associated proteins, reducing the serum concentration of diamine oxidase (P < 0.05), and inhibiting apoptosis of the intestinal epithelium. Glu and Asp supplementation attenuated the upregulated expression of energy metabolism-associated genes (such as hexokinase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1) and the H2O2-induced activation of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) in the jejunum and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinaseeacetyl-ACC signaling in the ileum. Dietary Glu and Asp also ameliorated intestinal barrier damage as indicated by restored intestinal histology and morphology. In conclusion, low-protein diets supplemented with Glu and Asp protected against oxidative stress-induced intestinal dysfunction in piglets, suggesting that this approach could be used as a nutritional regulatory protectant against oxidative stress. (C) 2021 Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
期刊：
Science of The Total Environment,2021年777:146038 ISSN：0048-9697
通讯作者：
Qiang Wang<&wdkj&>Yuan Yang
作者机构：
[Wei, Wen-Jing; Gao, Yu-Pei; Wang, Qiang; Li, Lei] Cent South Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Key Lab Hunan Prov Water Environm & Agr Prod Safe, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yuan; Zhou, Yao-Yu; Liu, Xin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Int Joint Lab Hunan Agr Typ Pollut Restorat & Wat, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Qiang Wang] K;[Yuan Yang] I;Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, PR China<&wdkj&>International Joint Laboratory of Hunan Agricultural Typical Pollution Restoration and Water Resources Safety Utilization, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
摘要：
Plants can absorb and accumulate engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) through water and soil, providing a potential way for nanoparticles to be enriched in humans through the food chain. In this paper, a combination of enzymatic digestion method and SP-ICP-MS analysis was used to quantitatively characterize the enriched AuNPs in mustard and lettuce plants. The results showed that Macerozyme R-10 enzyme can extract AuNPs from plants without obvious aggregation/dissolution. Both mustard and lettuce plants can absorb and enrich the complete AuNPs to the above-ground organs, and the particle number concentrations detected are 1.24 x 10(7) particles L-1 and 4.39 x 10(7) particles L-1, respectively. With different exposure level of AuNPs(0.5 mg L-1,), a particle number concentration of 2.32 x 107 particles L-1 was detected in the stems of lettuce plants, while the mustard failed to transport AuNPs to the above-ground organs. The transport efficiency of Au ions by plants is higher than that of AuNPs, and the plants have stronger bioavailability for ions. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词：
Fallowing cultivated land;Available cadmium;Microbial community;Life strategy;Soil health
摘要：
Fallowing is an improvement process aimed at promoting the soil health and the sustainability of cultivated land. How it affects the soil health-related abiotic properties and microbial community composition under different levels of cadmium (Cd) contamination is not well known. This study involved applying consistent fallowing practices to paddy soils of low and high Cd content, in order to examine changes in the soil Cd, nutrient, and microbial community using a high-throughput sequencing method. Fallowing significantly decreased available Cd and phosphorus (P) content, but increased ammonium nitrogen (N) on lightly contaminated plots, whereas only P variables changed significantly for heavily contaminated plots. Furthermore, fallowing significantly decreased bacterial Shannon diversity on lightly contaminated plots and altered bacterial community composition on heavily contaminated plots, but it had no impact on archaeal or fungal communities, indicating that bacteria are more sensitive to fallowing than archaea and fungi. Specifically, fallowing significantly promoted some copiotrophic bacteria (Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria) but suppressed some oligotrophic taxa (Chloroflexi phylum and OTU5837 belonging to the phylum Acidobacteria) on highly contaminated plots. Interestingly, the soil microbial community in the lightly contaminated plots was mainly affected by soil pH, C, and N properties, whereas on heavily contaminated plots, it was largely influenced by soil Cd and P variables. Overall, these findings showed that fallowing significantly improved soil N availability but decreased Cd availability in lightly contaminated conditions, while shifts in microbial community composition under heavily contaminated conditions may indirectly enhance soil nutrient availability and reduce available Cd. These findings highlight the significance of fallowing to promote the health and the sustainability of Cd-contaminated cultivated land.
作者机构：
[Chen, Zhonglin; Bi, Lanbo; Xu, Xiaotong; Wang, Binyuan; Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Huo, Xiaoyu; Kang, Jing; Shen, Jimin; Zhao, Shengxin] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Urban Water Resource & Environm, Harbin 150090, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jianwei] Northeast Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Environm Protect Key Lab Wetland Ecol & Veg, Changchun 130117, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Yaoyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Chu, Wei] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhonglin Chen] S;[Wei Chu] D;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
摘要：
In this investigation, raw water (RW), settled water (SW), and filtered water (FW) collected from a drinking water treatment plant were fractionated into 24 natural organic matter (NOM) fractions with varying molecular weights and hydrophobicity. The yields of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) obtained during the chlorination of the NOM fractions were explored. Results revealed that the 0-1 kDa, 5-10 kDa, and hydrophobic DBP precursors dominated RW. Hydrophobic fractions cannot be effectively removed, which contributed to the high DBP precursors remaining in the FW. The optional optical parameters, including UVA (UV340, UV360, and UV380), UVB (UV280, UV300, and UV310), and UVC (UV254, UV260, and UV272), were analyzed to determine the DBP yields during chlorination of different NOM fractions. Results revealed that UVC could be applied to indicate the regulated DBP yields of the humified precursors. Contrary to the generally accepted view, for biologically derived precursors, their regulated DBPs and dichloroacetonitrile correlated better with UVA (e.g. UV340). Moreover, PARAFAC analysis was applied to decompose an array of 24 EEM spectra. Good linear correlations were found between the PARAFAC components and most DBP yields. Furthermore, four fluorescence parameters were proposed via a modified fluorescence picking method, which can serve as excellent surrogates of PARAFAC components. These fluorescence parameters were found to be effective in indicating most DBP yields. Finally, the fluorescence intensity at excitation wavelength/emission wavelength = 310/416 nm was found to be a promising built-in parameter for the real-time monitoring of DBP precursors, regardless of the humification degree of the precursors. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
[Zeng-Yu Wang; Lili Cong] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Grassland Science, Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China<&wdkj&>College of Grassland Science, Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
摘要：
AbstractThe legume plant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a widely cultivated perennial forage due to its high protein content, palatability, and strong adaptability to diverse agro-ecological zones. Alfalfa is a self-incompatible cross-pollinated autotetraploid species with tetrasomic inheritance. Therefore, maintaining excellent traits through seed reproduction is a prime challenge in alfalfa. However, the cutting propagation technology could enable consistent multiplication of quality plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant. The current study aimed to develop a simple, cost-effective, reproducible, and efficient hydroponic cutting method to preserve alfalfa plants and for molecular research. In this study, alfalfa landrace ‘Wudi’ was grown in hydroponics for 30days and used as source material for cuttings. The top, middle and bottom sections of its stem were used as cuttings. The rooting rate, root length, and stem height of the different stem sections were compared to determine the best segment for alfalfa propagation in four nutrient treatments (HM, HM + 1/500H, HM + 1/1000H and d HM + 1/2000H). After 21days of culture, the rooting rates of all the three stem types under four cutting nutrient solutions were above 78%. The rooting rate of the middle and bottom parts in HM + 1/1000 H and HM + 1/2000 H nutrient solutions reached more than 93%, with a higher health survey score (> 4.70). In conclusion, this study developed a de novo cutting propagation method that can be used to conserve and propagate germplasm in breeding programs and research. This method is a new report on the cutting propagation of alfalfa by hydroponics, which could supplement the existing cutting propagation methods.
摘要：
The construction industry plays an important role in China's industrialization and urbanization process, which has become a major contributor to carbon emission in China. We innovatively use carbon footprint as an indicator of undesirable output in evaluating the construction industry since it captures both direct and indirect carbon emission. Then we conduct a comprehensive analysis of eco-efficiency of this industry under the framework of natural disposability and managerial disposability with a new radial DEA model on considering both desirable and undesirable outputs. We have several important findings. First, non-metallic mineral products, metal smelting and calendering, electricity and heat production, and supply are major drives from the perspective of the industrial chain. And the carbon footprint is mainly caused by capital formation from the final demand perspective. Second, most regions have a relatively lower eco-efficiency due to weak awareness of environmental protection, and there is a large emission reduction potential by eco-technology innovation. Finally, developed regions prefer to adopt the strategy of increasing investment in eco-technology innovation. The other regions generally adopted the strategy of reducing all inputs. The government should strengthen environment regulation and encourage the developing regions to increase investment in eco-technology innovation.
摘要：
Rice ratooning, or the production of a second rice crop from stubble after the harvest of the main crop, is considered to be a green and resource-efficient rice production system. The present study was conducted to examine variance in amylose content (AC), grain morphology, crystal structure, and thermal properties of starch between main- and ratoon-season rice of seven varieties. Ratoon-season rice grains had higher ACs and significantly lower transition gelatinization temperatures (To, Tp, and Tc) than did main-season rice grains. The relative crystallinity and lamellar peak intensity of ratoon-season rice starch were 7.89% and 20.38% lower, respectively, than those of main-season rice starch. In addition, smaller granules with smoother surfaces and lower thermal parameters were observed in the starch of ratoon-season rice. The relative crystallinity and lamellar peak intensity of starch correlated negatively with the AC and positively with transition gelatinization temperatures. These results suggest that the superior cooking quality of ratoon-season rice is attributable to the moderate increase of grain AC, which reduces the relative crystallinity, weakens the crystal structure, and lead to a decrease in the gelatinization temperature.
作者机构：
[Zhong, Huan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Yi] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Engn Res Ctr Polyploid Fish Reprod & Breeding, State Key Lab Dev Biol Freshwater Fish,State Educ, Lushan Rd 36, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Qian; Yan, Jinpeng] Cent South Univ, Sch Life Sci, Dept Cell Biol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Jun; Guo, Zhongbao; Tang, Zhanyang; Luo, Yongju; Zhang, Xiaojin] Guangxi Acad Fishery Sci, Guangxi Tilapia Genet Breeding Ctr, Nanning, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Hong] Beibu Gulf Univ, Guangxi Key Lab Beibu Gulf Marine Biodivers Conse, Qinzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yi Zhou] S;State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Huang, Lihua] L;[Jiang, Huidan] H;Linyi Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Shandong Prov Key Lab Water & Soil Conservat & En, Linyi, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Biotechnol Res Inst, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cd speciation;Response characteristic;soil depth;Cd-contaminated paddy;microbial community
摘要：
Cadmium (Cd) speciation ratio in arable land determines the Cd exposure risk and Cd uptake in crops. However, the driving mechanisms of Cd speciation change on the vertical scale of paddy fields remain poorly understood. In this study, the effects of plow layer and plow pan on Cd speciation distribution were investigated in a long-term Cd-contaminated rice ecosystem. The Cd accumulative effect within rice grain was enhanced with high levels of activated Cd speciation ratios in soils. Activated Cd speciation ratios were higher in plow layer soils, while stabilized Cd speciation ratios were elevated in plow pan soils. Soil physicochemical properties and soil microbes synergistically affected the Cd speciation changes in different ways between the two soil layers. Soil pH and organic elements in plow layer environment directly hindered the transformation of stabilized Cd speciation, while in plow pan environment, soil pH and organic elements indirectly decreased activated Cd speciation ratios and resulted in the accumulation of stabilized Cd speciation via regulating the predominant bacterial taxa. This study will improve our understanding of how soil environments regulate Cd speciation distributions in rice ecosystems and help to seek effective remediation methods of Cd-contaminated paddy fields to reduce the Cd accumulation in rice.
通讯机构：
[Yu Zheng] S;[Pao Li] C;School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
关键词：
near-infrared spectroscopy;nondestructive analysis;pick the best of the best;poria cocos;principal component analysis
作者机构：
[Qin, Tianyu; Heber, David; Henning, Susanne M.; Huang, Jianjun; Pan, Yajing; Yang, Jieping; Wang, Sijia; Wang, Jing; Li, Zhaoping] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.;[Wang, Jing] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Sijia] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Pharmaceut Sci & Collaborat Innovat, Ctr Yangtze River Delta Reg Green Pharmaceut, Hangzhou 310014, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Tianyu; Pan, Yajing] Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Minist Educ, Key Lab Hlth Cultivat, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.;[Tseng, Chi-Hong] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Stat Core, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
关键词：
human study;inflammatory markers;mixed tree nuts;weight loss;weight maintenance
摘要：
Mixed tree nuts (MTNs) are an excellent source of protein and healthy fat contributing to satiety. However, their relatively high caloric content might not be beneficial in a weight loss diet. The present study was designed to test whether including MTNs in a weight loss and maintenance program interferes with weight management compared to a refined carbohydrate pretzel snack (PS). We performed a randomized, controlled, two-arm study in 95 overweight individuals consuming 1.5 oz of MTNs or PS daily as part of a hypocaloric weight loss diet (-500 kcal) over 12 weeks followed by an isocaloric weight maintenance program for 12 weeks. Participants in both groups experienced significant weight loss (12 weeks: -1.6 and -1.9 and 24 weeks: -1.5 and -1.4 kg) compared to baseline in the MTN and PS groups, respectively. However, there was no difference in weight loss and other outcome parameters between the MTN and PS groups. The MTN group showed a significant increase in satiety at 24 weeks. Both groups had a decrease in diastolic blood pressure at 12 weeks. Participants in the MTN group showed significant decreases in heart rate at 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Plasma oleic acid was significantly increased at 12 and 24 weeks in the MTN group but only at 12 weeks in the PS group. Plasma MCP-1 was decreased significantly in the MTN group at 4 weeks. In summary, participants in both groups lost weight, but only the MTN intervention increased satiety at 24 weeks, enhanced retention, decreased heart rate, and increased serum oleic acid at 24 weeks.
摘要：
Tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) are a group of cytokines that play critical roles in regulating a diverse range of physiological processes in vertebrates. TNFs function by activating a large number of structurally related receptors, leading to TNF mediated biological processes which are evolutionarily conserved. Fish have a much diversified TNF family, partly due to the whole genome duplication events which have occurred in this lineage, providing an excellent model to investigate the neo- and sub-functionalised properties of TNF superfamily. Fish possess most of the TNFs and receptors found in mammals and also some homologues exclusively present in fish. It seems that TNFSF4 (OX40), TNFSF7 (CD27) and TNFSF8 (CD30) and their cognate receptors are absent in teleosts. It has been shown that fish viruses are able to produce TNFR homologues to establish infection by manipulating the host immune system. Understanding the roles of TNFSFs in fish immune defence and the pathogenesis of fish diseases will provide insights into the functions of TNFSFs from an evolutionary perspective and better strategies for improving fish health and welfare in aquaculture. This review summarises recent advances in the study offish TNF biology and focuses on the molecular properties and immunological functions of the TNF and TNFR superfamily.
通讯机构：
[Xiaogang Li] C;College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Changsha, China
关键词：
Quintrione;UHPLC-MS/MS;dissipation rate;residue;rice paddy field
摘要：
A rapid and sensitive method for the identification and quantification of quintrione residue in brown rice, rice husk, and rice straw matrices was developed and validated. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified with octadecylsilane (C18) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) sorbents, and quantified using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The developed method exhibited excellent linearity (R(2) ≥ 0.9988), and the limit of quantitation was 2 μg/kg in all matrices. The method also had outstanding trueness and recoveries (90.5-111.1%) at four spiked levels (2, 20, 200, and 2000 μg/kg) with intraday and interday precisions of 0.7-6.5% and 5.2-11.8%, respectively, in the three matrices. The applicability of the method was tested by determining the dissipation rate of quintrione in rice straw under field conditions, and the measured data fit the Hockey stick kinetic model with R(2) values of 0.9349-0.9983. The half-lives of quintrione in rice straw ranged from 2.7 to 16.5 days. The results indicate that the method is effective and reliable for the detection of quintrione residue in rice paddy fields, and the dissipation data provide guidance for the safe application of quintrione.
摘要：
In this paper, we investigate a class of fractional-order gene regulatory networks with time-varying delays and structured uncertainties (UDFGRNs). First, we deduce the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium for the UDFGRNs by using the contraction mapping principle. Next, we derive a novel global uniform asymptotic stability criterion of the UDFGRNs by using a Lyapunov function and the Razumikhin technique, and the conditions relating to the criterion depend on the fractional order of the UDFGRNs. Finally, we provide two numerical simulation examples to demonstrate the correctness and usefulness of the novel stability conditions. One of the most interesting findings is that the structured uncertainties indeed have an impact on the stability of the system.
通讯机构：
[Maisheng Wu] B;[Yinglin Peng] H;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, Hunan 411104, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Institute of Animal & Veterinary Science, Changsha, Hunan 410131, PR China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Conservation and Genetic Analysis of Local Pig Breed Germplasm Resources, Changsha, Hunan 410131, PR China<&wdkj&>College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
关键词：
Shaziling pigs;Crossbreeds;Growth performance;Carcass characteristics;Meat quality;Muscle chemical composition
摘要：
The Shaziling pig, an indigenous breed reared in Hunan province in China, is characterized by good meat quality and strong ability of resistance for general diseases. The objective of this study was to compare properties of growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and chemical composition among purebred Shaziling, Berkshire, Yorkshire pigs and their crossbreeds Yorkshire × (Berkshire × Shaziling) (Y × (B × S)), Berkshire × (Yorkshire × Shaziling) (B × (Y × S)) pigs. The results showed that Shaziling pigs had lower average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.01) and higher ratio of Feed/Gain (P < 0.01) than other groups. In contrast, the crossbreeds Y × (B × S) and B × (Y × S) both exhibited faster growth rate and superior carcass characteristics. In particular, the growth performance and carcass traits of Y × (B × S) pigs were very close to the lean-type Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, including ADG, dressing percentage, loin-eye area and lean percentage. Meanwhile, the parameters associated with meat quality were assigned a normal quality class in all breeds, such as pH, meat color, and drip loss. Furthermore, both crossbreeds had desirable chemical composition, as demonstrated by moderate IMF and abundant mineral elements, SFAs, MUFAs, EAAs, and FAAs. Taken together, the crossbreed of Y × (B × S) is preferably suited for commercial production to provide high tasted quality niche products.
