关键词：
CDK1;cell cycle;cyclin B;Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h;SeFB cell line
摘要：
Ascoviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that are pathogenic to noctuid larvae. In vitro infection causes the cells to fail to replicate and proliferate normally. However, the molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this study, the transmission electron microscopydata of infected-Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) fat body cells (SeFB, IOZCAS-SpexII-A cells) showed that virions were internalized in phagocytic vesicles, but not in the nucleus. FACS of cell-cycle progression was performed in SeFB cells infected with Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h). The cell cycle phase distributions of the SeFB cells were G(1) = 29.52 ± 1.10%, S = 30.33 ± 1.19%, and G(2) /M = 40.06 ± 0.75%. The cell culture doubling time was approximately 24 h. The G(1) , S, and G(2) /M phases were each approximately 8 h. The unsynchronized or synchronized cells were arrested at G(2) /M phase after infection with HvAV-3h. Our data also showed that cells with more than 4N DNA content appeared in the HvAV-3h-treated group. While the mRNA levels of cyclin B(1) , cyclin H, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) were downregulated after HvAV-3h infection, the mRNA expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin D, and cyclin B(2) were not significantly changed. Western blotting results showed that the expression of cyclin B(1) and CDK1 in infected SeFB cells within 24 h postinfection(hpi), and HvAV-3h infection inhibited the expression of cyclin B(1) and CDK1 at 12-24 hpi. Overall, these data implied that HvAV-3h infection leads to an accumulation of cells in the G(2) /M phases by downregulating the expression of cyclin B(1) and CDK1.
作者：
Zhu, Jun Zi*;Ma, Ya-ming;Wang, Xiao Li*;Zhong, Jie*;Zhang, Zhuo*;...
期刊：
PLANT DISEASE,2022年106(9):2531 ISSN：0191-2917
通讯作者：
Zhu, Jun Zi;Ma, Ya-Ming;Wang, Xiao Li;Zhong, Jie;Zhang, Zhuo;Li, Xiao Gang
作者机构：
[Zhong, Jie; Zhu, Jun Zi; Li, Xiao Gang] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Ya-ming] Jinyun Plant Protect Stn, Lishui City 321400, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xiao Li] Technol Ctr Changsha Customs Dist, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhuo] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Plant Protect Inst, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jie Zhong; Zhuo Zhang; Xiao Gang Li] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China<&wdkj&>Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
摘要：
Aloe vera (L.) Burm f., which belongs to the family Aloaceae, is a perennial succulent plant and cultivated for its medicinal, cosmetic, vegetable and ornamental uses. In summer of 2021, about 15% (60 infected among 400 surveyed plants) of A. vera (A. barbadensis) plants in two gardens in Lishui, Zhejiang Province of China showed symptoms of southern blight disease. Symptomatic plants primarily exhibited slightly sunken water-soaked, dark brown lesions on taproot and basal part of the stems. As the disease progressed, leaves in the basal part of stems and subsequently the whole plant rotted and withered, with white mycelial mats occurring on infected stems and leaves. Numerous brown, spherical sclerotia were observed on the colonized tissues and soil surfaces around the infected plants. Mycelial fragments and sclerotia from symptomatic leaves were plated directly to potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 100 μg/ml streptomycin and incubated at 26°C in the dark. By hyphal-tip method, a total of five pure isolates were obtained from five diseased leaf samples. When cultured on PDA at 26°C for three days, colonies showed white and thick aerial mycelium, with a radial growth rate of 23.7 mm/day. Typical clamp connection structures were observed microscopically after three days and numerous globoid, rapeseed shape sclerotia, measuring 1 to 2 mm in diameter (n=50) formed after six days. These sclerotia were initially white and gradually turned dark brown with age. On the basis of morphological characteristics, the fungal isolates were identified as Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr (anamorph Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc) (Mordue 1974). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1) regions of a representative isolate LHBJ2-4 were amplified and sequenced using the primers ITS4/ITS5 (White et al. 1990) and EF1/EF2, respectively (accession no. MZ956758 and OL365370). BLASTn search showed that the amplified ITS and TEF1 sequences had 99.71% (680/682 bp) and 99.80% (498/499 bp) identity with the A. rolfsii isolates CBS 115.22 (MH854711.1) and Sr_286 (JF267815), respectively. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on the ITS sequences revealed that LHBJ2-4 clustered with A. rolfsii isolates. For pathogenicity test, three potted A. vera plants (~30 cm tall) were inoculated by placing a 0.5 cm mycelial plug of isolate LHBJ2-4 (three-day old) at the base of each A. vera plant. Three A. vera plants inoculated with sterile PDA plugs served as controls. All the inoculated plants were placed in a growth chamber at 27°C under a 12/12 h light/dark cycle. The inoculation assays were carried out twice. After 5 to 7 days, stem bases of the inoculated plants showed brown lesions that were similar to those observed in the field. However, control plants remained symptomless. Athelia rolfsii was re-isolated from all the inoculated plants and identified using morphological and molecular method described above, thus confirming Koch's postulates. Although A. rolfsii has been reported to cause disease on A. vera in India (Dubey and Pandey 2009), to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of A. rolfsii causing southern blight on A. vera in China. Because A. rolfsii has a wide host range and is difficult to control (Punja 1985), occurrence of southern blight in China might be a serious threat for A. vera production and appropriate management strategies should be developed to control this disease.
关键词：
rice;Meloidogyne graminicola;potassium sulphate;induced resistance;H_2O_2;callose;potassium channel and transporter
摘要：
Potassium (K), an important nutrient element, can improve the stress resistance/tolerance of crops. The application of K in resisting plant-parasitic nematodes shows that the K treatment can reduce the occurrence of nematode diseases and increase crop yield. However, data on K2SO4 induced rice resistance against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola are still lacking. In this work, K2SO4 treatment reduced galls and nematodes in rice plants and delayed the development of nematodes. Rather than affecting the attractiveness of roots to nematodes and the morphological phenotype of giant cells at feeding sites, such an effect is achieved by rapidly priming hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation and increasing callose deposition. Meanwhile, galls and nematodes in rice roots were more in the potassium channel OsAKT1 and transporter OsHAK5 gene-deficient plants than in wild-type, while the K2SO4-induced resistance showed weaker in the defective plants. In addition, during the process of nematode infection, the expression of jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET)/brassinolide (BR) signaling pathway-related genes and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes OsPR1a/OsPR1b was up-regulated in rice after K2SO4 treatment. In conclusion, K2SO4 induced rice resistance against M. graminicola. The mechanism of inducing resistance was to prime the basal defense and required the participation of the K+ channel and transporter in rice. These laid a foundation for further study on the mechanism of rice defense against nematodes and the rational use of potassium fertilizer on improving rice resistance against nematodes in the field.
通讯机构：
[Xiaogang Li] C;College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Community structure;Methane;Network;Thifluzamide
摘要：
Thifluzamide is an effective agent for controlling rice sheath blight and has a long half-life in soil. However, the effects of thifluzamide on the abundance of microbes harboring methane-cycle genes and soil microbial community assembly patterns are not well known. Thus, we conducted a three-month indoor mesocosm experiment to ascertain the effects of thifluzamide (0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg kg(-1) soil; 0.05 mg kg(-1) soil being recommended) on bacterial and archaeal community structure and on the abundance of methanogen genes using two typical paddy soils: sandy soil from Hangzhou (HZ) and loam sandy soil from Jiansanjiang (JSJ). The effects of thifluzamide on soil microorganisms were related to soil type. In JSJ loam sandy soil, thifluzamide significantly increased bacterial α diversity after 7-30 d and archaeal α diversity at 30 and 60 d. In HZ sandy soil, however, α diversity did not change significantly. Network analysis showed that thifluzamide-treated soils possessed more complex networks with more total nodes and links, a higher average degree of connectivity, and more keystone species. Thifluzamide application increased the number of keystone species associated with methane production in both types of paddy soil. A relatively greater number of modules were significantly negatively correlated with mcrA abundance in the HZ T10 network, but more modules were positively correlated with mcrA abundance in the JSJ T100 network. The half-life of thifluzamide varied for the different doses, i.e., from 152.0 to 419.6 d. The results reveal that methane-cycle genes, soil microbiome assembly, and interactions among microbial species all change in response to thifluzamide stress.
通讯机构：
[Hong Yue; Yuting Ma; Yubi Lin] T;The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China<&wdkj&>The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China<&wdkj&>Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Brugada syndrome (Brs) and long QT syndrome (LQTs) are the most observed "inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes" and "channelopathies", which lead to sudden cardiac death. METHODS: Detailed clinical information of Brs and LQTs patients was collected. Genomic DNA samples of peripheral blood were conducted for whole-exome sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Then, we performed bioinformatics analysis for 200 genes susceptible to arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies. Protein interaction and transcriptomic co-expression were analyzed using the online website and GTEx database. RESULTS: All sixteen cases of Brs and six cases of LQTs were enrolled in the current study. Four Brs carried known pathogenic or likely pathogenic of single-point mutations, including SCN5A p.R661W, SCN5A p.R965C, and KCNH2 p.R692Q. One Brs carried the heterozygous compound mutations of DSG2 p.F531C and SCN5A p.A1374S. Two Brs carried the novel heterozygous truncated mutations (MAF < 0.001) of NEBL (p.R882X) and NPPA (p.R107X), respectively. Except for the indirect interaction between NEBL and SCN5A, NPPA directly interacts with SCN5A. These gene expressions had a specific and significant positive correlation in myocardial tissue, with high degrees of co-expression and synergy. Two Brs carried MYH7 p.E1902Q and MYH6 p.R1820Q, which were predicted as "damaging/possibly damaging" and "damaging/damaging" by Polyphen and SIFT algorithm. Two LQTs elicited the pathogenic single splicing mutation of KCNQ1 (c.922-1G > C). Three LQTs carried a single pathogenic mutation of SCN5A p.R1880H, KCNH2 p.D161N, and KCNQ1 p.R243S, respectively. One patient of LQTs carried a frameshift mutation of KCNH2 p. A188Gfs*143. CONCLUSIONS: The truncated mutations of NEBL (p.R882X) and NPPA (p.R107X) may induce Brugada syndrome by abnormally affecting cardiac sodium channel. SCN5A (p.R661W, p.R965C and p.A1374S) and KCNH2 (p.R692Q) may cause Brugada syndrome, while SCN5A (p.R1880H), KCNQ1 (c.922-1G > C and p.R243S) and KCNH2 (p.D161N and p.A188Gfs*143) may lead to long QT syndrome.
作者：
Ya Wang;Jing Tian;Zihao Wang;Chaonan Li;Xiaogang Li*
期刊：
ACS Agricultural Science and Technology,2022年2(3):534–545 ISSN：2692-1952
通讯作者：
Xiaogang Li
作者机构：
[Ya Wang; Jing Tian; Zihao Wang; Chaonan Li] College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Bio Pesticide and Formulating Processing, Changsha 410128, China;[Xiaogang Li] College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Bio Pesticide and Formulating Processing, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Xiaogang Li] C;College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Bio Pesticide and Formulating Processing, Changsha 410128, China
作者机构：
[Li, Xiao-Gang; Zhong, Jie; Li, Ping; Zhu, Jun-Zi] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xiao-Gang; Zhu, Jun-Zi] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Agr Pest Early Warning & Contr, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jie Zhong; Xiao-Gang Li] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Pest Early Warning and Control, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
作者：
Toshiya Hirowatari*;Sadahisa Yagi;Cheng-Qing Liao;Guo-Hua Huang;Min Wang
期刊：
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity,2022年15(3):391-400 ISSN：2287-884X
通讯作者：
Toshiya Hirowatari
作者机构：
[Toshiya Hirowatari; Sadahisa Yagi] Entomological Laboratory, Kyushu University, Faculty of Agriculture, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan;[Cheng-Qing Liao; Guo-Hua Huang] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China;[Min Wang] Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
通讯机构：
[Toshiya Hirowatari] E;Entomological Laboratory, Kyushu University, Faculty of Agriculture, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
摘要：
Nemophora chrysoprasias (Meyrick, 1907), previously known only by the type series from Assam, India, was discovered in the Yunnan Province of China. This study is the first to illustrate the male and female genitalia of N. chrysoprasias. Despite their differing appearances, this species is determined to be related to N. rubrofascia Christoph, 1882 based on their morphological characters and DNA barcode sequences.
作者：
Wang, Ya Rong*;Hu, Zhao*;Zhong, Jie*;Chen, Yi*;Zhu, Jun Zi*
期刊：
PLANT DISEASE,2022年106(1):316 ISSN：0191-2917
通讯作者：
Wang, Ya Rong;Hu, Zhao;Zhong, Jie;Chen, Yi;Zhu, Jun Zi
作者机构：
[Wang, Ya Rong; Hu, Zhao] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Wang, Ya Rong] 1357928347@qq.com;[Hu, Zhao] 1373961913@qq.com;[Zhong, Jie] plant pathology, bHunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China, Changsha, China, 410128;[Zhong, Jie] 1601389330@qq.com
通讯机构：
[Jie Zhong; Jun Zi Zhu] H;[Yi Chen] Y;Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P.R. China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China
摘要：
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an annual, leafy, herb of the genus Nicotiana in the family Solanaceae. It is an important commercial crop in China. In 2020, a leaf spot disease was observed on tobacco leaves in commercial fields in the Hunan Province of China. Symptoms appeared as water-soaked, yellow-green spots, then turned dark brown, and coalesced into larger necrotic lesions, often leading to leaf wilt. Approximately 20% of the plants in a 50-ha area were infected, exhibiting symptomatic spots on 60% of these leaves. Symptomatic leaf samples were collected and cut into small pieces, sterilized with 70% ethanol for 10 s, 0.1% HgCl2 for 40s, rinsed with sterile distilled water for three times, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 26°C in the dark. Isolates with similar morphology were developed from ten samples. Fungal isolates produced densely, white to dark green, aerial mycelium. Conidia were straight, hyaline, aseptate, cylindrical, contained oil globules, and 15 to 25 µm × 3.0 to 4.0 µm (n=50). Appressoria were dark brown, irregularly shaped, 5.5 to 10.0 μm × 4.5 to 6.5 μm (n=50). These morphological characteristics were typical of Colletotrichum cliviicola (Yang et al. 2009). For molecular identification, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA, actin (ACT), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and chitin synthase (CHS-1) genes of a representative isolate CS16-2 were amplified and sequenced using the primer pairs as described previously (Weir et al. 2012). These sequences were deposited in GenBank (GenBank Accession Nos. MW649137 for ITS, MW656181 for ACT, MW656182 for GAPDH and MW656183 for CHS-1). BLAST analysis showed that they had 99.46% to 100% identity to the corresponding sequences of C. cliviicola strains. A concatenated phylogenetic tree was generated, using the ACT, GAPDH and CHS-1 sequences of the isolate CS16-2 and other closely matching Colletotrichum species obtained from the GenBank. We found that the CS16-2 was grouped with the C. cliviicola clade with 97% bootstrap support, including the C. cliviicola strain AH1B6 (Wang et al. 2016). Pathogenicity was tested spraying 2-month-old potted tobacco plants until runoff with a conidial suspension (105 spores/ml). Leaves were mock inoculated with sterilized water. The pathogenicity tests were performed twice, with three replicate plants each. Plants were kept in humid chambers at 26°C with a 12-h photoperiod. Five days post-inoculation, the inoculated plants developed symptoms of consisting of the yellow-brown necrotic lesion resembling the symptoms that were observed in fields, while the control plants remained symptomless. C. cliviicola was re-isolated and identified by morphological and molecular methods as described above. Currently, C. cliviicola has been reported to be the causal agent of anthracnose in some plants, such as soybean (Zhou et al. 2017) and Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Barbieri et al. 2017). However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of C. cliviicola causing leaf spot on tobacco in China and even in the word. Given that the may greatly affect the yield and quality of tobacco production, growers should be prepared to manage this new disease. This work might provide further insight for disease diagnosis on tobacco as some other Colletotrichum species, such as C. fructicola (Wang et al. 2016) and C. karsti (Zhao et al. 2020), have also been responsible for anthracnose.
