期刊：
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization,2023年17(4):3695-3708 ISSN：2193-4126
通讯作者：
Huang Huang<&wdkj&>Jun Wu
作者机构：
[Wu, Jun; Zhang, Yin; Wang, Ren; Huang, Huang; Li, Jianwu; Wu, Dan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Bai, Bin; Li, Jianwu; Wu, Dan] Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Xing] Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agro Food Stand & Testing Technol, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China.;[Deng, Qiyun] Biorice Hunan Co Ltd, Changsha 410323, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yin; Wang, Ren] Hunan Engineer Res Ctr Rice Field Ecol Planting &, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang Huang; Jun Wu] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
摘要：
This study was conducted to develop fast and nondestructive models for the discrimination of different farming methods and to determine the geographical origin of rice samples from different administrative regions in China using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to build the NIR spectral models. Norris smoothing derivative (NSD) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) were used as preprocessing methods to reduce the spectral noise and enhance effective information. The results show that it was difficult to distinguish the farming methods with the original spectra plots and PCA score plots except for the rice samples from Heilongjiang Province. In addition, a PLS-DA model combined with NSD preprocessing provided the optimal predictive accuracy of 89.7% for the identification of different farming methods. NSD or MSC preprocessing combined with PLS-DA models provided the best discrimination of the origin traceability. The total accuracy of Northeast China rice samples was 100%, and of the South, East, Central and Southwest China rice samples was 98.2%. The total accuracy of Heilongjiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Sichuan Provinces were 100%, 98.8%, 95.3%, 95.3%, and 93.6%, respectively. These indicate that NIR combined with PLS-DA and NSD or MSC preprocessing can provide a powerful method to distinguish the different farming methods and geographical origin of Chinese rice.
通讯机构：
[Huang Huang; Can Chen] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Hunan Rice Field Ecological Planting and Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
direct straw return;straw biochar returning;rice-duck co-culture;culm morphology;anatomy and lodging resistance
摘要：
<jats:p>Lodging has a negative effect on rice production and leads to a great loss in yield and quality. It is necessary to clarify the effects of straw return measures coupled with rice-duck co-culture on lodging and to explore a measure that can improve lodging resistance. A randomized block experiment with six treatments (rice monoculture (RNN), rice-duck co-culture (RND), direct straw return and rice monoculture (RSN), direct straw return coupled with rice-duck co-culture (RSD), straw carbon and rice monoculture (RBN), and straw carbon coupled with rice-duck co-culture (RBD)) was conducted to investigate the mechanism of the change in lodging resistance. RNN’s rice yield was 6258.02 kg ha−1. The yield of RND, RSN, RSD, and RBN increased by 15.51, 3.06, 10.23, and 1.59%, respectively, while RBD decreased by 5.01% relative to RNN. Direct straw return and straw biochar return coupled with rice-duck co-culture has both negative and positive effects on lodging resistance because of its properties. The stem’s mechanical properties were mainly decided by weight, length, plumpness, and culm anatomy. The increased bending moment at breaking, lodging strength, and bending strength with the RND, RSN, RSD, RBN, and RBD treatments increased, indicated an increase in lodging resistance. Our results clearly demonstrate that direct straw return and straw biochar return coupled with rice-duck co-culture could increase the lodging resistance. In total, rice-duck co-culture could increase the lodging resistance with a higher yield. Compared to straw biochar application, straw return can stabilize the yield and improve the lodging resistance of rice. Thus, direct straw return coupled with rice-duck co-culture should be explored for improving lodging resistance under the condition of ensuring yield.</jats:p>
