摘要：
含油量对提高菜油产量有十分重要的意义, 传统的高含油油菜新材料筛选方法工作量大, 耗时长。为找出一种快速诊断高含油油菜育种材料的新方法, 本研究以3组不同含油量的9个甘蓝型油菜为材料, 测定其不同生育期的高光谱反射率与叶绿素含量, 分析其内在关联。研究发现, 油菜高光谱反射率在可见光波段呈现出“两峰三谷”特性, 幼苗期含油量越高则高光谱反射率越低。叶绿素a含量是导致总叶绿素含量差异的主要原因。在490 nm和670 nm处, 幼苗期光谱反射率和叶绿素含量负相关, 相关系数分别为-0898和-0783；叶绿素和含油量显著正相关, 相关系数达到0962；490、560、670 nm反射率和含油量之间呈负相关, 相关系数分别为-0949、-0962和-0937。该结果表明, 油菜幼苗期光谱反射率可用于预测其含油量。本研究结果可用于高含油油菜育种材料早期筛选, 加快其育种进程, 促进新品种选育。但样本量偏少, 在后续研究中将进一步扩大样本量, 提高预测准确度。 The oil content of rapeseed is important for improving oil yield And the traditional method for new oilseed rape materials is complex and time-consuming In order to find a new method for rapid diagnosis of oilseed rape breeding materials, 3 groups of 9 different oil content Brassica napus lines were uesed as raw materials, meanwhile, hyperspectral reflectance and chlorophyll were tested in different stage and the relationship between them was analyzed The results showed that the hyper spectral reflectance of rape displays two peaks and three valleys in the visible band Meanwhile, in rapeseed seedling stage, the higher oil content rapeseed hed a lower hyperspectral reflectanceThe chlorophyll a was the main reason which led to the difference of total chlorophyll content There was a negative correlation at 490 nm and 670 nm between the spectral reflectance and chlorophyll content, the correlation coefficient was -0898 and -0783 respectively There was a significant positive correlation between chlorophyll and oil content, which reached to 0962There was a negative correlation between reflectivity and oil content at 490 nm, 560 nm and 670 nm, and the correlation coefficient was -0949, -0962 and -0937 respectively At last, the oil content of rapeseed can be predicted by Hyper spectral method in seedling stage and provide reference for rape breeding with high oil content These results can be used to choose high oil content rapeseed materials in early stages, which can enhance the breeding process and promote new materities breeding While, the samples in this study is small, and samples will be enlarged to improve the prediction accuracy of oil content by Hyper spectral method
摘要：
Leaf-color is an effective marker to identify the hybridization of rice. Leaf-color related genes function in chloroplast development and the photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis of higher plants. The ygl7 (yellow-green leaf 7) is a mutant with spontaneous yellow-green leaf phenotype across the whole lifespan but with no change to its yield traits. We cloned gene Ygl7 (Os03g59640) which encodes a magnesium-chelatase ChlD protein. Expression of ygl7 turns green-leaves to yellow, whereas RNAi-mediated silence of Ygl7 causes a lethal phenotype of the transgenic plants. This indicates the importance of the gene for rice plant. On the other hand, it corroborates that ygl7 is a non-null mutants. The content of photosynthetic pigment is lower in Ygl7 than the wild type, but its light efficiency was comparatively high. All these results indicated that the mutational YGL7 protein does not cause a complete loss of original function but instead acts as a new protein performing a new function. This new function partially includes its preceding function and possesses an additional feature to promote photosynthesis. Chl1, Ygl98, and Ygl3 are three alleles of the OsChlD gene that have been documented previously. However, mutational sites of OsChlD mutant gene and their encoded protein products were different in the three mutants. The three mutants have suppressed grain output. In our experiment, plant materials of three mutants (ygl7, chl1, and ygl98) all exhibited mutational leaf-color during the whole growth period. This result was somewhat different from previous studies. We used ygl7 as female crossed with chl1 and ygl98, respectively. Both the F1 and F2 generation display yellow-green leaf phenotype with their chlorophyll and carotenoid content falling between the values of their parents. Moreover, we noted an important phenomenon: ygl7-NIL's leaf-color is yellow, not yellowy-green, and this is also true of all back-crossed offspring with ygl7.
