摘要：
The emergence of triclosan (TCS) in the environment has caused extensive concern, but its role in waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation (AF) is still uncertain. This work investigated the impact of TCS on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) recycling from WAS. The results showed that TCS of 200 mg/kg TSS increased the maximum VFA accumulation from 7284 to 15,083 mg COD/L. The increase in total VFA production is attributed to the massive increase in acetic acid. Mechanism exploration showed that TCS promotes WAS solubilization by facilitating cell breakage and extracellular polymeric substances disruption, and stimulates AF by enhancing the activity of key enzymes among all stages. TCS promotes acidification stronger than methanogenesis, which makes VFA production faster than consumption, leading to increased VFA accumulation. These findings provide novel insights for revealing the role of TCS in WAS resource recovery, and offer thoughts for the selective production of final recycling products of TCS-containing WAS. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
[Yu Luo] I;Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
摘要：
Background and aims Incorporation of biochar into the soil sequesters C for millennia, but the concomitant effects on plant rhizodepositions and nutrient (e.g., nitrogen; N) trade-offs via interactions of heterotrophic microbiota, might offset this sequestration. Methods Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) with and without biochar amendment were pulse labelled in a (CO2)-C-13 atmosphere and N-15 fertilizer added. Ryegrass and soils were destructively sampled at 16 and 30 days after seedling emergence. Isotope analysis was coupled with MiSeq sequencing of bacterial (16s rRNA) and fungal (ITS) genes to identify the effect of biochar on the associated microbiota involved in C-13 allocation into soil aggregates and promotion of N-15 uptake by L. perenne. Results Biochar increased root biomass and N-15 uptake but decreased rhizodeposited-C-13 recovery from large and small macroaggregates (by 12-57% and 57-72%, respectively). These changes in C-13 flow and N-15 uptake were accompanied by an increase in microbial biomass, and enhanced negative correlations between bacteria and fungi. O2PLS indicated members of seventeen genera that were correlated with soil stabilization of rhizodeposits in soil and plant N-uptake. For instance, Xanthomonadales (Proteobacteria) and RB41 (Acidobacteria), previously reported to be plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, were found to be positively correlated with N-15 uptake by L. perenne. Conclusions Our research explored the genera associated with biochar-modified N-15 uptake by Lolium perenne and photosynthate C-13 allocation into soil aggregates. Future research with SIP is required to fully assess microbial turnover, the ubiquity of similar rhizosphere microbiota and their fundamental importance for sequestration in the plant-soil-microbe-biochar systems.
摘要：
This paper aims to evaluate the effect of low-cost clays (kaolin with different particle size and montmorillonite (MTT) modified with ZnCl2 and HCl) as catalysts on the pyrolysis products from waste tire. The results show that clays can improve the quality and yield of pyrolysis products. Different particle size and modification conditions have significant influence on the distribution and component of pyrolysis products. Compared with blank group, the content of combustible gas (including CH4 of 56.35%, H-2 of 35.67% and CO of 7.98%) in ZnCl2 group is increased. Moreover, the hydrocarbon content of pyrolysis oil in each group exceed 90%. The N-containing compounds can be removed by hydro-denitrogenation (HDN) reaction and convert into aromatics through ring-opening reaction. Meanwhile, the yield of the O-containing compounds in each group is less than 3%, and the lowest content is ZnCl2 group. ZnCl2-modified MTT have high specific surface area and rich mesoporous structure, which can promote deoxidation and aromatization to reach the highest aromatics content (90.23%). In addition, the content of C11-C20 in addition groups can be increased by small molecule polymerization. The catalysts promote the formation of diesel fraction through alkylation of benzene and naphthalene. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing platform based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (erGO) and gold nanoparticles@carbon dots (GNPs@CDs) was developed. The hydroxyl-rich CDs were electrochemically synthesized, and the GNPs@CDs were obtained by reducing chloroauric acid with hydroxyl-rich CDs. The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated electrode, GNPs@CDs/erGO/GCE, was explored by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of the electrode demonstrated a remarkable enhancement in the peak current toward oxidation of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) with a peak potential separation of 0.15 V in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA). Under optimized conditions, the simultaneous determination of DA and UA was investigated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) resulting in a linear response in the concentration ranges of 0.01-5.0 mu M and 5.0-20.0 mu M for DA and of 0.1-20.0 mu M and 20.0-50.0 mu M for UA and in a sensitivity of 11.96 and 6.48 mu A mu M-1, respectively. The prepared electrode also demonstrated long-term stability and good reproducibility and was successfully used for the determination of DA and UA in human serum samples with favorable recoveries.
作者机构：
[Wang, Peng; Zhou, Li; Liu, Wei; Zeng, Jianguo; Huang, Peng] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Peng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Anim Nutr Genome & Germplasm Innovat Res Ctr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Liqiong] Yueyang Hosp TCM, Clin Pharm, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Wei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Qing, Zhixing] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, Jianguo; Qing, Zhixing] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Natl & Local Union Engn Res Ctr Vet Herbal Med Re, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Sanguinarine (SAN) and chelerythrine (CHE) have been widely used as substitutes for antibiotics for decades. For a long time, SAN and CHE have been extracted from mainly Macleaya cordata, a plant species that is a traditional herb in China and belongs to the Papaveraceae family. However, with the sharp increase in demand for SAN and CHE, it is necessary to develop a new method to enhance the supply of raw materials. Here, we used methyl jasmonate (MJ), salicylic acid (SA) and wounding alone and in combination to stimulate aseptic seedlings of M. cordata at 0h, 24h, 72h and 120h and then compared the differences in metabolic profiles and gene expression. Ultimately, we found that the effect of using MJ alone was the best treatment, with the contents of SAN and CHE increasing by 10- and 14-fold, respectively. However, the increased SAN and CHE contents in response to combined wounding and MJ were less than those for induced by the treatment with MJ alone. Additionally, after MJ treatment, SAN and CHE biosynthetic pathway genes, such as those encoding the protopine 6-hydroxylase and dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase enzymes, were highly expressed, which is consistent with the accumulation of SAN and CHE. At the same time, we have also studied the changes in the content of synthetic intermediates of SAN and CHE after elicitor induction. This study is the first systematic research report about using elicitors to increase the SAN and CHE in Macleaya cordata.
期刊：
Journal of Phytopathology,2021年169(11-12):667-677 ISSN：0931-1785
通讯作者：
Kai Wang<&wdkj&>Sheyuan Chen<&wdkj&>Yuanzhu Yang
作者机构：
[Qin, Peng; Jiang, Nan; Yang, Yuanzhu; Chen, Sheyuan; Deng, Zhao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Bai, Zhenan; Zhang, Xuanwen; Qin, Peng; Jiang, Nan; Zhu, Yuxuan; Fu, Jun; Yang, Yuanzhu; Wang, Kai; Deng, Zhao; Hu, Xiaochun] Yuan Longping High Tech Agr Co Ltd, Key Lab Southern Rice Innovat & Improvement, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Hunan Engn Lab Dis & Pest Resistant Rice Breeding, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Yuxuan; Yang, Yuanzhu; Wang, Kai] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yuanzhu; Wang, Kai] Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Kai Wang] K;[Sheyuan Chen; Yuanzhu Yang] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation & Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Disease and Pest Resistant Rice Breeding, Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Southern Rice Innovation & Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Disease and Pest Resistant Rice Breeding, Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词：
amylose content;blast resistance;hybrid rice;marker-assisted selection;phenotypic selection;restorer line
摘要：
Hybrid rice, as one of the most successful crops exploiting heterosis, has greatly contributed to global food security. Due to its high-yield potential, approximately half of the rice-growing area in China is planted with hybrid rice varieties. However, the extreme vulnerability of hybrid rice to various diseases and poor grain quality pose great challenges to rice breeders. Here, we report the development of five new restorer lines pyramiding the broad-spectrum blast resistance gene Pigm and low/intermediate amylose content-associated gene Wx(b) by marker-assisted and phenotypic selection. All these new restorer lines showed enhanced blast resistance in the disease nursery compared with the original restorer lines and had low-to-intermediate apparent amylose contents, ranging from 11.3% to 14.2%. Genetic background analysis based on next-generation sequencing indicated that the proportion of Gumei 4 (donor of Pigm) genome in the five new restorer lines ranged from 9.89% to 21.69%. Eight of their derived hybrid combinations, which exhibited better grain quality and higher levels of blast resistance, have been certificated for commercial release in different ecological regions of China. Among them, Jing-Liang-You 3189, Yue-Liang-You 3189, Jing-Liang-You 1074 and Long-Liang-You 3188 meet the national standards for superior-quality rice in China. These results confirmed the success of developing elite restorer lines through marker-assisted and phenotypic selection, and these new restorer lines have great potential in developing more elite hybrid rice combinations.
通讯机构：
[Chen, Q.] C;College of Animal Science and Technology, China
关键词：
Guanidinoacetic acid;Creatine;Muscle Development;gene regulate;Livestock and poultry
摘要：
Guanidinoacetic acid is the direct precursor of creatine and its phosphorylated derivative phosphocreatine in the body. It is a safe nutritional supplement that can be used to promote muscle growth and development. Improving the growth performance of livestock and poultry and meat quality is the eternal goal of the animal husbandry, and it is also the common demand of today's society and consumers. A large number of experimental studies have shown that guanidinoacetic acid could improve the growth performance of animals, promote muscle development and improve the health of animals. However, the mechanism of how it affects muscle development needs to be further elucidated. This article discusses the physical and chemical properties of guanidinoacetic acid and its synthesis pathway, explores its mechanism of how it promotes muscle development and growth, and also classifies and summarizes the impact of its application in animal husbandry, providing a scientific basis for this application. In addition, this article also proposes future directions for the development of this substance.
关键词：
copy number variation (CNV);OsMTD1;rice;plant architecture;pri-miR156f
摘要：
Copy number variation (CNV) may have phenotypic effects by altering the expression level of the gene(s) or regulatory element(s) contained. It is believed that CNVs play pivotal roles in controlling plant architecture and other traits in plant. However, the effects of CNV contributing to special traits remain largely unknown. Here we report a CNV involved in rice architecture by modulating tiller number and leaf angle. In the genome of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare, we found a locus Loc_Os08g34249 is derived from a 13,002-bp tandem duplication in the nearby region of OsMTD1, a gene regulating tillering in rice. Further survey of 230 rice cultivars showed that the duplication occurred in only 13 japonica rice cultivars. Phenotypic investigation indicated that this CNV region may contribute to tiller number. Moreover, we revealed that OsMTD1 not only influences rice tiller number and leaf angle, but also represses pri-miR156f transcription in the CNV region. Intriguingly, this CNV performs function through both the dosage and position effects on OsMTD1 and pri-miR156f. Thus, our work identified a CNV and revealed a molecular regulatory basis for its effects on plant architecture, implying this CNV may possess importance and application potential in molecular breeding in rice.
摘要：
Asian species of the genus Vespina Davis, 1972 (Lepidoptera, Incurvariidae) are mainly reviewed. Vespina meridiana Hirowatari & Yagi sp. nov. from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, and Vespina sichuana Hirowatari, Huang & Wang sp. nov. from Sichuan, China, are described. The previously known Vespina species are associated with plants from the Fagaceae family on the western coast of the USA and East Asia and with Sapindaceae (Aceraceae) in eastern Europe. The two new species described here are associated with Fagaceae and Myricaceae, respectively, in warm temperate areas in Asia. Vespina nielseni Kozlov, 1987, which was only known from East Asia, is newly recorded from South China. A checklist for the genus is provided herein. Morphological information of the immature stages of the two new species is partially provided. The absence or reduction of a female frenulum and presence of approximately 20 thin pseudofrenular bristles, the dorsoventrally flattened pupa, and the minute tergal spines scattered on abdominal segments 3-8 are considered as possible autapomorphies of Vespina.
通讯机构：
[Yang Zhang; Binghua Yan] Q;Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, 266101, China<&wdkj&>College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, 266101, China<&wdkj&>College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, China<&wdkj&>University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
摘要：
Production of carboxylic acids from anaerobic fermentation has gained increasing attention. However, acidogenic fermentation is still facing challenges such as low yield of carboxylic acids and difficulties in product recovery and purification. The emission of acidogenic off-gas CO2 leads to a reduced carbon recovery (similar to 70%) and also increases the carbon footprint of the anaerobic treatment process. In this study, a tailored electrodialysis stack was integrated with a fermenter to recover the products and hence to improve quantity and quality of the produced carboxylic acids. Three levels of currents, i.e., 0.4, 1, and 4 A (T1, T2, and T3), were applied during electrodialytic separation of carboxylic acids and 12 cycles of electrodialysis were carried out to evaluate the performance of the integrated system. Results showed that different degrees of carboxylic acids removal led to varied impacts on the yield of carboxylic acids, economic viability, and the instability of microbial community. Compared with the case without coupling electrodialysis process, the carbon conversion rate increased by 28.04% in T3, which was due to the reuse of inorganic carbon introduced by a tailored electrodialysis process. After 12 cycles of fermentation, the percentage of Clostridiales finally increased from 0.11% (inoculum) to 31.15% in T3, which also confirmed the possible autotrophic acidogenesis by using inorganic carbon. This work would provide a promising solution to improve the recovery of carboxylic acids from organic wastes and achieve minimum carbon footprint in the organic waste management process. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,2021年2021 ISSN：1942-0900
作者机构：
[Tan, Bie; Hussain, Tarique; Wang, Jing] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chughtai, Muhammad Ismail; Hussain, Tarique] Pakistan Inst Engn & Appl Sci NIABC, PIEAS, Nucl Inst Agr & Biol Coll, Anim Sci Div, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.;[Rahu, Baban Ali; Murtaza, Ghulam] Sindh Agr Univ, Fac Anim Husb & Vet Sci, Dept Anim Reprod, Tandojam 70050, Sindh, Pakistan.;[Metwally, Elsayed] Suez Canal Univ, Dept Cytol & Histol, Fac Vet Med, Ismailia, Egypt.;[Yang, Huansheng] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hunan Int Joint Lab Anim Intestinal Ecol & Hlth, Lab Anim Nutr & Human Hlth, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Gut microbiota is the natural residents of the intestinal ecosystem which display multiple functions that provide beneficial effects on host physiology. Disturbances in gut microbiota in weaning stress are regulated by the immune system and oxidative stress-related protein pathways. Weaning stress also alters gut microbiota response, limits digestibility, and influences animal productive performance through the production of inflammatory molecules. Heat shock proteins are the molecular chaperones that perform array functions from physiological to pathological point of view and remodeling cellular stress response. As it is involved in the defense mechanism, polyphenols ensure cellular tolerance against enormous stimuli. Polyphenols are nature-blessed compounds that show their existence in plenty of amounts. Due to their wider availability and popularity, they can exert strong immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. Their promising health-promoting effects have been demonstrated in different cellular and animal studies. Dietary interventions with polyphenols may alter the gut microbiome response and attenuate the weaning stress related to inflammation. Further, polyphenols elicit health-favored effects through ameliorating inflammatory processes to improve digestibility and thereby exert a protective effect on animal production. Here, in this article, we will expand the role of dietary polyphenol intervention strategies in weaning stress which perturbs gut microbiota function and also paid emphasis to heat shock proteins in gut health. This review article gives new direction to the feed industry to formulate diet containing polyphenols which would have a significant impact on animal health.
通讯机构：
[Bo Wu; Qingyun Yan] E;Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
摘要：
Crocetin is a carotenoid extracted from Gardenia jasminoides, one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines, which has been used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The present study is aimed at clarifying the effect of crocetin on gene expression profiling of HepG2 cells by RNA-sequence assay and further investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the multiple biofunctions of crocetin based on bioinformatics analysis and molecular evidence. Among a total 23K differential genes identified, crocetin treatment upregulated the signals of 491 genes (2.14% of total gene probes) and downregulated the signals of 283 genes (1.24% of total gene probes) by >= 2-fold. The Gene Ontology analysis enriched these genes mainly on cell proliferation and apoptosis (BRD4 and DAXX); lipid formation (EHMT2); cell response to growth factor stimulation (CYP24A1 and GCNT2); and growth factor binding (ABCB1 and ABCG1), metabolism, and signal transduction processes. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed that crocetin has the potential to regulate transcriptional misregulation, ABC transporters, bile secretion, alcoholism, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and other pathways, of which SLE was the most significantly disturbed pathway. The PPI network was constructed by using the STRING online protein interaction database and Cytoscape software, and 21 core proteins were obtained. RT-qPCR datasets serve as the solid evidence that verified the accuracy of transcriptome sequencing results with the same change trend. This study provides first-hand data for comprehensively understanding crocetin targeting on hepatic metabolism and its multiple biofunctions.
