关键词：
land use change;runoff;climate change;SWAT model
摘要：
Quantitative assessment of the impact of land use and climate change on hydrological processes is of great importance to water resources planning and management. The main objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the response of runoff to land use and climate change in the Zhengshui River Basin of Southern China, a heavily used agricultural basin. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate the river runoff for the Zhengshui River Basin. Specifically, a soil database was constructed based on field work and laboratory experiments as input data for the SWAT model. Following SWAT calibration, simulated results were compared with observed runoff data for the period 2006 to 2013. The Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient (NSE) and the correlation coefficient (R-2) for the comparisons were greater than 0.80, indicating close agreement. The calibrated models were applied to simulate monthly runoff in 1990 and 2010 for four scenarios with different land use and climate conditions. Climate change played a dominant role affecting runoff of this basin, with climate change decreasing simulated runoff by -100.22% in 2010 compared to that of 1990, land use change increasing runoff in this basin by 0.20% and the combination of climate change and land use change decreasing runoff by 60.8m(3)/s. The decrease of forestland area and the corresponding increase of developed land and cultivated land area led to the small increase in runoff associated with land use change. The influence of precipitation on runoff was greater than temperature. The soil database used to model runoff with the SWAT model for the basin was constructed using a combination of field investigation and laboratory experiments, and simulations of runoff based on that new soil database more closely matched observations of runoff than simulations based on the generic Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD). This study may provide an important reference to guide management decisions for this and similar watersheds.
关键词：
Chinese exchange rate volatility;Economic policy uncertainty;Forecasting;GARCH-MIDAS model
摘要：
This paper investigates the impact of relative economic policy uncertainty between China and the United States (the Sino-US EPU ratio) on the Chinese exchange rate volatility by employing a GARCH-MIDAS model. Moreover, we compare the out-of-sample volatility forecasting performance of the GARCH-MIDAS model with that of traditional GARCH-type models. The empirical results suggest that: (i) the Sino-US EPU ratio has a positive impact on the long-term volatility of the Chinese exchange rate, (ii) the GARCH-MIDAS model performs better than the traditional GARCH-type models.
关键词：
coastal regions;financial industry competition;Internet;Panzar-Rosse model
摘要：
With the rise of Internet finance in coastal regions, its influence on the banking industry has gradually deepened. To a certain extent, it has seized the bank's asset business, liability business and intermediate business. This paper is based on the establishment of Panzar-Rosse model to determine the degree of competition in China's banking market. In recent ten years, China's banking industry is in a state of monopoly competition and the degree of competition is increasing. Internet finance in coastal regions has little influence on the degree of banking competition in its infancy. However, when Internet finance in coastal regions develops to a certain level, it will have a significant positive correlation with the degree of competition of China's banking industry. In the future, we should actively promote the cooperation between banking and Internet finance in coastal regions to optimize the allocation of social and economic resources.
关键词：
Different agricultural models;Incentive mechanism;Agricultural technology;Information management system
摘要：
The agricultural information technology management system has a certain role in promoting the development of agriculture. However, there is a lack of persuasive reference on how the incentive mechanism of different agricultural models will affect the development of agricultural technology, or which aspect will be affected. This article aims to study the incentive mechanism of different agricultural models to the agricultural technology information management system. This article uses a single variable method to study the application status of agricultural information technology in different regions and different agricultural models, and the agricultural technology information under different incentive mechanisms. Compare the results achieved by the management system. By comparing and summarizing the related ecological models, applying the method of optimal ratio to classify the optimal agricultural model incentive mechanism. The research data of the agricultural technology information management system shows that farmers are restricted by different incentive mechanism constraints. In the selection of ecological agriculture and conventional agriculture, ecological agriculture is more preferred. Experimental data shows that the information management system can reflect the determinants of farmers' choice of different agricultural models and policy incentives, which have an important influence on the development of agriculture.
期刊：
Energy Economics,2020年87:104737 ISSN：0140-9883
通讯作者：
Zhou, Zhongbao
作者机构：
[Jiang, Yong] Nanjing Audit Univ, Sch Finance, Nanjing 211815, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Zhongbao; Liu, Qing] Hunan Univ, Sch Business Adm, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Ling] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Econ, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Helu] Hunan Normal Univ, Business Sch, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Zhongbao] H;Hunan Univ, Sch Business Adm, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Crude oil price shocks;Energy mining industry;Output volatility;Structural VAR model
摘要：
This paper focuses on how explicit structural shocks that characterize the endogenous character of international oil price change affect the output volatility of the U.S. crude oil and natural gas mining industries. To this end, we employ a modified structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR) to decompose real oil-price changes into four components: U.S. supply shocks, non-U.S. supply shocks, aggregate demand shocks, and oil-specific demand shocks mainly driven by precautionary demand. The results indicate that output volatility of the U.S. crude oil and natural gas mining industry has significantly negative responses to U.S. supply shocks, aggregate demand shocks, and oil-specific demand shocks, while lacks significant response to non-U.S. supply shocks. Variance decomposition and historical decomposition confirm that U.S. supply shocks occupy most explaining variations in output volatility among the four structural oil shocks. Moreover, the oil-specific demand shocks explain more variation than that of aggregate demand shocks for the crude oil mining industry, but the opposite is true for the natural gas mining industry. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Recent works suggested taking into account the severity and the type of anhedonia when examining suicidal ideation. The present study investigated a moderated mediation model addressing the psychosocial mechanisms that account for the association between state or trait anhedonia and suicidal ideation. METHODS: State anhedonia was assessed using the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale, while trait anhedonia was assessed using the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale. A total number of 1,361 of undergraduates completed questionnaires at three different times, with one-year intervals. RESULTS: The direct effect of stress on suicidal ideation was significantly greater for those students who had lower trait anticipatory and consummatory anhedonia, whereas the indirect effect from stress on suicidal ideation through depression was significantly greater for those who had higher state anhedonia. Moreover, trait consummatory anhedonia moderated the relationship between stress and suicidal ideation after one year, and trait anticipatory anhedonia moderated the relationship between stress and suicidal ideation after two years. CONCLUSIONS: Low levels of trait anhedonia were associated with elevated suicidal ideation, while high levels of state anhedonia were associated with elevated suicidal ideation. Trait consummatory anhedonia was associated with short-term suicidal ideation, while trait anticipatory anhedonia was associated with long-term suicidal ideation.
摘要：
Chromium is one of the major pollutants in water and soil. Thus, it is urgent to develop a new method for chromium removal from the environment. Phytoremediation is a promising approach for heavy metal pollution recovery. As a perennial giant grass with a fast growth rate, Pennisetum sinese has been widely used as livestock feed, mushroom culture medium and biomass energy raw material. Interestingly, we have found a high adsorption capacity of P. sinese for chromium. P. sinese was treated with different concentrations of chromium for 15 days. Results showed that P. sinese plantlets grew well under low concentrations (less than 500 mu M) of chromium (VI). The plantlet growth was inhibited when treated with high concentrations of chromium (more than 1000 mu M). Up to 150.99 and 979.03 mgkg(-1) DW of chromium accumulated in the aerial part and root, respectively, under a treatment of 2000 mu M Cr. The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) of P. sinese varied from 10.87 to 17.56, and reached a maximum value at the concentration of 500 mu M. The results indicated that P. sinese showed strong tolerance and high accumulation capability under Cr stress. Therefore, the chromium removal potential of P. sinese has a great application prospect in phytoremediation.
摘要：
Objective: A new 15-item version of the positive subscale of Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P15) has been recently proposed and used to measure psychotic-like experiences. The wide application of this scale is thought to be feasible and cost-effective, due to its manageable length and higher level of internal consistency. However, its psychometric properties have not been well established. Methods: The validity and reliability of the CAPE-P15 were assessed in 1255 college students across two time frames (over a lifetime and in the past month). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm its construct validity and measurement invariance across sex. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to investigate its clinical and concurrent validity. We also calculated the test-retest reliability and internal consistency to verify the reliability of the scale. Finally, telephone interviews were performed to explore the consistency between self-reported and interview-verified CAPE-P15 scores. Results: The scale has adequate psychometric properties in terms of construct, clinical and concurrent validity; measurement invariance across sex; test-retest reliability; and internal consistency. We also confirmed considerably high consistency between self-reported and interview-verified CAPE-P15 scores. Conclusions: This study confirms that the CAPE-P15 is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing psychotic-like experiences in college students, both over a lifetime and in the past month. This overall assessment of the CAPE-P15 supports its more widespread use in this population. However, further research is needed to assess its utility in clinical settings, as well as in general population. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词：
coastal city;planning and design;urban design
摘要：
Liao, S.; Xie, Y., and Xiao, F., 2020. Study on urban design of a coastal tourism areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 372–376. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.At present, coastal cities are changing toward information, intelligent, ecological, and other directions, which requires urban design with various complex factors. Through effective urban design, resources can be effectively allocated, balancing economic and environmental development, which is an important means of tourism development in coastal cities. The regional natural and cultural characteristics should be analyzed, because they are important factors in planning and design cases. At present, the functions of coastal cities will become more and more complex, requiring the construction of city characteristics, space humanization, and so on. Urban design is the overall design of the complex system of the city, which pays more attention to the framework creation and the guidance of urban development. Urban design is a multisolution process and a continuous basis system that will feed back dynamic urban governance, which is a professional category that comprehensively deals with system element relations, public value orientation, and high-quality urban environment concepts. The basic concept of urban design consists of mixed functions, land use, public transport, public vitality creation, and medium- and high-density urban texture, which has gradually become a consensus. This paper analyzes the key methods of urban design, which will be an important reference for the planning of coastal city tourist areas.
摘要：
Background: Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is one of the most prevalent personality disorders in general population. However, neural mechanisms underlying OCPD remain elusive. The aim of this study is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine whether OCPD patients will exhibit altered spontaneous brain activity as compared to healthy controls (HC). Methods: Resting-state fMRI data were acquired in 37 OCPD patients and 37 matched HC. Amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuation (ALIT) were calculated and compared between the two groups. Correlation analysis was performed between regional ALFF values and OCPD severity scores. Results: Significant group differences in regional ALFF were found in multiple brain regions. Compared to HCs, OCPD subjects had increased ALFF in bilateral caudate, left precuneus, left insula, and left medial superior frontal gyrus, and decreased ALFF in the right fusiform gyrus and left lingual gyrus. The ALFF values in the left precuneus correlated with OCPD severity scores. Limitations: We excluded patients with comorbidity and did not conduct cognitive function assessments. Our findings are also limited to cross-sectional analysis. Conclusions: OCPD patients exhibit altered spontaneous neural activity as compared to healthy controls in multiple brain regions, which may reflect different characteristic symptoms of OCPD pathophysiology, including cognitive inflexibility, excessive self-control, lower empathy, and visual attention bias. (C) 2019 University of Cape Town. Published by Elsevier B.V.
