Deep residual convolutional neural network based on hybrid attention mechanism for ecological monitoring of marine fishery
作者：
Liu, Jiangxun;Zhang, Lei;Li, Yanfei;Liu, Hui
期刊：
Ecological Informatics ,2023年77:102204 ISSN：1574-9541
通讯作者：
Liu, H
作者机构：
[Liu, Hui; Liu, Jiangxun; Zhang, Lei] Cent South Univ, Inst Artificial Intelligence & Robot IAIR, Sch Traff & Transportat Engn, Key Lab Traff Safety Track,Minist Educ, Changsha 410075, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yanfei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, H ] C;Cent South Univ, Inst Artificial Intelligence & Robot IAIR, Sch Traff & Transportat Engn, Key Lab Traff Safety Track,Minist Educ, Changsha 410075, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Attention mechanism;Convolutional neural network;Marine fishery;Residual module;Target detection
摘要：
Understanding the ecological environment, population abundance, and growth status of marine organisms in the marine fishery is important to promote its sustainability. However, existing manual detection methods can cause some damage to marine ecology and are difficult to meet the demand for fast and accurate detection. In addition, light, shadows, and disturbances in the marine ecosystem can affect the effectiveness of intelligent detection methods. To address these problems, a deep residual convolutional neural network (DRCNN) based on hybrid attention mechanism (HAM) is proposed to detect marine organisms. The hybrid attention mechanism obtains key information from both channel and space dimensions of the input image. And the residual module is added to the deep convolutional neural network to iteratively extract image features while avoiding error accumulation. It is demonstrated experimentally that the HAM-DRCNN model achieves 93.17% image localization accuracy with a processing speed of 20.95 frames/s. Compared with the YOLOv5 and Faster R-CNN, the mean average precision of species classification is 91.36%, which is an improvement of 0.93% and 9.39%, respectively. In addition, excellent results are achieved on two other benchmark datasets. The method can accurately locate and complete the classification of marine organisms in underwater images and has practical application value.
语种：
英文
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The design and test of circular-cutting and middle-placing windrower for oilseed rape
作者：
Luo, Haifeng;Xiao, Xiao;Zhang, Beibei;Li, Xu;Wu, Mingliang;...
期刊：
International Journal of Vehicle Design ,2022年89(1-2):1-23 ISSN：0143-3369
作者机构：
[Li, Xu; Xiao, Xiao; Zhang, Beibei; Xie, Wei; Luo, Haifeng; Wu, Mingliang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xu; Xie, Wei; Luo, Haifeng; Wu, Mingliang] Hunan Prov Engn Technol Res Ctr Modern Agr Equipme, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xu; Luo, Haifeng; Wu, Mingliang] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Chi, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
circular cutting;symmetrical hugging;intelligent synchronous control;oilseed rape;cut and windrow
摘要：
An electric-drive circular-cutting and middle-placing windrower for oilseed rape is designed. Circular cutter adopts the cutting method that a chain-driven movable blade is combined with upper and lower double fixed blades, and designs a double-support circular cutter as well. Moreover, the symmetrical hugging and middle-placing reeling device is designed through artificial reeling operation. The simulated and kinematic analysis of the reeling device is done as well. The simulated analysis results show that the reeling track meets the operation requirement and the reeling devices have a good effect on the rape plants. The intelligent synchronous reeling control is designed on the reeling device drive. The field test of the prototype showed that the placing angle of the windrower was 11.48°, and the angle difference was 6.64°.This research provides theoretical and technical references for the design of the circular-cutting and middle-placing windrower for oilseed rape.
语种：
英文
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《房屋建筑学》之设计基本原理的教学方法思考
作者：
刘巧玲;刘保华
期刊：
砖瓦 ,2021年(10):196-197 ISSN：1001-6945
作者机构：
[刘巧玲] 湖南农业大学东方科技学院;[刘保华] 湖南农业大学工学院
关键词：
建筑体型设计;几何体型;体型系数;体型组合
摘要：
阐述了《房屋建筑学》设计基本原理教学的改进方法,从土木工程专业学生的实际学情出发,以"建筑体型设计"为例提出教学新思路,并获得了学生的肯定及良好的教学效果。
语种：
中文
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Calibration Transfer for Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy Based on Neighborhood Preserving Embedding
作者：
Chen, Lijuan;Liu, Dawei;Zhou, Jiheng* ;Bin, Jun* ;Li, Zhen
期刊：
Analytical Letters ,2021年54(6):947-965 ISSN：0003-2719
通讯作者：
Zhou, Jiheng;Bin, Jun
作者机构：
[Zhou, Jiheng; Chen, Lijuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Dawei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Bin, Jun] Guizhou Univ, Coll Tobacco Sci, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zhen] Guizhou Tobacco Co, Qianxinan Branch, Xingyi, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Jiheng] H;[Bin, Jun] G;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Guizhou Univ, Coll Tobacco Sci, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Calibration transfer;dimensionality reduction;near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR);neighborhood preserving embedding (NPE)
摘要：
Calibration transfer is a subtle issue in the practical application of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique. In this paper, a novel method to calibration transfer based on neighborhood preserving embedding (CTNPE) for correcting spectral differences was proposed. As a manifold learning method, neighborhood preserving embedding (NPE) can not only capture the nonlinear manifold structure, but also retain the linearity and show good generalization ability. Since this approach can reveal low dimensional manifold structure in high dimensional spectroscopic data, it is beneficial to construct the transform relationship between source and target spectra. The performance of CTNPE was assessed and compared to that of piecewise direct standardization (PDS) and other four dimensionality reduction-based methods, including transfer based on target factor analysis (TTFA), spectral space transformation (SST), calibration transfer based on canonical correlation analysis (CTCCA) and based on independent component analysis (CTICA), in two real cases. The results indicated that CTNPE was able to successfully transfer spectra between instruments and samples in different physical states. Furthermore, CTNPE provided lower prediction errors than PDS, TTFA, CTCCA, SST, CTICA and direct prediction without a transfer function. Therefore, the comprehensive investigation carried out in the presented work demonstrates that CTNPE is a promising calibration transfer method for NIR, especially for correcting the variations for samples in different physical states. © 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
语种：
英文
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Effects of low molecular weight organic acids on adsorption of quinclorac by sepiolite
作者：
Yang, Lihua;Deng, Yaocheng;Gong, Daoxin* ;Luo, Haifeng* ;Zhou, Xuguo;...
期刊：
Environmental Science and Pollution Research ,2021年28(8):9582-9597 ISSN：0944-1344
通讯作者：
Gong, Daoxin;Luo, Haifeng
作者机构：
[Deng, Yaocheng; Gong, Daoxin; Yang, Lihua; Jiang, Fangzhou] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Haifeng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuguo] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
通讯机构：
[Gong, Daoxin; Luo, Haifeng] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Low molecular weight organic acids;Quinclorac;Sepiolite;Adsorption;Mechanism
摘要：
The effects of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) on the adsorption of quinclorac by sepiolite were investigated using laboratory batch technique. Experiments were conducted with two natural sepiolite samples with different crystal structures and chemical compositions and high-purity sepiolite. The LMWOAs used were acetic, oxalic, and citric acid. And the adsorption mechanism was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Our analysis revealed that adsorption of quinclorac on α-sepiolite and β-sepiolite was inhibited in the presence of 4 mmol L−1 LMWOAs, whereas LMWOAs stimulated the adsorption of quinclorac in the high-purity sepiolite. Inhibition or stimulation varied across the different types of organic acids. The adsorption isotherms in the presence of 4 mmol L−1 LMWOAs were better explained by Freundlich and linear model. The effect of organic acid concentrations (0–32 mmol L−1) on the adsorption of quinclorac by the three sepiolite samples varies greatly depending on the type of organic acid and the property of sepiolite. FTIR, XRD, and XPS analyses showed that LMWOAs bound strongly to the Si–O bond structure, and Si–O-quinclorac-acetic acid (oxalic acid or citric acid) was formed on the surface of β-sepiolite. The adsorption of quinclorac by β-sepiolite was via hydrogen bond, complexation reactions, and charge transfer in the presence of LMWOAs. These results indicate that LMWOAs affect quinclorac adsorption through various interactions involving competition, electrostatic attraction, bridging action, and hydrogen bonding. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
语种：
英文
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植保机在线混药系统的设计及混药性能试验
作者：
汪福杰;蒋蘋;石毅新;胡文武;罗亚辉;...
期刊：
湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版) ,2020年46(2):236-242 ISSN：1007-1032
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院,湖南长沙 410128;[周书娴; 罗亚辉; 胡文武; 蒋蘋; 汪福杰; 石毅新] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
植保机;在线混药系统;混合器;数值模拟;分光光度法;变异系数
摘要：
为提高植保机喷雾作业中的农药利用率,设计了一种在线混药系统。混药系统主要包括取水单元、取药单元、混合器和控制单元。系统工作时,控制单元控制取水单元和取药单元抽取水溶液和农药,注入混合器混合,混合液经隔膜泵加压后经过喷头喷施。基于计算流体力学理论,建立内置7块扰流板且注药口和注水口沿边壁垂直分布并正对第1块扰流板的圆柱形静态混合器模型,运用Fluent软件对模型进行数值分析,结果常压(0.1 MPa)时,混合器出口处药水混合均匀性变异系数为2.2%,药水混合效果最佳,但注药口有药剂回流现象,故提出药剂加压的模拟方案。药剂加压1 MPa时,注药口无药剂回流现象,药水混合均匀性变异系数为2.0%,药水混合效果优于常压。用胭脂红溶液替代农药进行试验,加压状态下,混药系统喷头处混药稳定性最大相对误差为4.301%,药水混合变异系数最大,为3.989%,混药性能优于常压,与仿真结果基本吻合;对在线混药系统进行隔膜泵变工况试验,结果水流量在35~140 L/min时,药水配比为(1∶300)~(1∶3 000)时,在线混药系统混合均匀性系数最大,为4.670%。
语种：
中文
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匀速移动汽车荷载在曲形路面行驶的动力响应分析
作者：
杨敬林;万琳辉;方亮
期刊：
安徽建筑 ,2020年(05):383-384+392 ISSN：1007-7359
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院,湖南长沙410128
会议名称：
第23届华东6省1市土木建筑工程建造技术交流会
会议时间：
201709
会议地点：
安徽池州
会议论文集名称：
第23届华东6省1市土木建筑工程建造技术交流会论文集
关键词：
汽车荷载;曲形路面;动力响应;动挠度;自由振动
摘要：
文章模拟移动汽车荷载在不平整路面行驶,路面形状假设为一曲形路面,将移动汽车简化为质量弹簧系统,研究汽车行驶通过该曲形道路,探讨路面与车辆的的振动问题,由振动基本理论求解振动微分方程,得出曲形路面在移动汽车通过路面时动力挠度的解析解,得出曲形路面在不同移动汽车行驶速度时的动挠度变化曲线,探讨了动挠度随曲形路面长度的变化,此外也研究了在移动汽车荷载通过曲形路面后该道路路面的自由振动规律。最后通过实例数值计算,得出曲形路面在移动汽车荷载不同行驶速度时的动力挠度曲线,也探讨了在三种汽车行驶速度工况下动挠度随曲形路面长度的变化,为道路设计与汽车在不平整路面行驶时的影响提供一些参考依据。
语种：
中文
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钵苗移栽机取苗装置研究现状及展望
作者：
冯世杰;吴明亮;颜波;全伟
期刊：
农机化研究 ,2020年42(12):1-9 ISSN：1003-188X
作者机构：
湖南农业大学 工学院, 长沙 410128;信阳农林学院 园艺学院, 河南 信阳 464000;湖南省现代农业装备工程技术研究中心, 长沙 410128;[吴明亮; 全伟; 颜波; 冯世杰] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
钵苗;移栽机;取苗装置
摘要：
钵苗自动化移栽是提高作物单产、保障我国粮食供给安全的重要手段。为此,对国内外钵苗移栽机取苗装置的研究现状进行了阐述,按照取苗方式的不同将取苗装置分为气力辅助式、顶出式、夹取式、组合式和带式5类,指出了现有取苗装置存在的问题,提出了相应的建议,并对钵苗自动移栽机取苗装置的发展趋势进行了探讨。
语种：
中文
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Performance assessment of a self-propelled paddy grain thresher under different threshing functional parameters
作者：
Looh, G. A.;Xie, F.* ;Mangeh, F. C., III;Wang, X.
期刊：
APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE ,2020年36(2):141-149 ISSN：0883-8542
通讯作者：
Xie, F.
作者机构：
[Looh, G. A.; Mangeh, F. C., III; Wang, X.] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Agr Mechanizat Engn, Coll Engn, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Xie, F.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsh, Peoples R China.;[Xie, F.] Ctr Southern Chinese Grain & Oilseed, Hunan Prov Key Lab Intelligent Agicultural Equipm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xie, F.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xie, F.] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Assessment;Axial threshing unit;Concave clearance;Cylinder speed;Feed rate;Functional parameters;Threshing percentage
摘要：
This research was conducted to assess the performance of a self-propelled mini combine harvester, model number 4LZ-0.8 under different threshing functional parameters such as cylinder speed, concave clearance, and feed rate. An indoor experiment was conducted using the mini combine with an axial flow threshing cylinder and tangential feeding of material. These functional parameters were set at 5 levels each. The responses were obtained in terms of threshing percentage, percentage of unthreshed grains and percentage of broken grains. Response values were analyzed using the response surface tool (rstool) in MATLAB. Analysis of variance was done to determine the significant effects of the factor variations on the response values. MATLAB was used to present response surface graphs that were used to describe the variations of the responses as the factors changed from one level to the other. Results showed that with an increase in cylinder speed from 697 to 1202 rpm, the percentage of broken grains increased significantly from 0.0384% to 3.4052%, respectively. At cylinder speeds of 697 and 1202 rpm, the percentage of unthreshed grains increased from 0.1515% to 0.2162%, respectively. Furthermore, an increase in feed rate decreased the threshing percentage. The highest threshing percentage was obtained at an average concave clearance of 27 mm. Furthermore, it was realized that increasing the concave clearance from 18 to 35 mm, equally increased the percentage of unthreshed grains from 0.1478% to 0.3177%. The percentage of grain damage decreased from 3.2758% to 0.0268% with an increase in concave clearance from 18 to 35 mm, respectively. From the results obtained, it was tested and suggested that operating the threshing cylinder at a cylinder speed of 1100 rpm, concave clearance of 27 mm and feed rate of 0.9 kg s-1 offered the best machine performance. At these suggested values of the operating parameters, the threshing percentage was 99.9801%, the percentage of broken grains was 0.0134%, and the percentage of unthreshed grains was 0.0199%. Copyright © 2020 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
语种：
英文
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Design and experimental study on automatic levelling system of high ground gap plant protection system chassis
作者：
Yixin Shi;Xin Shu;Ping Jiang;Wenwu Hu;Wei Lin;...
期刊：
International Journal of Applied Systemic Studies ,2020年9(1):11-25 ISSN：1751-0589
通讯作者：
Jiang, P.
作者机构：
[Shi Y.; Shu X.; Dong C.; Jiang P.; Hu W.; Lin W.] College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Jiang, P.] C;College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词：
plant protection machine;fuzzy control;control system;automatic levelling;levelling strategy.
摘要：
In order to realise ground clearance and levelling control of plant protection machine in high ground clearance. In this paper, a chassis automatic levelling control system is designed. Position error control method and angle error control method are used to control the chassis automatic levelling control system, which is divided into ground clearance height adjustment and chassis levelling control strategy, respectively. The system is controlled by combining fuzzy control algorithm and preset point levelling method. The experiment was carried out on the chassis of our self-developed multi-functional plant protection machine with high ground clearance. The results show that the automatic levelling system can complete the chassis levelling well. Its average horizontal error is < 0.20°, root mean square error < 0.25°, maximum error is 1.13°, average levelling time < 26 s, and levelling precision < 0.2°. The system can meet the operation requirements of plant protection machine. Copyright © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
语种：
英文
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水稻秸秆压块成型工艺参数试验优化
作者：
张贝贝;易鹏;罗海峰;吴明亮;谢伟;...
期刊：
中国农机化学报 ,2020年41(6):120-125,136 ISSN：2095-5553
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院,长沙市,410128;南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙市,410128;湖南省现代农业装备工程技术研究中心,长沙市,410128;[吴明亮; 陈文凯; 谢伟; 易鹏; 张贝贝; 罗海峰] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
水稻秸秆;压块;工艺参数;正交试验
摘要：
田间移除秸秆可以减轻水稻重金属超标的问题,水稻秸秆压块成型可以为田间快速移除秸秆提供有利条件,因此对水稻秸秆快速压块成型设备关键部件和液压系统进行设计选型。选取压块成型过程中素秸秆长度、含水率、批次装填量等主要影响因素,以压缩块成型效果和密度为指标进行单因素试验,并在该基础上选取合适的作业范围进行多因素试验,极差分析和方差分析得到最优组合为稻秸秆含水率25%、切碎长度25 mm、批次装填量30 kg,对应稻秸秆压块成型密度为0.77 g/cm~3,压块成型效果最佳。
语种：
中文
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美人蕉、梭鱼草和黄菖蒲人工湿地系统对养猪废水的脱氮特征研究
作者：
夏梦华;刘铭羽;郭宁宁;叶磊;李希;...
期刊：
生态与农村环境学报 ,2020年36(8):1080-1088 ISSN：1673-4831
作者机构：
中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125;中国科学院大学,北京 100049;湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,湖南长沙410006;湖南农业大学工学院,湖南长沙410128;[吴金水; 李希; 夏梦华; 李裕元; 刘铭羽; 张满意] 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所
关键词：
养猪废水;人工湿地;梭鱼草;黄菖蒲;美人蕉;脱氮特征
摘要：
湿地植物是人工湿地系统的重要组成部分之一,不同植物构建的湿地系统有不同的脱氮特征。通过野外小区试验,以3种常见挺水植物———美人蕉(Canna indica) 、梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata) 、黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus)为研究对象,在水力停留时间为7 d时探究其对养猪废水(沼液)的脱氮特征。结果表明: 3种植物湿地系统对TN、NH_4~+-N和NO_3~--N的去除效果均为梭鱼草>黄菖蒲>美人蕉,脱氮量分别为3.93、3.74和2.96 g·m~(-2)·d~(-1),其中微生物转化脱氮居主导地位,分别占去除总量的66%、73%和64%,底泥吸附(13%、10%和22%)和植物吸收(21%、17%和14%)途径占比均较低。3种挺水植物在养猪废水(沼液)中均可存活,其中梭鱼草生物量较大,湿地脱氮效果最好,适合作为养猪废水(沼液)处理的先锋植物;黄菖蒲根系相对发达,低温阶段生长良好,与梭鱼草存在季节方面的互补性;美人蕉耐受能力较强,但净化能力较弱。
语种：
中文
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农业机器人技术发展综述
作者：
肖旭;李明;谢景鑫;黄金其;张良;...
期刊：
湖南农业科学 ,2020年(11):113-118 ISSN：1006-060X
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院,湖南 长沙 410128;湖南省农业装备研究所, 湖南 长沙 410125
关键词：
农业机器人;分类;设施农业机器人;大田生产机器人;综述
摘要：
农业机器人技术近年来得到了广泛的研究,根据农业机器人的功能和用途可以将农业机器人分为设施农业机器人、大田生产机器人和畜牧类养殖机器人.介绍了农业机器人的特点及分类,综述了设施农业机器人、大田生产机器人在农业领域的应用现状,总结了目前农业机器人技术发展面临的主要问题,并预测了农业机器人未来的主要发展方向,以期为农业机器人技术的进一步发展提供参考.
语种：
中文
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离地高度可调的减振式履带驱动机构设计
作者：
陈斌;张致远;肖名涛;孙松林
期刊：
农业装备与车辆工程 ,2020年58(3):32-34 ISSN：1673-3142
作者机构：
410000 湖南省长沙市 湖南农业大学工学院;[孙松林; 陈斌; 肖名涛; 张致远] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
履带底盘;驱动机构;离地高度;减振
摘要：
履带式农田作业车由于其优异的通过性与稳定的行驶性能,被广泛使用于南方丘陵地区。针对传统履带底盘采用刚性悬架,无法调节离地高度,行驶时乘坐舒适性较差的问题,设计了一种离地高度可调的减振式履带驱动机构。该机构采用分离式设计,将整个驱动机构分为上层承载架与下层行驶架,通过在上、下层之间设置液压缸与弹性元件,达到在一定区间内调节车辆离地高度与减少车身振动的目的。通过对关键部件进行重点设计,并对其工作过程进行简要分析,该机构在理论上能达到设计要求。
语种：
中文
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基于EDEM的植苗沟槽成形分析与试验研究
作者：
肖仕雄;肖名涛;孙松林;陈斌
期刊：
农机化研究 ,2020年42(11):145-149+161 ISSN：1003-188X
作者机构：
湖南农业大学 工学院, 长沙 410128
关键词：
移栽;油菜;沟槽;成形;回土率
摘要：
针对在南方稻油轮作的种植方式中,油菜移栽密度高及现阶段机具作业效率低等问题,提出了一种厢面开植苗沟槽的移栽方法。为了验证植苗沟槽的成形机理,采用了EDEM软件分析了植苗沟槽的成形过程,建立了土壤含水率在30%与12%时的EDEM土壤模型。通过仿真试验分析了土壤在2、4、6、8cm处的回土特性,得出了土壤之间的粘性力与回土率相关性。试验结果与仿真结果十分接近,证明了模型的可靠性。
语种：
中文
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联合收割机配套稻秸秆粉碎还田装置设计
作者：
吴卫东;李军政;廖育林;王林
期刊：
农业装备与车辆工程 ,2020年58(5):11-14 ISSN：1673-3142
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院;[廖育林] 湖南省土壤肥料研究所;[吴卫东; 王林; 李军政] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
联合收割机;青秸秆;粉碎;还田
摘要：
针对稻秸秆粉碎装置对含水率较高的青秸秆工作时会出现粉碎不充分、机具堵塞、还田不均匀等问题,设计了一种悬挂在联合收割机后面的新型稻秸秆粉碎还田装置。该装置采用滚刀式的切割方式,设置有输送绞龙和专门的还田装置,采用结构设计的方式提高秸秆还田机具的秸秆粉碎长度合格率,降低秸秆还田不均匀度,对装置完成研制并对其进行了台架试验。
语种：
中文
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锈蚀HRB500钢筋混凝土板抗弯性能试验研究
作者：
方亮;周云;易督航
期刊：
湖南大学学报(自然科学版) ,2020年47(11):84-94 ISSN：1674-2974
作者机构：
湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082;湖南农业大学工学院,湖南 长沙 410128;西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031;[易督航] 西南交通大学;[方亮; 周云] 湖南大学
关键词：
HRB500级钢筋;锈蚀;钢筋混凝土板;抗弯承载力
摘要：
采用通电方式对配置HRB500级钢筋和普通钢筋的混凝土板进行加速锈蚀,并对锈蚀钢筋混凝土板进行抗弯承载力试验研究.对比分析了不同锈蚀程度下钢筋混凝土板的破坏形态、抗弯承载能力、荷载-挠度曲线.同时,通过试验研究了锈蚀钢筋受拉性能和黏结性能随锈蚀程度不同的变化规律.考虑板内不同锈蚀程度的钢筋可能发生受拉屈服或黏结滑移破坏,提出锈蚀钢筋混凝土板抗弯承载力计算方法.经过对比分析,试验结果与计算模型吻合良好,锈蚀板抗弯承载力计算值与试验值之比的平均值为1.019,标准差为0.081.
语种：
中文
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基于卡尔曼滤波的播种机GPS测速数据优化算法研究
作者：
李亚军;向阳;刘研;林洁雯;胡正方;...
期刊：
中国农机化学报 ,2020年41(01):148-154 ISSN：2095-5553
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院,长沙市,410128;[林洁雯; 李亚军; 胡正方; 代秀峰; 向阳; 刘研] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
播种机;测速精度;卡尔曼滤波
摘要：
利用GPS可获取播种机行进速度,为控制排种器转速提供参考。针对低成本GPS接收机在低速时测速精度较低不能满足精密播种要求的问题,搭建速度监测移动平台,对0.5~1 m/s速度范围的GPS测速数据精度进行分析,并基于卡尔曼滤波对GPS测速数据进行优化。试验及数据分析结果表明,随着移动速度的降低,原始GPS测速数据误差不断增大,最大相对均方根误差可达7.3%。使用卡尔曼滤波优化后,相对均方根误差比滤波前平均低3.93%,且测速数据精度受移动速度的影响大幅下降。拖拉机搭载GPS试验结果表明,应用优化算法可将GPS测速数据相对误差由平均4.85%降低到2.27%。
语种：
中文
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钵苗移栽机械研究现状与发展趋势
作者：
毛灿;罗海峰;朱毅;张贝贝;肖霄
期刊：
中国农机化学报 ,2020年41(01):215-222 ISSN：2095-5553
作者机构：
湖南农业大学工学院,长沙市,410128;[朱毅; 肖霄; 张贝贝; 罗海峰; 毛灿] 湖南农业大学
关键词：
钵苗;移栽;半自动;供苗系统
摘要：
育苗移栽是作物生产过程中的重要环节,对减少病虫害、提高幼苗存活率和节本增效方面具有重要作用。而钵苗移栽是作物移栽的一种主要生产方式,具有增产,解决茬口矛盾的优势。随着移栽机械在农业生产中日益受到人们关注,发展钵苗移栽机械对提高移栽生产机械化具有重要意义。论述了国内外钵苗移栽机械的研究现状,介绍了国内钵苗移栽机械的主要类型和原理,总结国内研究机构对钵苗移栽机械关键部件的设计与理论研究。分析了现有钵苗移栽机械存在的问题,并对未来的发展提出了建议,为钵苗移栽机械的研究提供参考依据。
语种：
中文
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Residual behavior and risk assessment of butralin in peanut fields
作者：
Yang, Lihua;Song, Xiangxiang;Zhou, Xuguo;Zhou, Yuzhou;Zhou, Yaoyu* ;...
期刊：
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ,2020年192(1):62 ISSN：0167-6369
通讯作者：
Zhou, Yaoyu;Gong, Daoxin
作者机构：
[Yang, Danxin; Deng, Yaocheng; Gong, Daoxin; Yang, Lihua; Zhou, Yuzhou; Zhou, Yaoyu; Song, Xiangxiang; Zhou, YY; Gong, DX; Chen, Ling] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Haifeng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuguo] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, YY; Gong, DX] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Butralin;Degradation;Half-life;Peanut;Residue;Risk assessment
摘要：
Butralin is widely used to control single-leaf weeds and some dicotyledons. The application of butralin in the environment may cause residue beyond regulation criteria and residual toxicity. Therefore, it is important to detect and supervise the dissipation behavior of butralin in edible raw food and in the environment. The aim of this study was to monitor butralin in peanuts and soil under farmland conditions and examine the likely dietary risk assessment of butralin for Chinese people on the basis of residual concentrations. A method for the analysis of butralin residue and its dissipation in peanut plants and soil under field conditions was investigated. The results show that an analytical method for the quantization of butralin in peanuts and soil utilizing gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) was developed. Standard recovery experiments using three different butralin spiking levels of 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0mgkg−1 in different samples (i.e., peanut kernels, shell, seedling, stalk, and soil) were conducted. The recoveries of butralin from all matrices ranged from 86 to 108% with relative standard deviations from 3 to 6% (n = 5). The limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method was 0.01mgkg−1. After storage at − 20°C for 365days, the degradation rate of residues of butralin in peanut kernels was less than 30%, which met the storage stability test criteria for pesticide residues in stored commodities of plant origin. The dissipation half-lives of butralin ranged from 4.2 to 6.6days and 4.6 to 6.6days in peanut seedlings and soil, respectively, in farmland ecosystems. At the normal harvest time, the final residue concentrations of butralin in peanuts and soil were all below the LOQ. The final total risk quotient (RQ) values were much lower than RQ = 100%, which indicated that the long-run fitness risk associated with butralin residue in different groups of registered crops is correspondingly low for people in China. The current research results could offer guidance for the rational use of butralin and provide data support for the building of maximum residue limits (MRLs) in China. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
语种：
英文
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