通讯机构：
[Xie, XX ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Econ Coll, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Environmental regulation;Plastic pollution;High-standard mulch film;Use and recycling behavior
摘要：
The widespread use of ultra-thin mulch films has been considered the root cause of China's difficulties in recycling waste mulch films and their severe residue and pollution. Therefore, environmental regulation to guide farmers to use and recycle high-standard mulch has become a key measure to prevent and control mulch pollution at the source. In this paper, we review environmental regulation measures for mulch pollution and their implementation characteristics in the northwest dry farming restoration region as a case study, and explore their impact on the use and recycling of high-standard mulch. The results show that China's environmental regulations on mulch use and recycling can be classified into three types: guidance, incentives, and restrictions. However, the measures implemented so far primarily consist of guidance, while the restrictive and incentive regulations are inadequate. The percentage of farmers using and recycling high-standard mulch under environmental regulations is relatively high (88.18% and 79.83%, respectively), but there is still room for improvement. The study also reveals that while environmental regulations promote the use of high-standard plastic film and its recycling, not all measures are equally effective. Specifically, the implementation of measures such as benefits publicity, price subsidies, technical training, behavior supervision, and punishment mechanisms can be effective in improving farmers' adoption of high-standard plastic mulch; publicizing the hazards of mulch residue, training on recycling techniques, establishing recycling sites, regulating recycling practices, and penalizing violations can effectively help increase the recycling rate of used mulch film. Finally, this study provides a valuable reference for improving regulatory policies for mulch pollution control.
通讯机构：
[Peng Yating] S;School of Pharmacy, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha 410600, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
domestic violence;emotional abuse;educational achievements;physical and mental health
摘要：
This paper takes the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) as a sample to assess the long-term impacts of domestic violence experienced in childhood on individuals. First, from the four dimensions of injury from violence, negligent care, emotional abuse and witness to domestic violence, an indicator system for quantifying domestic violence is constructed. Second, the simultaneous equation of self-evaluation health and life satisfaction is estimated by the seemingly unrelated regression model. Starting with education, health and life satisfaction, the long-term impact of domestic violence experiences on individuals is quantitatively assessed, providing empirical evidence for preventing and curing domestic violence and healing trauma. The empirical research shows the following: (1) An experience of domestic violence significantly reduces educational achievements. Compared with the three dimensions of injury from violence, negligent care and witnessing domestic violence, emotional abuse has the greatest negative impact on educational achievements. (2) Domestic violence significantly reduces the self-assessed health level and life satisfaction and increases the subjective mental health risk. Based on the complexity and concealment of domestic violence, combined with empirical research conclusions, this paper proposes countermeasures to prevent and control domestic violence.
作者机构：
[Qu, Feng; Huang, Yuanyu; Zhao, Yi; Yang, Ge; Zhang, Xiaomin] Beijing Inst Technol, Adv Res Inst Multidisciplinary Sci, Sch Life Sci, Key Lab Mol Med & Biotherapy,Key Lab Med Mol Sci &, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Ge] Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll, CAMS Key Lab Antiviral Drug Res, Beijing Key Lab Antimicrobial Agents, Inst Med Biotechnol,NHC Key Lab Biotechnol Antibio, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.;[Dai, Xuyan] Hunan Agr Univ, Econ Coll, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Wenjing] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Chest Hosp, Beijing TB & Thorac Tumor Res Inst, Beijing Key Lab Drug Resistance TB Res, Beijing 101125, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yuanyu Huang; Ge Yang] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China<&wdkj&>CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
摘要：
As a type II transmembrane serine protease, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is specifically expressed on the surface of fibroblasts associated with a variety of epithelial-derived malignancies such as pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer. It participates in the processes of tumorigenesis, progression, and immunosuppression. FAP constitutes an important target for tumor treatment; however, the current studies on FAP are mainly related to structural characteristics, enzymatic properties, and biological functions, and aptamers of FAP have not been investigated. In this work, by using recombinant human FAP as the target, five candidate aptamers, which are AptFAP-A1, AptFAP-A2, AptFAP-A3, AptFAP-A4, and AptFAP-A5, were selected by capillary electrophoresis-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (CE-SELEX), and their secondary structures were predicted to be mainly stem-loop. Moreover, the CE-laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method was used to determine the equilibrium dissociation constant K-D values between the FAP protein and candidate aptamers, and the K-D value was in the low molar range. Finally, Cy5-labeled aptamers were co-incubated with human pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts highly expressing FAP protein, and confocal microscopy imaging showed that aptamer AptFAP-A4 had the highest affinities with the cells. The FAP aptamers screened in this study provide a promising direction for the development of rapid tumor diagnosis and targeted therapy.
