关键词：
participation in cooperatives;Grain family farms;cultivated land quality protection behavior;Effects;China
摘要：
Introduction: The implementation of cultivated land quality protection is fundamental for ensuring the sustainable use of land resources, and it is the inevitable choice for maintaining the balance of agricultural ecology and promoting the long-term healthy development of agriculture. Methods: Based on survey data from 927 grain family farms in 13 major grain-producing areas in China, this paper empirically tests the effects of participation in cooperatives on the cultivated land quality protection behavior of grain family farms by using a logit model, an ordered probit model and the propensity score matching method. Results: The results show that participation in cooperatives has a significant positive effect on the implementation of cultivated land quality protection behavior and the degree of cultivated land quality protection of grain family farms. A series of robustness tests reveals that the conclusion of the study does not change. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the probability of implementing cultivated land quality protection behavior significantly increased, and the effect was greater for farms with the younger farmers, farmers of lower education level, farmers of non-party members, larger scale of operation, longer establishment years, larger labor force, or provincial demonstration. Discussion: On this basis, we should vigorously support and guide grain family farms to participate in cooperatives, give full play to the advantages of cooperatives, effectively encourage farms to implement cultivated land quality protection behavior, and promote sustainable agricultural development.
关键词：
Agricultural water conservancy;Cooperation strategy;Digitization;PPP project;SD evolutionary game
摘要：
This study constructed a system dynamics (SD) evolutionary game model, from which we analyzed the conditions that need to be met by multi-agents to achieve cooperation in agricultural water conservancy (AWC) Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. Simultaneously, this study used numerical simulation to depict the impact of initial participation willingness, reward, punishment, income, and other parameters of local governments, project enterprises, and farmers on the evolution strategy. The results firstly showed that the basic conditions for tripartite cooperation are to strengthen the rewards and punishments for project enterprises and improve the participation benefits of farmers. Secondly, it showed that increasing the rewards for farmers and improving the project dividend benefits can effectively motivate farmers to participate. Thirdly, it showed that enhancing the incentive subsidies and reputation benefits for project enterprise's participation, as well as strengthening the supervision of local government, boosts the motivation of project enterprises significantly. However, it is vital to ensure that the reward amounts are not too high to allow local government to play its guiding role efficiently. Lastly, the results indicated that digital technology can help reduce the participation cost of local government, project enterprises and farmers, and improve the external reputation benefits of each participant, thus forming a win-win situation for all three participants. Analyzing the cooperation strategies of the three parties in AWC PPP projects provides theoretical support and a decision-making basis for the efficient operation of AWC PPP projects under the digital background, and also provides practical policy recommendations for the high-quality development of AWC.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, W ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Econ, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
High standard farmland construction;Spatial and temporal variation;Convergence;China
摘要：
To assess the efficiency of high-standard farmland construction (HSFC), this study utilized data spanning from 1998 to 2020 obtained from 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China. This assessment was conducted using a three-stage super-efficient slack-based measure data envelopment analysis(SBM-DEA)model. Furthermore, we investigated the spatial and temporal variances and convergence of HSFC efficiency using the Dagum Gini coefficient and convergence analysis. The results firstly show that from 2007 to 2020, China's HSFC efficiency displayed fluctuations and declines, significantly influenced by environmental and stochastic factors. Secondly, it showed that the gap in China's HSFC efficiency has widened, with super-variable density being demonstrated as the primary source of spatial imbalance in HSFC efficiency. Thirdly, it showed that the deviation in the efficiency of HSFC in the central region of China from the average level has shown a gradually declining trend, while the deviation in the efficiency of HSFC in the national, western, eastern, and northeastern regions has not presented a downward trend. Fourthly, it demonstrated that over time, the efficiency of building high-standard agriculture throughout the nation and its four main areas will converge to the same level.
摘要：
<jats:p>This paper investigates the impact of environmental courts on pollution abatement at the city level, utilizing the establishment of environmental courts in China as a quasi-experiment. A spatial difference-in-differences model is employed to control for the influence of environmental courts on neighbouring non-pilot cities. The results underscore the effectiveness of environmental courts in reducing industrial pollutant emissions, evident in both the pilot areas and adjacent non-pilot areas. The influence of environmental courts on pollution abatement is more pronounced in cities characterized by stronger environmental regulations, higher level of economic agglomeration, and higher level of openness. Mechanism analysis shows that environmental courts promote environmental supervision by governments, public participation in environmental protection, and expenditure on environmental governance by firms. In summary, this paper unveils the tangible effects of environmental courts on pollution abatement and elucidates the mechanisms underpinning this relationship. These findings provide timely implications for regulators concerned with environmental protection.</jats:p>
摘要：
(1) Background: Most nations struggle to close significant income gaps between high and low earners. While the adoption of farm machinery rental services and off-farm employment may be beneficial, it is unclear whether jointly applying both approaches can raise income levels in rural households or help narrow the income gap within the farm sector. This study investigated scenarios involving both participation in farm machinery rental markets and in off-farm work, analyzing their varied impacts on household incomes based on survey data from 1027 rice producers in rural China. (2) Methods: We employed a two-stage econometric procedure encompassing a bivariate ordered probit model with an endogeneity-corrected unconditional quantile regression model. (3) Results: Rice farmers often simultaneously rent farm machinery services and engage in off-farm work. Both activities positively affect their household incomes; however, these effects vary across different income levels. Renting farm machinery provides greater marginal benefits for lower-income households, while off-farm employment has a stronger impact on higher-income households. Farm machinery rental services appear to benefit disadvantaged households more than off-farm employment opportunities do. (4) Suggestions: To enhance the welfare of lower-income households, policymakers should focus on expanding access to farm machinery rental services.
关键词：
Social capital;agricultural credit guarantee;participation behavior;social network;trust;entrepreneurs
摘要：
Agricultural credit guaranteed loans were effective in alleviating the challenges of securing funding and obtaining costly finance for new agricultural enterprises. This research utilized the Probit model to empirically analyze the impact and influence of social capital on the participation behavior of agricultural credit guaranteed loans, based on survey data from 503 newly established agricultural businesses in Hunan Province. The findings indicated that social capital, social network, social trust, and social involvement all exert a favorable and substantial influence on the behavior of participating in agricultural credit guaranteed loans. Additional analysis revealed that the impression of value had a role in moderating the impact of social capital on the behavior of participating in agricultural credit guaranteed loans. Furthermore, the influence of social capital on engagement patterns varies across distinct demographic categories, including age, educational attainment, and years of business experience.
关键词：
agricultural multi-function;grain family farm;sustainable development;evaluation system;China
摘要：
Introduction Grain family farms play an important role in promoting agricultural modernization and rural revitalization in China. Taking Hunan Province as an example, based on survey data from 400 grain family farms and agricultural multi-function theory, 24 specific indicators were selected from three dimensions-economic benefits, social benefits, and ecological benefits-to construct an evaluation system for the sustainable development level of grain family farms.Methods The entropy weight TOPSIS method was used to measure the sustainable development level of grain family farms in Hunan Province, and the obstacle factor diagnosis model was used to explore the main obstacle factors affecting the sustainable development of grain family farms.Results (1) The sustainable development level of grain family farms in Hunan Province was classified as good overall with respect to the classification criteria of existing relevant studies, but there were comparative differences in each dimension among the four regions (central Hunan, northern Hunan, southern Hunan, and western Hunan) of Hunan Province. (2) According to the diagnosis and analysis results of the obstacle degree, the top six obstacle factors affecting the sustainable development level of grain family farms in Hunan Province were the effective use of water resources, soil protection, and improvement efforts, the number of agricultural ecological culture inheritance activities, carbon emission management, the number of jobs provided for farmers, and adaptability to external environmental changes.Discussion Relevant policies and systems should be formulated based on local conditions to enhance the integrity and synergy of the development of grain family farms in Hunan Province and to enhance the sustainable development ability of grain family farms in Hunan Province.
