期刊：
Journal of Environmental Management,2024年364:121472 ISSN：0301-4797
通讯作者：
Xia, YQ
作者机构：
[Xia, Longlong; Xia, Yongqiu; Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xiaoyuan; Yan, Xing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.;[Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Yongqiu; Han, Haojie; Li, Xiaohan; Yan, Xiaoyuan; Yan, Xing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing 211135, Peoples R China.;[Rong, Xiangmin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xia, YQ ] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Aquaculture;China;Net emission;Nitrous oxide;Small water body
摘要：
Aquaculture systems are expected to act as potential hotspots for nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions, largely attributed to substantial nutrient loading from aquafeed applications. However, the specific patterns and contributions of N(2)O fluxes from these systems to the global emissions inventory are not well characterized due to limited data. This study investigates the patterns of N(2)O flux across 127 freshwater systems in China to elucidate the role of aquaculture ponds and lakes/reservoirs in landscape N(2)O emission. Our findings show that the average N(2)O flux from aquaculture ponds was 3.63 times higher (28.73μg N(2)O m(-2) h(-1)) than that from non-aquaculture ponds. Additionally, the average N(2)O flux from aquaculture lakes/reservoirs (15.65μg N(2)O m(-2) h(-1)) increased 3.05 times compared to non-aquaculture lakes/reservoirs. The transition from non-aquaculture to aquaculture practices has resulted in a net annual increase of 7589±2409Mg N(2)O emissions in China's freshwater systems from 2003 to 2022, equivalent to 20% of total N(2)O emissions from China's inland water. Particularly, the robust negative regression relationship between N(2)O emission intensity and water area suggests that small ponds are hotspots of N(2)O emissions, a result of both elevated nutrient concentrations and more vigorous biogeochemical cycles. This indicates that N(2)O emissions from smaller aquaculture ponds are larger per unit area compared to equivalent larger water bodies. Our findings highlight that N(2)O emissions from aquaculture systems can not be proxied by those from natural water bodies, especially small water bodies exhibiting significant but largely unquantified N(2)O emissions. In the context of the rapid global expansion of aquaculture, this underscores the critical need to integrate aquaculture into global assessments of inland water N(2)O emissions to advance towards a low-carbon future.
摘要：
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal that causes serious damage to plant and human health. Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. has a large amount of aboveground biomass and a rapid growth rate, and it has been identified as a novel type of Cd hyperaccumulator that can be harnessed for phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of P. acinosa to Cd2+ stress remain largely unclear. In this study, the phenotype, biochemical, and physiological traits of P. acinosa seeds and seedlings were analyzed under different concentrations of Cd2+ treatments. The results showed higher Cd2+ tolerance of P. acinosa compared to common plants. Meanwhile, the Cd2+ content in shoots reached 449 mg/kg under 10 mg/L Cd2+ treatment, which was obviously higher than the threshold for Cd hyperaccumulators. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the adaptability of P. acinosa to Cd stress, RNA-Seq was used to examine transcriptional responses of P. acinosa to Cd stress. Transcriptome analysis found that 61 genes encoding TFs, 48 cell wall-related genes, 35 secondary metabolism-related genes, 133 membrane proteins and ion transporters, and 96 defense system-related genes were differentially expressed under Cd2+ stress, indicating that a series of genes were involved in Cd2+ stress, forming a complex signaling regulatory mechanism. These results provide new scientific evidence for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of P. acinosa response to Cd2+ stress and new clues for the molecular breeding of heavy metal phytoremediation.
摘要：
Paddy crusts (PCs) influence seriously on the heavy metal migration and transformation in the paddy field system. However, their quantitative effect on heavy metal accumulation in rice plant has been rarely reported. In this study, the influence of microcystis-dominated PCs on Cd content and physicochemical properties of the surface soil, water and rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) during PCs' overall life cycle was investigated. During the PC growth period (0–15 d), the Cd content in the surface soil (0–10 cm) and water decreased by 10–20% due to the accumulation effect. However, during the perish period (15–35 d), the Cd content in the surface soil and water increased by 20–30%, as Cd stored in the PCs was re-released. Moreover, the decomposition of PCs produced a large amount of low-molecular-weight organic substances (<500 Da), significantly increasing the bioavailable acid-soluble Cd in the surface soil. Finally, the PCs increase 25–80% and 60–85% Cd content in rice root and shoot, respectively. A structural equation model demonstrated that the contribution to the Cd in rice roots in the sequence: Cd in surface water > PC > surface soil. Potted experiments using sandy, clay, sandy loam soil containing 0.8–3.5 mg/kg of Cd collected from six provinces’ paddy field in southern China confirmed that PCs increased the Cd accumulation in rice plants by as much as 25–80%. Consequently, the presence of PCs can enhance the Cd concentration in rice plants, and the removing PCs could be a potential effectively approach to reducing Cd content in rice plants.
Paddy crusts (PCs) influence seriously on the heavy metal migration and transformation in the paddy field system. However, their quantitative effect on heavy metal accumulation in rice plant has been rarely reported. In this study, the influence of microcystis-dominated PCs on Cd content and physicochemical properties of the surface soil, water and rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) during PCs' overall life cycle was investigated. During the PC growth period (0–15 d), the Cd content in the surface soil (0–10 cm) and water decreased by 10–20% due to the accumulation effect. However, during the perish period (15–35 d), the Cd content in the surface soil and water increased by 20–30%, as Cd stored in the PCs was re-released. Moreover, the decomposition of PCs produced a large amount of low-molecular-weight organic substances (<500 Da), significantly increasing the bioavailable acid-soluble Cd in the surface soil. Finally, the PCs increase 25–80% and 60–85% Cd content in rice root and shoot, respectively. A structural equation model demonstrated that the contribution to the Cd in rice roots in the sequence: Cd in surface water > PC > surface soil. Potted experiments using sandy, clay, sandy loam soil containing 0.8–3.5 mg/kg of Cd collected from six provinces’ paddy field in southern China confirmed that PCs increased the Cd accumulation in rice plants by as much as 25–80%. Consequently, the presence of PCs can enhance the Cd concentration in rice plants, and the removing PCs could be a potential effectively approach to reducing Cd content in rice plants.
关键词：
Paddy soil;Type I and II methanotrophs;Methane oxidation rate;Carbon conversion efficiency;PLFA-SIP;Climate zones;Soil pH
摘要：
Conventional aerobic methanotrophs oxidize methane (CH4) and covert CH4-derived carbon (C) into biomass at the oxic-anoxic interface of inundated rice paddy fields, playing indispensable role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and loss of organic C from methanogenesis. Two phylogenetically distinct groups of methanotrophs, type I (gamma-proteobacteria) and type II (alpha-proteobacteria) methanotrophs, often co-exist in rice paddy soil and compete for CH4 biotransformation. Since these two methanotrophic groups also possess differential kinetics of CH4 oxidation and pathways of C assimilation, the consequence of their niche differentiation and metabolic differences in soil is expected to affect the CH4 oxidation rate and C conversion efficiency. Here, we examined the microbiology, chemistry, and CH4 metabolism in 24 geographically different paddy soils, covering four climate zones of eastern China. High-throughput sequencing of pmoA gene displayed a clear separation of in situ methanotrophic compositions between temperate (warm and mid-temperate) and warmer (subtropics and tropics) climate zones, likely driven by soil pH. Both methanotrophic groups were detected in soils but proportions of type I methanotrophs increased in temperate soils of higher pH (accounting for 76.1 +/- 12.4% and 44.1 +/- 14.8% in warm temperate and mid-temperate, respectively). Type II methanotrophs prevailed in warmer zones (accounting for 66.2 +/- 21.6% and 70.5 +/- 12.1% in tropics and subtropics, respectively) where soils were more acidic. Higher incorporation of 13C for synthesis in C14+C16 PLFAs (63.1-93.4% of total production of 13C-PLFAs) was found based on microcosm incubation, reflecting type I methanotrophs dominated the CH4 assimilation in paddy soils. Particularly, temperate soils with increased proportions of type I methanotrophs showed higher CH4 oxidation rate and C conversion efficiency. Collectively, this study depicts a continental-scale disparity of methanotrophic dynamics that tightly associates with consequence of niche differentiation of different types of methanotrophs and highlights the importance of microbiological control to maximize the rate and efficiency of methanotrophy.
通讯机构：
[Hui Fu] E;Ecology Department, College of Resources & Environments, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
作者：
Avelino Núñez-Delgado*;Elza Bontempi;Yaoyu Zhou;Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez;María Victoria López-Ramón;...
期刊：
Processes,2024年12(7):1379- ISSN：2227-9717
通讯作者：
Avelino Núñez-Delgado
作者机构：
[Marco Race] Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy;[Mario Coccia] Research Institute on Sustainable Economic Growth, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin Research Area of the CNR, 10135 Torino, Italy;[Zhien Zhang] Department of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA;[Vanesa Santás-Miguel] Department of Plant Biology and Soil Sciences, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;[Yaoyu Zhou] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Avelino Núñez-Delgado] D;Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, University Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
The editors of this Topic, entitled “Environmental and Health Issues and Solutions for Anticoccidials and other Emerging Pollutants of Special Concern”, proposed it with the knowledge that emerging pollutants continue to be of crucial importance [...]
摘要：
High crop diversity can potentially enhance farmland productivity and ecosystem services, through direct or indirect effects, particularly belowground. Intercropping is a powerful technique to increase crop diversity and belowground biodiversity. It has attracted long-term global attention. However, little is known about the impacts of belowground microbiota on intercropping-driven increases in crop productivity. This study was an 8-year experiment involving five maize planting patterns, which aimed to distinguish the contributions of rare and abundant microbiota (bacteria, fungi, and eukaryotes) in rhizosphere soil to support maize production. The results indicated that the richness and phylogenetic diversity of rare microbial taxa were significantly higher than those of abundant taxa across all soil samples. Maize and soybean intercropping increased the diversity of rare taxa rather than abundant taxa. Plant growth stages significantly altered the community composition of both rare and abundant microbial taxa. The assembly of the rare and abundant communities is mainly driven by deterministic processes and, in particular, the abundant taxa rather than the rare taxa mainly contributed to maize productivity gain. The changes in maize productivity were significantly associated with many core species in the abundant microbial communities mainly belonging to bacterial Actinomycetales and Rhodocyclaceae, fungal Tausonia and Curvularia , and eukaryotic Leptophyryidae and Ochromonadaceae. The network complexity of abundant fungi and eukaryotic communities also exerted notable effects on maize productivity. Overall, these findings underscored the importance of the core taxa and network stability of abundant microbiota in intercropping systems. This suggests the potential of intercropping to improve crop production by regulating belowground microbial effects in intensive agroecosystems.
High crop diversity can potentially enhance farmland productivity and ecosystem services, through direct or indirect effects, particularly belowground. Intercropping is a powerful technique to increase crop diversity and belowground biodiversity. It has attracted long-term global attention. However, little is known about the impacts of belowground microbiota on intercropping-driven increases in crop productivity. This study was an 8-year experiment involving five maize planting patterns, which aimed to distinguish the contributions of rare and abundant microbiota (bacteria, fungi, and eukaryotes) in rhizosphere soil to support maize production. The results indicated that the richness and phylogenetic diversity of rare microbial taxa were significantly higher than those of abundant taxa across all soil samples. Maize and soybean intercropping increased the diversity of rare taxa rather than abundant taxa. Plant growth stages significantly altered the community composition of both rare and abundant microbial taxa. The assembly of the rare and abundant communities is mainly driven by deterministic processes and, in particular, the abundant taxa rather than the rare taxa mainly contributed to maize productivity gain. The changes in maize productivity were significantly associated with many core species in the abundant microbial communities mainly belonging to bacterial Actinomycetales and Rhodocyclaceae, fungal Tausonia and Curvularia , and eukaryotic Leptophyryidae and Ochromonadaceae. The network complexity of abundant fungi and eukaryotic communities also exerted notable effects on maize productivity. Overall, these findings underscored the importance of the core taxa and network stability of abundant microbiota in intercropping systems. This suggests the potential of intercropping to improve crop production by regulating belowground microbial effects in intensive agroecosystems.
关键词：
usage intensity of plastic film;loess model;plastic film covering ratio;soil available nutrients
摘要：
Plastic film mulching (PFM) technology plays an important role in agricultural production in “drought and cold” regions, and macroplastics pollution in farmland has become a major concern affecting the sustainable development of regional agricultural production. However, there remains a lack of research on the effects of film application and macroplastics characteristics on soil nutrients in farmland. In this study, the characteristics of plastic film application and macroplastics, and their effect on soil nutrients in typical plastic film cropland in northern Xinjiang were explored by field research and a review of the relevant literature. It was found that the average annual growth rate was higher in areas where the amount, usage intensity, and proportion of plastic film were lower. The amount of plastic film input was a key factor affecting the amount of macroplastics. The macroplastics amount of plastic film was positively correlated with soil organic carbon content and negatively correlated with soil available phosphorus; however, it had no effect on soil available potassium. It is necessary to take immediate action regarding the characteristics of plastic film application and macroplastics and the impact of macroplastics on soil nutrients, in order to establish a response to the dual challenges of food security and sustainable agricultural development in terms of plastic film pollution prevention and control measures.
关键词：
El Nino-Southern Oscillation;Eutrophication;Human activities;Hydrology;Meteorology
摘要：
The aquatic environment in lake ecosystems is greatly affected by human activities and global climate change, while studies on the cascading effects on water environments using a holistic approach are scarce. We employed generalized least squares (GLS) modeling to assess the annual trends in water quality of Lake Poyang from 1983 to 2018 and found that total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4), and the chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) increased, while total phosphorus (TP) showed no significant changes. Moreover, Cross-correlation function analyses demonstrated that following the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) operation, the influence of human activities, such as grain yield per unit area (GYP) and urban population (Upop), on water quality became more pronounced, while the role of regional meteorological factors like the monthly maximum value of daily minimum temperature (TNX) decreased. Generalized multilevel path models (GMPMs) revealed that human activities (GPY, Upop, fertilizer application) as well as climate (El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), meteorology) affected the water quality variables directly or indirectly via the hydrology (sediment discharge, water level). Thus, hydrology dominated the changes in TP (31.6 %) and TN (25.2 %), while human activities controlled the changes in NH4 (17.9 %) to a higher extent and meteorology the changes in CODMn (21.3 %). By contrast, ENSO exerted a relatively weak control on the water quality variables. Our results highlighted that regional meteorology as well as hydrology strongly modified the cascading effects of ENSO and human activities on water quality.
The aquatic environment in lake ecosystems is greatly affected by human activities and global climate change, while studies on the cascading effects on water environments using a holistic approach are scarce. We employed generalized least squares (GLS) modeling to assess the annual trends in water quality of Lake Poyang from 1983 to 2018 and found that total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4), and the chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) increased, while total phosphorus (TP) showed no significant changes. Moreover, Cross-correlation function analyses demonstrated that following the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) operation, the influence of human activities, such as grain yield per unit area (GYP) and urban population (Upop), on water quality became more pronounced, while the role of regional meteorological factors like the monthly maximum value of daily minimum temperature (TNX) decreased. Generalized multilevel path models (GMPMs) revealed that human activities (GPY, Upop, fertilizer application) as well as climate (El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), meteorology) affected the water quality variables directly or indirectly via the hydrology (sediment discharge, water level). Thus, hydrology dominated the changes in TP (31.6 %) and TN (25.2 %), while human activities controlled the changes in NH4 (17.9 %) to a higher extent and meteorology the changes in CODMn (21.3 %). By contrast, ENSO exerted a relatively weak control on the water quality variables. Our results highlighted that regional meteorology as well as hydrology strongly modified the cascading effects of ENSO and human activities on water quality.
关键词：
Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer;Double-cropping rice;Nitrogen losses;Nitrogen uptake;Productivity;Soil nitrogen pool
摘要：
Considerable literature has demonstrated the advantage of controlled-release nitrogen (CRN) fertilizer in improving crop productivity. However, few researches have explored the long-term impacts of using CRN fertilizers as alternative to common urea on production and N utilization in double-cropping paddy. To address this gap, our study utilized a database derived from a 10-year field experiment from 2013 to 2022. During early and late rice seasons, compared to common urea (early rice, 150kg hm(-2); late rice, 180kg hm(-2)), CRN fertilizer (150kg hm(-2); 180kg hm(-2)) input significantly increased yield by 7.4%, and 11.7%, as well as N use efficiency (NUE) from 23.0% and 24.6% to 33.0% and 37.5%, respectively. CRN application significantly reduced N losses, evidenced by decrease in runoff (23.1% and 19.4%), leaching (12.7% and 12.1%), ammonia volatilization (28.9% and 30.2%), and N(2)O emissions (10.4% and 16.1%). A reduction of 10% in CRN fertilizer input maintained yield. Compared with normal amount, reducing 10, 20, and 30% CRN input increased NUE by 7.0-7.6%, 7.3-7.4%, and 11.6-12.6%; reduced runoff loss by 16.1-17.9%, 27.9-30.7%, and 35.0-37.2%; decreased leaching loss by 7.6-12.8%, 18.1-22.6%, and 26.5-31.4%; decreased ammonia volatilization by 9.9-12.3%, 16.3-22.7%, and 23.2-29.3%, and decreased N(2)O loss by 7.8-13.3%, 12.8-32.8%, and 20.3-36.9%, respectively. Soils with CRN input showed higher total and inorganic N contents than the soils with common urea, and the content increased in parallel with CRN fertilizer input. Soil N content and N runoff loss were significantly related to yield and N uptake, and N runoff and leaching losses were significantly related to NUE. These results support the sustainable use of CRN fertilizers as a viable alternative to common urea, indicating that application rate of 135 and 162kgN hm(-2) of early and late rice, respectively, maintain yield and enhance N utilization in double-season paddy of southern China.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Weiluo; Hsieh, Shihhuan; Li, Yuanhua; Yang, Xiaofang; Chen, Yuan; Feng, Kejun; Zheng, Lei] Huizhou Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Engn, Huizhou, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yuanhua] Huizhou Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Elect Funct Mat & Devices, Huizhou, Peoples R China.;[Li, Mingzhu] Shantou Univ, Dept Chem, Shantou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Li, Mingzhu] Shantou Univ, Key Lab Preparat & Applicat Ordered Struct Mat Gua, Shantou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Li, Huiling] South China Agr Univ, Coll Mat & Energy, Key Lab Biobased Mat & Energy, Minist Educ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Feng, KJ; Zheng, L ] H;Huizhou Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Engn, Huizhou 516007, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Fluorescent probe;carbon dots;point-of-care test strips;tetracycline
摘要：
The overuse of tetracycline (TC) has led to the accumulation of antibiotic residues in drinking water and animal products, which can consequently lead to bacteria resistance and chronic disease in humans. Urgently addressing the need for a rapid, user-friendly, and point-of-care test for TC detection. In this work, we use cyclen and citric acid to synthesise carbon dots (CDs) with a unique ring-shaped structure on their surface and combine them with europium (Eu(3+)) to form an Eu-CDs fluorescent probe. In the presence of TC in aqueous systems, the Eu-CDs probe emits two distinctive fluorescent signals: the stable blue emission from cyclen-modified CDs and the red emission from Eu(3+),showing a proportional increase with TC concentration. The developed Eu-CDs probe demonstrates accurate and selective detection capabilities for TC class antibiotics among various interfering factors. The Eu-CDs probe exhibits excellent linearity within the concentration range of 0.04-2.4 µM and achieves an impressive detection limit of 2.7 nM. Moreover, point-of-care Eu-CDs test strips are designed, allowing convenient on-site TC analysis through the detection of a colour change from blue to red under a portable UV light. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed dual-mode ratiometric fluorescent Eu-CDs probe and test strips, offering a practical point-of-care testing strategy for real-world TC detection applications.
通讯机构：
[Peng, L ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resource & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Bacterial diversity;Environmental factor;Paddy crusts;Random forest;Structural equation model
摘要：
Paddy Crusts (PC) play a pivotal role in the migration and transformation of heavy metals within paddy ecosystems, situated at the critical intersection of air, water, and soil. This study focused on PC samples from heavy metal-contaminated rice paddies in six southern Chinese provinces. It's the first time we've screened and quantified the impact of nutrition, physicochemical properties, and heavy metals on bacterial diversity in PC. Our results highlight the significant influence of zinc, total nitrogen, and soil manganese on bacterial diversity. Using structural equation models, we identified the pathways through which these three types of environmental factors shape bacterial diversity. Heavy metal indicators and physical and chemical indicators exerted a direct negative effect on bacterial diversity in PC, while nutritional indicators had a direct and significant positive effect on bacterial diversity. Variance partitioning analysis revealed heavy metals had the most significant impact, accounting for 7.77% of the total effect. Moreover, the influence of heavy metals on bacterial diversity increased as diversity decreased, ranging from 3.81% to 42.09%. To remediate specific heavy metal pollution, our proposed method involves cultivating indigenous bacteria by controlling these environmental factors, based on an analysis of the interplay among bacterial diversity, environmental variables, and heavy metal bioconcentration factors. These findings enhance our understanding of PC and provide insights into rice field heavy metal pollution mitigation.
期刊：
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2024年259(Pt 2):129229 ISSN：0141-8130
通讯作者：
Chen, Bingjie;Xu, Q
作者机构：
[Liang, Yu-Min; Chen, Zhi; Zheng, Pei-Ji; Chen, Bingjie; Xu, Qing; Li, Kang-Li; Xu, Q] Guangzhou Med Univ, GMU GIBH Joint Sch Life Sci, Guangdong Hong Kong Macau Joint Lab Cell Fate Regu, Hong Kong 511436, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Guo-Qiang] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Key Lab Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Orchid Conse, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Binghua] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Rizwana, Humaira; Elshikh, Mohamed Soliman] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Bot & Microbiol, PO 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
通讯机构：
[Chen, BJ; Xu, Q ] G;Guangzhou Med Univ, GMU GIBH Joint Sch Life Sci, Guangdong Hong Kong Macau Joint Lab Cell Fate Regu, Hong Kong 511436, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The medicinal Dendrobium species of Orchidaceae possess significant pharmaceutical value, and modern pharmacological research has shown that Dendrobium contains many important active ingredients. Alkaloids, the crucial components of medicinal Dendrobium , demonstrate beneficial healing properties in cardiovascular, cataract, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases. Members of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ( CYP ) gene family play essential roles in alkaloid synthesis, participating in alkaloid terpene skeleton construction and subsequent modifications. Although studies of the CYP family have been conducted in some species, genome-wide characterization and systematic analysis of the CYP family in medicinal Dendrobium remain underexplored. In this study, we identified CYP gene family members in the genomes of four medicinal Dendrobium species recorded in the Pharmacopoeia: D. nobile , D. chrysotoxum , D. catenatum , and D. huoshanense . Further, we analyzed the motif composition, gene replication events, and selection pressure of this family. Syntenic analysis revealed that members of the clan 710 were present on chromosome 18 in three medicinal Dendrobium species, except for D . nobile , indicating a loss of clan 710 occurring in D. nobile . We also conducted an initial screening of the CYP genes involved in alkaloid synthesis through transcriptome sequencing. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR showed that the expression of DnoNew43 and DnoNew50 , homologs of secologanin synthase involved in the alkaloid synthesis pathway, was significantly higher in the stems than in the leaves. This result coincided with the distribution of dendrobine content in Dendrobium stems and leaves, indicating that these two genes might be involved in the dendrobine synthesis pathway. Our results give insights into the CYP gene family evolution analysis in four medicinal Dendrobium species for the first time and identify two related genes that may be involved in alkaloid synthesis, providing a valuable resource for further investigations into alkaloid synthesis pathway in Dendrobium and other medicinal plants .
The medicinal Dendrobium species of Orchidaceae possess significant pharmaceutical value, and modern pharmacological research has shown that Dendrobium contains many important active ingredients. Alkaloids, the crucial components of medicinal Dendrobium , demonstrate beneficial healing properties in cardiovascular, cataract, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases. Members of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ( CYP ) gene family play essential roles in alkaloid synthesis, participating in alkaloid terpene skeleton construction and subsequent modifications. Although studies of the CYP family have been conducted in some species, genome-wide characterization and systematic analysis of the CYP family in medicinal Dendrobium remain underexplored. In this study, we identified CYP gene family members in the genomes of four medicinal Dendrobium species recorded in the Pharmacopoeia: D. nobile , D. chrysotoxum , D. catenatum , and D. huoshanense . Further, we analyzed the motif composition, gene replication events, and selection pressure of this family. Syntenic analysis revealed that members of the clan 710 were present on chromosome 18 in three medicinal Dendrobium species, except for D . nobile , indicating a loss of clan 710 occurring in D. nobile . We also conducted an initial screening of the CYP genes involved in alkaloid synthesis through transcriptome sequencing. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR showed that the expression of DnoNew43 and DnoNew50 , homologs of secologanin synthase involved in the alkaloid synthesis pathway, was significantly higher in the stems than in the leaves. This result coincided with the distribution of dendrobine content in Dendrobium stems and leaves, indicating that these two genes might be involved in the dendrobine synthesis pathway. Our results give insights into the CYP gene family evolution analysis in four medicinal Dendrobium species for the first time and identify two related genes that may be involved in alkaloid synthesis, providing a valuable resource for further investigations into alkaloid synthesis pathway in Dendrobium and other medicinal plants .
摘要：
Selenium (Se) accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has become a major global concern. Se offers multiple health benefits in humans; however, its inadequate or excessive intake can be harmful. Therefore, determining the factors driving Se abundance and bioavailability in paddy soils is essential to ensure the safety of human Se intake. This study investigated the accumulation, bioavailability, and distribution of Se in 820 paddy soil and rice grain samples from Luxi County, China to assess how soil properties (soil organic matter [SOM], cation exchange capacity [CEC], and pH), geographical factors (parent materials, elevation, and mean annual precipitation [MAP] and temperature [MAT]), and essential micronutrients (copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], and manganese [Mn]) govern Se accumulation and bioavailability in paddy soils. Results showed that the average soil Se content was 0.36 mg kg−1, which was higher than that in China (0.29 mg kg−1). Alternatively, the average rice grain Se content was 0.032 mg kg−1, which was lower than the minimum allowable content in Se-rich rice grains (0.04 mg kg−1). Five studied parent materials all had a significant effect on soil Se content but had little effect on Se bioavailability (p < 0.05). CEC, elevation, and SOM, as well as the soil contents of Cu, Zn, and Mn were positively correlated with soil Se content, but pH, MAP, and MAT were negatively correlated. Correspondingly, Se bioavailability was negatively correlated with SOM and soil Zn content, but positively correlated with MAP and grain contents of Cu, Zn, and Mn. Furthermore, partial least squares path analysis revealed the interactive impacts of the influencing factors on Se accumulation and bioavailability in soils. On this basis, prediction models were established to predict Se accumulation and bioavailability in paddy soils, thereby providing theoretical support for developing efficient control measures to meet Se challenges in agriculture.
Selenium (Se) accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has become a major global concern. Se offers multiple health benefits in humans; however, its inadequate or excessive intake can be harmful. Therefore, determining the factors driving Se abundance and bioavailability in paddy soils is essential to ensure the safety of human Se intake. This study investigated the accumulation, bioavailability, and distribution of Se in 820 paddy soil and rice grain samples from Luxi County, China to assess how soil properties (soil organic matter [SOM], cation exchange capacity [CEC], and pH), geographical factors (parent materials, elevation, and mean annual precipitation [MAP] and temperature [MAT]), and essential micronutrients (copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], and manganese [Mn]) govern Se accumulation and bioavailability in paddy soils. Results showed that the average soil Se content was 0.36 mg kg−1, which was higher than that in China (0.29 mg kg−1). Alternatively, the average rice grain Se content was 0.032 mg kg−1, which was lower than the minimum allowable content in Se-rich rice grains (0.04 mg kg−1). Five studied parent materials all had a significant effect on soil Se content but had little effect on Se bioavailability (p < 0.05). CEC, elevation, and SOM, as well as the soil contents of Cu, Zn, and Mn were positively correlated with soil Se content, but pH, MAP, and MAT were negatively correlated. Correspondingly, Se bioavailability was negatively correlated with SOM and soil Zn content, but positively correlated with MAP and grain contents of Cu, Zn, and Mn. Furthermore, partial least squares path analysis revealed the interactive impacts of the influencing factors on Se accumulation and bioavailability in soils. On this basis, prediction models were established to predict Se accumulation and bioavailability in paddy soils, thereby providing theoretical support for developing efficient control measures to meet Se challenges in agriculture.
期刊：
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,2024年54(1):13-38 ISSN：1064-3389
通讯作者：
Yuan, SH
作者机构：
[Qian, Ao; Tong, Man; Zhang, Peng; Yu, Chenglong; Lu, Yuxi; Yuan, Songhu] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Wenjuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Dong, Hailiang; Zeng, Qiang] China Univ Geosci, Ctr Geomicrobiol & Biogeochem Res, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Songhu] China Univ Geosci, Sch Environm Studies, Hubei Key Lab Yangtze Catchment Environm Aquat Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Songhu] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, 68 Jincheng St,East Lake High Tech Dev Zone, Wuhan 430078, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yuan, SH ] C;China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, 68 Jincheng St,East Lake High Tech Dev Zone, Wuhan 430078, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Fe-bearing clay minerals are widely distributed in soils, sediments, and rocks, representing a significant Fe pool in the Earth’s crust. The electron transfer (ET) from/to structural Fe in clay minerals is a crucial electron and energy flux in the natural environment, which drives numerous biogeochemical processes and contaminant transformation. Depending on the types and properties of both clay minerals and exogenous reactants as well as aqueous chemistry, the ET processes could involve interfacial ET through edge/basal planes and interior ET inside clay minerals. This paper reviews the important ET reactions between Fe-bearing clay minerals and various reactants, including Fe-cycling microbes, redox-active organic compounds, and heavy metals. Moreover, we discuss the physical-chemical mechanisms of interfacial and interior ET processes and develop models to illustrate the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints on the ET rate and extent. On this basis, we emphasize the environmental implications of ET associated with clay minerals, such as their roles in serving as biogeobatteries for biogeochemical processes and contaminant transformation, coevolution with microbes, and regulation of greenhouse gas formation. Finally, research needs are proposed to advance our molecular-scale understanding of ET processes and utilize them for environmental mitigation and human health.
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal,2024年485:149862 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Ting Xiong<&wdkj&>Hailong Li
作者机构：
[Lei, Xinni; Yang, Zequn; Li, Tanghao; Zhang, Weijin; Zhan, Hao; Peng, Haoyi; Li, Hailong] School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;Xiangjiang Laboratory, Changsha 410205, China;[Xiong, Ting] School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China;[Al-Dhabi, Naif Abdullah] Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;[Wu, Zhibin] College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Ting Xiong; Hailong Li] S;School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China<&wdkj&>School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
摘要：
Biochar, derived through biomass pyrolysis, is an emerging carbonaceous material with significant potential in various applications. The performance of biochar in applications depends heavily on its surface characteristics, including its content of N-containing functional groups. In this study, machine learning (ML) was used for the prediction and engineering of biochar N-containing functional groups, specifically amine-N (N-A), pyrrolic-N (N-5), and pyridinic-N (N-6). The single-target random forest model accurately predicted N recovery in biochar (char-N yield) and N-A, N-5, and N-6 contents, achieving test R2 of 0.91–0.97. Model interpretations revealed that pyrolysis temperature was the most influential factor in predicting char-N yield, N-A, N-5, and N-6. The multi-target random forest model achieved an average test R2 of 0.93, and it was used to optimize pyrolysis parameters for designing biochar N-functional groups. This process was followed by experimental verification. Relative errors for the three N-containing functional groups were mostly within 15% (18.4% on average). The favorable results obtained from experimental verification demonstrate the significant potential of ML in biochar engineering.
通讯机构：
[Jiangchi Fei] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
The plastisphere microbiome is intimately linked to the fate and persistence of plastic debris, as well as soil health and food safety. However, the dominant drivers and pathways shaping plastisphere bacterial communities remain largely unknown. Here, soil and plastic residues were sampled from 75 plastic-mulching croplands in subtropical China as part of a nationwide long-term monitoring effort to characterize the effects of system management practices and plastic debris features on plastisphere bacterial communities. The plastisphere communities of the croplands were primarily shaped by crop types, irrigation regimes , and plastic debris abundances. The plastisphere bacterial communities of soil systems with vegetable/tobacco planting, trickle irrigation , and plastic levels of 100–300 pieces kg −1 residue exhibited a higher alpha- and phylogenetic diversity than the other systems studied herein. The plastisphere communities in sprinkling irrigation and vegetable planting systems exhibited a more complex and stable ecological network. The members of the phylum Acidobacteria constituted the main network hubs that were closely connected with other species. KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that maize planting, sprinkling irrigation, and systems with abundant plastic residues presented the highest enrichment of genes associated with human disease. Crop types and irrigation regimes directly influenced residue abundances and soil pH, thereby regulating the plastisphere bacterial communities. Our findings highlight the influence of crop types and irrigation regimes on plastisphere microbiomes and provide a basis for the development of plastic residue management strategies in diverse croplands.
The plastisphere microbiome is intimately linked to the fate and persistence of plastic debris, as well as soil health and food safety. However, the dominant drivers and pathways shaping plastisphere bacterial communities remain largely unknown. Here, soil and plastic residues were sampled from 75 plastic-mulching croplands in subtropical China as part of a nationwide long-term monitoring effort to characterize the effects of system management practices and plastic debris features on plastisphere bacterial communities. The plastisphere communities of the croplands were primarily shaped by crop types, irrigation regimes , and plastic debris abundances. The plastisphere bacterial communities of soil systems with vegetable/tobacco planting, trickle irrigation , and plastic levels of 100–300 pieces kg −1 residue exhibited a higher alpha- and phylogenetic diversity than the other systems studied herein. The plastisphere communities in sprinkling irrigation and vegetable planting systems exhibited a more complex and stable ecological network. The members of the phylum Acidobacteria constituted the main network hubs that were closely connected with other species. KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that maize planting, sprinkling irrigation, and systems with abundant plastic residues presented the highest enrichment of genes associated with human disease. Crop types and irrigation regimes directly influenced residue abundances and soil pH, thereby regulating the plastisphere bacterial communities. Our findings highlight the influence of crop types and irrigation regimes on plastisphere microbiomes and provide a basis for the development of plastic residue management strategies in diverse croplands.
