作者： Shi, Li;Li, Wenlin;Dong, Yating;Shi, Yao;Zhou, Yuliang;...

期刊： Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology,2021年173:104775 ISSN：0048-3575

通讯作者： Li Shi<&wdkj&>Xiaolan Liao

作者机构： [Li, Wenlin; Dong, Yating; Zhou, Yuliang; Shi, Li; Liao, Xiaolan; Shi, Yao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Biopesticide &, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wenlin; Dong, Yating; Zhou, Yuliang; Shi, Li; Liao, Xiaolan; Shi, Yao] Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li Shi; Xiaolan Liao] H;Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulation Processing, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128, China

关键词： indoxacarb;oxazine derivative;reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ferrihemoprotein reductase;animal;genetics;insecticide resistance;Spodoptera;Animals;Insecticide Resistance;NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase;Oxazines;Spodoptera

摘要： NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) plays a central role in the metabolism of insecticides. Numerous studies have shown that CPR is associated with insecticide resistance in insect. In this study, two transcripts of Spodoptera litura CPR (SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2) were identified and cloned, and the deduced protein of SlCPR-X1 contains all the conserved CPR structural features (N-terminal membrane anchor, FMN, FAD and NADP binding domains, FAD binding motif, and catalytic residues). However, no N-terminal member anchor and a shorter FMN binding region have been identified in the deduced protein of SlCPR-X2. The specific expression patterns showed that SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were detected in all tested developmental stages and tissues, but highly expressed in third-, fourth-, and fifth-instar larvae, and in midgut and fat body. In addition, compared with the susceptible strain, SlCPR-X1 and SlCPR-X2 were up-regulated and more inducible when treated with indoxacarb in the indoxacarb-resistant strain. However, the relative expression, up-regulation and induction of SlCPR-X1 were all higher than those of SlCPR-X2 in the indoxacarb-resistant strain. Furthermore, RNA interference and baculovirus expression system combined with MTT cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that only SlCPR-X1 with the N-terminal membrane anchor as the major CPR potentially involved in S. litura indoxacarb resistance. The outcome of this study further expands our understanding of the important role of insect CPR in xenobiotics detoxification and resistance development, and CPR could be a potential target for insecticide resistance management mediated by RNAi or CRISPR/Cas. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.

语种： 英文

作者： 钟玉琪;廖晓兰;侯茂林

期刊： 中国生物防治学报,2020年36(6):981-986 ISSN：2095-039X

作者机构： 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京1001932;湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410128;[廖晓兰] 湖南农业大学;[钟玉琪; 侯茂林] 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所

关键词： 黑肩绿盲蝽;捕食性天敌;饲养技术;规模化饲养

摘要： 黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Reuter)是稻飞虱的重要捕食性天敌。研发黑肩绿盲蝽人工饲养技术对开展稻飞虱绿色可持续防控及其生物学基础研究具有重要作用。本研究采用水稻幼苗作为产卵寄主、以自然寄主褐飞虱作为猎物,从饲养器具、饲养流程及方法等方面建立了一套简便实用的黑肩绿盲蝽规模化饲养技术。利用该技术可连续饲养并提供龄期整齐的黑肩绿盲蝽成虫;经过6个月饲养,发现10 m~2房间可日产黑肩绿盲蝽成虫1000~1600头。该饲养技术适合黑肩绿盲蝽的长期规模化饲养,同时也为其他捕食性天敌昆虫规模化饲养提供参考。

语种： 中文

作者： 钟玉琪;廖晓兰;侯茂林

期刊： 中国生物防治学报,2020年36(04):545-550 ISSN：2095-039X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410128;中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193;[廖晓兰; 钟玉琪] 湖南农业大学;[侯茂林] 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所

关键词： 黑肩绿盲蝽;稻飞虱;低温贮藏;补充营养;寿命

摘要： 黑肩绿盲蝽是稻飞虱的重要捕食性天敌,低温贮藏是成功开展黑肩绿盲蝽大规模生产释放的关键环节之一。本研究在低温16℃、13℃、10℃和7℃下分别提供清水、20%蜂蜜、20%蔗糖进行贮藏,以26℃下清水饲养作为对照,以明确黑肩绿盲蝽成虫的适宜低温贮藏条件。结果表明,在无补充营养状态下,低温贮藏黑肩绿盲蝽的寿命均显著长于对照。相同低温条件下,有补充营养的黑肩绿盲蝽成虫寿命、存活率和LT50均显著大于无补充营养条件。雌成虫在13℃和20%蜂蜜条件下、雄成虫在16℃和20%蜂蜜条件下存活率达80%以上的贮藏时间分别为14和12d。以上结果表明,13℃或16℃、20%蜂蜜可作为黑肩绿盲蝽成虫的良好贮藏条件,可有效延长黑肩绿盲蝽贮藏期。

语种： 中文

作者： Shi, Li*;Shi, Yao;Zhang, Ya;Liao, Xiaolan*

期刊： Scientific Reports,2019年9(1):14997 ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Shi, Li;Liao, Xiaolan

作者机构： [Shi, Li; Liao, XL; Zhang, Ya; Liao, Xiaolan; Shi, Yao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Shi, Li; Liao, XL; Zhang, Ya; Liao, Xiaolan; Shi, Yao] Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Biopesticide &, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Shi, L; Liao, XL] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Biopesticide &, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

摘要： The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is an important pest of crop and vegetable plants worldwide, and its resistance to insecticides have quickly developed. However, the resistance mechanisms of this pest are still unclear. In this study, the change in mRNA and miRNA profiles in the susceptible, indoxacarb-resistant and field indoxacarb-resistant strains of S. litura were characterized. Nine hundred and ten co-up-regulated and 737 co-down-regulated genes were identified in the resistant strains. Further analysis showed that 126 co-differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) (cytochrome P450, carboxy/cholinesterase, glutathione S-transferase, ATP-binding cassette transporter, UDP-glucuronosyl transferase, aminopeptidase N, sialin, serine protease and cuticle protein) may play important roles in indoxacarb resistance in S. litura. In addition, a total of 91 known and 52 novel miRNAs were identified, and 10 miRNAs were co-differentially expressed in the resistant strains of S. litura. Furthermore, 10 co-differentially expressed miRNAs (co-DEmiRNAs) had predicted co-DEGs according to the expected miRNA-mRNA negative regulation pattern and 37 indoxacarb resistance-related co-DEGs were predicted to be the target genes. These results not only broadened our understanding of molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance by revealing complicated profiles, but also provide important clues for further study on the mechanisms of miRNAs involved in indoxacarb resistance in S. litura.

语种： 英文

作者： 刘青;张亚;刘双清;廖晓兰

期刊： 中国果树,2019年(2):43-47 ISSN：1000-8047

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410128;[廖晓兰] 湖南农业大学东方科技学院;植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验;湖南省生物农药与农药制剂加工工程技术研究中心;[张亚; 刘青; 刘双清] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 氟啶胺;咯菌腈;草莓灰霉病菌;联合毒力;增效作用

摘要： 为了明确氟啶胺和咯菌腈及其复配物对草莓灰霉病菌的室内毒力,研制新的防治草莓灰霉病药剂配方并明确其田间防效。采用生长速率法研究了氟啶胺、咯菌腈及其复配物对草莓灰霉病菌的室内毒力,以Wadley法进行增效作用评价,并验证该复配物对草莓灰霉病的田间防效。结果表明:氟啶胺和咯菌腈以质量比1∶5、3∶2复配对草莓灰霉病菌具有增效作用,其增效系数分别为1.82和2.07;氟啶胺和咯菌腈以质量比1∶1、1∶3、2∶3、2∶1、3∶1、4∶1复配对草莓灰霉病菌具有相加作用,但以质量比5∶1复配时,则表现拮抗作用;氟啶胺和咯菌腈以3∶2复配对草莓灰霉病的田间防效最高可达91.00%,比使用单一化学药剂效果好,而且比对照药剂高。综上,氟啶胺和咯菌腈及其复配物对草莓均无药害,且对草莓生长无影响;氟啶胺与咯菌腈以3∶2进行复配,可以在草莓生产上推广使用。

语种： 中文

作者： 黄璜;傅志强;刘小燕;陈灿;黄兴国;...

期刊： 作物研究,2019年33(5):339-345 ISSN：1001-5280

作者机构： 湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128;湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128;湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410128;[黄兴国; 刘小燕; 陈灿; 傅志强; 廖晓兰; 张亚; 戴振炎; 黄璜; 余政军; 王华; 郑华斌; 龙攀; 徐莹] 湖南农业大学

会议名称： 国际（长沙）农田生态种养发展论坛

会议时间： 2019-09-06

会议地点： 中国湖南长沙

会议论文集名称： 国际（长沙）农田生态种养发展论坛论文集

关键词： 农田;生态工程;稻田生态种养;旱地生态种养

摘要： 农田生态种养工程是以农田为平台,农作物与水产、家禽进行立体生产的工程.阐述了农田生态工程的框架与内涵,分析了农田生态种养工程的背景与机遇、功能与优势,介绍了农田生态种养工程的类型、形成与发展,对农田生态种养工程的理论进行分析,提出了生态工程建设的方法与技术、农艺与条件,总结了农田生态种养持续发展的难点并提出了相应的对策.

语种： 中文

作者： Ma, Wenyue;Zhang, Ya*;Wang, Chong;Liu, Shuangqing;Liao, Xiaolan*

期刊： PLANT PROTECTION SCIENCE,2018年54(2):92-100 ISSN：1212-2580

通讯作者： Zhang, Ya;Liao, Xiaolan

作者机构： [Zhang, Ya; Liu, Shuangqing; Ma, Wenyue; Zhang, Y; Liao, XL; Liao, Xiaolan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Dept Plant Protect, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Chong] Hunan Agr Univ, Sci Coll, Dept Chem, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Xiaolan] Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Pla, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Y; Liao, XL; Liao, Xiaolan] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Dept Plant Protect, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Pla, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Fragaria ananassa Duch.;new pathogenic fungi;Geotrichum candidum;identification;rDNA-ITS

摘要： A new disease of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) was discovered in the Lianqiao strawberry planting base in Shaodong County, in Hunan Province, China. In the early disease stage, leaves showed small black spots surrounded by yellow halos, while in the late stage, a white fluffy layer of mold appeared. Fruits were covered with a white layer of mold. The symptoms were observed using in vitro inoculation experiments. After the spray-inoculation of stabbed leaves, small black spots surrounded by yellow halos occurred on leaves, with no clear boundary between diseased and healthy areas. In the late stage, disease spots gradually expanded and a white fluffy layer of mold formed under humid conditions. Unstabbed leaves had almost no disease occurrence after spray-inoculation. After the spray-inoculation of stabbed fruits, by the late stage, a dense white layer of mold formed. According to Koch’s postulates, the isolated strain was verified as a pathogen. The pathogenic strain, designated SDLQ16, was isolated from diseased fruit by dilution method and tentatively identified as G. candidum based on the culture characteristics, morphologies, physio-biochemical analysis, and phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA-ITS sequence. The fungus was able to grow on different culture mediums, with a broad range of nutrition. The colonies on PDA medium were raised and pale white, with a neat edge and visible hyphae. The hyphae were friable but the spores were developing. Basal hyphae rapidly grew close to the medium to 3.2–4.2 µm in diameter, with septa and forked branches at acute angles. The solitary or beaded spores with smooth surfaces were 3.5–7.5 µm in length and 3.5–4.5 µm in width. This strain was able to gelatin liquefaction, proteolysis, grease, peptonised milk, urea, and so on. The pathogenicity on strawberry from strong to weak was: fruit > leaf > stem. A BLAST algorithm was used to query SDLQ16’s rDNA-ITS sequence (cloned and deposited as GenBank number KU373122) against the NCBI database, and it was located in the Acinetobacter sp. branch of a phylogenetic tree. SDLQ16 was most closely related to Geotrichum candidum ATCC34614 (GQ4580314.1), with a sequence similarity of 99%. © 2018, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： Zhang, Ya;Liu, Shuangqing*;Wang, Chong;Liao, Xiaolan*

期刊： International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,2018年20(11):2378-2386 ISSN：1560-8530

通讯作者： Liu, Shuangqing;Liao, Xiaolan

作者机构： [Zhang, Ya; Liu, Shuangqing; Liao, Xiaolan; Liao, XL] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shuangqing] Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Pla, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Chong] Hunan Agr Univ, Sci Coll, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Xiaolan] Hunan Biol Pesticides & Pesticide Preparat Proc E, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Liu, SQ; Liao, XL; Liu, Shuangqing; Liao, Xiaolan] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Pla, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Biol Pesticides & Pesticide Preparat Proc E, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Carboxamidebiological characteristics;Derivative;Fungicidal activity;Phenazine-1-carboxamide;Plant pathogenic fungus;Rhizoctonia solani

摘要： A novel phenazine-l-carboxamide-derived 18-1 (PCND 18-1) was evaluated in terms of its potential for the development and enrichment of new biofungicides for the control of rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. PCND 18-1 exhibited fungicidal activity against R. solani, showing an inhibition rate of 87.64%, with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) 4.25 mu g/mL, regression equation of Y = 0.7105x + 3.8428; and correlation coefficient of 0.9817, which are indicative of its potential as a natural biofungicide. PCND 18-1 also attenuated the pathogenicity of R. solani, which was concentration-dependent. Additionally, the action mode of PCND 18-1 against rice sheath blight (R. solani) was protective better than curative activity under greenhouse condition, as reflected by the corresponding EC50 values of 2.49 and 5.72 mu g/mL. PCND 18-1 can translocate in rice with a low translocation capacity and exhibited a higher capacity for upward (root-leaf) translocation than for downward (leaf-root) translocation. Furthermore, PCND 18-1 demonstrated adhesion to leaves but poor tolerance against rain-washing. The optimal persistence period of PCND 18-1 on rice was 7 d. (C) 2018 Friends Science Publishers

语种： 英文

作者： 刘一平;罗香文;陈武荣;郑尊涛;朱光艳;...

期刊： 农药学学报,2018年20(2):232-238 ISSN：1008-7303

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农业科学院, 长沙, 410125;农业部农药检定所, 北京, 100125;[刘一平] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128 湖南省农业科学院, 长沙, 410125;[罗香文; 陈武荣] 湖南省农业科学院, 长沙, 410125

关键词： 马拉硫磷;西葫芦;残留;风险评估;最大残留限量

摘要： 利用气相色谱-火焰光度检测器(GC-FPD)测定了马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的残留量,根据2016年湖南、山东、北京、安徽、山西和黑龙江6地马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的规范性残留试验,对中国各类人群和不同作物中的马拉硫磷进行了膳食风险评估。样品用乙腈提取,丙酮置换乙腈后,GC-FPD检测。结果表明:在0.02~8.0 mg/kg添加水平下,马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的回收率在88%~109%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为5%,定量限(LOQ)为0.02 mg/kg。湖南和山东的消解动态试验结果显示,马拉硫磷的半衰期为2.74~4.65 d,属于易降解农药;6地的最终残留试验结果表明,距最后一次施药3、5、7 d后,西葫芦中马拉硫磷的最终残留量在 < 0.02~0.049 mg/kg之间。针对西葫芦的膳食风险评估结果显示,中国各类人群对马拉硫磷的国家估计每日摄入量(NEDI)为0.115~0.207 μg/(kg bw·d),风险商值(RQ)为0.000 4~0.000 7;全膳食暴露风险评估结果显示,马拉硫磷在各类食物中的NEDI值为82.251 μg/(kg bw·d),RQ值为0.275 1,表明马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的长期膳食摄入风险较低。推荐中国马拉硫磷在西葫芦上的最大残留限量值(MRL)为0.1 mg/kg,可确保中国西葫芦的食用安全性。

语种： 中文

作者： Xiang, Yaqin;Zhang, Ya*;Wang, Chong;Liu, Shuangqing;Liao, Xiaolan*

期刊： Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology,2018年147:32-39 ISSN：0048-3575

通讯作者： Zhang, Ya;Liao, Xiaolan

作者机构： [Zhang, Ya; Liu, Shuangqing; Xiang, Yaqin; Zhang, Y; Liao, XL; Liao, Xiaolan] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Chong] Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Chem, Sci Coll, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Xiaolan] Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Pla, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Y; Liao, XL] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： antifungal agent;chitin synthase;phenazine derivative;phenazine-1-carboxamide;reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ubiquinone);antagonists and inhibitors;cell wall;crop;drug effect;enzymology;fungal gene;genetics;growth, development and aging;microbiology;mitochondrion;mycelium;plant disease;plant root;prevention and control;real time polymerase chain reaction;Rhizoctonia;scanning electron microscopy;transmission electron microscopy;ultrastructure;Antifungal Agents;Cell Wall;Chitin Synthase;Crops, Agricultural;Electron Transport Complex I;Genes, Fungal;Microscopy, Electron, Scanning;Microscopy, Electron, Transmission;Mitochondria;Mycelium;Phenazines;Plant Diseases;Plant Roots;Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction;Rhizoctonia

摘要： The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) on Rhizoctonia solani and to elucidate its mechanisms of action. The toxicity of PCN to R. solani was measured using a growth rate method. The results indicated that PCN inhibited R. solani with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 9.0934 μg/mL. The mycelia of R. solani were then exposed to 18.18 μg/mL (2EC50) of PCN. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the effects of PCN on mycelial morphology and ultrastructure. Following the PCN treatment, the optical microscopy observations revealed that the mycelia appeared twisted; the branching mycelia grew, but the main mycelia did not grow following branching; and the mycelial roots possessed more vacuoles. SEM observations revealed that the mycelia were locally swollen and exhibited a sharp decrease in prominence. TEM observations showed that the cell wall became thin and deformed; the mitochondria disappeared; the septum twisted; and most of the organelles were difficult to discern. Conversely, all of the organelles could be clearly observed in the control. We then used real-time quantitative PCR and an enzyme activity testing kit to further explore the effects of PCN on the cell wall and mitochondria. Physiological and biochemical results demonstrated that both the cell wall and mitochondria constitute are PCN targets. PCN inhibited the activities of chitin synthetase and complex I of the mitochondria electron transport chain. Molecular experiments demonstrated that PCN controlled the growth of R. solani mycelia by inhibiting the expression level of chitin synthetase genes. Future research on PCN should investigate its influence on metabolic pathways, thereby aiding in the potential development of novel pesticides. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.

语种： 英文

作者： Liu, Yiping;Zhang, Ya;Liu, Shuangqing;Lu, Yuntao;Lin, Ronghua;...

期刊： 中国化学工程学报(英文版),2018年26(10):2185-2191 ISSN：1004-9541

通讯作者： Liao, Xiaolan;Li, Xiaogang

作者机构： [Zhang, Ya; Liu, Shuangqing; Li, Xiaogang; Liao, XL; Li, XG; Liao, Xiaolan; Liu, Yiping] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Yuntao; Liu, Yiping] Inst Control Agrochem, Changsha 410005, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Ronghua; Li, Min] Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Inst Control Agrochem, Beijing 100125, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Liao, XL; Li, XG] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Cyhalodiamide;QuEChERS;Rice;Residue;Degradation kinetics

摘要： Cyhalodiamide is a novel agrochemical which is effective against Lepidoptera pests, including Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Chilo suppressalis, Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Helicoverpa armigera, etc. In the study, a fast and accurate analytical method was developed to detect cyhalodiamide in Chinese typical rice field environment by a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe) method with UPLC-MS/MS (ultra-high performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). The mean recoveries of cyhalodiamide varied from 73.5% to 107.5%, with the RSDs from 1.2% to 10.7%. The limits of determination (LODs) were 0.0005 mg·kg− 1, and the limits of quantitation (LOQs) were from 0.002 to 0.01 mg·kg− 1 in all five matrices. This method was used to determine cyhalodiamide residues for studies of the distribution and degradation kinetics in rice field environment. The field trials results showed that cyhalodiamide was easily degradable and the half-lives were 4.2–13.6 d in rice straw, 8.77 d in paddy soil and 5.37–8.45 d in paddy water, respectively. The final residues of cyhalodiamide in brown rice were below 0.35 mg·kg− 1. The used dosage of 33.75 g·hm− 2 with pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 21 d and the maximum residue limit (MRL) of cyhalodiamide in rice at 0.1 mg·kg− 1 were recommended, which would be safe to human health and environment. The developed analytical method will be useful to monitor cyhalodiamide residues and safety evaluation in rice environment. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： Li, Pei;Liu, Huan;Li, Fei;Liao, Xiaolan*;Ali, Shahbaz;...

期刊： Scientific Reports,2018年8(1):9027 ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Hou, Maolin;Liao, Xiaolan

作者机构： [Li, Pei; Hou, Maolin; Liu, Huan; Li, Fei; Ali, Shahbaz] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Li, Pei; Liao, Xiaolan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Pei; Hou, Maolin; Liu, Huan; Li, Fei; Ali, Shahbaz] Minist Agr, Sci Observing & Expt Stn Crop Pests Guilin, Guilin 541399, Peoples R China.;[Hou, Maolin] Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Hou, Maolin] C;[Liao, Xiaolan] H;[Hou, Maolin] M;[Hou, Maolin] S;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.

摘要： <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Herbivorous attack induces plant defenses. There is evidence that some pests suppress these defenses by interfering with signaling pathways. We here report that infestation by the white-backed planthopper, <jats:italic>Sogatella furcifera</jats:italic>, induces defense responses in rice and infection of the southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus in the planthoppers partially suppresses the planthopper-induced plant defenses. Salicylic acid (SA) levels generally showed a temporal increase pattern while jasmonic acid (JA) levels generally exhibited a decrease pattern in the planthopper-infested plants, irrespective of virus infection status in the insects. The increase in SA was less while the decrease in JA was more in the viruliferous insect-infested plants than in the nonviruliferous insect-infested plants at both 48 and 72 h post infestation. The phytohormone levels corresponded to the patterns of relative expression levels of SA-marker genes (<jats:italic>ICS1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>NPR1</jats:italic>) and JA-marker gene (<jats:italic>AOS2</jats:italic>) in the plant treatments. Planthoppers performed better on the uninfested plants than on the previously infested plants and were of not significant increase in performance on the plants previously attacked by viruliferous planthoppers in comparison with the plants previously attacked by nonviruliferous insects. Our results indicate that the virus plays a role in partially suppressing the plant defenses induced by the planthopper. These findings provide a new perspective on plant–virus-vector interactions.</jats:p>

语种： 英文

作者： 曹海佳;刘青;马文月;张亚;苏品;...

期刊： 湖南农业科学,2018年(11):33-37 ISSN：1006-060X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院;植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室;农业有害生物防控与预警湖南省工程研究中心;[苏品] 湖南省植物保护研究所;[廖晓兰; 张亚; 曹海佳; 刘青; 马文月] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 耕作地;苋菜;重金属污染;富集系数

摘要： 根据前期研究可知苋菜具有吸收土壤重金属污染物的作用,为此选择8个不同苋菜品种为试验对象,以湖南省典型耕作地为试验土壤,研究苋菜对土壤重金属的吸收作用。结果表明:（1）苋菜对耕作地中的多种重金属均有一定吸收作用,从而使土壤中重金属含量下降,下降率大小依次为:锰（Mn）>镉（Cd）>砷（As）>铅（Pb）>汞（Hg）>铬（Cr）;（2）连续2 a定期种植红圆叶苋菜后的土壤重金属含量<种植1 a红圆叶苋菜后的土壤重金属含量<未种植红圆叶苋菜土壤重金属含量,连续2 a种植红圆叶苋菜对耕作地重金属污染等级具有持续降低能力;（3）8个苋菜品种对Cd的富集系数均大于1,仅赣科大圆叶红苋菜品种对Mn的富集系数大于1,种植苋菜前后Mn在苋菜中和土壤中的含量变化差异不显著,筛选出综合吸收能力最优的品种为红圆叶苋菜。研究结果表明种植苋菜能显著降低耕作地中重金属含量,减轻重金属污染程度,起到修复土壤重金属污染的作用。

语种： 中文

作者： 刘一平;张亚;刘双清;石力;吕运涛;...

期刊： 植物保护,2018年44(5):231-237,246 ISSN：0529-1542

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410005;农业部农药检定所, 北京, 100125;[刘一平] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128 湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410005;[张亚; 刘双清; 石力; 李晓刚; 廖晓兰] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 马拉硫磷;莴笋;农药残留;膳食摄入风险评估

摘要： 2016年于湖南、山东等六地进行了马拉硫磷在莴笋中的规范性残留试验,建立了气相色谱-火焰光度检测器(GC-FPD)测定马拉硫磷在莴笋样品中的残留分析方法,并对我国各类人群的膳食摄入风险进行了评估。样品采用乙腈提取,丙酮置换净化、GC-FPD检测,结果表明:当马拉硫磷在莴笋全株、茎和叶中的添加浓度为0.02~8.0 mg/kg时,其回收率在83%~108%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1%~6%之间;马拉硫磷的最小检出量(LOD)为1.0×10~(-11)g,定量限(LOQ)均为0.02 mg/kg。湖南和山东莴笋全株中马拉硫磷的消解动态试验结果显示,马拉硫磷的半衰期为1.75~2.27 d,属于易降解农药;六地的最终残留试验结果表明,最后一次施用马拉硫磷5、7、10 d后,莴笋茎中的最终残留量≤0.509 mg/kg,莴笋叶中的最终残留量≤5.670 mg/kg。莴笋的膳食风险评估结果显示,我国各类人群对马拉硫磷在莴笋茎和莴笋叶中的国家估计每日摄入量(NEDI)分别为0.115~0.445 μg/(kg·d)和1.042~5.583 μg/(kg·d),风险商值(RQ)分别为0.000 4~0.001 5和0.003 5~0.018 6,证明马拉硫磷在莴笋中的长期膳食摄入风险较低。推荐我国马拉硫磷在莴笋茎和莴笋叶上的最大残留限量值(MRL)分别为1 mg/kg和10 mg/kg。

语种： 中文

作者： 刘妍;张亚;项雅琴;王翀;廖晓兰

期刊： 植物保护,2018年44(2):235-240 ISSN：0529-1542

作者机构： [刘妍; 张亚; 项雅琴; 廖晓兰] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院;[刘妍] 植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室;[张亚] 湖南省生物农药与农药制剂加工工程技术研究中心;[王翀] 湖南农业大学理学院

关键词： 啶酰菌胺;氟啶胺;水稻纹枯病菌;草莓灰霉病菌;复配物;增效作用

摘要： 为探明啶酰菌胺与氟啶胺复配物对水稻纹枯病菌和草莓灰霉病菌的增效潜力,采用菌丝生长速率法测定啶酰菌胺和氟啶胺复配物对水稻纹枯病菌和草莓灰霉病菌的抑制效果,并根据Wadley方法评价复配物增效作用。结果表明:啶酰菌胺和氟啶胺对水稻纹枯病菌均具有抑制作用,其EC_(50)分别为0.483 6 μg/mL和0.054 1 μg/mL。将啶酰菌胺和氟啶胺按照1∶5、1∶4、1∶3、1∶2、1∶1、2∶3、3∶2、5∶1、4∶1、3∶1和2∶1的比例进行复配,结果表明:按照1∶2、3∶2、5∶1、4∶1、3∶1和2∶1复配对水稻纹枯病菌均具有增效作用,其中以3∶1和3∶2比例复配增效最佳,增效系数分别为7.7和5.46;以1∶1、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5和2∶3复配对水稻纹枯病菌具有相加作用。啶酰菌胺和氟啶胺对草莓灰霉病菌也具有抑制作用,其EC_(50)分别为1.637 1 μg/mL和0.028 3 μg/mL。将啶酰菌胺和氟啶胺按照上述相同11种比例进行复配,结果显示比例为1∶5、1∶4、1∶1、5∶1、4∶1等8种复配物对草莓灰霉病菌具有相加作用,其中以2∶1和1∶2比例复配相加效果最佳,增效系数分别为1.30和1.00,但比例为3∶2等其他比例复配则对草莓灰霉病菌表现出拮抗作用。

语种： 中文

作者： 何林峰;王可欣;雷蕾;张永健;苏素文

期刊： 中国药理学通报,2018年34(1):33-38 ISSN：1001-1978

通讯作者： Yong-Jian, Z.

作者机构： [何林峰; 王可欣; 雷蕾; 张永健; 苏素文] 河北医科大学药理学教研室, 河北, 石家庄, 050017

通讯机构： Dept of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China

关键词： 阿霉素;背根神经节;凋亡;神经病理性疼痛

摘要： 目的观察阿霉素(DOX)对坐骨神经慢性缩窄性损伤(CCI)模型大鼠的镇痛作用,并从形态学及组织凋亡蛋白的角度对其机制进行分析。方法将SD大鼠随机分为4组:假手术组(Sham) 、CCI模型组(Model) 、假手术+阿霉素5 mg·kg~(-1)组(Sham + DOX) 、CCI模型+阿霉素5 mg·kg~(-1)组(Model + DOX) 。造模成功后,各组采用尾静脉注射的方式给药,Sham组和Model组给予等量生理盐水,检测各组大鼠机械痛阈值和热痛阈值。在行为学检测结束后,即手术后d 15取大鼠右侧L_(4-5) DRG,观察DRG细胞形态、超微结构及DOX的分布情况,采用Western blot法测定DRG组织中Bax、Bcl-2、PKCα、PKCδ及PKCε的蛋白表达。结果静脉注射DOX可在DRG组织检测到其自发荧光表达。与Sham组相比,Sham + DOX组痛阈值在整个观察期未见差别,而Model组在术后d 7痛阈值明显降低。与Model组相比,Model + DOX组的痛阈值在给药后明显回升,并表现出DRG细胞明显损伤,Bax /Bcl-2升高以及PKCδ、PKCε的蛋白表达量降低等现象。结论DOX静脉注射可以到达并蓄积于DRG组织,明显减轻CCI大鼠的疼痛反应,这一作用与其降低PKCδ和PKCε的蛋白表达,诱导DRG的凋亡有关。

语种： 中文

作者： 胡利锋;廖晓兰;叶姗;刘祥英

期刊： 科技创新导报,2018年15(23):224-225 ISSN：1674-098X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院 湖南长沙 410128;[胡利锋; 廖晓兰; 刘祥英; 叶姗] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 微生物学;实验教学;创新

摘要： 摘要：微生物学是农林院校一门很重要的基础课,微生物学实验是微生物学课程一个非常重要的组成部分,对掌握微生物的基本实验技能,培养学生的创新能力和科学素养非常重要.为了提高微生物学实验教学的效果,本文从教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等多个方面深入剖析了当前微生物实验教学中存在的问题,提出了改革的措施.以期提高微生物学实验教学质量,提高学生的综合素质.

语种： 中文

作者： 张亚;刘青;刘双清;廖晓兰

期刊： 中国蔬菜,2018年(2):53-57 ISSN：1000-6346

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙 410128;植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410128;湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙,410128;湖南省生物农药与农药制剂加工工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410128;[廖晓兰; 张亚; 刘青; 刘双清] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 啶酰菌胺;咯菌腈;草莓灰霉病菌;增效作用;田间防效

摘要： 采用生长速率法测定了啶酰菌胺、咯菌腈及其复配物对草莓灰霉病菌的室内毒力,通过Wadley法进行增效作用评价,并验证了复配物对草莓灰霉病的田间防效。结果表明:啶酰菌胺和咯菌腈以质量比1∶1、5∶1、3∶1、2:1、3∶2复配对草莓灰霉病菌表现增效作用,以质量比1∶3、1∶4、1∶5、4∶1复配则表现相加作用。其中3∶1复配的增效作用最明显,增效系数为4.47,田间对草莓灰霉病的最佳防效可达74.40%。

语种： 中文

作者： 张亚;刘双清;廖晓兰

期刊： 科教导刊,2018年(20):129-130+135 ISSN：1674-6813

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院;植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室;[刘双清] 湖南省生物农药与农药制剂加工工程技术研究中心;[廖晓兰; 张亚] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 植物病害检疫学;制作;实践

摘要： 植物病害检疫学课程是动植物检疫专业的一门必修课,提高该课程教学质量的途径之一是制作精美的Power-point(PPT).根据课程特点、教学规律以及多年实践经验,研究了精美PPT的制作与实践方法.提出制作精美PPT必要性的缘由(视觉冲击力、趣味性、沟通能力、自信、强化思考力等),讨论了制作精美PPT材料的途径(教研室历史资料、图书馆资料、网络资源、期刊和杂志、国内外同行专家以及调动学生搜集资料等),明确了制作精美PPT的步骤(整体规划、突出重点、添加小标题、增加动画和视频等),总结了注意事项(图片精美、配色、文字简练、层次清晰等)并进行了展望.通过精美PPT的制作与实践,不仅可提高教师信息化技能,激发学生上课的积极性,而且有利于促进教学改革.

语种： 中文

作者： 张亚;王翀;廖晓兰;项雅琴

期刊： 科教导刊,2018年(8):57-58 ISSN：1674-6813

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院 湖南·长沙 410128;植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室 湖南·长沙 410128;湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院 湖南·长沙 410128;湖南省生物农药与农药制剂加工工程技术研究中心 湖南·长沙 410128;[廖晓兰; 王翀; 张亚; 项雅琴] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 大学生;科技创新项目;申报;结题

摘要： 大学生科技创新项目主要是培养学生创新思维能力和动手操作能力,使学生的理论与实践有机结合,不断提高学生的专业素养。作者从科技创新项目申报阶段的科学选题、查阅文献、申报书的填写、项目答辩、选导师等方面探讨了如何开展科技创新项目准备。作者从制定研究计划、按部就班、善于分析和解决问题、沟通与交流、论文的撰写与投稿等方面研究了科技创新项目的结题方法。通过本文作者的介绍和归纳,旨在为师生进行科创研究提供参考依据。

语种： 中文