摘要：
The odor-active compounds in Fu-brick tea and their release behaviors during boiling-water were studied. Fifty-one odor-active compounds were identified, and their release behaviors were identified by continuously recovering 16 sections of condensed water combined with sensory, instrumental, and nonlinear curve fitting analysis. The odor intensities of condensed water and the concentrations of odor-active compounds could be significantly fitted (p<0.01) to power-function type curves. Hydrocarbons showed the fastest release rate, while organic acids showed the slowest. The release rates had very little correlation with their concentrations, molecular weights, and boiling points. Most odor-active compounds (≥70%) released need to evaporate more than 24% of the added water during boiling-water extraction. Meanwhile, on the basis of odor activity value (OAV) calculation, the aroma recombination experiments were performed to explore the odor-active compounds that made major contributions to the formation of the aroma profile of each condensed water.
摘要：
The most important physiological processes in insects are those related to reproduction and development. Ecdysone is an essential hormone in insects that controls various physiological processes, including reproduction and development. E74A, a subtype of the essential ecdysone-induced transcription factor E74, affects the reproductive systems of many insects. Uncertainty exists regarding the molecular mechanism of E74A in non-model insect reproduction processes. Using bioinformatics analysis, we determined that Chilo suppressalis E74A shared the highest homology with E74 in Ostrinia furnacalis which belongs to the ETS superfamily. By characterizing the spatiotemporal expression profile of CsE74A from different developmental stages and tissues, we found that CsE74A expression levels were highest in female pupae on the 4th day and in the head of female pupa. Knockdown of CsE74A resulted in delayed oocyte maturation and reduced yolk deposition. Additionally, the expression level of vitellogenin (Vg), beta FTZ-F1, and E93, which are associated with vitellogenesis and the ecdysone pathway, were also downregulated in the E74A silencing group. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that CsE74A not only plays a critical role in the reproductive processes of C. suppressalis but may also participate in the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the ecdysone pathway.
通讯机构：
[Shuxian Cai; Zhonghua Liu] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
Aging and metabolic disorders feedback and promote each other and are closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, neurodegeneration and other degenerative diseases. Liupao tea is a geographical indication product of Chinese dark tea, with a “red, concentrated, aged and mellow” flavor quality. In this study, the aqueous extract of aged Liupao tea (ALPT) administered by continuous gavage significantly inhibited the increase of visceral fat and damage to the intestinal–liver–microbial axis in high-fat modeling of SAMP8 (P8+HFD) mice. Its potential mechanism is that ALPT significantly inhibited the inflammation and aggregation formation pathway caused by P8+HFD, increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria Alistipes, Alloprevotella and Bacteroides, and had a calorie restriction effect. The results of the whole target metabolome network pharmacological analysis showed that there were 139 potential active components in the ALPT aqueous extract, and the core targets of their actions were SRC, TP53, AKT1, MAPK3, VEGFA, EP300, EGFR, HSP90AA1, CASP3, etc. These target genes were mainly enriched in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, glucose and lipid metabolism and other pathways of degenerative changes. Molecular docking further verified the reliability of network pharmacology. The above results indicate that Liupao tea can effectively delay the body’s degenerative changes through various mechanisms and multi-target effects. This study revealed that dark tea such as Liupao tea has significant drinking value in a modern and aging society.
摘要：
Pepper is a horticultural crop that does not tolerate low temperatures. To investigate how the grafted pepper responds to low temperature stress in the short term, transcriptome analysis was performed on grafted seedlings treated with low temperature for 1 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h compared with those treated for 0 h. The results showed that genes related to CAM4, MPK8, RbohD and OXI1 might be related to the response of grafted seedlings to low temperature stress in the short term. To investigate how low temperature tolerant rootstocks can improve the low temperature tolerance of grafted peppers, morphological and physiological indices of self-rooted and grafted seedlings were analyzed under low temperature conditions for different days. The results showed that the degree of wilting, REL and MDA content of grafted seedlings were significantly lower than those of self-rooted seedlings, and the antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher than those of self-rooted seedlings under low temperature stress. The results indicated that grafted pepper would activate ROS-related genes in a short period of time after low temperature stress and produce a large amount of ROS in response to the low temperature stress. When ROS accumulated to a certain level, the grafted pepper could increase the enzyme activity of antioxidant system to remove the ROS produced in the body, and help the pepper seedlings adapt to low temperature stress through osmoregulation mechanism, so as to resist the damage caused by low temperature. The results of the study provide ideas for growing pepper in low temperature environment.
作者：
Wan, Chunpeng (Craig);Hu, Xiaomeng;Li, Mingxi;Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.;Cai, Yi;...
期刊：
Journal of Functional Foods,2023年104:105506 ISSN：1756-4646
通讯作者：
Li, MX;Cai, Y;Liu, ZH
作者机构：
[Li, Mingxi; Wan, Chunpeng (Craig)] Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Res Ctr Tea & Tea Culture, Nanchang 330045, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Xiaomeng] Yili Normal Univ, Univ & Coll Key Lab Nat Prod Chem & Applicat Xinji, Sch Chem & Environm Sci, Yining 835000, Peoples R China.;[Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.] Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci SIMATS, Saveetha Dent Coll, Dept Pharmacol, Lab Nat Prod & Med Chem LNPMC, Chennai 600077, India.;[Cai, Yi] Guangzhou Med Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Key Lab Mol Target & Clin Pharmacol, Guangzhou 511436, Peoples R China.;[Cai, Yi] Guangzhou Med Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, State & NMPA Key Lab Resp Dis, Guangzhou 511436, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cai, Y ] G;[Li, MX ] J;[Liu, ZH ] H;Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Res Ctr Tea & Tea Culture, Nanchang 330045, Peoples R China.;Guangzhou Med Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Key Lab Mol Target & Clin Pharmacol, Guangzhou 511436, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Green tea;Dietary supplements;EGCG;Inflammation;Aging
摘要：
Green tea and its active extracts have been widely used in a variety of dietary supplements. However, to date, the interaction of these bioactive compounds in green tea and their protein targets are not well studied. We first used the bioinformatics analysis of the relevant diabetes-related targets with the green tea bioactive compounds target proteins to construct a protein interaction (PPI) network to screen the core targets. The results of in vitro experiments showed that EGCG, a major polyphenolic component of green tea, inhibited HG-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, oxidative stress response, and cellular senescence. It was found that the PPARG-dependent pathways were involved in the protective effects of EGCG against HG-induced myocardial injury and senescence. This study comprehensively explored the role of EGCG in high glucose-induced myocardial cell injury and aging.
摘要：
The intracellular polysaccharides of Aspergilluscristatus (IPSs) from Fuzhuan brick tea have beendemonstrated to improve immune function linked to modulating the gutmicrobiota. Herein, to further investigate the efficacy of IPSs tomaintain gut homeostasis, the protection of the purified fractionof IPSs (IPSs-2) on the mice with colitis induced by dextran sulfatesodium (DSS) and the underlying mechanisms were explored in this study.The results revealed that IPSs-2 alleviated the typical symptoms ofcolitis and suppressed the excessive inflammatory mediators, regulatingthe genes related to inflammatory responses in the colon at the mRNAlevel. Meanwhile, IPSs-2 treatment reinforced the intestinal barrierfunction by ameliorating the DSS-induced histological injury, facilitatingthe differentiation of goblet cells to enhance Mucin-2 generation,and enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins to alleviatecolitis. In addition, IPSs protected against colitis by promotingthe production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the activationof SCFAs receptors, and the leverage of the gut microbiota via the enrichment of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Flavonifractor_plautii, and Butyricicoccus, linking with reducing inflammation and repairing intestinal barrierfunction. Overall, our research revealed the therapeutic potentialof IPSs-2 as a prebiotic for attenuating inflammatory bowel diseaseand provided a rationale for future investigation.
关键词：
White tea;Rucheng Baimao;Drying treatment;Aroma
摘要：
Rucheng Baimao (Camellia pubescens) is an excellent raw material for manufacturing white tea. Drying is the last step in white tea processing and is essential for white tea's aroma. In this study, aroma sensory evaluation combined with volatile compound analysis reveals the characteristic aroma differences of Rucheng Baimao white tea with oven drying (OD), air drying (AD), and sun drying (SD) treatments. Sensory results showed that OD samples had a stronger floral and grassy aroma, AD samples exhibited a more pronounced fresh and pekoe aroma, and SD samples exhibited a unique sunshine odor. Thirty compounds were screened as differential aroma-active compounds of the aroma difference of Rucheng Baimao white tea with three drying treatments using multivariate statistical analysis and relative odor activity value (ROAV >= 1) analysis. The weighted correlation network analysis of the differential compounds revealed the potential association between volatiles and aroma. The results showed that 17 compounds (such as hexanal and p-cymene) were significantly positively correlated with the grassy aroma and 21 compounds (such as linalool and benzeneacetaldehyde) were significantly posi-tively correlated with the floral aroma. Most of these compounds were abundant in OD samples, contributed to its aroma characteristics.
摘要：
Introduction: Lonicera japonica flos, a well-known herbal medicine in Asian countries, has been widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The gut microbiota and relevant metabolites have been shown to be involved in the development of T2D. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Lonicera japonica flos on fecal microbiota from humans with T2D using the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) system. Methods: An aqueous extract of Lonicera japonica flos (LJE) was prepared. Colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the chemical composition of LJE. Three colonic compartments of SHIME were inoculated with feces from T2D donors, and LJE was added to SHIME to simulate daily oral administration for 7 days. The microbial community and the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of colonic samples were analyzed by 16 S rRNA sequencing technology and gas chromatography, respectively. In addition, polyphenols in LJE before and after fermentation by fecal microbiota were measured using HPLC. Results: LJE is rich in polyphenols and polysaccharides and alters the microbial community, as indicated by the decreased relative abundance of the detrimental genera Shigella and Lactobacillus and the increased abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, including the genera Prevotella and Bacteroides. LJE significantly promoted SCFA production, including acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, in each colonic compartment. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid in LJE was biotransformed by fecal microbiota. Conclusions: LJE exerted beneficial regulation on the T2D fecal microbial community. The regulatory effects of gut microbiota may partly contribute to the therapeutic action of Lonicera japonica flos on T2D.
摘要：
In this study, Rhizopus oryzae HC-1, a food-grade fungal isolated from sufu, was utilized for solid-state fermentation (SSF) of soybeans, to investigate its effect on metabolites composition and antioxidant activity. Results revealed that SSF notably enhanced the total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), aglycone isoflavones, and antioxidant capacity of soybeans. The increase in aglycone isoflavones was attributed to the action of secreted beta-glucosidase. The fermented soybean (FSB) with strongest antioxidant activity was further investigated by UPLC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis and in vitro human gut microbiota modulation effect by colonic fermentation. A total of 176 and 114 metabolites differed significantly between non-fermented soybean (NSB) and FSB in positive-and negative-ion modes, respectively. FSB and NSB had a beneficial modulation effect on the microbiota community structure. Additionally, colonic fermentation of both FSB and NSB for 24 h resulted in a higher relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Bacteroides compared to the control group, and FSB showed a greater modulation effect. Thus, SSF with R. oryzae HC-1 was found to significantly improve the metabolite profile, antioxidant activity and human intestinal microbiota modulation effect of soybeans, potentially offering novel functional or nutraceutical ingredients for the food and pharmaceutical industry.
通讯机构：
[Ai-qing Zhao] S;[Zhong-hua Liu; Ai-ling Liu] N;National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China<&wdkj&>National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
摘要：
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a metalloenzyme with a type III copper core that is abundant in nature. As one of the most essential enzymes in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis), the further regulation of PPO is critical for enhancing defensive responses, cultivating high-quality germplasm resources of tea plants, and producing tea products that are both functional and sensory qualities. Due to their physiological and pharmacological values, the constituents from the oxidative polymerization of PPO in tea manufacturing may serve as functional foods to prevent and treat chronic non-communicable diseases. However, current knowledge of the utilization of PPO in the tea industry is only available from scattered sources, and a more comprehensive study is required to reveal the relationship between PPO and tea obviously. A more comprehensive review of the role of PPO in tea was reported for the first time, as its classification, catalytic mechanism, and utilization in modulating tea flavors, compositions, and nutrition, along with the relationships between PPO-mediated enzymatic reactions and the formation of functional constituents in tea, and the techniques for the modification and application of PPO based on modern enzymology and synthetic biology are summarized and suggested in this article.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Donglin; Liu, Yang; Zhang, DL; Huo, Wenwen; Zhang, Yifan; Xu, Lu; Yang, Yujie; Yu, Xiaoying; Li, Yanlin; Xiong, Xingyao; Li, Yang; Xiang, Lili] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Donglin; Liu, Yang; Zhang, DL; Huo, Wenwen; Zhang, Yifan; Xu, Lu; Yang, Yujie; Yu, Xiaoying; Li, Yanlin; Li, Yang; Xiang, Lili] Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Varie, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Ling, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Econ, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yanlin; Xiong, Xingyao] Kunpeng Inst Modern Agr, Foshan 528225, Peoples R China.;[Xiong, Xingyao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzheng, Shenzhen 518120, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, DL; Yu, XY; Li, YL ] H;[Zhang, DL ] U;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Varie, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Kunpeng Inst Modern Agr, Foshan 528225, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum;light quality;leaf color;gene expression;anthocyanin
摘要：
Light quality is a vital environmental signal used to trigger growth and to develop structural differentiation in plants, and it influences morphological, physiological, and biochemical metabolites. In previous studies, different light qualities were found to regulate the synthesis of anthocyanin. However, the mechanism of the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves in response to light quality remains unclear. In this study, the Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum "Xiangnong Fendai" plant was treated with white light (WL), blue light (BL), ultraviolet-A light (UL), and blue light plus ultraviolet-A light (BL + UL), respectively. Under BL, the leaves were described as increasing in redness from "olive green" to "reddish-brown". The chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, and total flavonoid content were significantly higher at 7 d than at 0 d. In addition, BL treatment also significantly increased the accumulation of soluble sugar and soluble protein. In contrast to BL, ultraviolet-A light increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activities of three antioxidant enzymes in the leaves, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in varying degrees over time. Moreover, we also found that the CRY-like gene, HY5-like gene, BBX-like gene, MYB-like gene, CHS-like gene, DFR-like gene, ANS-like gene, and UFGT-like gene were significantly upregulated. Furthermore, the SOD-like, POD-like, and CAT-like gene expressions related to antioxidase synthesis were found under ultraviolet-A light conditions. In summary, BL is more conducive to reddening the leaves of "Xiangnong Fendai" and will not lead to excessive photooxidation. This provides an effective ecological strategy for light-induced leaf-color changes, thereby promoting the ornamental and economic value of L. chinense var. rubrum.
通讯机构：
[Sheng Zhang] N;National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilisation of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
关键词：
Obesity;Functional components of tea;Fat metabolism;Glucose metabolism;Liver function;Gut microbiome;Clinical research
摘要：
Obesity caused by poor eating habits has become a great challenge faced by public health organizations worldwide. Optimizing dietary intake and ingesting special foods containing biologically active substances (such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenes) is a safe and effective dietary intervention to prevent the occurrence and development of obesity. Tea contains several active dietary factors, and daily tea consumption has been shown to have various health benefits, especially in regulating human metabolic diseases. Here, we reviewed recent advances in research on tea and its functional components in improving obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, and gut microbiota homeostasis and related clinical research. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms by which the functional components of tea could promote lipid-lowering and weight-loss effects by regulating fat synthesis/metabolism, glucose metabolism, gut microbial homeostasis, and liver function were summarized. The research results showing a "positive effect" or "no effect" objectively evaluates the lipid-lowering and weight-loss effects of the functional components of tea. This review provides a new scientific basis for further research on the functional ingredients of tea for lipid lowering and weight loss and the development of lipid-lowering and weight-loss functional foods and beverages derived from tea.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
摘要：
As a most significant cereal crop, maize provides vital nutritional components to humans and livestock. Drought stress curtails maize growth and yield by impairing several morphological, physiological, and biochemical functions. The rising threats of drought stress significantly affect global food security and increase the ratio of hunger and starvation. The use of molecular breeding techniques has enabled maize researchers to deeply examine the genetic control of drought tolerance and the genetic differences between genotypes to drought stress. Despite the significant progress in molecular genetics, the drought tolerance mechanism is still not fully understood. With the advancements in molecular research, researchers have identified several molecular factors associated with maize tolerance to drought stress. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis have led to identifying QTL, and genes linked to drought tolerance in maize that can be further exploited for their possible breeding applications. Transcriptome and transcription factors (TFs) analysis has revealed the documentation of potential genes and protein groups that might be linked to drought tolerance and accelerate the drought breeding program. Genetic engineering has been used to develop transgenic maize cultivars that are resistant to drought stress. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) is a new ray of hope to edit the gene of interest to enhance drought tolerance in maize and save both time and cost in cultivar development. In the current review article, we have tried to present an updated picture of the advancements of drought tolerance in maize and its future prospects. These organized pieces of information can assist future researchers in understanding the basis of drought tolerance to adopt a potential breeding tool for breeding drought-tolerant maize cultivars.
通讯机构：
[Kunbo Wang; Juan Li] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients & Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients & Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is an important contributor to bitterness and astringency in summer tea leaves; however, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of EGCG biosynthesis remain unclear. In this study, EGCG content was significantly decreased after foliar spraying with nano-Se fertilizers in tea leaves. A WRKY transcription factor (TF), CsWRKY70, was found to be positively related to EGCG content. The open reading frame of CsWRKY70 was 891 bp encoding 296 amino acids. CsWRKY70 is localized to the nucleus and has transcriptional activation activity. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that CsWRKY70 can directly bind to the promoters of CsLAR and CsUGT84A containing W-box (5 '-C/TTGACT/C-3 ') sequences. Dual-luciferase reporter experiment verified that CsWRKY70 activated CsLAR and CsUGT84A expressions in tobacco leaves. In summary, these results demonstrated that CsWRKY70 may reduce EGCG biosynthesis by inhibiting the CsLAR and CsUGT84A expressions under nano-Se treatment. Our findings provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of WRKY TFs involved in catechin biosynthesis and offer a theoretical basis for breeding low or high EGCG content tea cultivars.
