通讯机构：
[Zong-Jun Li] N;National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
To explore the mechanism by which Akkermansia muciniphila cell-free supernatant improves glucose and lipid metabolisms in Caenorhabditis elegans, the present study used different dilution concentrations of Akkermansia muciniphila cell-free supernatant as an intervention for with Caenorhabditis elegans under a high-glucose diet. The changes in lifespan, exercise ability, level of free radicals, and characteristic indexes of glucose and lipid metabolisms were studied. Furthermore, the expression of key genes of glucose and lipid metabolisms was detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that A. muciniphila cell-free supernatant significantly improved the movement ability, prolonged the lifespan, reduced the level of ROS, and alleviated oxidative damage in Caenorhabditis elegans. A. muciniphila cell-free supernatant supported resistance to increases in glucose and triglyceride induced by a high-glucose diet and downregulated the expression of key genes of glucose metabolism, such as gsy-1, pygl-1, pfk-1.1, and pyk-1, while upregulating the expression of key genes of lipid metabolism, such as acs-2, cpt-4, sbp-1, and tph-1, as well as down-regulating the expression of the fat-7 gene to inhibit fatty acid biosynthesis. These findings indicated that A. muciniphila cell-free supernatant, as a postbiotic, has the potential to prevent obesity and improve glucose metabolism disorders and other diseases.
通讯机构：
[Shenghua Ding] L;Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Fruits and Vegetables Storage Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION,2023年9:1111880 ISSN：2296-861X
作者机构：
[Deng, Fangming; Wang, Zengguang; Zhao, Lingyan; Zhang, Yixuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Chengcheng] Hunan Guotai Foods Co Ltd, Yueyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Fan, Shichao] Junjie Food Technol Co Ltd, Shaoyang, Peoples R China.
关键词：
bacteriocin;Lactic acid bacteria;Biological characteristics;Separation and purification;Antimicrobial activity
摘要：
In this study, screening bacteriocin-producing strains from 2,000 plant-derived strains by agar well diffusion method was conducted. The corresponding produced bacteriocin was purified and identified by Sephadex gel chromatography, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Meanwhile, the biological characteristics of bacteriocin were investigated. The targeted strain W3-2 was obtained and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum by morphological observation and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Correspondingly, a novel bacteriocin (named plantaricin W3-2) produced by L. plantarum W3-2 with a molecular weight of 618.26 Da, and an amino acid sequence of AVEEE was separated, purified by Sephadex gel chromatography and RP-HPLC, and identified by LC-MS/MS. Further characteristics analysis displayed that plantaricin W3-2 had good thermal, pH stability, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial ability. In conclusion, plantaricin W3-2 can be used as a new food preservative.
关键词：
Antioxidant activity;Astilbin;Bioaccessibility;Enzyme inhibition;Molecular dynamic simulation;Natural deep eutectic solvent
摘要：
Astilbin, a natural flavonoid, possesses multiple functionalities, while the poor bioavailability seriously restricts its application in functional food and medicine. Therefore, in this study, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) with choline chloride: lactic acid (CHCL-LAC) is selected to deliver astilbin by evaluating the bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, and the inhibitory effect with underlying mechanism of astilbin-CHCL-LAC against & alpha;-amylase/& alpha;-glucosidase were investigated. The CHCL-LAC showed significant high astilbin bioaccessibility (84.1% bioaccessible) and DPPH and ORAC antioxidant capacity with 75.7% and 57.7% respectively after 3 h in vitro digestion, which may be attributed by hydrogen bond based supramolecule formed between astilbin and CHCL-LAC. Moreover, significant inhibitions of astilbin-CHCL-LAC on & alpha;-amylase (IC50 of 0.67 g/L) and & alpha;-glucosidase (IC50 of 0.64 g/L) were observed in mixed competitive and noncompetitive manners. The dominant binding force between enzymes and astilbin were the hydrogen and hydrophobic interaction. This is the first time that the underlying mechanisms for astilbin delivered by NaDESs were revealed, suggesting that CHCL-LAC-based NaDESs are promising ready-to-use vehicles of natural inhibitors for carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes.
摘要：
High glucose levels can lead to the apoptosis of islet β cells, while autophagy can provide cytoprotection and promote autophagic cell death. Vitamin B12, a water-soluble B vitamin, has been shown to regulate insulin secretion and increase insulin sensitivity. However, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of vitamin B12 on high glucose-induced apoptosis and autophagy in RIN-m5F cells to elucidate how vitamin B12 modulates insulin release. Our results demonstrate that exposure to 45 mM glucose led to a significant increase in the apoptosis rate of RIN-m5F cells. The treatment with vitamin B12 reduced the apoptosis rate and increased the number of autophagosomes. Moreover, vitamin B12 increased the ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta to microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3-II/LC3-I), while decreasing the amount of sequestosome 1 (p62) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) under both normal- and high-glucose conditions. The additional experiments revealed that vitamin B12 inhibited high glucose-induced apoptosis. Notably, this protective effect was attenuated when the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine was introduced. Our findings suggest that vitamin B12 protects islet β cells against apoptosis induced by high glucose levels, possibly by inducing autophagy.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, MM ] J;Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Galanga;Maillard reaction;Free radical -centered path;Quantum chemical computation
摘要：
The simultaneous alleviating effect of Rhizoma kaempferiae and kaempferol on accumulation of acrylamide and methylimidazole in cookies was explored. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and density functional theory (DFT) were used to investigate the potential mechanism relating to the quenching of free radicals and elimination of carbonyl intermediates. The maximum inhibition rates for acrylamide and methylimidazole were 52% and 70% (15 g/kg RK). EPR experiments showed that the HO center dot and carbon-centered free radicals, critical for the production of acrylamide and methylimidazole, were reduced by RK and kaempferol in a dose-dependent manner. DFT indicated that the 1-OH group of kaempferol was the most important and quenched HO center dot mainly via H-atom Transfer. The active carbonyl intermediates, acrylaldehyde, glyoxal, and methylglyoxal can also be reduced by RK and kaempferol, which may result from the quenching of free radicals. On the basis of these results, we suggested that RK and kaempferol exerts simultaneous alleviating effect for accumulation of acrylamide and methylimidazole by blocking free radicals-centered path and reducing active carbonyl intermediate.
通讯机构：
[Zhonghua Liu] K;Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
Aging-associated cognitive dysfunction has a great influence on the lifespan and healthspan of the elderly. Theaflavins (TFs), a mixture of ingredients formed from enzymatic oxidation of catechins during the manufacture of tea, have a positive contribution to the qualities and antiaging activities of black tea. However, the role of TFs in mitigating aging-induced cognitive dysfunction and the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we find that TFs effectively improve behavioral impairment via the microbiota-gut-brain axis: TFs maintain gut homeostasis by improving antioxidant ability, strengthening the immune response, increasing the expression of tight junction proteins, restructuring the gut microbiota, and altering core microbiota metabolites, i.e., short-chain fatty acids and essential amino acids (SCFAs and AAs), and upregulating brain neurotrophic factors. Removing the gut microbiota with antibiotics partly abolishes the neuroprotective effects of TFs. Besides, correlation analysis indicates that the decrease in gut microbiota, such as Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae, and the increase in microbiota metabolites' levels are positively correlated with behavioral improvements. Taken together, our findings reveal a potential role of TFs in mitigating aging-driven cognitive dysfunction via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The intake of TFs can be translated into a novel dietary intervention approach against aging-induced cognitive decline.
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM,2023年108(6):1415-1424 ISSN：0021-972X
通讯作者：
Minghai Hu<&wdkj&>Dongbo Liu
作者机构：
[Wu, Ruiyu; Liu, Dongbo; Zhou, Jiali; Kang, Xincong; Yang, Xiao] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort Coll, 1 Nongda Rd, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Dongbo; Yang, Xiao] Clin Res Ctr, State Key Lab Subhlth Intervent Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Xiao] Changsha Commerce & Tourism Coll, Nutr & Food Catering, Changsha 410116, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Jiali] Dept Shizi Mt Primary Care, Changsha 410007, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Bi; Shao, Huige] Changsha Cent Hosp, Endocrinol Dept, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Minghai Hu] D;[Dongbo Liu] H;Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China<&wdkj&>Horticulture College, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China<&wdkj&>Clinical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology , Changsha 410128 , China<&wdkj&>College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
摘要：
CONTEXT: The 2021 consensus report on the definition and interpretation of remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been released. Although intermittent fasting diets (IF) are becoming very popular, no studies have investigated their benefit in diabetes remission. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the effectiveness of IF in diabetes remission and potential remission durability. METHODS: Participants between ages 38 and 72 years with a duration of T2D of 1 to 11 years, a body mass index (BMI) of 19.1 to 30.4, 66.7% male, and antidiabetic agent use and/or insulin injection were randomly allocated at a ratio of 1:1 to the Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) or control group. The primary outcome was diabetes remission, defined as a stable glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of less than 48 mmol/mol (< 6.5%) for at least 3 months after discontinuing all antidiabetic medications. The secondary outcomes included HbA1c level, fasting blood glucose level, blood pressure, weight, quality of life, and medication costs. We conducted a 12-month follow-up to assess the continuation of remission. RESULTS: On completing the 3-month intervention plus 3-month follow-up, 47.2% (17/36) of participants achieved diabetes remission in the CMNT group, whereas only 2.8% (1/36) of individuals achieved remission in the control group (odds ratio 31.32; 95% CI, 2.39-121.07; P < 0.0001). The mean body weight of participants in the CMNT group was reduced by 5.93 kg (SD 2.47) compared to 0.27 kg (1.43) in the control group. After the 12-month follow-up, 44.4% (16/36) of the participants achieved sustained remission, with an HbA1c level of 6.33% (SD 0.87). The medication costs of the CMNT group were 77.22% lower than those of the control group (60.4/month vs 265.1/month). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the clinical efficacy of CMNT in achieving diabetes remission for at least 1 year.
