Enhancement of Fenton processes at initial circumneutral pH for the degradation of norfloxacin with Fe@FeS core-shell nanowires
作者：
Zhou, Yuzhou;Yao, Bin* ;Yuan, Yawen;Hu, Wenyong;Liu, Jingyi;...
期刊：
Environmental Technology ,2023年44(16):2451-2461 ISSN：0959-3330
通讯作者：
Yao, Bin;Zhou, YY
作者机构：
[Zou, Huanwei; Yao, Bin; Zhou, Yuzhou; Zhou, YY; Yuan, Yawen; Zhou, Yaoyu; Yao, B] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Wenyong; Liu, Jingyi] Jishou Univ, Coll Biol Resources & Environm Sci, Jishou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, YY ; Yao, B] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
core–shell structure;[email protected] nanowires;heterogeneous Fenton;Norfloxacin;oxidation
摘要：
The disadvantages of narrow working pH range (2.5–4.0), accumulation of iron sludge and incomplete degradation have hindered the practical application of the traditional homogeneous Fenton technique. In this research, [email protected] core–shell nanowires were synthesised and the innovative [email protected]/Fe2+/H2O2 system was adopted for norfloxacin (NOR) degradation at an initial circumneutral pH. More than 95% NOR has been removed in the [email protected]/Fe2+/H2O2 system within 30 min at pH 7. After investigating the concentration change of total iron, Fe2+ and H2O2 during the degradation process, NOR degradation in the [email protected]/Fe2+/H2O2 system might be attributed to the combined effect of homogeneous Fenton reaction and heterogeneous Fenton process. Besides that, the added [email protected] has accelerated Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycle with extremely high degree. The generated reactive ●OH has been identified by electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer results, possible degradation intermediates have also been proposed according to Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis results. Moreover, [email protected] core–shell nanowires showed excellent reusability, it is a promising heterogeneous Fenton catalyst that is applicable for practical application. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
语种：
英文
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Response of microbial community to the remediation of neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid contaminated wetland soil by Phanerochaete chrysosporium
作者：
Shang, Cui;Chen, Anwei;Cao, Ruoyu;Luo, Si;Shao, Jihai;...
期刊：
Chemosphere ,2023年311(Pt 1):136975 ISSN：0045-6535
通讯作者：
Chen, Anwei(A.Chen@hunau.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Luo, Si; Cao, Ruoyu; Peng, Liang; Shang, Cui; Shao, Jihai; Zhang, Jiachao; Chen, Anwei; Huang, Hongli] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Anwei Chen] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China
关键词：
Imidacloprid;Microbial community;Neonicotinoids;Remediation;Soil;White-rot fungi
摘要：
Imidacloprid (IMI), a typic neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely used and persist in soils with long half-time causing serious threat to ecosystem and human health. It is urgent to develop suitable and effective methods to accelerate it degradation and alleviate its negative impacts in soil. In this study, the introduction of functional microbe white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium to remediate IMI contaminated wetland soil was carried out. The remediation performance and the response of the soil microbial community were examined. The results showed that P. chrysosporium could improve the degradation of IMI in soil no matter the soil was sterilized or not. The bioaugmentation was especially observed in non-sterilized soil under the inoculation patterns of FE and SP with the maximum IMI degradation rate of 91% and 93% in 7 days, respectively. The invertase activity in soil was also enhanced with P. chrysosporium inoculation. Microbial community analysis revealed that P. chrysosporium inoculation could increase the diversity and richness of bacterial community, and stimulate some IMI degraders genera including Ochrobactrum, Leifsonia, Achromobacter, and Bacillus. Moreover, the xenobiotic degradation and metabolism pathway was generally enhanced with P. chrysosporium inoculation based on PICRUSt analysis. These obtained results demonstrated that the introduction of white-rot fungus is of great potentially enabling the remediation of neonicotinoids contaminated soil. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Thin-walled vesicular Triazole-CN-PDI with electronic n→π* excitation and directional movement for enhanced atrazine photodegradation
作者：
Tang, Rongdi;Zeng, Hao;Gong, Daoxin;Deng, Yaocheng;Xiong, Sheng;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2023年451:138445 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Gong, Daoxin(gdx4910@163.com)
作者机构：
[Tang, Rongdi; Deng, Yaocheng; Li, Ling; Gong, Daoxin; Zhou, Zhanpeng; Xiong, Sheng; Zeng, Hao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Jiajia; Tang, Lin] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.;[Feng, Chengyang] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, KAUST Catalysis Ctr, Phys Sci & Engn Div, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia.
通讯机构：
[Daoxin Gong; Yaocheng Deng] C;College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Atrazine degradation;Molecular modification;N→π* electron excitation;Photocatalysis;Polymeric carbon nitride
摘要：
Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) as a competitive non-metal photocatalyst, has been widely applied in water treatment. However, the limited visible-light utilization and high photocarrier recombination rate restrict its photocatalytic efficiency. Herein, triazole and pyromellitic diimide were applied for the bimolecular decoration of polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) to fabricate TA-CN-PDI for the photodegradation of atrazine. The thin-walled vesicular morphology in TA-CN-PDI can enhance the n→π* electron excitation, and the donor-π-acceptor electronic structure can promote the directional movement of photogenerated electrons and holes. The theoretical and experimental results suggested that the vesicular structure and the donor-π-acceptor electronic structure synergistically promoted the photoactivity of the catalyst. Compared to the pristine PCN, the reaction rate constants of atrazine by TA-CN-PDI increased to 6.64-fold, achieving a 95 % removal rate. It was found that1O2, OH, h+, ·O2- were contributed to the ATZ degradation. In addition, mainly 14 intermediates and two pathways were proposed according to the LC-MS analysis. Hopefully, this modification strategy of PCN and its application in ATZ degradation can pave a way for subsequent research on the modification of photocatalysts. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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Synergistic effect of high-valent cobalt oxo species and piezoelectricity on enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation for atrazine removal
作者：
Xiong, Sheng;Zeng, Hao;Tang, Rongdi;Li, Ling;Zhou, Zhanpeng;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2023年466:143200 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Gong, Daoxin;Deng, YC
作者机构：
[Tang, Rongdi; Li, Ling; Deng, Yaocheng; Gong, Daoxin; Gong, DX; Zhou, Zhanpeng; Xiong, Sheng; Zeng, Hao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Jiajia; Tang, Rongdi] Hunan Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Ding, Chunxia] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, DX; Deng, YC ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Co(IV);BaTiO3;Biochar;Atrazine;Degradation
摘要：
Co-based catalysts, especially the role of high-valent cobalt oxo species (Co(IV)) have made considerable progress in the field of the advanced oxidation process based on peroxymonosulfate. Nevertheless, the unsatisfactory efficiency drives to find of a suitable method to enhance the electron transfer for the improved performance of Co-based catalyst/PMS systems. Here, Enteromorpha-derived biochar modified with cobalt and barium titanate (CoBCBa) was prepared by pyrolysis. It can completely remove atrazine (10 mg/L) within 30 min under ultrasonic, and exhibited strong environmental tolerance. The superior performance of CoBCBa is attributed to the synergistic effect of Co(IV) and the piezoelectricity of BaTiO3. The apparent reaction rate under the ultrasonic condition was 1.61 times higher than that non-ultrasonic condition. The density functional theory calculation indicates that the reduction of the energy barrier in the CoBCBa/PMS system is beneficial to the production of Co(IV). This work provides novel guidance for constructing piezoelectricity assisted high-valent cobalt oxo species to treat organic pollutants in environmental remediation. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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Combined effects of spent mushroom substrate and dicyandiamide on carbendazim dissipation in soils: Double-edged sword effects and potential risk controls
作者：
Wang, Andong;Zou, Dongsheng;Xu, Zhihong;Chen, Bin;Zhang, Xiaopeng;...
期刊：
Environmental Pollution ,2023年319:120992 ISSN：0269-7491
通讯作者：
Zhang, Manyun(manyunzhang@126.com)
作者机构：
[Chen, Falin; Wang, Andong; Chen, Bin; Zou, Dongsheng; Zhang, Manyun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Key Lab Rural Ecosyst Hlth Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Zhihong; Zhang, Manyun] Griffith Univ, Ctr Planetary Hlth & Food Secur, Sch Environm & Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia.;[Zhang, Xiaopeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hlth & Med Technol, Hefei Inst Phys Sci, Anhui Prov Key Lab Med Phys & Technol, Hefei 230001, Anhui, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Manyun Zhang] K;Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
关键词：
Carbendazim;Dicyandiamide;Health risk;Microbial community structure;Resistance genes
摘要：
Repeated and high-dose carbendazim applications have caused serious soil carbendazim contamination, and eco-friendly and economical approaches have been suggested to promote carbendazim removal in agricultural soil. Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a special recycled resource after harvesting mushrooms and can be utilized in contaminated soil amendment. The SMS application into agricultural soil might increase antibiotic resistance gene abundances, and the health risks of SMS application might be reduced with reasonable management to adjust the related electron transport of soil nitrification or denitrification. In this study, the SMS and nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide were used to remediate agricultural soil contaminated with the carbendazim, and the carbendazim contents, soil microbial biomass, activities and community and human disease genes were determined. Compared to the control treatment, the combined applications of SMS and dicyandiamide significantly decreased soil carbendazim content by 38.14% but significantly enhanced soil β-glucosidase, chitinase, arylsulfatase, urease and electron transfer system activities. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were increased by 11.0% and 8.2% with the SMS application, respectively. The carbendazim residues were negatively correlated with the soil pH, electron transfer system activities and relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. The relative abundances of human disease genes were also dramatically increased with the SMS application, but compared to the SMS alone, extra dicyandiamide application significantly reduced the relative abundances of human disease genes in soils. The SMS applications into fungicide-contaminated soils could generate double-edged sword effects of facilitating fungicide dissipation but leading to potential health risk increase, while applying the dicyandiamide with SMS might be an effective strategy to decrease the negative effect of health risk. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Effect of different amounts of fruit peel-based activator combined with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on enhancing phytoextraction of Cd from farmland soil by ryegrass
作者：
Zhao, Rule;Huang, Liuhui;Peng, Xin;Fan, Lingjia;Chen, Shuofu;...
期刊：
Environmental Pollution ,2023年316(Pt 1):120602 ISSN：0269-7491
通讯作者：
Huang, Hongli(huanghongli@hunau.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Fan, Lingjia; Qin, Pufeng; Chen, Shuofu; Huang, Liuhui; Zhang, Jiachao; Chen, Anwei; Peng, Xin; Zhao, Rule; Huang, Hongli] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Hunan Int Sci & Technol Cooperat Base Agr Typ Poll, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hongli Huang] H;Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Activator;Heavy metal;Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria;Phytoextraction;Ryegrass
摘要：
To improve the uptake of heavy metals by plants and increase the effectiveness of phytoextraction, chelating agents are employed to change the speciation of heavy metals in soil and increase their bioavailability. However, the effect of a single activator is limited. In recent years, compound activators have been applied widely to improve phytoextraction efficiency. In this study, a fruit peel-based activator (OG) was prepared, containing a mixture of orange peel extracts and tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (GLDA) (1.6% v/v) in a ratio of 1:1 (v/v). The pot experiment was used to investigate the effects of different amounts of OG combined with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Acinetobacter pitti, AP) on the extraction of Cd from farmland soil by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L). The results indicated that the addition of OG and AP increased the pH and EC of the soil and improved the content of nutrient elements in the soil. The optimal combination of the application rates of OG and AP improved the growth of ryegrass and enhanced the phytoextraction of Cd. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that total soil nitrogen had the greatest influence on phytoextraction, with a contribution rate of 85.3%, followed by pH, with a contribution rate of 7.7%. Total nitrogen, pH, available phosphorus, alkaline nitrogen, and total organic matter were correlated positively with plant Cd, soil Cd decrease ratio, and the bioaccumulation factor but negatively with total Cd and available Cd. Based on the findings of this study, it is feasible to apply the fruit peel-based activator (amended with GLDA) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to enhance phytoextraction of Cd, which will provide a valuable reference for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soils and the reutilization of fruit peel waste. When applying the compound activator, it is recommended to consider the influence of the additional amount of compound activator on the extraction efficiency. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Regulation of acidogenic fermentation through exogenous additives for promoting carbon conversion of food waste in two-phase anaerobic system
作者：
Luo, Liwen;Yan, Binghua;Xu, Suyun;Zhou, Jun;Liang, Jialin;...
期刊：
Bioresource Technology ,2023年368:128368 ISSN：0960-8524
通讯作者：
Wong, Jonathan W.C.(jwcwong@hkbu.edu.hk)
作者机构：
[Yan, Binghua; Zhou, Jun; Liang, Jialin; Zhao, Jun; Xu, Suyun; Tyagi, R. D.; Wong, Jonathan W. C.; Luo, Liwen] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Inst Bioresource & Agr, Dept Biol, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Binghua] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Suyun] Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Environm & Architecture, Shanghai 200093, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Jun] Nanjing Tech Univ, Fac Biotechnol & Pharmaceut Engn, Nanjing 211816, Peoples R China.;[Tyagi, R. D.; Wong, Jonathan W. C.] Huzhou Univ, Sch Technol, Huzhou 313000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jonathan W.C. Wong] I;Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China<&wdkj&>School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
关键词：
Acetate supply;Fermentation pathway;Leach bed;Megasphaera;Methane
摘要：
In this study, exogenous Megasphaera elsdenii inoculum and acetate supplementation were introduced at the acidogenic phase to regulate the acidogenic fermentation pathway and assess their effects on food waste (FW) carbon conversion in two-phase anaerobic digestion (AD) system. These two additives significantly accelerated organic removal efficiency and subsequently increased FW hydrolysis and acidogenesis by 16% and 35%, respectively. As expected, two exogenous additives promoted butyrate fermentation during FW acidogenesis. With regard to the role of exogenous additives, both hydrogen and butyrate yields increased by over 60%. This desired increment resulted in a 25% increase in methane production. The overall carbon conversion from FW in the integrated two-phase AD system was enhanced by biochemical additives, which was 1.3-fold higher than that in control without any additives. Collectively, findings demonstrate the feasibility of regulating acidogenic fermentation via exogenous biochemical additives and its benefits on FW carbon conversion during AD process. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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A dual-functional fluorescent probe for simultaneous visualization and quantification of Au and Pd species in environmental and biological systems
作者：
Gan, Yabing;Yin, Guoxing;Xu, Zhaomin;Zhou, Huyang;Yu, Ting;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2023年451:138437 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Yin, Peng(yinpeng@hunnu.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Yin, Peng; Yin, Guoxing; Gan, Yabing; Li, Haitao; Xu, Zhaomin; Yu, Ting] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Key Lab Chem Biol & Tradit Chinese Med Res, Minist Educ, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Huyang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng Yin] K;Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
关键词：
Gold;Multi-signal;Palladium species;Simultaneous visualization and quantification;Visual sensor
摘要：
Gold (Au) and palladium (Pd) species have been widely used in synthetic chemistry, biology, and environmental sciences, raising hard-to-ignore health and environment risks due to their potential toxicity. Herein, a novel dual-functional fluorescent probe was rationally designed and developed for simultaneous quantification and visualization of Au3+ and Pd species in the environmental and biological systems. Significant fluorescence enhancement at 484 and 606 nm and color changes were observed upon addition of Au3+ and Pd0 with high sensitivity. The detection limit for Au3+ and Pd0 was as low as 68 nM and 7 nM, respectively. Combined with smartphone chromaticity and dual-channel fluorescence imaging analysis, this probe was successfully applied to the quantification and visualization of Au3+ and Pd species in real water samples. Thus, simultaneous naked-eye visualization and quantification of Au3+ and Pd0 in real water samples was achieved using this probe. The probe was also successfully applied to fluorescence imaging of Au3+ and Pd0 in HeLa cells and zebrafish, promoting the monitor and understanding about gold and palladium species in environmental and biological systems. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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Current progress on plastic/microplastic degradation: Fact influences and mechanism
作者：
Lin, Zhenyan;Jin, Tuo;Zou, Tao;Xu, Li;Xi, Bin;...
期刊：
Environmental Pollution ,2022年304:119159 ISSN：0269-7491
通讯作者：
Fei, Jiangchi(jack-fei@hunau.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Xu, Li; Lin, Zhenyan; Zhou, Yaoyu; Fei, Jiangchi; Peng, Jianwei; Jin, Tuo; Zou, Tao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[He, Jianwu; Lin, Zhenyan; Xiong, Lizhi] Jishou Univ, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Jishou 416000, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Dandan; Xi, Bin] Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Rural Energy & Environm Agcy, Beijing 100125, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Chongjian] Cent South Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jiangchi Fei] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
关键词：
Biodegradation;Enzymes;Microplastics;Physicochemical degradation
摘要：
Plastic pollution, particularly non-degradable residual plastic films and microplastics (MPs), is a serious environmental problem that continues to worsen each year. Numerous studies have characterized the degradation of plastic fragments; however, there is known a lack of about the state of current physicochemical biodegradation methods used for plastics treatment and their degradation efficiency. Therefore, this review explores the effects of different physicochemical factors on plastics/MPs degradation, including mechanical comminution, ultraviolet radiation, high temperature, and pH value. Further, this review discusses different mechanisms of physicochemical degradation and summarizes the degradation efficiency of these factors under various conditions. Additionally, the important role of enzymes in the biodegradation mechanism of plastics/MPs is also discussed. Collectively, the topics discussed in this review provide a solid basis for future research on plastics/MPs degradation methods and their effects. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Human activities uncouple the cascading effects of hydrological gradients on plant diversity and ecosystem functions in the Lake Dongting wetland
作者：
Fu, Hui;Wang, Xiaoyan;Ge, Dabing;Li, Wei;Tan, Xiaoyao;...
期刊：
Ecohydrology ,2022年15(1):e2359- ISSN：1936-0584
通讯作者：
Fu, Hui(huifu367@163.com);Ge, Dabing(1157630608@qq.com)
作者机构：
[Tan, Xiaoyao; Ge, Dabing; Wang, Xiaoyan; Fu, Hui; Yuan, Guixiang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Ecol Dept, Hunan Prov Key Lab Rural Ecosyst Hlth Lake Dongti, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wei] Nanchang Inst Technol, Res Inst Ecol & Environm Sci, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Jeppesen, Erik] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Silkeborg, Denmark.;[Jeppesen, Erik] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sino Danish Ctr Educ & Res SDC, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Jeppesen, Erik] Middle East Tech Univ, Limnol Lab, Dept Biol Sci, Ankara, Turkey.
通讯机构：
[Hui Fu; Dabing Ge] E;Ecology Department, College of Resources & Environments, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Lake Dongting Area, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词：
above-ground biomass;community-weighted mean;generalized multilevel path model;habitat type;lake wetlands;taxonomic and functional diversity
摘要：
Human activities markedly modify diversity patterns of plant communities and their response to environmental conditions, with subsequent consequences for ecosystem functions. We measured 11 key functional traits of 47 plant species and assessed both taxonomic and functional composition as well as above-ground biomass (AGB) of plant communities from 127 plots in the Lake Dongting wetland. Using a generalized multilevel path model, we examined the cascading effects of hydrological gradients on plant diversity and ecosystem functions in two distinct habitat types (short grassland with a natural community dominated by Carex spp. and tall grassland with a managed artificial community dominated by Triarrhena lutarioriparia and Phragmites australis). We found significant differences in the response of plant diversity and AGB to hydrological gradients. Species richness, Shannon–Wiener diversity, multiple-trait functional diversity measures (i.e., functional richness, functional dispersion & Rao's quadratic entropy) and community-weighted mean (CWM) of shoot height were all significantly higher and functional divergence and CWM of tuber significantly lower in tall grassland. AGB was significantly higher in short grassland, largely driven by variations of functional diversity rather than of taxonomic diversity. Moreover, we found a significant cascading effect of elevation and soil moisture on AGB, directly or indirectly induced by changes in functional diversity in the short grassland, while only direct effects of elevation on AGB were observed in the tall grassland. Therefore, our study provides strong evidence that human-induced changes in habitat types uncoupled the cascading effects of hydrological gradients on ecosystem functions mediated by either the taxonomic or the functional diversity. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
语种：
英文
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π-π Stacked step-scheme PDI/g-C3N4/TiO2@Ti3C2 photocatalyst with enhanced visible photocatalytic degradation towards atrazine via peroxymonosulfate activation
作者：
Tang, Rongdi;Gong, Daoxin* ;Deng, Yaocheng;Xiong, Sheng;Deng, Jie;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2022年427:131809 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Gong, Daoxin;Deng, YC
作者机构：
[Tang, Rongdi; Deng, Yaocheng; Li, Ling; Gong, Daoxin; Su, Long; Gong, DX; Zhou, Zhanpeng; Yang, Lihua; Xiong, Sheng; Deng, Jie; Zheng, Jiangfu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, DX; Deng, YC ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Step-scheme heterojunction;MXene;pi-pi Stacked PDI/g-C3N4;Photocatalysis;Atrazine degradation
摘要：
In this study, a novel π-π stacked PDI/g-C3N4/TiO2@Ti3C2 photocatalyst with step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction was constructed to boost the atrazine (ATZ) photocatalytic degradation by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The π-π interaction in the PDI/g-C3N4 induced the delocalization of the photoelectrons, therefore promoted their migration. Meanwhile, the intimate contact and the staggered band configurations between the PDI/g-C3N4 and TiO2@Ti3C2 results in the S-scheme heterojunction thus declined the recombination of photocarriers. The π-π interaction and S-scheme heterojunction synergistically promoted the ATZ removal rate to 75% within one hour and can be well-adapted in a variety of environments. It was found that 1O2 domain the photocatalysis, and the H2O2 generated during the reaction may also be helpful for the process. The transformation of ATZ, intermediates, and three pathways during the process were also investigated via LC-MS. Moreover, the total organic carbon analysis shows that the mineralization of ATZ reached 46.08%. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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Ultrafast photodegradation of nitenpyram by Ag/Ag3PO4/Zn–Al LDH composites activated by persulfate system: Removal efficiency, degradation pathway and reaction mechanism
作者：
Zheng, Jiangfu;Li, Wenbo;Tang, Rongdi;Xiong, Sheng;Gong, Daoxin* ;...
期刊：
Chemosphere ,2022年292:133431 ISSN：0045-6535
通讯作者：
Gong, Daoxin;Deng, YC
作者机构：
[Tang, Rongdi; Deng, Yaocheng; Li, Ling; Gong, Daoxin; Su, Long; Gong, DX; Zhou, Zhanpeng; Yang, Lihua; Xiong, Sheng; Zheng, Jiangfu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Wenbo] Hunan Prov Environm Protect Engn Ctr Organ Pollut, Changsha 410001, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, DX; Deng, YC ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Catalytic degradation;Layered double hydroxides;Nitenpyram;Persulfate activation;Silver phosphate
摘要：
In this study, an investigation is conducted into the degradation of nitenpyram (NTP) using highly efficient APMMO/PDS/Vis system. As photocatalysts, silver phosphate (AP) and calcined Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (MMO) exhibit high efficiency in achieving charge separation. Besides, the injection of electrons into peroxydisulfate (PDS) from the APMMO can contribute to obtaining the species in the active state with higher efficiency. Based on the APMMO/PDS/Vis system, 50 mg/L of nitenpyram (NTP, 50 mL) can be completely removed in 60 min using 0.8 g/L photocatalyst and 0.2 g/L PDS under the optimum condition and visible light (780 nm > lambda > 420 nm). Meanwhile, as demonstrated under visible light within 30 min, an ultrahigh degradation efficiency can be achieved by NTP based on APMMO1/PDS/Vis system. Besides, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique and radical quenching experiments suggested 1O2, h+, SO4 center dot, center dot O2 , and center dot OH are all contributory to the removal of pollutants. Given the outcomes achieved by LC/MS system and mass spectrometry, the primary degradation intermediates of NTP end up being converted into photodegradation products (such as 2-Chloropyridine, 6-Chloropurine Riboside and DL-Leucine). Additionally, there are three potential photodegradation pathways to NTP degradation have been deployed. Moreover, the NTP light degradation occurring in APMMO1/PDS/Vis system is competent under the three types of real water sample. Accordingly, the high-efficiency APMMO1/PDS/Vis system is fit for use in water pollution control for agricultural productions.
语种：
英文
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Understanding how reed-biochar application mitigates nitrogen losses in paddy soil: Insight into microbially-driven nitrogen dynamics
作者：
Zhang, Yuping;Zhao, Hang;Hu, Wang;Wang, Yizhe;Zhang, Hanfeng;...
期刊：
Chemosphere ,2022年295:133904 ISSN：0045-6535
通讯作者：
Luo, GW
作者机构：
[Luo, GW; Wang, Yizhe; Luo, Gongwen; Zhang, Yuping; Fei, Jiangchi; Hu, Wang; Zhao, Hang; Zhang, Hanfeng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Hunan Prov Key Lab Farmland Pollut Control & Agr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yizhe; Luo, Gongwen; Zhang, Yuping; Fei, Jiangchi; Hu, Wang; Zhao, Hang; Zhang, Hanfeng] Natl Engn Lab Efficient Utilizat Soil & Fertilize, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuan] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Soil & Fertilizer, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Gongwen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, GW ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Hunan Prov Key Lab Farmland Pollut Control & Agr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Extracellular enzyme;Functional population;Nitrogen dynamics;Nitrogen loss;Paddy soil;Reed biochar
摘要：
Biochar application to chemical-amended paddy soils has been proposed as a potential strategy to enhance nitrogen (N) retention and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by crops. However, optimal concentrations for these enhancements and the potential drivers are not well understood. Herein, a column-based pot experiment was carried out to investigate the impacts of reed-biochar application rate on N losses and dynamics in paddy soils treated by chemical fertilizer, and particularly, to explore the dominant factors of the processes. The addition of 2–4% reed-biochar had the most significant effects on mitigating N loss by leaching. Reed-biochar amendment increased soil total N and mineral N (NH4+-N and NO3−-N) content, and denitrifying gene abundance, and the increments of those variables were positively related to the application rate. Soil treated with 1–4% reed-biochar at harvest period showed higher gene abundances of ammonia-oxidizing and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and higher activity of β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and leucine aminopeptidase compared with the 4–8% application rate. The amoA-AOA gene abundance, NAG activity, and total carbon (C) content were the main predictors of total N and mineral N accumulated leakage. Total C content was the main predictor of soil total N and mineral N content, followed by the pH and NAG activity. These results suggest that adding 2–4% reed-biochar was more beneficial to mitigate N loss and thus enhance soil N storage and availability. This study highlights the importance of understanding how microbial populations mediate N transformation to decipher biochar-driven NUE enhancement in paddy soils. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Interfacial chemical behaviors and petroleum hydrocarbon removal performances of the biochar-mineral composites prepared by one-step pyrolysis
作者：
Lin, Meixia;Li, Fayun;Wang, Wei;Rong, Xiangmin
期刊：
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects ,2022年655:130217 ISSN：0927-7757
通讯作者：
Li, FY
作者机构：
[Li, Fayun; Rong, Xiangmin; Lin, Meixia] Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Resources & Environm Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Wei; Li, Fayun; Lin, Meixia] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R China.;[Li, Fayun; Li, FY] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, FY ] S;Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Ecol Technol & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Biochar;Mineral;Petroleum hydrocarbon;Adsorption;Removal mechanism
摘要：
Three biochar-based adsorbents, namely, original ecological biochar (BC), attapulgite-biochar composite (ABC), and FeCl3-attapulgite-biochar composite (FABC), were successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere in the study. The as-prepared samples were applied to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from soil. The characterization results of interfacial chemical behaviors of the adsorbents indicated that Fe-O-C metallic-organic complexes were generated on the surface of biochar when FeCl3 and ATP was added in the pyrolysis process of biochar. FABC performed best in improving the stability and oxidation resistance of biochar. The adsorption experiments of petroleum hydrocarbons indicated that the maximum removal efficiency of FABC was 86.75%, which was 1.39 times of that of ABC and 1.56 times of that of BC. The composition changes of petroleum hydrocarbons before and after adsorption experiments were analyzed with UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscope (UV–vis DRS) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Primary adsorption mechanisms of petroleum hydrocarbons onto FABC were attributed to surface adsorption, micropore filling, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and chelating effects and oxidation-reduction reactions were also involved in the adsorption process. Therefore, as a low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly adsorbent, FABC is significant in removing organic pollutants from soil. © 2022
语种：
英文
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Milk vetch returning reduces rice grain Cd concentration in paddy fields: Roles of iron plaque and soil reducing-bacteria
作者：
Zheng, Shen;Liao, Yulin;Xu, Chao;Wang, Yi;Zhang, Quan;...
期刊：
Chemosphere ,2022年308(Pt 1):136158 ISSN：0045-6535
通讯作者：
Xu, Chao(xuchao1388@126.com)
作者机构：
[Wang, Yi; Huang, Daoyou; Xu, Chao; Zhu, Qihong; Zhu, Hanhua; Zheng, Shen; Zhang, Quan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Yulin] Soil & Fertilizer Inst Hunan Prov, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Yaoyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Yuqing; Zhong, Delai] Thsube Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chao Xu] K;Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
关键词：
Cd;Iron plaque;Milk vetch;Reducing-bacteria;Rice
摘要：
Milk vetch (MV, Astragalus sinicus L.) is used in agricultural production as a green manure; however, its impact on accumulation levels of heavy metals (e.g., Cd) in rice remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of MV on Cd accumulation in rice, iron plaque formation, soil properties, and the soil microbial community structure through field experiments. The results showed that MV reduced Cd concentration in the roots, stem, leaves, and grains by 33%, 60%, 71%, and 49%, respectively. Chemical fertilizer and MV treatment promoted iron plaque formation, and MV considerably increased the Fe/Mn ratio in the iron plaque. More importantly, MV inhibited Cd transportation from the root iron plaque to the root by 74%. The concentrations of CaCl2-extractable Cd, available phosphorus, and available potassium, as well as the cation exchange capacity and urease activity, were significantly reduced in the MV treatment. Furthermore, 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing results of the soil microbial community structure showed that compared with the control, MV increased the soil microbial richness, increased the relative abundance of anaerobic microorganisms, and significantly increased the relative abundance of Thermodesulfovibrio and Geobacter at the genus level. The increase in anaerobic microbial abundance was closely related to the decrease in CaCl2-extractable Cd concentration. The application of MV promoted the formation of iron plaque, inhibited the transport of Cd, increased the abundance of anaerobic microorganisms, decreased the CaCl2-extractable Cd concentration, and reduced the Cd concentration in rice grain. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Self-assembled sulphur doped carbon nitride for photocatalytic water reforming of methanol
作者：
Wang, Hui;Thangamuthu, Madasamy;Wu, Zhibin;Yang, Jianlong;Yuan, Hongzhao;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2022年445:136790 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Tang, Junwang(junwang.tang@ucl.ac.uk)
作者机构：
[Thangamuthu, Madasamy; Wang, Hui; Tang, Junwang] UCL, Dept Chem Engn, London WC1E 7JE, England.;[Wu, Zhibin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jianlong] Northwest Univ, Coll Chem & Mat Sci, Key Lab Synthet, Energy & Catalysis Hub, Xi'an 710127, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Hongzhao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jianlong] Northwest Univ, Coll Chem & Mat Sci, Nat Funct Mol Chem Minist Educ, Energy & Catalysis Hub, Xi'an 710127, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Junwang Tang] D;Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
关键词：
C-S-H bonds;Doped graphitic carbon nitride;H2 production;High stability;Photocatalysis;Water reforming of methanol
摘要：
The ability to effectively harness and store renewable solar energy in chemical forms, e.g., methanol has been widely recognised as a promising and sustainable strategy for H2 storage. Though traditional steam reforming of methanol enables effective H2 release from methanol and water, the harsh operating conditions result in high energy consumption and CO by-product. To minimize CO emission and maximise H2 production, photocatalytic liquid water reforming of methanol has been developed to produce H2 by sulphur doped graphitic carbon nitride (SCN) in this work. Consequently, both H2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be evolved in an ideal ratio of 3:1 and H2 yield has been found to be dependent on pH and the reaction temperature. A stable and reproducible H2 evolution rate of 14.7 mmol g-1h−1 from water/methanol over 95 h without CO evolution has been achieved, with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of c.a. 30 % at 365 nm. The sulphur was found to exist as N-S-H and C-S-H bonds in the SCN photocatalysts, while the latter was found to be well correlated to the photocatalytic activity of H2 production. Such sulfur doping narrows the bandgap and offers enhanced charge separation, thus leading to enhanced photocatalytic activity. © 2022 The Authors
语种：
英文
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Oriented conversion of agricultural bio-waste to value-added products - A schematic review towards key nutrient circulation
作者：
Ren, Liheng;Kong, Xiaoliang;Su, Jian;Zhao, Danyang;Dong, Wenjian;...
期刊：
Bioresource Technology ,2022年346:126578 ISSN：0960-8524
通讯作者：
Yan, Binghua(binghuayan@yeah.net)
作者机构：
[Liu, Chunmiao; Dong, Wenjian; Liu, Chao; Yan, Binghua; Ren, Liheng; Su, Jian; Zhao, Danyang; Kong, Xiaoliang; Luo, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Binghua Yan] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Agricultural waste;Anaerobic digestion;Biochar;Circular economy;Compost
摘要：
Agriculture bio-waste is one of the largest sectors for nutrient circulation and resource recovery. This review intends to summarize the possible scheme through coupling chemical conversion of crop straws to biochar and biological conversion of livestock waste to value-added products thus reaching key nutrient circulation. Chemical conversion of crop straws to biochar was reviewed through summarizing the preparation methods and functional modification of biochar. Then, high-solid two-phase anaerobic conversion of agriculture bio-waste to value-added products and improved performance of bio-conversion through byproduct gases reuse and biochar supplementation were reviewed. Finally, high quality compost production through amendment of biochar and residual digestate was proposed with analysis of reduced nitrogen emission and carbon balance. The biological mechanism of synergistic regulation of carbon and nitrogen loss during bio-conversion with biochar was also reviewed. This will provide a model for synergistic conversion of agricultural wastes to value added products pursuing key nutrient circulation. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Adsorption-Based Removal of Sb (III) from Wastewater by Graphene Oxide-Modified Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Framework Composites
作者：
Deng, Yilu;Mao, Qiming;Luo, Shuang;Xie, Xiande;Luo, Lin
期刊：
Adsorption Science & Technology ,2022年2022 ISSN：0263-6174
通讯作者：
Luo, Shuang(shuangluo@hunau.edu.cn);Luo, Lin(luolin@hunau.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Deng, Yilu; Xie, Xiande; Mao, Qiming; Luo, Shuang; Luo, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, S.; Luo, L.] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
摘要：
The treatment of Sb (III) wastewater produced from mining activities is uniquely challenging and has therefore garnered increasing attention. Here, an amino-modified zirconium-based metal-organic framework material (UiO-66-NH2) and its composites were loaded onto graphene oxide (GO@UiO-66-NH2) via the hydrothermal method, after which these materials were used to adsorb Sb (III) in mine wastewater. The effects of adsorption time, pH, initial Sb (III) concentration, temperature, and adsorbent dosage on the removal performance of Sb (III) were then investigated. The adsorption processes of Sb (III) were examined via adsorption kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic analyses. XRD, SEM, and FTIR analyses demonstrated the presence of a porous structure and high levels of oxygen-containing functional groups on the UiO-66-NH2 and GO@UiO-66-NH2 surfaces. During the Sb (III) adsorption process, the adsorption rates of UiO-66-NH2 and GO@UiO-66-NH2 were very fast in the first 10 minutes, and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 12 h, with the adsorption efficiencies of 91.76% and 93.79%, respectively. At a pH of 7.0, 25°C, an initial Sb (III) concentration of 100 mg/L, and an adsorbent dosage of 0.04 g/L, the maximum Sb (III) adsorption capacities of UiO-66-NH2 and GO@UiO-66-NH2 reached 39.23 mg/g and 61.07 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process was accurately described by the Langmuir model, meaning that the Sb (III) was adsorbed through single-layer uniform adsorption. Moreover, the adsorption process was highly consistent with the pseudo-second-order model, which was indicative of spontaneous and endothermic chemical adsorption. Additionally, the Sb (III) removal efficiency could be maintained approximately 70% after sorption-desorption recycling four times. Therefore, our study provides an economical and effective method for the removal of Sb (III) in wastewater treatment. © 2022 Yilu Deng et al.
语种：
英文
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Cr-Mn bimetallic functionalized USY zeolite monolithic catalyst for direct production of 2, 5-Furandicarboxylic acid from raw biomass
作者：
Chai, Youzheng;Bai, Ma;Chen, Anwei* ;Yuan, Jiayi;Peng, Cheng;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2022年429:132173 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Chen, Anwei
作者机构：
[Yan, Binghua; Qin, Pufeng; Yuan, Jiayi; Peng, Cheng; Chen, Anwei; Zhao, Danyao; Chai, Youzheng; Bai, Ma] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, Anwei] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Biomass;Biorefining;5-furandicarboxylic acid;Cr-Mn;Monolithic catalyst
摘要：
The production of biomass-based 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid occupies a vital position in biorefining. Here, Cr-Mn bimetallic supported Ultra-stabilized Y (USY) zeolite monolithic catalyst was prepared by the impregnation method, which aimed to direct catalyze the production of 2, 5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from raw material biomass. The yield of FDCA could reach 67% with optimum conditions, and the catalyst has stable recyclability. Characterization analysis showed that the coordination of Cr and Mn increased oxygen mobility. The combination of bimetals is the key to produce FDCA efficiently in the absence of noble metals. In addition, we found that the presence of metal elements in the raw biomass could act as Lewis acid catalysts in the preparation of FDCA, and showed a positive effect. This Cr-Mn/USY monolithic catalyst provided new insights for the production of FDCA and the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass raw materials, which has promising prospects. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
语种：
英文
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The characteristics of alkaline phosphatase activity and phoD gene community in heavy-metal contaminated soil remediated by biochar and compost
作者：
Lu, Haiwei;Xu, Chong;Zhang, Jiachao* ;Du, Chunyan;Wu, Genyi;...
期刊：
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ,2022年109(2):298-303 ISSN：0007-4861
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jiachao;Wu, GY
作者机构：
[Zhang, Jiachao; Lu, Haiwei; Xu, Chong; Wu, Genyi; Luo, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Du, Chunyan] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Engn & Tech Ctr Hunan Prov Environm Protect River, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, JC; Wu, GY ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Alkaline phosphatase gene;Enzyme activity;Biochar;Compost;Soil;Heavy metal
摘要：
This research was carried out to determine the influence of biochar and compost addition on the characteristics of potential alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and phoD gene community in heavy metal polluted soils. The ALP activity, the abundance and structure of phoD gene were systematically determined. Results showed that biochar and compost significantly changed soil properties, and promoted the microbial transformation of phosphorus. Compost addition significantly increased the ALP activity. Biochar and compost addition markedly increased the phoD gene abundance. The addition of biochar increased the proportion of Actinobacteria, Euryarchaeota, and Proteobacteria. By contrast, Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria were the dominant taxa in soils with compost addition. Electrical conductivity critically controlled the expression of phoD and changed the structure of phoD-coding microbial communities in heavy-metal polluted soils that remediated by biochar and compost. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
语种：
英文
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