关键词：
environmental heterogeneity;turbidity;homogenization;heterogenization;environmental gradients;lake connectivity;exotic fish
摘要：
The beta diversity among lakes is affected by natural environmental sorting, dispersal constraints, and anthropogenic disturbances. We hypothesized that fish beta diversity would increase towards lower latitudes and be higher in less disturbed lakes at within-region scale, but environmental disturbances could affect these patterns due to community homogenization or heterogenization (e.g., gain of exotic species) among lakes. We used generalized dissimilarity modeling to assess the relative importance of geographic distance, climate, and environmental heterogeneity on fish beta diversity across Denmark, Belgium/The Netherlands, and Spain. We also tested whether differences in beta diversity changed between lake types (e.g., clear vs. turbid lakes and lakes with vs. without exotics fish) within-region and across latitude. Beta diversity increased from Denmark to Spain and geographic distance and climate variability were the main drivers of community change across latitude, but the rate of change varied between lake types. At the within-region scale, factors such as turbidity, lake size, and presence of exotics had varying impacts on beta diversity (i.e., increasing, decreasing, or no effect) across the three regions. Our findings suggest that understanding the effects of environmental disturbances on beta diversity requires consideration of both biogeographic and local factors.
摘要：
Although photothermal therapy (PTT) employing nanozymes has shown excellent antibacterial potential, excessive heating generally harms host cells and hinders recovery. Herein, we report an innovative technique for acquiring the programmed temperature by managing the catalytic activity of nanozymes. The photothermal system of CeO2 + F− + TMB can obtain precise photothermal temperature by adjusting the concentration of fluoride ions under near-infrared irradiation. At the optimized photothermal temperature, the photothermal system affords fine photothermal antibacterial treatment with high-efficiency antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. In vivo wound healing experiments confirm that the system can effectively promote fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis and collagen deposition with remarkable wound healing efficiency. This strategy offers a novel design concept for creating a new generation of PTT and opens the way for the creation of alternative antibiotics.
摘要：
WRKY transcription factors are critical for plant growth, development, and adaptation to stress. This paper focuses on the expression characteristic to abiotic stress and phytohormones of OsWRKY24, OsWRKY53, and OsWRKY70. Three OsWRKY TFs contained two conserved domains and there were multiple cis-elements in response to adversity stress and hormone signaling in their promoters. Real-time PCR analysis revealed their widespread expression in normal tissues during seedling and heading stages. Under various stresses such as darkness, low temperature, salt, and drought, or treatment with hormones like ABA, SA, MeJA, and GA, transcript levels of these genes had changed significantly in wild-type seedlings. The expression level of OsWRKY24 was upregulated by darkness, cold, SA, and MeJA but downregulated by salt, drought, ABA, and GA treatments. The transcripts of OsWRKY53 were induced by darkness, low-temperature, salt, drought, ABA, and JA, while inhibited by SA and GA. In addition, OsWRKY70 expression level was elevated under darkness, low-temperature, SA, and JA but suppressed with salt, drought, ABA, and GA. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms by which WRKY TFs adapt to stress via plant-hormone signaling.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Y ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Key Lab Crop Epigenet Regulat & Dev Hunan Prov, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Chlorogenic acid is a key chemical in antioxidation and antisepsis. Sambucus chinensis L. is an herbaceous plant rich in chlorogenic acid and a potential genetic resource for breeding high-chlorogenic acid plants. However, there are few studies on the synthesis pathway of chlorogenic acid in S. chinensis. Our study found chlorogenic acid accumulation in S. chinensis to be organ-specific, higher in leaves and buds but lower in roots, stems and fruits. A total number of 546,844 CCS (circular consensus sequence), including 402,767 full-length nonchimeric (FLNC) and 39 annotated sequences related to the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, was obtained by single-molecule real-time sequencing technology (SMRT). qRT-PCR showed that a number of key genes involved in chlorogenic acid synthesis were differentially expressed in various tissues of S. chinensis. Transgenic tobacco revealed that ectopic expression of the HCT homologous gene HCT-45178 increased the content of chlorogenic acid. Our results should be the first report of full-length transcriptome data of S. chinensis, which help to understand the basis of chlorogenic acid synthesis and provide a novel strategy for breeding tobacco cultivars with higher levels of chlorogenic acid.
摘要：
Carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide plays important anti-tumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory roles. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the healing impacts of two different sources of carboxymethyl poria polysaccharides [Carboxymethylat Poria Polysaccharides I (CMP I) and Carboxymethylat Poria Polysaccharides II (CMP II)] on ulcerative colitis in mice caused by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). All the mice were arbitrarily split into five groups (n = 6): (a) control (CTRL), (b) DSS, (c) SAZ (sulfasalazine), (d) CMP I, and (e) CMP II. The experiment lasted for 21 days, and the body weight and final colon length were monitored. A histological analysis of the mouse colon tissue was carried out using H&E staining to assess the degree of inflammatory infiltration. The levels of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-4 (IL-4)] and enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)] in the serum were examined using ELISA. Additionally, 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to analyze the microorganisms in the colon. The results indicated that both CMP I and CMP II alleviated weight loss, colonic shortening, and inflammatory factor infestation in colonic tissues caused by DSS (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the ELISA results revealed that both CMP I and CMP II reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO, and elevated the expression of IL-4 and SOD in the sera of the mice (p < 0.05). Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that CMP I and CMP II increased the plenitude of microorganisms in the mouse colon relative to that in the DSS group. The results also indicated that the therapeutic effect of CMP I on DSS-induced colitis in the mice was superior to that of CMP II. This study demonstrated that carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide from Poria cocos had therapeutic effects on DSS-induced colitis in mice, with CMP I being more effective than CMP II.
摘要：
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tea polyphenols (TPs) possess strong antioxidant activity; cassia seed extract (CSE) has the effect of brightening the eyes; and Ampelopsis grossedentata extract (AGE) has the function of protecting the liver. However, the synergistic hepatoprotective effect of TP, AGE and CSE as a joint formulation is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of a tea solid beverage, composed of TP, AGE and CSE, on chronic alcoholic liver injury in rats and its underlying mechanisms via the analysis of transcriptomics and gut microbiota. The histopathological findings revealed that the tea solid beverage could reduce the production of fat vacuoles and inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, the tea solid beverage was found to effectively relieve the increase in the AST (from 424.85 U/L to 180.17 U/L), ALT (from 139.95 U/L to 85.88 U/L) and LDH (from 21.16 U/L to 13.35 U/L) enzyme activities and the expression of the inflammatory factors TNF-α (from 394.02 pg/mL to 214.44 pg/mL) and IL-6 (from 208.46 pg/mL to 116.59 pg/mL) caused by alcohol consumption. Further, it significantly enhanced the GSH concentration (from 4.53 pg/mL to 8.08 pg/mL) and SOD activity (from 84.70 U/mL to 156.94 U/mL) and decreased the MDA (from 58.61 mmol/mL to 36.58 mmol/mL) and TG (from 7.07 mmol/L to 3.43 mmol/L)) concentrations in the liver of rats. The analysis and identification of transcriptomics showed that the tea solid beverage intervention primarily protected the liver of rats with chronic alcoholic injury by up-regulating the differential gene Hmgcs1 in order to increase the synthesis of ketone bodies and by down-regulating the differential gene Pfkfb1 for the purpose of decreasing the glucose metabolism. Additionally, it was found that the tea solid beverage could significantly change the composition of intestinal flora in drinking rats by regulating mineral absorption, the pathways of bile secretion, the adipocytokine signaling pathway and the peroxisome balance of the intestinal flora, in order to protect alcohol-drinking rats' livers. In conclusion, the tea solid beverage, consisting of TP, AGE and CSE, is a functional drink that prevents ketone metabolism, glucose metabolism and microbiome disorders induced by alcohol intake.
作者：
Ji, Chunxiao;Feng, Jia;Li, Siying;Yang, Hui;Wang, Hui;...
期刊：
Viruses,2023年15(1):138- ISSN：1999-4915
通讯作者：
Tao Zhang<&wdkj&>Yu He<&wdkj&>Wei Liu
作者机构：
[Liu, Wei; Ji, Chunxiao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Hui; Wang, Hongliang; Geng, Xiangchang; He, Yu; Liu, Zengzai; Feng, Jia; Yang, Hui; Zhang, Tao] Changsha Anim Dis Control Ctr, Changsha 410013, Peoples R China.;[Li, Siying] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tao Zhang; Yu He; Wei Liu] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Changsha Animal and Plant Disease Control Center, Changsha 410000, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
The objective of this study was to examine longitudinal trends in the prevalence of dogs that are successfully immunized against rabies virus (as measured by sufficient serum antibodies) in Changsha, an urban center of China. The secondary objective was to investigate the factors affecting the seroprevalence of rabies virus antibodies in dogs. In this study, 4515 canine serum samples were collected from 57 pet hospitals (immunization points) during the period of 2015–2021 in five major urban areas of Kaifu, Furong, Tianxin, Yuhua, and Yuelu in Changsha, China. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to analyze the level and trend of rabies virus antibodies in serum and further evaluate the potential factors affecting the immunization effect from five factors: sex, age, time interval after most recent vaccination and sample collection, number of vaccinations, and vaccine manufacturer. The results showed that the seroconversion from the urban dog in Changsha steadily increased from 46.13% to 73.38% during 2015–2017. The seropositivity prevalence remained above the international standard (70%) from 2018 to 2020 and up to 90.99% in 2021. Further analysis showed that the seroconversion of rabies virus among dogs was significantly affected by the age, the number of vaccinations, time interval after the most recent vaccination and sample collection, and vaccine manufacturer, while sex had less influence. The overall rabies vaccination situation in urban areas of Changsha generally meets international standards, with only a few areas showing low levels of antibodies in dogs after vaccination and risk of infectiousness. Therefore, it is recommended that the first vaccination should be given when the dog is about three months old and regularly repeated every year after that. At the same time, antibody concentrations in dogs, especially in newborn puppies and older dogs, need to be tested promptly after vaccination at the required time to ensure that they are at a high level of immune protection, which can strengthen the supervision of rabies.
摘要：
The Kadsura coccinea (commonly known as black tiger plant) is an edible plant with wide applications in traditional Chinese medicine and is an important source for various bioactive metabolites. The incidence of dragon stripe disease, a serious infection caused by various fungal pathogens, is high in K. coccinea. The disease result in reduced productivity of the plant and thereby cause economic loss to the farmers. It is therefore necessary to have clear information on the pathogenic strains of fungi that causes dragon stripe disease on K. coccinea for its effective diagnosis and management. The study isolated and purified different pathogenic microorganisms, which were further, identified using sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction of rDNA-ITS genes. The pathogenicity of the identified organisms was verified according to Koch & apos;s rule. A total of 26 fungi were isolated from 100 pieces of fungal infected leaf tissues. The major ones were Apiospora jiangxiensis, Apiospora chromolaenae, Neopestalotiopsis formicarum, Diaporthe kochmanii, Diaporthe longicolla, Botryosphaeria fabicerciana, and Alternaria alstroemeriae. The present study first report that the K. coccinea as a host for Neopestalotiopsis formicarum. Another six species of fungi identified may exist in the plant tissues of K. coccinea as endophytic or saprophytic fungi, the role of which need to be further evaluated. Overall, the results of the study may be useful for the understanding of the pathogenic nature of dragon stripe disease on K. coccinea, as well as to provide a basis for field diagnosis and comprehensive management of the disease.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
期刊：
Current Microbiology,2023年80(1):1-6 ISSN：0343-8651
通讯作者：
Tian, Y.;Zhang, Y.-F.
作者机构：
[Tian, Yun; Liu, Hu-Hu; Pan, Hu; Li, Jin; Lu, Xiang-Yang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Fan; Pan, Hu] Tibet Acad Agr & Anim Husb Sci, Inst Agr Prod Qual Stand & Testing Res, Lhasa 850032, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Fan; Pan, Hu] Agr & Livestock Prod Engn Technol Res Ctr Tibet Au, Lhasa 850032, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jin] Changzhi Univ, Dept Life Sci, Changzhi 046011, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yi-Fan Zhang] I;[Yun Tian] C;Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China<&wdkj&>Agricultural and Livestock Products Engineering Technology Research Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Tang, ZH ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Engn Technol Res Ctr Rapeseed Oil Nutr Hlth, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
deep eutectic solvent;Bletilla striata polysaccharide;response surface methodology;antioxidant activity
摘要：
Taking the extraction yield of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) as the index and taking the type of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), extraction time, extraction temperature, DES water content, and solid-liquid ratio as the investigation factors, single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface tests were carried out to optimize the extraction process of BSP. Thus, the antioxidant activity of BSP on DPPH radicals, ABTS radicals and ferric reducing antioxidant power were determined. The results showed that the most suitable deep eutectic solvent was DES-2, namely choline chloride-urea. The optimal extraction conditions for BSP were an extraction time of 47 min, extraction temperature of 78 °C, water content of 35%, and solid-liquid ratio of 1:25. Under this optimized condition, the extraction yield of BSP was able to reach (558.90 ± 8.83) mg/g, and recycling studies indicated the good cycle stability of the DES. Antioxidant results showed that BSP had superior antioxidant activity and had a dose-response relationship with drug concentration. Compared with Bletilla striata polysaccharide obtained via conventional hot water extraction (BSP-W), the extraction yield of BSP obtained through this method (BSP-2) increased by 36.77%, the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals increased by 24.99%, the scavenging activity of ABTS radicals increased by 41.16%, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power increased by 49.19%. Therefore, DESs as new green reagents and BSP extracted with DESs not only had a high yield but also had strong antioxidant activity.
摘要：
Pig, cow, and sheep manure (PM, CM, and SM) are inevitable byproducts of agricultural economic development. Converting them into high add-on value biochar (PMB, CMB, and SMB) via pyrolysis is an efficient resource utilization measure. Phosphorus (P) speciation analyses help ensure the practical feasibility of the P reclamation of animal manure and their derived biochar and a reduction in environmental risk. This study conducted a modified extraction procedure to separate five inorganic P (IP) (soluble and loosely bound IP, aluminum-bound IP, Fe-bound IP, oxide-occluded IP, and Ca-bound IP) and organic P (OP) speciations, and combined X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate the major phosphate compound in the derived biochar after pyrolysis. Results revealed that more than 92% of P is concentrated in the derived biochar during pyrolysis processes carried out at 200-800 & DEG;C. The percentages of soluble and loosely bound IP, aluminum-bound IP, and OP in manure decreased significantly due to their transformation into more stable P fractions such as Ca-bound IP (79.01% in PMB, 800 & DEG;C) after pyrolysis. The Olsen-P percentages had a distinct reduction at 650 & DEG;C, indicating that pyrolysis at 650 & DEG;C was the optimal condition for the reduction in Olsen-P in manure.
作者机构：
[Zhu, Ying; Liu, Shi; Xu, Ke; Zhou, Li; Huang, Yu; Zuo, Qi; Ren, Sheng; Cheng, Zhikui; Yan, Huan; Liu, S; He, Qiao-qiao; Deng, Feiyan; Zhu, Y; Nie, Longyu; Xu, Gang] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Frontier Sci Ctr Immunol & Met, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Lu, Zhibing; Zhang, Lin; Liu, S; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Zhibing; Zhang, Lin; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Dept Cardiol, Zhongnan Hosp, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Qiming; Liu, S] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Fubing; Liu, S] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, S ; Zhu, Y] W;Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Frontier Sci Ctr Immunol & Met, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
摘要：
MAVS is an adapter protein involved in RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling in mitochondria, peroxisomes, and mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). However, the role of MAVS in glucose metabolism and RLR signaling cross-regulation and how these signaling pathways are coordinated among these organelles have not been defined. This study reports that RLR action drives a switch from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) through MAVS. We show that peroxisomal MAVS is responsible for glucose flux shift into PPP and type III interferon (IFN) expression, whereas MAMs-located MAVS is responsible for glucose flux shift into HBP and type I IFN expression. Mechanistically, peroxisomal MAVS interacts with G6PD and the MAVS signalosome forms at peroxisomes by recruiting TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). By contrast, MAMs-located MAVS interact with glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase, and the MAVS signalosome forms at MAMs by recruiting TRAF6 and TRAF2. Our findings suggest that MAVS mediates the interaction of RLR signaling and glucose metabolism. MAVS is an adapter protein involved in RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling. Here, the authors show how MAVS link RLR-mediated signaling and glucose metabolism, employing distinct mechanisms in different organelles.
通讯机构：
[Guixiang Yuan] H;[Wei Li] R;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Ecology Department, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Research Institute of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
摘要：
Extreme precipitation events caused by climate change leads to large variation of nitrogen input to aquatic ecosystems. Our previous study demonstrated the significant effect of different ammonium pulse patterns (differing in magnitude and frequency) on submersed macrophyte growth based on six plant morphological traits. However, how connectivity among plant traits responds to nitrogen pulse changes, which in turn affects plant performance, has not yet been fully elucidated. The response of three common submersed macrophytes (Myriophyllum spicatum, Vallisneria natans and Potamogeton maackianus) to three ammonium pulse patterns was tested using plant trait network (PTN) analysis based on 18 measured physiological and morphological traits. We found that ammonium pulses enhanced trait connectivity in PTN, which may enable plants to assimilate ammonium and/or mitigate ammonium toxicity. Large input pulses with low frequency had stronger effects on PTNs compared to low input pulses with high frequency. Due to the cumulative and time-lagged effect of the plant response to the ammonium pulse, there was a profound and prolonged effect on plant performance after the release of the pulse. The highly connected traits in PTN were those related to biomass allocation (e.g., plant biomass, stem ratio, leaf ratio and ramet number) rather than physiological traits, while phenotype-related traits (e.g., plant height, root length and AB ratio) and energy storage-related traits (e.g., stem starch) were least connected. V. natans showed clear functional divergence among traits, making it more flexible to cope with unfavorable habitats (i.e., high input pulses with low frequencies). M. spicatum with high RGR revealed strong correlations among traits and thus supported nitrogen accumulation from favourable environments (i.e., low input pulses with high frequencies). Our study highlights the responses of PTN for submerged macrophytes to ammonium pulses depends on their intrinsic metabolic rates, the magnitude, frequency and duration of the pulses, and our results contribute to the understanding of the impact of resource pulses on the population dynamics of submersed macrophytes within the context of global climate change.
摘要：
Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω6-PUFAs), such as γ-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), are indispensable nutrients for human health. Harnessing the lipogenesis pathway of Yarrowia lipolytica creates a potential platform for producing customized ω6-PUFAs. This study explored the optimal biosynthetic pathways for customized production of ω6-PUFAs in Y. lipolytica via either the Δ6 pathway from Mortierella alpina or the Δ8 pathway from Isochrysis galbana. Subsequently, the proportion of ω6-PUFAs in total fatty acids (TFAs) was effectively increased by bolstering the provision of precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis and carriers for fatty acid desaturation, as well as preventing fatty acid degradation. Finally, the proportions of GLA, DGLA and ARA synthesized by customized strains accounted for 22.58%, 46.65% and 11.30% of TFAs, and the corresponding titers reached 386.59, 832.00 and 191.76mg/L in shake-flask fermentation, respectively. This work provides valuable insights into the production of functional ω6-PUFAs.
通讯机构：
[Tiean Zhou; Tiean Zhou Tiean Zhou Tiean Zhou] C;[Linhong Deng; Linhong Deng Linhong Deng Linhong Deng] H;Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha, Hunan, 410128 China<&wdkj&>Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164 China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128 China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha, Hunan, 410128 China
摘要：
Double resonator piezoelectric cytometry (DRPC) is developed to simultaneously quantify cells’ generated forces ΔS and viscoelastic moduli G′, G″ of a population of isolated single cells or cells with different cell‐cell contacts adhered to the AT and BT cut quartz crystals of the same frequency and morphology by measuring their respective changes in resonant frequency and motional resistance. Abstract Cell mechanics is closely associated with cellular structure and function. However, the inability to measure both cellular force and viscoelasticity of statistically significant number of cells noninvasively remains a challenge for quantitative characterizations of various cellular functions and practical applications. Here a double resonator piezoelectric cytometry (DRPC), using AT and BT cut quartz crystals of the same frequency and surface morphology is developed to simultaneously quantify the cells‐generated forces (ΔS) and viscoelastic moduli (G′, G″) of a population of isolated single cells or cells with different degrees of cell‐cell interactions in a non‐invasive and real time manner. DRPC captures the dynamic mechanical parameters ΔS and G′, G″ during the adhesions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under different ligand densities of adhesion molecules fibronectin or Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) modified on the gold surfaces of 9 MHz AT and BT cut quartz crystals, and different seeding densities of HUVECs. It is found that both the ligand density and cell seeding density affect the magnitudes of ΔS and G′, G″ and their correlations are revealed for the first time by DRPC. The validity of DRPC is further verified by mechanical changes of the cells in response to treatments with cytoskeleton regulators.
摘要：
Auxin is a well-known important phytohormone in plant that plays vital roles in almost every development process throughout plant lifecycle. However, the effect of auxin on the metabolism of chlorophyll, one of the most important pigments involved in the photosynthesis, was intertwined and the underlying mechanism remained to be explored. Here, we found the auxin-defective yuc2 yuc6 double mutant displayed dark-green leaf color with higher chlorophyll content than wildtype, suggesting a negative regulatory role of auxin in chlorophyll biosynthesis. The chloroplast number and structure in mesophyll cells were altered and the photosynthetic efficiency was improved in yuc2 yuc6. In addition, the chlorophyll level was significantly improved during seedling de-etiolation in yuc2 yuc6 mutant, and decreased dramatically under IAA treatment, confirming the inhibitory role of auxin in chlorophyll biosynthesis. The analyses of gene expression in mature leaves and de-etiolation seedlings suggested that auxin suppressed the expression of many chlorophyll biosynthesis genes, especially PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE A (PORA) and GENOMES UNCOUPLED 5 (GUN5). Yeast-one-hybrid and luciferase assays demonstrated that the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 (ARF2) and ARF7 bind to the promoter of PORA and GUN5 to suppress their expression with the help of INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID14 (IAA14). Collectively, our research explicitly unraveled the direct inhibitory role of auxin in chlorophyll biosynthesis, and provided new insight into the interplay between auxin signaling and chlorophyll metabolism.
摘要：
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a significant cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries, as a result of the worldwide trend of obesity and associated metabolic syndrome. Obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) are very common in patients with NAFLD. However, how to screen out key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) is a challenging task. The purpose of this study is to study the screen of key genes and pathways of HFD on the formation process of non-alcoholic fatty liver through network pharmacological analysis. METHODS: In this study, 173 genes associated with NAFLD were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To find significant genes and pathways, combine network clustering analysis, topology analysis, and pathway analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that there were four key signaling pathways related to HFD, including complement cascade, Atorvastatin ADME, Asthma and Aflatoxin activation and detoxification. In addition, we identified six representative key genes, including Ccl5, Tlr2, Cd274, Cxcl10, Cxcl9 and Cd74, and screened three intersecting genes in Mus musculus and Homo sapiens sample, including C3, F2 and C7. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our study constructed the NAFLD gene regulatory network of C57BL/6J mice for the first time and jointly analyzed the Mus musculus samples and Homo sapiens samples. It provides new insights for identifying potential biomarkers and valuable therapeutic clues, and puts forward a new method for web-based research. These findings may provide potential targets for early diagnosis, effective therapy and prognostic markers of NAFLD.
通讯机构：
[Junhua Chen] N;National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
关键词：
CRISPR-Cas12a;Catalytic hairpin assembly;DNAzyme;Heavy metal ions;Intelligent sensing;Logic gate
摘要：
We successfully constructed several molecular logic gates using heavy metal ions as inputs based on catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and CRISPR-Cas12a. The corresponding DNAzymes were used to recognize heavy metal ions (Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Mn(2+)). The specific cleavage between heavy metal ions and DNAzymes leads to the release of the trigger DNA, which can be used to activate CHA through logic computation. The CHA-generated DNA duplexes contain the protospacer adjacent motifs (PAM) sequence, which can be distinguished by CRISPR-Cas12a. The hybridization interactions between the duplexes and gRNA will activate the trans-cleavage capability of Cas12a, which can cleave the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) reporter. The separation of the fluorescence group and quench group in ssDNA will generate a high fluorescence signal for readout. Using Hg(2+) and Cd(2+) as the two inputs, several basic logic gates were constructed, including OR, AND, and INHIBT. Using Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Mn(2+) as the four inputs, cascaded logic gates were further fabricated. With the advantages of scalability, versatility, and logic computing capability, our proposed molecular logic gates can provide an intelligent sensing system for heavy metal ions monitoring.
