作者机构：
[Wu, Simin; Fang, Xinyu; Zhao, Jinfeng] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China;[Wu, Simin; Fang, Xinyu; Zhao, Jinfeng] Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China;[Liao, Peng] Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China;[Liao, Peng] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the TCM Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China. Electronic address: liaopeng@isa.ac.cn;[Guan, Guiping] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China. Electronic address: guanguiping@hunau.edu.cn
通讯机构：
[Guan, Guiping] C;[Liao, Peng] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the TCM Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, 410219, China. Electronic address:;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are widely used as antimicrobial agents in personal care products. Their widespread use has become a potential environmental contaminant. This review reviews the mechanisms of intestinal toxicity of TCS and TCC and their potential nutritional intervention strategies. TCS and TCC can be metabolized to glucuronic acid conjugates in the host and subsequently uncoupled by microorganisms in the intestine to regenerate free forms of TCS and TCC. TCS and TCC are unique metabolic pathways that lead to accumulation in the gut, altering the structure of intestinal flora, increasing the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, while reducing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, thereby disrupting the balance of intestinal flora. In addition, they can interfere with the self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs, thereby weakening intestinal barrier function. TCS and TCC can also activate the TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway, inducing and exacerbating inflammatory responses. These mechanisms together lead to intestinal toxicity and have a significant negative impact on intestinal health. In order to cope with the intestinal toxicity caused by these mechanisms of action, this paper believes that prebiotics, probiotics, vitamins, minerals and herbal extracts can be used as potential nutritional interventions to reduce the intestinal toxicity of TCS and TCC by regulating intestinal microbiota, enhancing intestinal barrier function and inhibiting inflammatory response. Although preliminary studies have shown the potential benefits of these interventions, their specific efficacy and safety still need further study.
Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are widely used as antimicrobial agents in personal care products. Their widespread use has become a potential environmental contaminant. This review reviews the mechanisms of intestinal toxicity of TCS and TCC and their potential nutritional intervention strategies. TCS and TCC can be metabolized to glucuronic acid conjugates in the host and subsequently uncoupled by microorganisms in the intestine to regenerate free forms of TCS and TCC. TCS and TCC are unique metabolic pathways that lead to accumulation in the gut, altering the structure of intestinal flora, increasing the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, while reducing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, thereby disrupting the balance of intestinal flora. In addition, they can interfere with the self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs, thereby weakening intestinal barrier function. TCS and TCC can also activate the TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway, inducing and exacerbating inflammatory responses. These mechanisms together lead to intestinal toxicity and have a significant negative impact on intestinal health. In order to cope with the intestinal toxicity caused by these mechanisms of action, this paper believes that prebiotics, probiotics, vitamins, minerals and herbal extracts can be used as potential nutritional interventions to reduce the intestinal toxicity of TCS and TCC by regulating intestinal microbiota, enhancing intestinal barrier function and inhibiting inflammatory response. Although preliminary studies have shown the potential benefits of these interventions, their specific efficacy and safety still need further study.
摘要：
Overuse of glyphosate, the most widespread herbicide used in agricultural areas around the world, causes it to accumulate in soil and water, posing a serious threat to the agricultural environment, crop growth and food safety. It is of vital significance to develop effective strategies to achieve rapid monitoring and management of glyphosate. However, previously documented methods have rarely been applied to simultaneously detect and remove glyphosate in water environments. Here, we have created a novel magnetic nanocomposite Iron-oxide/polydopamine/graphene-oxide/copper-oxide (Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO) that integrated the dual functions of detection and removal, enabling the colorimetric detection and adsorption of glyphosate. As a colorimetric probe, Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO exhibited excellent sensing performance with broad detection range (0.05–1 mg/L and 5–110 mg/L), low detection limit (0.028 mg/L), and good selectivity. Simultaneously, it realized a rapid and sensitive visual analysis of glyphosate on the test strips by RGB color. As an adsorbent, Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO obtained effective adsorption and rapid separation of glyphosate in water solution. Moreover, as an attempt, we explored the potential of Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO for crop remediation by removing glyphosate-contaminated water. This work opens up a new idea for the integrated strategy of glyphosate detection and removal in water environments and also demonstrates its enormous potential for rapid monitoring and management of herbicide.
Overuse of glyphosate, the most widespread herbicide used in agricultural areas around the world, causes it to accumulate in soil and water, posing a serious threat to the agricultural environment, crop growth and food safety. It is of vital significance to develop effective strategies to achieve rapid monitoring and management of glyphosate. However, previously documented methods have rarely been applied to simultaneously detect and remove glyphosate in water environments. Here, we have created a novel magnetic nanocomposite Iron-oxide/polydopamine/graphene-oxide/copper-oxide (Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO) that integrated the dual functions of detection and removal, enabling the colorimetric detection and adsorption of glyphosate. As a colorimetric probe, Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO exhibited excellent sensing performance with broad detection range (0.05–1 mg/L and 5–110 mg/L), low detection limit (0.028 mg/L), and good selectivity. Simultaneously, it realized a rapid and sensitive visual analysis of glyphosate on the test strips by RGB color. As an adsorbent, Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO obtained effective adsorption and rapid separation of glyphosate in water solution. Moreover, as an attempt, we explored the potential of Fe3O4/PDA/GO/CuO for crop remediation by removing glyphosate-contaminated water. This work opens up a new idea for the integrated strategy of glyphosate detection and removal in water environments and also demonstrates its enormous potential for rapid monitoring and management of herbicide.
期刊：
Postgraduate Medical Journal,2025年101(1193):263-267 ISSN：0032-5473
通讯作者：
Zhao, LQ
作者机构：
[Zhu, Liping; Leng, Yueshuang; Xiao, Juxiong; Mao, Yitao] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Radiol, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, LQ; Zhao, Luqing; Xiao, Juxiong; Mao, Yitao] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Geriatr Disorders, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yu] Oklahoma State Univ, Commun Sci & Disorders, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA.;[Li, Qingling; Zhao, LQ; Zhao, Luqing] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Pathol, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Ying] Hunan Int Econ Univ, Dept Presch Educ, Changsha 410205, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, LQ ] C;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Natl Clin Res Ctr Geriatr Disorders, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Dept Pathol, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ, Sch Basic Med Sci, Xiangya Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
clinical diagnostic research;sensitivity;specificity;types of statistical errors;statistical power
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Many medical postgraduate students exhibit a lack of clarity in their understanding of relevant statistical concepts during the conduct of diagnostic studies. METHODS: This article, grounded in research practice, delves into the role of understanding statistical concepts in diagnostic research. It includes an exploration of sensitivity, specificity, types of statistical errors, and their interrelationships, as well as a discussion on statistical power-an often-overlooked but crucial concept in research. RESULTS: The article elucidates these important concepts with specific examples and illustrations, and addresses an issue of inconsistency related to the receiver operating characteristic curve in research practice. CONCLUSION: By drawing analogies between basic concepts in diagnostic tests and concepts in statistics, this article helps to enhance researchers' abilities in designing and interpreting clinical diagnostic studies, thereby improving the quality of clinical diagnostic research.
摘要：
The primary active compound in vine tea is dihydromyricetin (DMY), which has a longstanding history as a dietary supplement and traditional ethnic medicine. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which vine tea dihydromyricetin extract (VDMY) regulates glucolipid metabolic disorder remains unclear. In this study, we first assessed the effect of VDMY on various physiological parameters in db/db mice, followed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify key signaling pathways affected by VDMY in liver tissues. We also examined the impact of VDMY on the liver's TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and FOXO1 pathways using Western blotting. Our results showed that VDMY significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Additionally, VDMY enhanced the liver's antioxidant capacity by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), while lowering malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), thus alleviating liver damage. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that VDMY influenced multiple biological processes, including transcription, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and redox reactions, suggesting that its effects may be mediated through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and FOXO1 pathways. Additionally, Western blot analysis revealed that VDMY effectively downregulated the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, and FOXO1 proteins in the liver of db/db mice, indicating that VDMY could target these pathways to intervene glucolipid metabolism dysfunction.
通讯机构：
[Li, W ] H;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Tea Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Minist Agr, Hunan Tea Plant & Tea Proc Sci Observat Expt Stn, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Phytohormones & Growth Dev, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Theanine is a crucial indicator of tea quality, and its significance is closely tied to the economic value of tea. There have been many reports on the regulation mechanism of theanine synthesis and accumulation, but the mechanism by which gibberellin regulates theanine synthesis in tea plants is poorly understood. Previous studies have shown that the content of theanine experiences significant changes in the growth stages of tea shoots, displaying a strong correlation with gibberellin. This study confirmed that gibberellin significantly promoted the expression of the major gene of theanine synthesis, known as CsTSI. Additionally, the study identified CsWRKY71 as a transcription factor that mediated the regulation by gibberellin of theanine synthesis in tea plants. CsWRKY71 was localized in the nucleus and had a typical WRKY domain. It was a member of subclass IIC and its expression was significantly suppressed following exogenous GA3 treatment. Further assays, such as the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, dual luciferase and asODN (antisense oligodeoxynucleotide) interference, demonstrated that CsWRKY71 significantly interacted with the promoter of CsTSI, which inhibited theanine synthesis by binding to the cis-acting element (C/T)TGAC(T/C) of the CsTSI promoter. Overall, the addition of exogenous gibberellin alleviated the inhibition of CsTSI by down-regulating the expression of CsWRKY71, ultimately facilitating the rapid biosynthesis of theanine. This study elucidated the molecular mechanism of CsWRKY71-mediated gibberellin regulation of theanine synthesis in tea plant. The findings not only enhance our understanding of the regulatory processes involved in theanine synthesis in tea plants, but also provide important references for maintaining the characteristics of high theanine in the tea plant.
摘要：
This study investigated anaerobically digested swine wastewater (ADSW) as a nutrient source for Chlorella vulgaris FACHB-8 cultivation under mixotrophic conditions with carbon supplementation. The microalgal strain was grown in ADSW supplemented with six carbon sources, followed by concentration optimization. Under optimized conditions (20 g/L glucose), FACHB-8 demonstrated a high biomass productivity (271.31 mg/L/day) and a specific growth rate of 0.42 per day. The system achieved an 88.70% total nitrogen removal and an 82.93% total phosphorus removal. The biomass contained 45.59% lipids, 29.72% proteins, and 13.05% carbohydrates, with fatty acid methyl esters showing balanced proportions of saturated (50.77%) and unsaturated fatty acids (49.23%). These findings highlight the potential of glucose-based mixotrophic cultivation for simultaneous wastewater treatment, renewable biomass production, and value-added lipid production. This work proposes a scalable swine wastewater treatment system that synergizes bioremediation and renewable energy production via carbon-enhanced microalgae cultivation, offering a dual-functional strategy for sustainable livestock wastewater reuse.
摘要：
Submerged macrophytes play a crucial role in lake ecosystems, and their survival is dependent upon their ability to cope with variable environmental stress. Therefore, studying the plastic response of submerged macrophytes' resource allocation and functional traits to the environment may provide insights helpful for ecological restoration practices. In September 2021, a field survey was conducted in the Erhai Lake, where samples of Ottelia acuminata, and functional traits and biomass allocation in relation to water depth were measured. The study found that O. acuminata exhibited large intraspecific variations to adapt to environmental stress, and the average intraspecific variation was 55.86%. In the current environment, this study suggested that the optimal growth depth for O. acuminata is moderate water depth (1-2m). The results of allometric growth analysis showed that the resource allocation of O. acuminata responded to the water depth with the synergistic effect of leaf area and shoot height. In shallow water, the resource allocation of O. acuminata was mainly used for leaf area growth, while in deep water, the increase of shoot height was mainly used to cope with stress. This research will provide us useful information for the ecological restoration and protection of this endemic and endangered submerged macrophyte.
关键词：
Magnetic solid phase microextraction;Ni(3)(HITP)(2)@Fe(3)O(4)@rGO;Separation of chirality;Strigolactones stereoisomers;Supercritical fluid chromatography mass spectrometry
摘要：
Strigolactones (SLs) are novel plant hormones that play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development. The stereoisomers of SLs often exhibit distinct biological activities, making their chiral separation and analysis essential for understanding their regulatory roles in plant branching. This study focused on the chiral separation and characterization of SL stereoisomers, including GR24 (synthetic) and strigol (natural). A magnetic nanocomposite (Ni₃(HITP)₂@Fe₃O₄@rGO) was synthesized for SL extraction, combined with SFC-MS/MS for precise separation and quantification. The method exhibited excellent linearity (0.2–50 ng/mL), minimal matrix effects (1.64–2.17 %), and low detection limits (1.93–3.76 pg/mL). Recoveries ranged from 86.90 % to 106.37 % with RSDs of 2.56 %–13.54 %. Under nitrogen and phosphorus stress, only (+)-strigol was detected in the roots of Oryza sativa L. , suggesting its regulatory role under stress conditions. This reliable method provides robust support for exploring the physiological roles of SL stereoisomers in plants, shedding light on their functions in stress response and development.
Strigolactones (SLs) are novel plant hormones that play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development. The stereoisomers of SLs often exhibit distinct biological activities, making their chiral separation and analysis essential for understanding their regulatory roles in plant branching. This study focused on the chiral separation and characterization of SL stereoisomers, including GR24 (synthetic) and strigol (natural). A magnetic nanocomposite (Ni₃(HITP)₂@Fe₃O₄@rGO) was synthesized for SL extraction, combined with SFC-MS/MS for precise separation and quantification. The method exhibited excellent linearity (0.2–50 ng/mL), minimal matrix effects (1.64–2.17 %), and low detection limits (1.93–3.76 pg/mL). Recoveries ranged from 86.90 % to 106.37 % with RSDs of 2.56 %–13.54 %. Under nitrogen and phosphorus stress, only (+)-strigol was detected in the roots of Oryza sativa L. , suggesting its regulatory role under stress conditions. This reliable method provides robust support for exploring the physiological roles of SL stereoisomers in plants, shedding light on their functions in stress response and development.
摘要：
Background Obesity represents a critical global health challenge, with appetite regulation serving as a cornerstone of effective weight management. Emerging evidence underscores the potential of exogenous peptides derived from food protein hydrolysates to modulate appetite-regulating neurons in the hypothalamus by influencing the secretion of key intestinal hormones.
Obesity represents a critical global health challenge, with appetite regulation serving as a cornerstone of effective weight management. Emerging evidence underscores the potential of exogenous peptides derived from food protein hydrolysates to modulate appetite-regulating neurons in the hypothalamus by influencing the secretion of key intestinal hormones.
Scope and approach This review discusses the fundamental pathways through which the hypothalamus governs appetite, highlighting the promising role of plant-derived protein hydrolysates and peptides in appetite regulation. The objective is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of how plant-derived these bioactive compounds regulate appetite.
This review discusses the fundamental pathways through which the hypothalamus governs appetite, highlighting the promising role of plant-derived protein hydrolysates and peptides in appetite regulation. The objective is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of how plant-derived these bioactive compounds regulate appetite.
Key findings and conclusions Plant-derived protein hydrolysates and peptides have demonstrated the ability to regulate the secretion and signaling of key gut hormones, which in turn influence appetite through the vagus nerve. This modulation presents promising applications in weight management and the prevention of chronic diseases associated with obesity. While challenges such as complex molecular mechanisms, high production costs, low bioavailability, instability, regulatory hurdles, and insufficient clinical translation data persist, plant-derived peptides stand out for their exceptional sustainability compared to animal- and microbiota-derived peptides. Future research should prioritize the optimization of production processes, enhancement of stability and safety, and the execution of rigorous clinical trials to establish their therapeutic efficacy. Through continuous innovation, plant-derived peptides hold great potential to become an indispensable component of functional foods and therapeutic interventions, offering a novel and highly promising solution for addressing obesity prevention and treatment in the food and healthcare industries.
Plant-derived protein hydrolysates and peptides have demonstrated the ability to regulate the secretion and signaling of key gut hormones, which in turn influence appetite through the vagus nerve. This modulation presents promising applications in weight management and the prevention of chronic diseases associated with obesity. While challenges such as complex molecular mechanisms, high production costs, low bioavailability, instability, regulatory hurdles, and insufficient clinical translation data persist, plant-derived peptides stand out for their exceptional sustainability compared to animal- and microbiota-derived peptides. Future research should prioritize the optimization of production processes, enhancement of stability and safety, and the execution of rigorous clinical trials to establish their therapeutic efficacy. Through continuous innovation, plant-derived peptides hold great potential to become an indispensable component of functional foods and therapeutic interventions, offering a novel and highly promising solution for addressing obesity prevention and treatment in the food and healthcare industries.
作者机构：
[Biao Luo] College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410128, China;[Biao Luo] Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310021, China;[Xianwen Zhang; Fang Wang; Yan Wang] Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310021, China;[Xianwen Zhang] Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310021, China;[Wei Wu] Shanghai YouLong Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201114, China
通讯机构：
[Liqun Rao] C;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410128, China
摘要：
Glyphosate resistance is a critically important trait for genetically modified (GM) crops. Mutation of the rice EPSPS gene results in a high level of glyphosate resistance, presenting significant potential for the development of glyphosate-tolerant crops. The resistance of rice to glyphosate is correlated with the expression levels of resistance genes. Therefore, developing a convenient, stable, and sensitive method for quantifying the OsmEPSPS protein is crucial for the development of glyphosate-resistant crops. We developed a double-antibody sandwich quantitative ELISA (DAS-ELISA) using a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) for OsmEPSPS capture and an HRP-conjugated anti-OsmEPSPS rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb). The method could be used to detect OsmEPSPS within a linear range of 16–256 ng/mL with robust intra- and inter-batch duplicability (%CV values: 0.17 %–7.24 %). OsmEPSPS expression in the transgenic rice lines (54.44–445.80 μg/g) was quantified using the DAS-ELISA. Furthermore, the expression of the OsmEPSPS gene was validated through Western blotting. This study demonstrated the reliability and stability of the DAS-ELISA for OsmEPSPS detection in GM rice.
Glyphosate resistance is a critically important trait for genetically modified (GM) crops. Mutation of the rice EPSPS gene results in a high level of glyphosate resistance, presenting significant potential for the development of glyphosate-tolerant crops. The resistance of rice to glyphosate is correlated with the expression levels of resistance genes. Therefore, developing a convenient, stable, and sensitive method for quantifying the OsmEPSPS protein is crucial for the development of glyphosate-resistant crops. We developed a double-antibody sandwich quantitative ELISA (DAS-ELISA) using a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) for OsmEPSPS capture and an HRP-conjugated anti-OsmEPSPS rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb). The method could be used to detect OsmEPSPS within a linear range of 16–256 ng/mL with robust intra- and inter-batch duplicability (%CV values: 0.17 %–7.24 %). OsmEPSPS expression in the transgenic rice lines (54.44–445.80 μg/g) was quantified using the DAS-ELISA. Furthermore, the expression of the OsmEPSPS gene was validated through Western blotting. This study demonstrated the reliability and stability of the DAS-ELISA for OsmEPSPS detection in GM rice.
摘要：
Chronic stress can result in various conditions, including psychological disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and accelerated brain aging. Gut dysbiosis potentially contributes to stress-related brain disorders in individuals with chronic stress. However, the causal relationship and key factors between gut dysbiosis and brain disorders in chronic stress remain elusive, particularly under non-sterile conditions. Here, using a repeated restraint stress (RRS) rat model, we show that sequential transplantation of the cecal contents of different RRS stages to normal rats reproduced RRS-induced core phenotypes, including abnormal behaviors, increased peripheral blood corticosterone and inflammatory cytokines, and a unique gut microbial phenotype. This core phenotypic development was effectively inhibited with probiotic supplement. The RRS-induced unique gut microbial phenotypes at the genus level were positively or negatively associated with the levels of 20 plasma metabolites, including vitamin B6 metabolites 4-pyridoxic acid and 4-pyridoxate. Vitamin B6 supplement during RRS alleviated weight loss, abnormal behaviors, peripheral inflammation, and neuroinflammation, but did not affect the peripheral corticosterone levels in chronic stressed rats. Dampening inflammatory signaling via knocking out caspase 11 or caspase 1 inhibitor abolished RRS-induced abnormal behaviors and peripheral and neuroinflammation but did not decrease peripheral corticosterone in mice. These findings show that gut dysbiosis-induced vitamin B6 metabolism disorder is a new non-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis mechanism of chronic stress-related brain disorders. Both probiotics and vitamin B6 supplement have potential to be developed as therapeutic strategies for preventing and/or treating chronic stress-related illness.
摘要：
Ovotransferrin (OVT) is very rich in nutritional value and possesses a variety of biological activities. However, there is a lack of suitable OVT extraction methods that are simple and suitable for large-scale production. For this reason, this study explored a new method of ovalbumin OVT extraction based on mesophilic treatment. The effects of different heat treatment conditions on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of the prepared OVT and their influence mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that OVT could be efficiently extracted from egg white by moderate heat treatment. Based on single factor experiments, response surface methodology was used to determine the effects of heat treatment time, temperature and pH on the extraction rate of OVT. The yield was 93.65 ± 0.53% under the optimal extraction conditions (62.5 °C, 75 min, pH 8). SDS-PAGE and FT-IR showed that changes in the influencing factors during heating had different effects on OVT. In addition, different extraction parameters had different effects on the iron-binding and antioxidant capacities of OVT. This study provides a fast and efficient preparation method for OVT from egg white, which lays the foundation for the wide application of OVT.
期刊：
Resources, Conservation and Recycling,2025年215:108114 ISSN：0921-3449
通讯作者：
Xu, Y
作者机构：
[Shi, Wenjun] Bank Beijing, Bank Beijing Postdoctoral Res Stn, Beijing 100033, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Yi] China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Tan, Tiansu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Fang, Yanru] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Xiaotong] Inst Resources & Environm, Int Ctr Bamboo & Rattan, Key Lab Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xu, Y ] C;China Agr Univ, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Published works (article and dissertation) related to straw return-induced changes in grain yield of rice;maize and wheat in China were collected from the Google Scholar;Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) before January 2023. The main keywords used for relevant publications research were "crop straw or residue or stubble or stover";"return or retention or input or incorporation or mulch" and "yield or productivity". The literature items were then selected
摘要：
Effective management of crop straw is crucial for sustainable food production, renewable energy transition and climate change mitigation. However, accurately estimating reasonable removal rates to enhance grain yield and transition to bioenergy remains challenging. Through nationwide systematic surveys and meta-analysis, reasonable straw removal rates of 45 % for rice, 19 % for wheat, and 42 % for maize were identified in China. The potential bioenergy production derived from these reasonably removed straws ranges from 23 to 100 Mtce in 2022. The combined adjustment of straw utilization and fossil fuel offset through bioenergy leads to a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 218 to 309 Mt in 2022. Particularly, maize straw emerges as a preferred feedstock for bioenergy and climate mitigation due to its highest bioenergy production and GHG emissions reduction potential. These findings provide critical insights into optimizing agricultural residue management in China, guiding efforts toward food security and carbon neutrality goals.
Effective management of crop straw is crucial for sustainable food production, renewable energy transition and climate change mitigation. However, accurately estimating reasonable removal rates to enhance grain yield and transition to bioenergy remains challenging. Through nationwide systematic surveys and meta-analysis, reasonable straw removal rates of 45 % for rice, 19 % for wheat, and 42 % for maize were identified in China. The potential bioenergy production derived from these reasonably removed straws ranges from 23 to 100 Mtce in 2022. The combined adjustment of straw utilization and fossil fuel offset through bioenergy leads to a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 218 to 309 Mt in 2022. Particularly, maize straw emerges as a preferred feedstock for bioenergy and climate mitigation due to its highest bioenergy production and GHG emissions reduction potential. These findings provide critical insights into optimizing agricultural residue management in China, guiding efforts toward food security and carbon neutrality goals.
摘要：
Osteoporosis is divided into primary and secondary types. Primary osteoporosis may result from estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women, imbalanced bone remodeling in the elderly, or imbalanced adolescent-type bone development. Secondary osteoporosis can be caused by factors like long-term glucocorticoid treatment, chronic kidney disease (CKD), estrogen deprivation, oxidative stress, diabetes, and obesity. This review focuses on the therapeutic potential of soy isoflavones for osteoporosis. At the cellular level, soy isoflavones, as natural plant extracts and phytoestrogens, are crucial for osteoblastogenesis and differentiation, osteoclastogenesis, osteoclast mineralization, and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation. They also maintain calcium homeostasis by regulating extracellular calcium and vitamin D levels. In terms of oxidative stress, soy isoflavones mitigate it in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, thus regulating cellular senescence, autophagy, and bone remodeling processes. Moreover, soy isoflavones can relieve symptoms related to CKD and inhibit glucocorticoid secretion, which directly or indirectly benefits the treatment of osteoporosis. Overall, soy isoflavones have the potential to treat osteoporosis by enhancing bone health, regulating metabolism, and alleviating oxidative stress. Future research should explore the potential of soy isoflavones as phytoestrogens for treating osteoporosis. This exploration should focus on clarifying the safety, identifying potential side effects, determining the optimal dosage regimen, and developing strategies to mitigate any adverse reactions. In addition, further large-scale, multicenter human clinical trials are necessary to accurately evaluate the actual therapeutic effect of soy isoflavones on osteoporosis.
摘要：
The presence of alkylphenolic residues in vegetables could pose a potential food safety risk for humans. The residues of alkylphenols in bean sprouts have not been reported. Magnetic dispersion solid phase extraction (MD-SPE) followed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for detecting alkylphenol residues in sprouts. The Fe 3 O 4 @rGO@poly 3-aminophenol composite was first synthesized and used as an effective and regenerate adsorbent for MD-SPE. This method features minimal use of organic reagents, high extraction efficiency, easy recovery via magnetic separation, and the reusability of the adsorbent. The magnetic composite was characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. For optimization of the extraction process, the Plackett-Burman factorial design was employed to to fine-tune multiple parameters of MD-SPE. Additionally, the sensitivity of UPLC-MS/MS enabled the precise quantification of alkylphenols in the sprout samples. This analysis yielded high linearities (R 2 > 0.9989) and recoveries (90.4 %–108.5 %) at three different spiked levels. a minimal matrix effect (7.5 %–12.4 %), impressive limits of detection (0.89–13.62 pg/mL), and reliable reproducibility (intra-day: 2.0 %–13.5 %; inter-day: 0.7 %–11.6 %) were obtained. Thus, a new method was successfully employed for analyzing alkylphenolic residues in vegetables samples, making it a valuable tool for ensuring food safety.
The presence of alkylphenolic residues in vegetables could pose a potential food safety risk for humans. The residues of alkylphenols in bean sprouts have not been reported. Magnetic dispersion solid phase extraction (MD-SPE) followed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for detecting alkylphenol residues in sprouts. The Fe 3 O 4 @rGO@poly 3-aminophenol composite was first synthesized and used as an effective and regenerate adsorbent for MD-SPE. This method features minimal use of organic reagents, high extraction efficiency, easy recovery via magnetic separation, and the reusability of the adsorbent. The magnetic composite was characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. For optimization of the extraction process, the Plackett-Burman factorial design was employed to to fine-tune multiple parameters of MD-SPE. Additionally, the sensitivity of UPLC-MS/MS enabled the precise quantification of alkylphenols in the sprout samples. This analysis yielded high linearities (R 2 > 0.9989) and recoveries (90.4 %–108.5 %) at three different spiked levels. a minimal matrix effect (7.5 %–12.4 %), impressive limits of detection (0.89–13.62 pg/mL), and reliable reproducibility (intra-day: 2.0 %–13.5 %; inter-day: 0.7 %–11.6 %) were obtained. Thus, a new method was successfully employed for analyzing alkylphenolic residues in vegetables samples, making it a valuable tool for ensuring food safety.
摘要：
INTRODUCTION: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of cardiovascular-related deaths. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) offer effective therapy without injections or blood monitoring. This bibliometric analysis explores the research on NOACs for preventing VTE and pulmonary embolism. METHODS: Literature up to July 20, 2024, was searched in Web of Science Core Collection. Citespace software was used for screening and analysis. RESULTS: In this study, we analyzed 2124 articles and 767 reviews from 11,282 institutions across 528 countries and regions, encompassing 830 publications and 60 research directions. The USA led in publication count, followed by Germany and Canada. Cardiovascular System Cardiology, Hematology, and General Internal Medicine were the top research areas, while THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS was the leading journal. From 2004 to 2024, we observed accelerated publication growth, particularly from 2008, highlighting the emergence of NOACs as a major research focus. Key contributors, including Bengt I. Eriksson, and major institutions like Harvard Medical School and University of Amsterdam, played pivotal roles in advancing anticoagulant research. Co-citation and keyword clustering analyses revealed research hotspots in NOACs, cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, stroke prevention, and COVID-19-related thrombotic events, reflecting a shift towards individualized anticoagulation therapy and the growing importance of NOACs in various clinical contexts. CONCLUSION: The development of NOACs has progressed rapidly, with an increasing number of publications, indicating the lead research in the United States and other Western nations. Comparative studies on the safety and efficacy of NOACs have become a significant focus, shifting from traditional anticoagulants. Pharmacogenetics-guided use of NOACS shows new hope of precision medicine.
摘要：
The widespread application of biogas projects generates substantial amounts of waste fermentation residue. Further treatment of fermentation residues facilitates resource utilization, ensures safe disposal, and is anticipated to enhance the economic returns of biogas projects. Herein, catalytic liquefaction of pig manure fermentation residue to produce biocrude oil was investigated using various alkaline catalysts at 340 ℃ with ethanol as the solvent. Biocrude oils were analyzed by elemental analysis, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), thermogravimetric analysis, and kinetic analysis. The maximum biocrude oil yield (45.24 wt%) was obtained with the KOH catalyst. Additionally, the biocrude oil produced by the catalysis of CaO exhibited the maximum higher heating value at 44.18 MJ/kg. GC–MS results showed that KOH and K 2 CO 3 considerably increased the content of phenols and hydrocarbons in the biocrude while reducing nitrogenous compounds. All alkaline catalysts effectively reduced the activation energy of biocrude oil compared to biocrude oil without catalyst. The maximum reduction in activation energy (18.73 %) was achieved with the addition of Na 2 CO 3 . More importantly, adding CaO not only increased the yield and higher heating value of biocrude oil but also reduced nitrogenous compounds and activation energy, improving the overall yield and quality. Overall, this work provides an effective and promising method to convert pig manure fermentation residue into green high-quality biocrude oil, simultaneously providing an economical and environmentally friendly waste management strategy for the fermentation industry.
The widespread application of biogas projects generates substantial amounts of waste fermentation residue. Further treatment of fermentation residues facilitates resource utilization, ensures safe disposal, and is anticipated to enhance the economic returns of biogas projects. Herein, catalytic liquefaction of pig manure fermentation residue to produce biocrude oil was investigated using various alkaline catalysts at 340 ℃ with ethanol as the solvent. Biocrude oils were analyzed by elemental analysis, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), thermogravimetric analysis, and kinetic analysis. The maximum biocrude oil yield (45.24 wt%) was obtained with the KOH catalyst. Additionally, the biocrude oil produced by the catalysis of CaO exhibited the maximum higher heating value at 44.18 MJ/kg. GC–MS results showed that KOH and K 2 CO 3 considerably increased the content of phenols and hydrocarbons in the biocrude while reducing nitrogenous compounds. All alkaline catalysts effectively reduced the activation energy of biocrude oil compared to biocrude oil without catalyst. The maximum reduction in activation energy (18.73 %) was achieved with the addition of Na 2 CO 3 . More importantly, adding CaO not only increased the yield and higher heating value of biocrude oil but also reduced nitrogenous compounds and activation energy, improving the overall yield and quality. Overall, this work provides an effective and promising method to convert pig manure fermentation residue into green high-quality biocrude oil, simultaneously providing an economical and environmentally friendly waste management strategy for the fermentation industry.
摘要：
Squalene is a triterpene with various biological applications. However, the conventioneer squalene industry is limited by complex extraction processes and environmental pollution, necessitating an environmentally sustainable solution to the increasing demand for squalene. Microbial synthesis is a potentially green and efficient method of producing squalene. Acetyl-CoA is a key precursor of squalene. First, we investigated the effects of enhanced acetyl-CoA supply on squalene production, lipid content, and total fatty acid content in Yarrowia lipolytica. Then, strain YLACLH2 with a squalene production of 232.29 mg/L was obtained by co-overexpressing YlACL2 and YlHMG1. Subsequently, the squalene production of YLACLH2 was increased to 514.33 mg/L by fermentation engineering, optimizing fermentation conditions including temperature, media volume, C/N ratio, shaker flask type and medium type. Finally, we investigated the synthesis efficiency of squalene in Y. lipolytica by acid-hydrolyzed sugarcane molasses (AHM) and waste cooking oil (WCO) as carbon sources with optimized fermentation conditions. This study showed that Y. lipolytica has the potential to produce squalene industrially using low-cost substrates. Our study findings provide reference for engineering Y. lipolytica to produce squalene using low-cost substrates and in an environmentally sustainable manner.
通讯机构：
[Jin, J ; Li, YY ] S;Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 3, Ctr Neuroimmunol & Hlth Longev, Guangzhou 510630, Peoples R China.;Zhejiang Univ, Sir Run Run Shaw Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Gastroenterol, Hangzhou 310016, Peoples R China.;Zhejiang Univ, Life Sci Inst, MOE Key Lab Biosyst Homeostasis & Protect, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Canc Mol Cell Biol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;Southeast Univ, Jiangsu Prov High Tech Key Lab Biomed Res, Key Lab Dev Genes & Human Dis, Minist Educ,Inst Life Sci, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.
关键词：
AdorA2B;Lactobacillus murinus;irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea;spermidine;stress;type I interferon;xanthine
摘要：
Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is a common and chronic gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized by abdominal discomfort and occasional diarrhea. The pathogenesis of IBS-D is thought to be related to a combination of factors, including psychological stress, abnormal muscle contractions, and inflammation and disorder of the gut microbiome. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive analysis of the logical regulatory correlation among these factors. In this study, we found that stress induced hyperproduction of xanthine and altered the abundance and metabolic characteristics of Lactobacillus murinus in the gut. Lactobacillus murinus -derived spermidine suppressed the basal expression of type I interferon (IFN)-α in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by inhibiting the K63-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF3. The reduction in IFN-α unrestricted the contractile function of colonic smooth muscle cells, resulting in an increase in bowel movement. Our findings provided a theoretical basis for the pathological mechanism of, and new drug targets for, stress-exposed IBS-D.
Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is a common and chronic gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized by abdominal discomfort and occasional diarrhea. The pathogenesis of IBS-D is thought to be related to a combination of factors, including psychological stress, abnormal muscle contractions, and inflammation and disorder of the gut microbiome. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive analysis of the logical regulatory correlation among these factors. In this study, we found that stress induced hyperproduction of xanthine and altered the abundance and metabolic characteristics of Lactobacillus murinus in the gut. Lactobacillus murinus -derived spermidine suppressed the basal expression of type I interferon (IFN)-α in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by inhibiting the K63-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF3. The reduction in IFN-α unrestricted the contractile function of colonic smooth muscle cells, resulting in an increase in bowel movement. Our findings provided a theoretical basis for the pathological mechanism of, and new drug targets for, stress-exposed IBS-D.
