作者机构：
[Li, L. L.; Yin, F. G.; Zhu, N. S.; Yin, Y. L.; Tang, Z. R.; Liu, G.; Luo, J. J.; Li, F. N.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, L. L.; Yin, F. G.; Tang, Z. R.; Liu, G.; Li, F. N.] Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Hou, D. X.; Zhu, N. S.; Zhang, B.; Peng, H. Z.; Luo, J. J.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yin, F. G.] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The effects of Atractylodes Macrophala Koidz polysaccharides on metabolic status and immune function in early-weaned pigs were determined. 25 [Duroc x (Landrace x Yorkshire)] crossbred pigs, weaned at the age of 21 days (body weight 5.30 +/- 0.25 kg), were randomly allocated to 5 dietary treatments, with 5 pigs in each treatment. The dietary treatments were: the basal diet (BD)fed group, the pure Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz polysaccharides (PAMKPS)-fed group (BD + 0.3% PAMKPS), the crude polysaccharides mixture (CPSM)-fed group (BD + 0.6% CPSM), the crude Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz polysaccharides (CAMKPS)-fed group (BD + 0.6% CAMKPS) and the antibiotics (AN)-fed group (BD + 0.015% chlortetracycline + 0.005% flavomycin). Diarrhea scores were recorded daily, and the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain ratio (F/G) were measured weekly. Blood samples were obtained for the measurement of serum metabolites and immune function related parameters, contents from ileum, cecum and colon were collected for enumeration of coliform and lactobacillus counts, and tissue samples were collected for the determination of cAMP contents and mRNA abundances of cytokines. Diets supplemented with the PAMKPS, CPSM and CAMKPS increased ADG (P<0.05) and decreased F/G (P<0.05) compared with the BD. The diarrhea incidence in pigs of the PAMKPS-fed group was lower (P<0.05) than that in both the AN and BD-fed group, and that in the CPSM and AN-fed group was lower (P<0.05) than in the CAMPKS and BD-fed group, respectively. The counts of coliform in ileum contents of the PAMKPS-fed group, that in cecum contents of the PAMKPS, CPSM, CAMKPS and AN-fed group, and that in colon contents of the PAMKPS and AN-fed group were lower (P<0.05) than that in the BD-fed group; the counts of lactobacillus in ileum contents of the PAMKPS-fed group, that in cecum contents of the PAMKPS, CPSM and CAMKPS-fed group, and that in colon contents of the PAMKPS, CPSM, CAMKPS and AN-fed group were higher (P<0.05) than that in the BD-fed group, respectively. Diet supplemented with the PAMKPS ameliorated (P<0.05) the metabolic status of blood urea nitrogen, alanine amiotransterase and aspartate amiotransterase compared with the BD, and diets supplemented with the CAMKPS and CPSM improved (P<0.05) the glucose metabolic process compared with the AN-added diet. Diet supplemented with the PAMKPS increased (P<0.05) the serum concentrations of immunoglobin (Ig) G, IgM, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and spleen and liver contents of the cAMP compared with the BD. Diets supplemented with the PAMKPS and CPSM increased (P<0.05) the peripheral blood lymphocyte transformation rates and mRNA abundances of the interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and the nuclear factor of activated T cells transcription factor (NF-AT) in spleen compared with the AN-added and BD diets. We concluded that the PAMKPS, CAMKPS and CPSM could ameliorate the metabolic status and regulate immune function to beneficially improve the growth performance in pigs, and such function was better than that of antibiotics. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
为探讨壳聚糖对仔猪生长性能和抗氧化力的影响, 50头21 d 断奶仔猪被随机分为五组, 预试期用大肠杆菌攻毒, 对照组饲喂基础日粮, 试验组分别在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg金霉素和200 mg/kg、300 mg/kg、400 mg/kg壳聚糖, 连续饲喂21天。结果表明: 与对照组相比, 1)各试验组日采食量提高(P>0.05), 料重比和腹泻率降低, 日增重平均值分别提高15.8%、9.2%、16.8%和21.1%(P>0.05); 2)壳聚糖组仔猪血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)(P＜0.05)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)(P>0.05)、过氧化物酶(POD)(P>0.05)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)(P＜0.05)活力和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P＜0.01)含量升高, 丙二醛(MDA)(P＜0.01)和一氧化氮(NO)(P>0.05)含量下降。结果说明仔猪日粮中添加壳聚糖能促进生长, 降低腹泻率, 提高抗氧化力。 In order to explore the effects of chitosan on growth performance and anti-oxidative status in weanling pigs. Fifty weanling with 21 days old piglets were challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli during preliminary trial period and randomly assigned to five treatment groups fed respectively a maize-soybean meal diet containing either no addition, 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg chitosan for 21 days. The results showed as follows: Compared with the control group,1) daily feed intake was improved (P>0.05), the ratio of feed to gain and diarrhearate was decreased in every experimental group, average daily gains were increased respectively 15.8%,9.2%,16.8% and 21.1% (P>0.05); 2) the activity of GSH-Px(P＜0.05), NOS(P＞0.05),POD(P＞0.05), T-SOD(P＜0.05) and the content of T-AOC(P＜0.01) were improved,and the concentrations of MDA(P＜0.01) and NO(P＞0.05) were decreased with different extent in three chitosan groups. These results indicate that diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg,300 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg chitosan can improve growth performance,decrease diarrhea rate and enhance antioxidant capacity in weanling piglets.
