作者： 杨锐;熊廷浩;资涛;胡宇倩;陈历儒;...

期刊： 中国土壤与肥料,2022年CSCD(9):39-44 ISSN：1673-6257

作者机构： [杨锐; 许本波] 长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心;[资涛; 宋海星; 熊廷浩; 胡宇倩] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室/植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室

关键词： 油菜;有机无机配施;最佳氮肥施用量;减肥增产

摘要： 探明湖南油菜种植区配施有机肥条件下化肥氮减施潜力，为该地区油菜生产中氮肥减施增效提供参考。田间试验在湖南省郴州市进行，供试油菜品种为湘油420，采用裂区设计，研究配施等量（2250 kg/ha）有机肥条件下不同氮肥用量（0、90、135、180、225、270 kg/ha）对油菜生长、产量、理论产油量和经济效益的影响。结果表明，所有氮肥水平下配施有机肥均显著提高油菜产量，且在低氮水平下增产效果更加明显，有机肥的增产效果主要通过增加单株角果数和每角果粒数来实现。在不施与施有机肥条件下，施氮量分别为213和199 kg/ha时油菜籽产量最高，分别为1754和2514 kg/ha，氮肥减少了6.6%、产量提高了43.3%；施用有机肥条件下达到不施有机肥的最高产量值仅需127 kg/ha氮肥，减少了44.1%。所有供氮水平下，施用有机肥可显著增加氮素积累量、理论产油量和经济效益，包括有机肥氮的氮肥偏生产力也呈增加趋势，而包括有机肥氮的氮肥农学效率和氮肥表观利用率变化较小；与不施有机肥相比，施有机肥的最高理论产油量施氮量减少了3.0%、最高效益施氮量减少了20.0%，而理论产油量和效益分别增加了41.1%和50.0%。

语种： 中文

作者： Tian, Hui;Zhu, Zihan;Song, Haixing;Wu, Xiuwen

期刊： Adsorption Science & Technology,2022年2022 ISSN：0263-6174

通讯作者： Wu, Xiuwen(wuxiuwen0605@163.com)

作者机构： [Zhu, Zihan; Wu, Xiuwen] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China;[Song, Haixing] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China;[Tian, Hui] College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China <&wdkj&> College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China

通讯机构： [Wu, X.] C;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China

摘要： Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a nutritious vegetable, while cadmium (Cd) pollution threatens the growth, productivity, and food security of rapeseed. By studying the effects of iminodisuccinic acid (IDS), an easily biodegradable and environmental friendly chelating agent, on Cd distribution at the organ and cellular level, we found IDS promoted dry matter accumulation of rapeseed and increased the contents of photosynthetic pigment in leaves. Inhibited root-shoot Cd transport resulted in higher activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in leaves, which indicated that IDS contributed to alleviating Cd-caused oxidative damage in leaf cells. Additionally, IDS increased Cd subcellular distribution in cell wall (CW), especially in covalently bound pectin (CSP), and relieved Cd toxicity in organelle of leaves. IDS also enhanced demethylation of CSP. The Cd content in CSP, demethylation degree, and pectin methylesterase activity of CSP increased by 37.95%, 13.34%, and 13.16%, respectively, while IDS did not change the contents of different CW components. The improved Cd fixation in leaf CW was mainly attributed to enhance demethylation of covalently bound pectin (CSP) and Cd chelation with CSP. © 2022 Hui Tian et al.

语种： 英文

作者： 熊廷浩;黄益国;周旋;鲁艳红;资涛;...

期刊： 浙江农业学报,2021年33(10):1904-1912 ISSN：1004-1524

作者机构： [资涛; 宋海星; 熊廷浩; 胡宇倩] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[黄益国] 衡阳市农业科学研究所;[周旋; 鲁艳红] 湖南省土壤肥料研究所

关键词： 油菜主产区;土壤养分;肥力评价;重金属

摘要： 在湖南省油菜主产区采集56个耕层土壤样品,测定土壤主要养分与有效态重金属含量,研究土壤肥力现状及其空间分布特征,并对土壤重金属污染风险进行综合评价。结果表明,湖南油菜主产区土壤pH呈弱酸性和微酸性,普遍缺乏有机质和氮、磷、钾、硼、硫、钼,还有约一半的土壤缺少钙和镁,而铁、锰、铜、锌元素丰富,土壤综合肥力等级评价结果为一般。镉轻度、中度和重度污染的样品分别占16.1%、1.8%和1.8%,但未发现铜、锌、铅、镍污染样本。据此认为,湖南省油菜生产中应合理补充有机质和氮、磷、钾、硼等元素,同时,部分地区还需采取降低镉有效性的改土措施。

语种： 中文

作者： 熊廷浩;资涛;张嫒;胡宇倩;彭芝;...

期刊： 作物杂志,2021年(03):133-139 ISSN：1001-7283

作者机构： [宋海星; 张嫒; 熊廷浩; 胡宇倩] 湖南农业大学资源环境学院;[资涛] 湖南生物机电职业技术学院;[彭芝] 岳阳市农业科学研究院

关键词： 油菜;化肥减量;有机肥;适宜用量

摘要： 以油菜品种湘油420为供试材料,采用田间试验,研究了化肥减量25%条件下,配施不同用量(1125~4500kg/hm^(2))有机肥对油菜产量、干物质积累以及养分积累的影响,以常规施肥,即化肥不减量且不施有机肥为对照。结果表明,化肥减量25%配施有机肥可显著提高单株角果数、植株干物质和养分积累量,从而提高油菜产量,且随着有机肥用量的增加而增加,而经济效益仅在有机肥用量较低时(1125kg/hm^(2))有所增加。化肥减量25%配施有机肥处理比常规施肥(FFP)处理增产25.2%~78.5%,比化肥减量25%未配施有机肥(F75%)处理增产43.9%~105.1%;根据有机肥用量与产量之间的回归方程,化肥减量25%时仅配施675kg/hm^(2)有机肥可弥补因化肥减量带来的产量损失。与FFP和F75%处理相比,化肥减量25%配施有机肥处理均显著增加油菜干物质和氮磷钾积累量。化肥减量25%配施1125kg/hm^(2)有机肥处理的经济效益最高,为5789元/hm^(2),比FFP处理增加74元/hm^(2),比F75%处理增加519元/hm^(2)。综上可得,有机无机肥配施可促进养分积累和油菜生长,提高菜籽产量,通过配施有机肥可实现化肥减量25%的目标,且本区域有机肥配施的适宜用量为1125kg/hm^(2)。

语种： 中文

作者： 杨志长;沈涛;罗卓;彭芝;胡宇倩;...

期刊： 作物杂志,2020年(02):71-81 ISSN：1001-7283

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,410128,湖南长沙;[胡宇倩; 罗卓; 宋海星; 资涛; 彭芝; 沈涛; 杨志长; 熊廷浩] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 机插双季稻;低氮密植;产量形成;氮肥利用率

摘要： 在大田试验条件下,采用裂区设计,以株两优819和中嘉早17为早稻材料,泰优390和湘晚籼13为晚稻材料,设置不施氮常密(CK0)、不施氮高密(CK1)、常氮常密(D0N0)、低氮高密(D1N1)4种氮肥密度组合,研究低氮密植对机插早、晚稻产量形成和氮肥利用率的影响.结果 表明,与D0N0相比,D1N1更有利于构建水稻优良群体结构,提高群体分蘖数和主要生育期干物质含量,且叶面积指数、光合势和群体生长率等群体指标均具有一定的优势;同时,D1N1协调穗数与粒数的矛盾,提高群体总颖花量,维持结实率和千粒重,保持产量稳定;D1N1还可提高氮素偏生产力、氮素农学利用率和氮素吸收利用率,但对氮收获指数影响较小.低氮密植对水稻经济效益的影响因品种、稻季和地点的不同而存在差异,有一定的减收风险.综合考虑,低氮密植可兼顾水稻产量的稳定和氮肥利用率的提高,且氮肥投入的减少有利于环保.

语种： 中文

作者： Liu, Xiangrong;Liao, Jiayuan;Song, Haixing;Yang, Yong;Guan, Chunyun;...

期刊： Scientific Reports,2019年9(1) ISSN：2045-2322

通讯作者： Zhang, Zhenhua

作者机构： [Guan, Chunyun; Song, Haixing; Liu, Xiangrong; Zhang, Zhenhua; Liao, Jiayuan; Yang, Yong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Xiangrong] Hunan Qidong Country Tobacco Co, Hengyang 421600, Peoples R China.;[Song, Haixing; Liu, Xiangrong; Zhang, Zhenhua; Liao, Jiayuan; Yang, Yong] Natl Engn Lab Soil & Fertilizer Resources Efficie, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Zhenhua] H;[Zhang, Zhenhua] N;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Natl Engn Lab Soil & Fertilizer Resources Efficie, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

摘要： Biochar-based fertilizers have attracted increased attention, because biochar can improve the soil fertility, promote plant growth and crop yield. However, biochar-based controlled release nitrogen fertilizers (BCRNFs) still face problems because of the high cost, inefficient production technology, instability of nitrides, and the challenge associated with the controlled release of nutrients. In this study, we hydrothermally synthesised novel BCRNFs using urea-loaded biochar, bentonite and polyvinyl alcohol for controlled release of nutrients. Scanning electron microscopy and gas adsorption were conducted to identify the urea-loading and storage of bentonite in the inner pores of the biochar particles. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies demonstrated that strengthening the interactions among biochar, urea, and bentonite, helps control the moisture diffusion and penetration of bentonite, thereby leading to nutrient retention. The BCRNF showed significantly improved nutrient release characteristic compared with that of a mixture of biochar and urea. This urea-bentonite composite loaded with urea provides control over the release of nutrients stored in the biochar. BCRNF, especially those produced hydrothermally, can have potential applications in sustainable food security and green agriculture.

语种： 英文

作者： Liao, Qiong;Jian, Shao-Fen;Song, Hai-Xing;Guan, Chun-Yun;Lepo, Joe Eugene;...

期刊： Plant Science,2019年284:57-66 ISSN：0168-9452

通讯作者： Zhang, Zhen-Hua

作者机构： [Song, Hai-Xing; Zhang, Zhen-Hua; Liao, Qiong; Jian, Shao-Fen] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Song, Hai-Xing; Zhang, Zhen-Hua] Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Engn Lab High Efficiency Utilizat Soil & Fer, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chun-Yun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lepo, Joe Eugene] Univ West Florida, Ctr Environm Diagnost & Bioremediat, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.;[Ismail, Abdelbagi M.] Int Rice Res Inst, DAPO 7777, Manila, Philippines.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Zhen-Hua] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Engn Lab High Efficiency Utilizat Soil & Fer, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Heavy metal tolerance;Nitrate assimilation;Nitrogen use efficiency;Proton pumps;Vacuolar sequestration capacity (VSC)

摘要： The transmembrane transport of NO3(-) and Cd(2+) into plant cell vacuoles relies on the energy from their tonoplast proton pumps, V-ATPase and V-PPase. If the activity of these pumps is reduced, it results in less NO3(-) and Cd(2+) being transported into the vacuoles, which contributes to better nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and lower Cd(2+) tolerance in plants. The physiological mechanisms that regulate the balance between NUE and Cd(2+) tolerance remain unknown. In our study, two Brassica napus genotypes with differential NUEs, xiangyou 15 and 814, and Atclca-2 mutant and AtCAX4 over-expression line (AtCAX4-OE) of Arabidopsis thaliana, were used to investigate Cd(2+) stress responses. We found that the Brassica napus genotype, with higher NUE, was more sensitive to Cd(2+) stress. The AtCAX4-OE mutant, with higher Cd(2+) vacuolar sequestration capacity (VSC), limited NO3(-) sequestration into root vacuoles and promoted NUE. Atclca-2 mutants, with decreased NO3(-) VSC, enhanced Cd(2+) sequestration into root vacuoles and conferred greater Cd(2+) tolerance than the WT. This may be due to the competition between Cd(2+) andNO3(-) in the vacuoles for the energy provided by V-ATPase and V-PPase. Regulating the balance between Cd(2+) and NO3(-) vacuolar accumulation by inhibiting the activity of CLCa transporter and increasing the activity of CAX4 transporter will simultaneously enhance both the NUE and Cd(2+) tolerance of Brassica napus, essential for improving its Cd(2+) phytoremediation potential.

语种： 英文

作者： 廖琼;周婷;肖燕;唐天骄;宋海星;...

期刊： 植物生理与分子生物学学报,2019年55(5):596-608 ISSN：1671-3877

通讯作者： Zhang, Z.-H.

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 长沙, 410128;南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙, 410128;国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心, 国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心, 长沙, 410128;[华营鹏; 肖燕; 唐天骄; 周婷; 张振华; 宋海星; 廖琼] 湖南农业大学;[官春云] 国家油料作物改良中心

通讯机构： College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China

关键词： 甘蓝型油菜;镉胁迫;生物信息学

摘要： CAXs (Cation/H~+exchanger antiporter)是一类重要的阳离子跨膜转运蛋白,在调控植物Ca~(2+)平衡,参与转运金属离子Cd~(2+)和Mn~(2+)中发挥了重要作用,但在甘蓝型油菜中尚缺乏系统研究。本文利用生物信息学的方法对甘蓝型油菜CAX家族成员的基因拷贝数、系统进化、进化选择压力、分子特征、保守基序、染色体定位、基因结构及其启动子区域所能结合的顺式作用元件进行了预测和分析;同时采用荧光定量PCR分析了甘蓝型油菜BnaCAXs的组织表达模式及其对Cd~(2+)胁迫的响应。结果表明,甘蓝型油菜CAX家族共包含17个成员,系统进化分析结果表明BnaCAXs与拟南芥进化相似,并且明显地分为5个亚家族。BnaCAXs家族所有基因成员的Ka/Ks值均小于0.3,受到强烈的纯化选择作用。大部分BnaCAXs均属于稳定的疏水蛋白,并包含8~11个跨膜结构域。基因结构差异明显,内含子数目从6~11不等,并且Dof、MYB以及W-BOX是其启动子上丰度较大的顺式作用元件,可能参与到BnaCAX抗逆过程的调控。荧光定量PCR结果表明,甘蓝型油菜CAX基因主要在地下部表达; BnaC4.CAX1-2和BnaC3.CAX2-2是该家族的核心基因,并受到Cd~(2+)胁迫的显著诱导。

语种： 中文

作者： 胡宇倩;张秋平;鲁艳红;李旭霞;杨志长;...

期刊： 湖南农业科学,2019年(04):31-36 ISSN：1006-060X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,湖南长沙410128;[张秋平; 胡宇倩; 宋海星; 鲁艳红; 杨志长; 李旭霞] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校

关键词： 油菜;施肥;减肥空间;湖南

摘要： 通过农户抽样调查的方法,分析研究了湖南省2016-2017年度油菜施肥情况.结果 表明:所调查的农户100％施用了化肥,而仅有11.2％农户施用了有机肥.N∶ P205∶K20的比例为1∶0.42∶0.51,而高化肥氮投入量前50％的样本中,化肥平均投入量的N∶ P2O5∶K2O比例为1∶0.36∶0.36.结合湖南省推荐施肥量分析表明,30％、50％的农户分别有约30％、20％的节氮、磷空间,30％的农户有18.4％的节钾空间,50％的农户有5.7％的节钾空间.油菜施肥次数以2次所占比例最高,基本施肥方式为基肥+1次追肥、苗床肥+基肥,45.6％的氮肥作基肥施用.由此提出湖南省油菜种植的改进措施主要有:提倡有机肥替减化肥;营养元素协同增效减肥;应用新型肥料与改进施肥方法.

语种： 中文

作者： Wu, Zhimin;Yang, Lan;Jiang, Lihong;Zhang, Zhenhua;Song, Haixing;...

期刊： PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR,2019年14(12):1681114 ISSN：1559-2316

通讯作者： Han, Yongliang

作者机构： [Song, Haixing; Zhang, Zhenhua; Rong, Xiangmin; Yang, Lan; Han, Yongliang; Wu, Zhimin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Lihong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Han, Yongliang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Ethanol;nutrient accumulation;oilseed rape

摘要： With hydroponics culture, we monitored the response of the growth and nutrient accumulation of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to five ethanol concentrations: 0 mL•L−1 (control), 0.0125 mL•L−1, 0.025 mL•L−1, 0.05 mL•L−1, and 0.25 mL•L−1, respectively. The results showed that a high concentration of exogenous ethanol (0.25 mL•L−1) significantly inhibited oilseed rape growth by 52.28%. However, the biomass of oilseed rape with a low concentration of exogenous ethanol (0.0125–0.05 mL•L−1) manipulation was raised by 16.62–44.08%. A similar result was found on the total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of the oilseed rape. Results of micro-element determination showed that iron and zinc accumulation in oilseed rape was unchanged, while manganese and copper accumulation was increased first and then decreased with increasing ethanol concentration. This study provided a possibility for improving plant growth with low concentration ethanol application in oilseed rape planting. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

语种： 英文

作者： Zhang, Zhen-Hua;Zhou, Ting;Tang, Tian-Jiao;Song, Hai-Xing;Guan, Chun-Yun;...

期刊： JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY,2019年70(19):5437-5455 ISSN：0022-0957

通讯作者： Hua, Ying-Peng

作者机构： [Zhang, Zhen-Hua; Zhou, Ting; Tang, Tian-Jiao; Song, Hai-Xing; Hua, Ying-Peng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Huang, Jin-Yong; Hua, Ying-Peng] Zhengzhou Univ, Sch Agr Sci, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China;[Guan, Chun-Yun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crop Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China

通讯机构： [Hua, Ying-Peng] H;[Hua, Ying-Peng] Z;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. Zhengzhou Univ, Sch Agr Sci, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Allotetraploid rapeseed;plant cadmium resistance;cadmium toxicity;multiomics;genotypic diversity;subcellular reallocation

摘要： Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) has great potential for phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-polluted soils due to its large plant biomass production and strong metal accumulation. Enhanced plant Cd resistance (PCR) is a crucial prerequisite for phytoremediation through hyper-accumulation of excess Cd. However, the complexity of the allotetraploid genome of rapeseed hinders our understanding of PCR. To explore rapeseed Cd-resistance mechanisms, we examined two genotypes, 'ZS11' (Cd-resistant) and 'W10' (Cd-sensitive), that exhibit contrasting PCR while having similar tissue Cd concentrations, and characterized their different fingerprints in terms of plant morphophysiology (electron microscopy), ion abundance (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), DNA variation (whole-genome resequencing), transcriptomics (high-throughput mRNA sequencing), and metabolomics (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry). Fine isolation of cell components combined with ionomics revealed that more Cd accumulated in the shoot vacuoles and root pectins of the resistant genotype than in the sensitive one. Genome and transcriptome sequencing identified numerous DNA variants and differentially expressed genes involved in pectin modification, ion binding, and compartmentalization. Transcriptomics-assisted gene co-expression networks characterized BnaCn.ABCC3 and BnaA8.PME3 as the central members involved in the determination of rapeseed PCR. High-resolution metabolic profiles revealed greater accumulation of shoot Cd chelates, and stronger biosynthesis and higher demethylation of root pectins in the resistant genotype than in the sensitive one. Our comprehensive examination using a multiomics approach has greatly improved our understanding of the role of subcellular reallocation of Cd in the determination of PCR. © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.

语种： 英文

作者： 杨志长;沈涛;胡宇倩;宋海星

期刊： 南方农业学报,2019年50(3):546-553 ISSN：2095-1191

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙,410128;[胡宇倩; 宋海星; 沈涛; 杨志长] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 机插晚稻;低氮密植;常规栽培;产量;光合特性

摘要： 【目的】探明低氮密植对机插晚稻产量形成和光合特性的影响,为推广低氮密植栽培技术提供理论依据。 【方法】在大田试验条件下,采用裂区设计,以杂交稻泰优390和常规稻湘晚籼13为材料,设低氮高密(N 120 kg/ha、 36.36万穴/ha)和常规栽培(N 150 kg/ha、28.57万穴/ha)2种氮肥密度水平,测定不同氮肥密度处理下机插晚稻的产量及其构成因素、茎蘖动态、干物质含量、主要生育时期叶面积指数和叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)及齐穗期叶片的光合特性参数。【结果】与常规栽培相比,低氮高密处理下泰优390产量降低5.56%,但差异不显著(P>0.05,下同),湘晚籼13产量无显著变化;低氮高密处理机插晚稻的有效穗数、单位面积茎蘖数、成穗率、收获指数和生育中后期群体生长率上升,群体干物重和叶面积指数无显著变化;泰优390生育中后期叶片SPAD值和净光合速率(Pn)显著下降(P<0.05),湘晚籼13生育中后期叶片SPAD值和Pn无显著变化。【结论】在氮肥施用量减少20%的条件下(150 kg/ha降至120 kg/ha)适当增加种植密度,机插晚稻仍可稳产。综合考虑产量、肥料成本和环境保护,低氮密植栽培技术值得推广。

语种： 中文

作者： 姚珺玥;华营鹏;周婷;王涛;宋海星;...

期刊： 作物学报,2019年45(8):1146-1157 ISSN：0496-3490

通讯作者： Zhang, Z.-H.

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心, 国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[华营鹏; 周婷; 王涛; 宋海星; 姚珺玥; 张振华] College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China;[官春云] Hunan Branch, National Oil Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China

通讯机构： [Zhang, Z.-H.] C;College of Resource and Environment, China

关键词： 甘蓝型油菜;AVP基因;VHA基因;生物信息学

摘要： 液泡是调控植物细胞分化、生长发育的重要部位, AVP1、VHA-a2和VHA-a3基因调控植物液泡内外离子平衡、离子运输以及能量供应。本研究利用功能已知的拟南芥AVP1、VHA-a2和VHA-a3基因为参考序列在甘蓝型油菜全基因组数据库、NCBI植物基因组注释数据库等鉴定并筛选出9个BnaAVP1、3个BnaVHA-a2和4个BnaVHA-a3,并分析基因拷贝数变异、分子特征、跨膜结构域、保守基序、染色体定位、系统进化树构建、蛋白二级结构及三维结构预测、高通量转录组测序等。发现甘蓝型油菜BnaAVP1和BnaVHA-a3的基因数量明显多于甘蓝和白菜;甘蓝型油菜AVP1、VHA-a2和VHA-a3蛋白属于由酸性氨基酸组成的稳定蛋白;系统进化选择能力的分析表明,甘蓝型油菜AVP1、VHA-a2和VHA-a3家族基因与甘蓝、白菜关系相近。转录组测序表明,低氮处理后, BnaAVP1s基因主要在地上部表达,且低氮3 h后地上部表达下调,低氮处理72 h根中表达量上调; BnaVHA-a2s和BnaVHA-a3s基因在地上部和根中均有表达, BnaVHA-a2s在低氮处理72 h后表达量基本呈上调趋势, BnaVHA-a3s在低氮3 h后基本呈下调趋势。低磷处理后, BnaAVP1s根中大部分基因表达上调,地上部表达基本无差异; BnaVHA-a2s表达基本无差异; BnaVHA-a3s地上部和根中均基本为上调趋势。该结果为进一步研究甘蓝型油菜AVP1、VHA-a2和VHA-a3基因生物学功能及AVP1、VHA-a2和VHA-a3蛋白水解ATP提供能量供植物代谢的分子机制奠定基础,为已知大量数据的其他物种家族基因生物信息学研究提供参考。

语种： 中文

作者： 沈涛;杨志长;胡宇倩;宋海星

期刊： 西北农业学报,2019年28(5):729-734 ISSN：1004-1389

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室/植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,长沙,410128;[胡宇倩; 宋海星; 杨志长; 沈涛] 植物营养湖南省普通高等学校

关键词： 晚稻;低氮密植;产量;氮素利用率

摘要： 研究低氮密植栽培对机插晚稻干物质累积与氮素利用效率的影响,为水稻高产高效栽培提供依据,以杂交稻‘泰优390’与常规稻‘湘晚籼13’为材料,在大田栽培条件下,研究机插密度(36.4穴/m~2、28.6穴/m~2)与施氮肥量(0、120、150kg/hm~2)对机插晚稻产量及氮素利用率的影响。结果表明:与常规栽培(28.6穴/m~2,150kg/hm~2)相比,低氮密植(36.4穴/m~2,120kg/hm~2)条件下,晚稻的干物质累积量与氮素累积量显著提升,‘泰优390’与‘湘晚籼13’的收获期干物质累积量分别提高22.8%和15.3%,氮素累积量分别提高10. 6%和16.2%;产量构成因素中,穗粒数、结实率、千粒质量在2种栽培条件下无显著差异,但有效穗数、偏生产力及氮肥吸收利用率显著提高。由此可见,水稻低氮密植栽培保持了稳定高产,同时显著提高氮肥利用率,是一种可实现水稻高产高效的栽培模式。

语种： 中文

作者： 梁桂红;华营鹏;周婷;廖琼;宋海星;...

期刊： 作物学报,2019年45(3):365-380 ISSN：0496-3490

通讯作者： Zhang, Z.-H.

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 湖南长沙 410128;南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南长沙 410128;[梁桂红; 华营鹏; 廖琼; 宋海星; 张振华; 周婷] College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China

通讯机构： [Zhang, Z.-H.] C;College of Resource and Environment, China

关键词： 甘蓝型油菜;生物信息学;硝酸盐;镉

摘要： 植物对硝酸盐的吸收和转运需要硝酸盐转运体(nitrate transporters, NRTs)的协助。在拟南芥中,硝酸盐的长途转运及其在根部和地上部的分配,主要受NRT1 家族的两个成员NRT1.5 和NRT1.8 的协同调控,且两者的表达均受到硝酸盐的强烈诱导。本文以AtNRT1.5 和AtNRT1.8 基因序列为基础序列,采用生物信息学方法鉴定了白菜、甘蓝和甘蓝型油菜中NRT1.5 和NRT1.8 同源基因,并对基因结构和分子特性、基因拷贝数变异、基因染色体分布、系统进化树、蛋白保守序列比对和跨膜结构域、基因响应低氮和镉胁迫的转录组测序以及基因共表达网络进行了分析。结果表明,白菜、甘蓝及甘蓝型油菜中NRT1.5 和NRT1.8 蛋白均含有保守的跨膜结构域和保守基序(F-Y-L-A-L-N-LG-S-L),属于MFS (major facilitator superfamily)超家族的小肽转运体PTR (peptide transporter)家族。转录组测序结果表明,甘蓝型油菜低氮处理72 h,根部NRT1.5 基因的表达丰度上调而抑制NRT1.8 的表达;镉处理条件下,乙烯/茉莉酸-硝酸盐转运体介导的信号途径能够促进NRT1.8 表达上调而抑制NRT1.5 的表达,从而使更多的硝酸盐从地上部运输到根部,提高植物抗镉胁迫的能力。本研究为进一步了解甘蓝型油菜NRT1.5 和NRT1.8 家族基因的生物学功能及其对氮-镉胁迫的响应奠定基础,同时为NRT1.5 和NRT1.8 家族基因在其他物种中的生物信息学研究提供参考。

语种： 中文

作者： 廖佳元;宋海星;赵东生;王涛;官春云;...

期刊： 水土保持学报,2019年33(1):158-164 ISSN：1009-2242

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,南方粮油作物协同创新中心,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,长沙410128;[官春云; 廖佳元; 王涛; 张振华; 赵东生; 宋海星] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 油菜;控释氮肥;氮素形态;产量;氮肥利用率

摘要： 通过盆栽土培试验研究了尿素、控释氮肥对南方稻田冬油菜生长、产量、土壤肥效和氮肥利用效率的影响,为控释氮肥在油菜生产上的推广应用提供参考。试验选用油菜品种“湘油15”,参考油菜大田种植施氮量,共设4个处理,以不施氮肥(CK)为对照,在施氮量均为200kg/hm~2的水平下,设置了3种氮肥处理:尿素(Urea)、控释氮肥1(CRNF1)和控释氮肥2(CRNF2)。对油菜生物量和产量、不同生育期下土壤无机氮、油菜氮素吸收、油菜生理特性、土壤微生物氮以及土壤酶活性等相关指标进行测定及分析。结果表明:较常规Urea处理相比,控释氮肥处理显著提高了油菜花期、收获期生物量,增产11.2%~20.1%;CRNF1处理显著提高了油菜花期、收获期土壤NO_3~--N含量,相比尿素处理分别提高43.2%和61.8%,CRNF2处理显著提高了油菜花期、收获期土壤NH_4~+-N含量,相比尿素处理分别提高18.7%和64.1%,保证了油菜生育后期土壤氮素供应;与Urea处理相比,控释氮肥显著提高了油菜薹期及生殖生长期油菜总氮吸收,最终氮肥利用率(NUE)提高23.1%~60.2%,氮肥农学利用率(NAE)提高19.1%~30.5%;CRNF1处理显著提高了油菜生长后期SPDA值和总叶绿素含量,相比尿素处理分别提高6.5%,10.1%;CRNF1处理极显著提高了油菜生长后期土壤微生物氮,较尿素处理提高142.5%;此外,控释氮肥显著提高了油菜生长后期土壤脲酶、FDA水解酶活性,相比尿素处理分别提高8.4%~12.9%,24.5%~32.4%。在总氮施用量不变的前提下,施用控释氮肥可提高油菜生殖生长期土壤有效氮含量,改善光合作用,增强土壤微生物量和微生物活性,促进氮素的吸收,提高氮肥的利用效率,进而增加油菜干物质累积,最终提高产量。

语种： 中文

作者： Lu, Sheng;Song, Haixing;Guan, Chunyun;Lepo, Joe Eugene;Wu, Zhimin;...

期刊： Plant and Soil,2019年445(1-2):23-37 ISSN：0032-079X

通讯作者： Zhang, Zhenhua;He, Xinhua

作者机构： [Song, Haixing; Zhang, Zhenhua; Lu, Sheng; Wu, Zhimin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chunyun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Lepo, Joe Eugene] Univ West Florida, Ctr Environm Diagnost & Bioremediat, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.;[He, Xinhua] Southwest Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.;[He, Xinhua] Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

通讯机构： [Zhang, Zhenhua] H;[He, Xinhua] U;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

关键词： Allelochemical metabolite;Brassica napus;Glutamine synthetase;Nitrate reductase;Oryza sativa

摘要： Aims: We examined differences in soil metabolites from the rice root rhizosphere of long-term rice-rice-fallow (RRF) and rice-rice-rape (RRR) rotations, and examined the effects of 1,2-benzenediol on nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and rice growth. Methods: The metabolite composition of rice rhizospheres was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A range of 0.2, 2.0 and 200 μmol L−1 concentrations of external 1,2-benzenediol were applied to examine their effects on rice growth, nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, and physiological nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE). Results: The metabolite composition of rhizospheres differed significantly between RRR and RRF. Soil total N and 1,2-benzenediol concentrations during the early rice season were significantly lower under RRR than RRF. Rice growth and NUE significantly enhanced at 0.20 μmol 1,2-benzenediol L−1, but inhibited at 2.0 μmol L−1 or higher. Changes in root morphology and uptake associated with 1,2-benzenediol possibly had contributed to a higher NUE of the early season rice under RRR. The NR and GS activities in rice roots were significantly higher with 0.2 μmol L−1 1,2-benzenediol than without 1,2-benzenediol treatment. Conclusions: Crop rotation significantly affected rice rhizosphere metabolites. An optimal soil 1,2-benzenediol concentration under long-term RRR rotation may be associated with an enhanced NUE and root N uptake and assimilation, resulting in an increased rice growth and yield. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

语种： 英文

作者： 杨勇;田昌;谢桂先;张玉平;宋海星;...

期刊： 湖南农业科学,2019年(1):39-42 ISSN：1006-060X

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,南方粮油作物协同创新中心,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410128;[谢桂先; 荣湘民; 张玉平; 田昌; 杨勇; 宋海星] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 水生植物;生态拦截;生态沟渠

摘要： 采用模拟沟渠试验,研究了9种水生植物吸收氮磷能力的差异,并选择氮磷吸收能力较好品种构建生态沟渠和氧化塘,研究其氮磷吸收效果。结果表明,种植水生植物后模拟沟渠水中氮磷残留量显著减少,美人蕉、狐尾藻、珍珠梅、海寿花和茭白的生物量高,氮磷的吸收量大,其中种植美人蕉和狐尾藻效果最佳。农田排水中氮磷通过生态沟渠水生植物吸收后浓度显著降低;主沟总氮、可溶性氮和总磷浓度平均降低39.6%、40.1%和36.9%;支沟总氮、可溶性氮和总磷浓度可再平均降低6.6%、10.3%和13.6%;氧化塘总氮和总磷浓度可再降低17.7%和13.3%。生态沟渠可有效拦截水体氮磷,具有净化水质的良好生态效益。

语种： 中文

作者： 李旭霞;宋海星;廖琼;沈涛

期刊： 中国农学通报,2018年34(11):81-85 ISSN：1000-6850

作者机构： 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室,土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室,植物营养湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室,长沙410128;[宋海星; 沈涛; 廖琼; 李旭霞] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 纳米膨润土;施氮水平;产量;氮素利用率

摘要： 采用大田试验,研究了不同比例纳米膨润土包膜氮肥及不同施氨水平对晚稻生长、产量和氮素利用率的影响.结果表明:施用纳米膨润土包膜氮肥处理的产量、千粒重、穗粒数等均显著高于空白处理(CK),其中施用氮肥处理比CK处理的产量高出21.53％～28.01％ (P＜ 0.05),不同施氮水平下施用纳米膨润土包膜氮肥对晚稻产量差异有影响,10％纳米膨润土包膜氮肥在不减氮、减氮20％及减氮30％时,产量分别为7178.54、7220.28、7236.95 kg/hm2,与常规氮肥处理(7095.21 kg/hm2)相比,增加了1.17％、1.76％和1.99％,差异均不显著(P＞0.05),15％纳米膨润土包膜氮肥不减氮时产量为7270.30 kg/hm2,增加2.47％(P＞ 0.05),减氮20％～30％时减产0.12％～3.17％(P＞0.05);施用纳米膨润土包膜氮肥的处理,结实率均低于常规氮肥处理,差异不显著(P＞0.05);纳米膨润土包膜氮肥在减氮条件下,SPAD值无显著差异(P＞0.05).成熟期籽粒中氮素累积量,施氮肥处理极显著高于不施肥处理,且以15％纳米膨润土包膜氮肥减氮20％时氮素积累量最高(68.92 kg N/hm2);纳米膨润土包膜氮肥的氮肥利用率(49.3％～67.1％)高于常规氮肥处理(46.5％) 2.8％～20.6％,氮肥利用率均有所增加,综合产量、结实率和氮肥利用率等考虑,10％纳米膨润土减氮20％的效果更佳.

语种： 中文

作者： Zhang, Zhen-hua;Zhou, Ting;Liao, Qiong;Yao, Jun-yue;Liang, Gui-hong;...

期刊： BMC Plant Biology,2018年18(1):1-18 ISSN：1471-2229

通讯作者： Hua, Ying-peng

作者机构： [Zhang, Zhen-hua; Yao, Jun-yue; Liao, Qiong; Liang, Gui-hong; Zhou, Ting; Song, Hai-xing; Hua, Ying-peng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guan, Chun-yun] Natl Ctr Oilseed Crop Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Hua, Ying-peng] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Allotetraploid rapeseed;Genomic selection;BnamiR827-BnaNLA1s-BnaNRT1.7 s;Nitrogen limitation adaptation;Nitrogen use efficiency;Transcriptional profiling

摘要： Nitrogen (N) is a macronutrient that is essential for optimal plant growth and seed yield. Allotetraploid rapeseed (AnAnCnCn, 2n = 4x = 38) has a higher requirement for N fertilizers whereas exhibiting a lower N use efficiency (NUE) than cereal crops. N limitation adaptation (NLA) is pivotal for enhancing crop NUE and reducing N fertilizer use in yield production. Therefore, revealing the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying NLA is urgent for the genetic improvement of NUE in rapeseed and other crop species with complex genomes. In this study, we integrated physiologic, genomic and transcriptomic analyses to comprehensively characterize the adaptive strategies of oilseed rape to N limitation stresses. Under N limitations, we detected accumulated anthocyanin, reduced nitrate (NO3−) and total N concentrations, and enhanced glutamine synthetase activity in the N-starved rapeseed plants. High-throughput transcriptomics revealed that the pathways associated with N metabolism and carbon fixation were highly over-represented. The expression of the genes that were involved in efficient N uptake, translocation, remobilization and assimilation was significantly altered. Genome-wide identification and molecular characterization of the microR827-NLA1-NRT1.7 regulatory circuit indicated the crucial role of the ubiquitin-mediated post-translational pathway in the regulation of rapeseed NLA. Transcriptional analysis of the module genes revealed their significant functional divergence in response to N limitations between allotetraploid rapeseed and the model Arabidopsis. Association analysis in a rapeseed panel comprising 102 genotypes revealed that BnaC5.NLA1 expression was closely correlated with the rapeseed low-N tolerance. We identified the physiologic and genome-wide transcriptional responses of oilseed rape to N limitation stresses, and characterized the global members of the BnamiR827-BnaNLA1s-BnaNRT1.7s regulatory circuit. The transcriptomics-assisted gene co-expression network analysis accelerates the rapid identification of central members within large gene families of plant species with complex genomes. These findings would enhance our comprehensive understanding of the physiologic responses, genomic adaptation and transcriptomic alterations of oilseed rape to N limitations and provide central gene resources for the genetic improvement of crop NLA and NUE.

语种： 英文