摘要：
Cis -13, 16-docosadienoic acid (DDA) is an omega -6 polyunsaturated fatty acid with great potential for application in medicine and health. Using microbial cell factories for DDA production is considered a viable alternative to extracting DDA from plant seeds. In this study, using Yarrowia lipolytica Po1f ( Delta ku70) as a chassis, firstly, the adaptation of three elongases in Po1f ( Delta ku70) were explored. Secondly, the DDA biosynthetic pathway was redesigned, resulting in a DDA content of 0.046 % of total fatty acids (TFAs). Thirdly, through the " push-pull " strategy, the DDA content increased to 0.078 % of TFAs. By enhancing the supply of acetyl-CoA, the DDA production in the engineered strain YL-7 reached 0.391 % of the TFAs (3.19 mg/L). Through optimizing the fermentation conditions, the DDA titer of YL-7 reached 29.34 mg/L. This research achieves the sustainable biological production of DDA in Y. lipolytica .
通讯机构：
[Chen, H ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Adm & Law, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Mobile internet use;Middle-aged and elderly people;Self-rated health;Internet
摘要：
The rapid development of digital technology has radically changed people's lives. Simultaneously, as the population is rapidly aging, academic research is focusing on the use of Internet technology to improve middle-aged and older people's health, particularly owing to the popularity of mobile networks, which has further increased the population's accessibility to the Internet. However, related studies have not yet reached a consensus. Herein, empirical analysis of the influence of mobile Internet use on the subjective health and chronic disease status of individuals in their Middle Ages and above was conducted utilizing ordered logit, propensity score matching (PSM), and ordered probit models with data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis and reference for exploring technological advances to empower the development of a healthy Chinese population and to advance the process of healthy aging. The health of middle-aged and older adults mobile Internet users was greatly improved, according to our findings. Further, the use of mobile Internet by these persons resulted in improvements to both their self-assessed health and the state of their chronic diseases. As per the findings of the heterogeneity analysis, the impact of mobile Internet use was shown to be more pronounced on the well-being of middle-aged persons aged 45-60 years compared to those aged ≥ 60 years. Further, the endogeneity test revealed that the PSM model could better eliminate bias in sample selection. The results suggest that the estimates are more robust after eliminating endogeneity, and that failure to disentangle sample selectivity bias would overestimate not only the facilitating effect of mobile Internet use on the self-assessed health impacts of middle-aged and older adults, but also the ameliorating effect of mobile Internet use on the chronic diseases of middle-aged and older adults. The results of the mechanistic analysis suggest that social engagement is an important mediating mechanism between mobile Internet use and the health of middle-aged and older adults. This implies that mobile Internet use increases opportunities for social participation among middle-aged and older adults, thereby improving their health.
摘要：
Motivating the agricultural industry to engage in digital transformation is a challenge academically and socially. It is of great significance to study the choice of digital transformation mode of agricultural industrial organization and analyze its driving factors for promoting the sustainable development of agricultural industrial organization. This study adopts a bilateral evolutionary game to construct a decision-making model for behavioral decision-making during the digital transformation of the agricultural industry. The contingent-actual logical framework and multiple case studies of Yunnan highland agriculture are used to explore the impact of various factors on behavioral decision-making during the digital transformation of the agricultural industry. Additionally, a simulation analysis is used to verify the validity of the bilateral evolutionary game model. The results demonstrate that: (1) When the agricultural industry chooses "active transformation," behavioral decision-making during the digital transformation of the agricultural industry reaches a Nash equilibrium; (2) transformation costs, industry revenue, and reward and penalty mechanisms are the main driving factors for whether or not the agricultural industry chooses to actively engage in digital transformation; and (3) the probability of active digital transformation increases when agricultural industry organizations obtain higher returns at lower costs. Simultaneously, the higher the government's incentives, the greater the enthusiasm. However, when the penalty is excessive, the digital transformation takes the shape of either passive transformation or forced active transformation. Subsequently, it is necessary to improve the digital transformation planning of the agricultural industry, strengthen this field's cooperation mechanism, and formulate a reasonable reward and penalty system for digital transformation.
关键词：
fine mapping;hybrid seed shattering;Oryza glaberrima;rice
摘要：
Seed shattering is an adaptive feature of seed dispersal in wild rice, and it is also an important agronomic trait affecting yield. Reduced seed shattering was a significant progress during rice domestication. However, the evolutionary pathway and molecular mechanism of hybrid seed shattering remain largely unknown. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the regulation of hybrid seed shattering, HS4, a locus conferring hybrid seed shattering between Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima, was identified and fine mapped to a 13.5-kb genomic region containing two putative genes during the development of chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs). Expression analysis indicated that the hybrid seed shattering was not related to the expression of HS4. Preliminary research on the molecular mechanism of HS4-mediated hybrid seed shattering indicated that HS4(HJX74) and HS4(HP61) may form a multimer in heterozygotes, achieving the original function of a trihelix transcription factor through protein interaction. The identification and characterization of HS4 in this study not only provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying hybrid seed shattering, but also provides a potential target for genome editing to reduce the difficulty of hybridization between the two species, facilitating hybrid breeding and increasing yield in rice.
摘要：
Herbicides are the primary pesticides that can easily pollute water bodies, attracting significant attention from researchers regarding the effective removal of herbicide residues from the water environment. In this study, a beta-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide (beta-CD-BTCA-rGO) aerogel was prepared following the self-assembly hydrothermal method using 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as crosslinkers. The self-assembly process involved the cross-linking of "soft" beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) with "hard" graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, forming a stable beta-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogel. The prepared beta-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogel demonstrated excellent adsorption performance. The adsorption capacities were 62.3 and 46.8 mg/g for sulfentrazone and quinclorac, respectively, surpassing the traditional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogel and citric acid cross-linked (beta-CD-CA-rGO) aerogel. Correspondingly, its adsorption capacity for quinclorac was 1.8 times and 12 times that of rGO aerogel and beta-CD-CA-rGO aerogel, respectively. Quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) level, utilizing the Fukui function to predict chemical reaction sites, indicated that BTCA, as crosslinkers, formed stable chemical bonds (ester bonds) with GO through hydroxyl and carboxyl surface functional groups, leading to the formation of stable porous aerogels. Furthermore, the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) energy gap was quantitatively measured for various adsorption mechanisms, revealing that electrostatic adsorption was the main force of the adsorption on the aerogels. The beta-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogels prepared in this study demonstrated economic feasibility as adsorbents and exhibited good reproducibility. Consequently, beta-CD-BTCA-rGO aerogels hold promising application prospects in the remediation of pesticide pollution in water systems.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY,2024年15:1453272 ISSN：1664-3224
作者机构：
[Huang, Pengcheng; Deng, Wuquan] Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, Chongqing University, China;[Hou, De-Xing] Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan;[Wang, Qiang] Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China;[Chen, Hong] Sichuan Agricultural University, China;[Ding, Zhaoyun] National University of Defense Technology, China
关键词：
bioactive compounds;Inflammation;mechanisms of action;lifestyle interventions;Gut microbes
摘要：
Squalene is an important triterpene with a wide range of applications. Given the growing market demand for squalene, the development of microbial cell factories capable of squalene production is considered a sustainable method. This study aimed to investigate the squalene production potential of Yarrowia lipolytica. First, HMG-CoA reductase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and squalene synthase from Y. lipolytica was co-overexpressed in Y. lipolytica. Second, by enhancing the supply of NADPH in the squalene synthesis pathway, the production of squalene in Y. lipolytica was effectively increased. Furthermore, by constructing an isoprenol utilization pathway and overexpressing YlDGA1, the strain YLSQ9, capable of producing 868.1 mg/L squalene, was obtained. Finally, by optimizing the fermentation conditions, the highest squalene concentration of 1628.2 mg/L (81.0 mg/g DCW) in Y. lipolytica to date was achieved. This study demonstrated the potential for achieving high squalene production using Y. lipolytica.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Y ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Publ Adm & Law, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Humanities & Management, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
hierarchical medical system;population health;Self-assessed health;chronic disease status;Primary Care
摘要：
Introduction: The implementation of a hierarchical medical system holds significant practical importance in advancing the Healthy China strategy and elevating the overall health status of the population of China. Methods: This article empirically examines the influence of the implementation of a hierarchical medical system on the health of the population using the latest 2020 China Family Panel Studies database. Furthermore, it investigates the variability of this impact across distinct health insurance participation statuses and literacy groups. Results: The findings of the study demonstrate that the implementation of the hierarchical medical system substantially enhances the health of the population, not only in terms of self-assessed health but also through a notable positive effect on alleviating chronic diseases. These results maintain their validity even after conducting robustness tests utilizing a replacement estimation model. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the impact of the hierarchical medical system on the population’s health status exhibits significant variation concerning health insurance participation and literacy. Specifically, regarding health insurance participation, the hierarchical medical system effectively improves both self-assessed health and chronic disease status among the insured population. However, for those not enrolled in health insurance, the hierarchical medical system only demonstrates improvement in chronic disease status, with insignificant results observed in enhancing self-assessed health status. Moreover, propensity score matching (PSM) was also used to address endogeneity problems resulting from sample selectivity bias. The findings demonstrate that endogeneity issues can be suitably addressed by the PSM model. Additionally, they point out that an overestimation of the impact of the hierarchical medical system on the population’s self-assessed health state would result from failing to take sample selectivity bias into account. On the other hand, it will lead to the underestimation of the effect of the hierarchical medical system on the status of chronic diseases. Discussion: Moving forward, steadfast efforts should be directed toward further enhancing the implementation of the hierarchical medical system. This includes the comprehensive promotion and using the pivotal role of the hierarchical medical system in improving the health of the population.
作者机构：
[Yu, Huan; Chen, Hong; Li, Ni; Xiao, Hua-Yan; Chen, Gong; Huang, Guo-Hua] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County, Huaihua, Hunan, China;[Yang, Chang-Jin] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County, Huaihua, Hunan, China
通讯机构：
[Gong Chen; Guo-Hua Huang] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
摘要：
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
<jats:p>
The pathogenicity of a virus to a specific host species is an inerratic and describable ability of a virus to cause infection but is generally shaped by a variety of abiotic and biotic factors. In this investigation, the variations in pathogenicity of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) to five noctuid pests were assessed based on mass spectrometry analysis on the virion compositions. Twenty-nine common HvAV-3h proteins were shared across all hosts, and different flexible proteins were identified in the virions of each specific host. Different host proteins were identified as HvAV-3h virion-associated proteins, including different detoxification enzyme proteins. Furthermore, a relatively fixed relationship between viral replication and changes in host detoxification enzyme activity caused by deficiencies in various viral structural proteins was found in the host larvae using a correlation matrix analysis: the host larval carboxylesterase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases generally had highly similar responses to the viruses blocked by different structural proteins’ antisera and their effects on viral DNA replication. Different interaction patterns for the virion structural proteins were found in different host larvae-produced virions, and the interactions between
<jats:italic>Spodoptera litura</jats:italic>
glutathione S-transferases and viral structural proteins were confirmed. The different host responses after viral infection could be the reason for the changes in viral pathogenicity, while the virus responses gradually adapted to the different hosts and there were flexible changes in the virion structures.
</jats:p>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>IMPORTANCE</jats:title>
<jats:p>Different pathogenic processes of a virus in different hosts are related to the host individual differences, which makes the virus undergoes different survival pressures. Here, we found that the virions of an insect virus, Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h), had different protein composition when they were purified from different host larval species. These “adaptive changes” of the virions were analyzed in detail in this study, which mainly included the differences of the protein composition of virions and the differences in affinity between virions and different host proteins. The results of this study revealed the flexible changes of viruses to help themselves adapt to different hosts. Also, these interesting findings can provide new insights to improve our understanding of virus adaptability and virulence differentiation caused by the adaptation process.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
通讯机构：
[Liu, ZQ ] ;South China Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Plant Mol Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;South China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobio, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
摘要：
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Understanding the evolutionary forces in speciation is a central goal in evolutionary biology. Asian cultivated rice has two subspecies, <jats:italic>indica</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>japonica</jats:italic>, but the underlying mechanism of the partial reproductive isolation between them remains obscure. Here we show a presence-absence variation (PAV) at the <jats:italic>Se</jats:italic> locus functions as an <jats:italic>indica-japonica</jats:italic> reproductive barrier by causing hybrid sterility (HS) in <jats:italic>indica-japonica</jats:italic> crosses. The locus comprises two adjacent genes: <jats:italic>ORF3</jats:italic> encodes a sporophytic pollen killer, whereas <jats:italic>ORF4</jats:italic> protects pollen in a gametophytic manner. In F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> of <jats:italic>indica-japonica</jats:italic> crosses, pollen with the <jats:italic>japonica</jats:italic> haplotype, which lacks the sequence containing the protective <jats:italic>ORF4</jats:italic>, is aborted due to the pollen-killing effect of <jats:italic>ORF3</jats:italic> from <jats:italic>indica</jats:italic>. Evolutionary analysis suggests <jats:italic>ORF3</jats:italic> is a gene associated with the Asian cultivated rice species complex, and the PAV has contributed to the reproductive isolation between the two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. Our analyses provide perspectives on rice inter-subspecies post-zygotic isolation, and will promote efforts to overcome reproductive barriers in <jats:italic>indica-japonica</jats:italic> hybrid rice breeding.</jats:p>
关键词：
Township health center;exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis;healthcare service capacity;quantile regression;unexpected output superefficiency SBM
摘要：
<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>This study analyzes the efficiency, spatiotemporal evolution, and influencing factors of provincial township health centers' healthcare service capacity in China.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>It utilizes an unexpected output super-efficiency slacks-based measure (SBM) model, exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis methods, and a quantile regression model.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The results show that the healthcare service capacity of township health centers is better in provinces with a larger proportion of hierarchical diagnoses and treatments pilot projects in cities, and the regional efficiency trend is ordered central &gt; eastern &gt; western &gt; northeastern. The healthcare service capacity of provincial township health centers mainly shows significant spatial correlation and a spatiotemporal distribution pattern of “high agglomeration, low differentiation.”</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>Rural population density and per capita GDP significantly improve the healthcare service capacity of township health centers, while local governments' healthcare and health expenditure increases the healthcare service capacity of township health centers in certain quantiles. The urbanization rate and per capita disposable income inhibit the improvement of the healthcare service capacity of township health centers in certain quantiles. The provinces should accelerate the promotion of hierarchical diagnoses and treatment pilot projects in cities and establish national cooperative development models to promote public health.</jats:p></jats:sec>
