作者机构：
[Li, Ya-Qi; Ma, Ping-Ping; Mu, Wen-Jie; Liu, Zhong-Li; Wang, S; Zhang, Yue-Yue; Zhang, Long; Zou, Yang; Wang, Shuai; Chen, Li-Xian] Lanzhou Univ, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, State Key Lab Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Acad Agr Sci,Coll Vet Med, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Ping-Ping; Liu, Guo-Hua] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Parasites Vectors, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, S ] L;[Liu, GH ] H;Lanzhou Univ, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, State Key Lab Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Acad Agr Sci,Coll Vet Med, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Parasites Vectors, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Trichomonads;Prevalence;Non-human primates
摘要：
Trichomonads are protozoan symbionts with the capacity to infect vertebrates including humans and non-human primates (NHPs), sometimes with pathogenic effects. However, their diversity and prevalence in NHPs in China are poorly understood. A total of 533 fecal samples were collected from captive NHPs in Yunnan Province, China, of which 461 samples from Macaca fascicularis and 72 from Macaca mulatta. Trichomonadidae species were identified using PCR amplification of the ITS-1/5.8S/ITS-2 sequences. The overall prevalence of trichomonads in NHPs was determined to be 11.4% (61/533), with gender, diarrhea, and region identified as potential risk factors for the infections. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis identified three species of trichomonads, i.e., Trichomitopsis minor (n = 45), Pentatrichomonas hominis (n = 11), and Tetratrichomonas sp. (n = 5). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report Trichomitopsis minor infection in NHPs in China. Of note, Pentatrichomonas hominis is generally recognized as a parasitic organism affecting humans. Collectively, our results suggest that NHPs are potential sources of zoonotic trichomonad infections, highlighting the importance of surveillance and control measures to protect human and animal populations.
摘要：
Cytochrome P450s play critical roles in the metabolic resistance of insecticides in insects. Previous findings showed that enhanced P450 activity was an important mechanism mediating indoxacarb resistance, and multiple P450 genes were upregulated in indoxacarb resistant strains of Spodoptera litura. However, the functions of these P450 genes in insecticide resistance remain unknown. Here, the P450 inhibitor PBO effectively decreased the resistance of S. litura to indoxacarb. Ten upregulated P450 genes were characterized, all of which were overexpressed in response to indoxacarb induction. Knockdown of nine P450 genes decreased cell viability against indoxacarb, and further silencing of three genes (CYP339A1, CYP340G2, CYP321A19) in larvae enhanced the sensitivity to indoxacarb. Transgenic overexpression of these three genes increased resistance to indoxacarb in Drosophila melanogaster. Moreover, molecular modeling and docking predicted that these three P450 proteins could bind tightly to indoxacarb and N-decarbomethoxylated metabolite (DCJW). Interestingly, these three P450 genes may also mediate cross-resistance to chlorantraniliprole, λ-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid. Additionally, heterologous expression and metabolic assays confirmed that three recombinant P450s could effectively metabolize indoxacarb and DCJW. This study strongly demonstrates that multiple overexpressed mitochondrial and microsomal P450 genes were involved in insecticide resistance in S. litura.
关键词：
functional-structure plant modeling (FSPM);mechanized planting;micro-light climate;Chinese solar greenhouse;GroIMP
摘要：
Understanding the spatial heterogeneity of light and photosynthesis distribution within a canopy is crucial for optimizing plant growth and yield, especially in the context of greenhouse structures. In previous studies, we developed a 3D functional-structural plant model (FSPM) of the Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG) and tomato plants, in which the greenhouse was reconstructed as a 3D mockup and implemented in the virtual scene. This model, which accounts for various environmental factors, allows for precise calculations of radiation, temperature, and photosynthesis at the organ level. This study focuses on elucidating optimal canopy configurations for mechanized planting in greenhouses, building upon the commonly used north-south (N-S) orientation by exploring the east-west (E-W) orientation. Investigating sixteen scenarios with varying furrow distance (1 m, 1.2 m, 1.4 m, 1.6 m) and row spacing (0.3 m, 0.4 m, 0.5 m, 0.6 m), corresponding to 16 treatments of plant spacing, four planting patterns (homogeneous row, double row, staggered row, incremental row) and two orientations were investigated. The results show that in Shenyang city, an E-W orientation with the path width = 0.5 (furrow distance + row distance) = 0.8 m (homogeneous row), and a plant distance of 0.32 m, is the optimal solution for mechanized planting at a density of 39,000 plants/ha. Our findings reveal a nuanced understanding of how altering planting configurations impacts the light environment and photosynthesis rate within solar greenhouses. Looking forward, these insights not only contribute to the field of CSG mechanized planting, but also provide a basis for enhanced CSG planting management. Future research could further explore the broader implications of these optimized configurations in diverse geographic and climatic conditions.
摘要：
This letter proposes a novel relaxation linear regression with spectral–spatial constrained locality adaptive regularization (SSLA‐RLR) method for HSI classification. The SSLA‐RLR method not only integrates the locality adaptive graph with relaxation linear regression to adaptively exploit the local geometrical structure for relieving the side effects of noise corruptions, but also takes the spatial correlations between each data point and its neighbours into consideration via spectral–spatial constraint. Abstract Recently, relaxation linear regression has received increasing attention in image analysis. However, the current relaxation linear regression methods fail to consider the local geometrical structure and spatial information while they are applied for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. To address the above problems, this letter proposes a novel relaxation linear regression with spectral–spatial constrained locality adaptive regularization (SSLA‐RLR) method for HSI classification. The SSLA‐RLR method not only integrates the locality adaptive graph with relaxation linear regression to adaptively exploit the local geometrical structure for relieving the side effects of noise corruptions, but also takes the spatial correlations between each data point and its neighbours into consideration via spectral–spatial constraint. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on three benchmark HSI datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY,2024年14:1289795 ISSN：1664-3224
通讯作者：
Zhu, Ying;Liu, S
作者机构：
[Zhu, Ying; Liu, Shi; Xu, Ke; Zhou, Li; Yu, Chen; Yan, Huan; Liu, S; Ma, Caijiao; Luo, Chuanjin; Zhu, Y; Nie, Longyu; Zhu, Qingmei] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Virol Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Modern Virol Res Ctr, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Lu, Zhibing; Liu, S; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Zhibing; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Zhongnan Hosp, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Qiming; Liu, S] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Fubing; Liu, S] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, S ; Zhu, Y] W;Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Virol Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Modern Virol Res Ctr, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
HCC;MVP;STAT6;TAMs;TME;polarization
摘要：
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critical in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Major vault protein (MVP) mediates multidrug resistance, cell growth and development, and viral immunity. However, the relationship between MVP and TAMs polarization has not been clarified in HCC. We found that MVP significantly increased M2-TAMs infiltration levels in tumor tissues of HCC patients. MVP promoted HCC proliferation, metastasis, and invasion by regulating M2 polarization in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, MVP associated with signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and enhanced STAT6 phosphorylation. STAT6 translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus and regulated M2 macrophage-associated gene transcription. These findings suggest that MVP modulates the macrophage M2 transcriptional program, revealing its potential role in the TAMs of TME.
摘要：
Addressing the problems of high seed-breaking ratio and difficult seed-shell separation in the current mechanical deshelling of Camellia Oleifera fruit (COF), this work innovatively proposed a strategy of low-temperature airflow-drying cracking coupling with flexible mechanical deshelling. The cracking ratio of COF reached 100% after airflow-drying at 20-50 degrees C for 4-10 h. Moreover, the tissue structure of the Camellia shell remained unchanged after airflow drying. The mechanical shelling ratio of cracked fruits (cracking gap 6 mm) reached 98.37%, and the shells present as integrated lamelliform for facilitating later sorting. The results of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and shrinkage equation showed that the free water of outer layers in the Camellia shell evaporated first, then the free water of inner layers transferred to outer layers to further evaporate, creating a moisture gradient and moisture stress to cause the shrinkage of shell and cracking of COF.
摘要：
Pruning and compression of models are practical approaches for deploying and applying deep convolutional neural networks in scenarios with limited memory and computational resources. To mitigate the impact of pruning on model accuracy and enhance the stability of pruning (defined as the negligible drop in test accuracy immediately following pruning), an algorithm for reward-penalty decoupling is introduced in this study to achieve automated sparse training and channel pruning. During sparse training, the influence of unimportant channels is automatically identified and reduced, thereby preserving the ability of the important channels for feature recognition. First, by utilizing the gradient information learned through network backpropagation, the feature scaling factors of the batch normalization layers are combined with the gradient to determine the importance threshold for the network channels. Subsequently, a two-stage sparse training algorithm is proposed based on the reward-penalty decoupling strategy, applying different loss function strategies to the feature scaling factors of "important" and "unimportant" channels during decoupled sparse training. This approach has been experimentally validated across various tasks, baselines, and datasets, demonstrating its superiority over the previous state-of-the-art methods. The results indicate that the effect of pruning on model accuracy is significantly alleviated by the proposed method, and pruned models require only limited fine-tuning to achieve excellent performance.
摘要：
Background and aims Sustainable rice production is crucial for addressing food security and mitigating climate change. Optimizing irrigation techniques that strike a balance between rice yields and carbon sequestration has gained significant attention. Intermittent irrigation has been considered a compromise between these two factors. However, uncertainties persist regarding the impact of intermittent irrigation on ratoon rice cultivation. Methods To address this, we conducted field experiments to investigate the influence of intermittent irrigation on rice yield and CO2/CH4 emissions in ratoon rice systems at Qianshanhong Farm, located in Yiyang, Hunan Province, China. We utilized a portable greenhouse gas analyzer from Los Gatos Research (LGR) alongside the closed chamber method to measure gas fluxes accurately. The experiments were conducted on Huanghuazhan rice cultivar, with each plot encompassing 45 m(2). The experiments included intermittent irrigation treatment and conventional flooded irrigation treatment as a control. Results The study found that the ecosystem respiration (ER), heterotrophic soil respiration (HR), Gross primary productivity (GPP), Plant autotrophic respiration (PR), and total accumulated CH4 emissions from the ecosystem (E-CH4) of ratoon rice decreased owing to intermittent irrigation. Intermittent irrigation increased rice yield and biomass by 6.04% and 3.88%, respectively, but the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). However, ratoon rice exhibited increased Net ecosystem photosynthetic exchange (NEE), Net primary productivity (NPP), and Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) after intermittent irrigation. Furthermore, there was a 57.78% reduction in the global warming potential (GWP) of the sum CO2-eq of CO2 and CH4 flux throughout the intermittent irrigation period. Conclusions Intermittent irrigation of ratoon rice decreased C release from the rice ecosystem while maintaining yields, therefore this approach is recommended.
作者机构：
[Shang, Min; Shang, M] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Tian, Ze'an] Hunan Univ, Coll Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China.;[Tian, Ze'an] Guizhou Univ, Sch Big Data & Informat Engn, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Liang] Peac Inst Multiscale Sci, Chengdu 610207, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shang, M ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
We systematically study the plasticity and melting behavior in shock loading, as well as their dependence on porosity (phi) and specific surface area (gamma) for nanoporous copper (NPC), by conducting large-scale non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. During shock compression, the plasticity (i.e., dislocation slips) is dominant at lower impact velocities, while melting is governing at higher impact velocities. With increasing phi, both the plasticity and melting undergo the transitions from "heterogeneity" to "homogeneity" along the transverse directions. The increase in gamma prompts an apparent heat release and gives rise to the transition from local plasticity to uniform solid disordering at lower impact velocities, while accelerates the melting at higher impact velocities, by converting more surface energy into internal energy. Upon impact, shock-induced pores collapse accelerates the consolidation of NPCs and is controlled by two mechanisms, i.e., the shearing ligament, prompted by plasticity, under low-velocity impact, and the internal micro-jetting facilitated by melting under high-velocity impact.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Heat stress (HS) damages the intestines, disrupting gut microbiota and immune balance. L-Theanine (LTA), found in tea, alleviates oxidative stress and cell apoptosis under HS; however, its effects on gut microbiota and immunity under HS remain unclear. To investigate this, we administered LTA doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg center dot kg(-1)center dot d(-1) to C57BL/6J mice. On day 44, the model group and LTA intervention group were subjected to continuous 7-day HS treatment for 2 h per day. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that LTA intervention improved food intake, body weight, and intestinal epithelium, and reduced the water intake of heat-stressed mice. It increased the abundance of Turicibacter, Faecalibaculum, Bifidobacterium, and norank_f_Muribaculaceae, while reducing that of Lachnoclostridium and Desulfovibrio. LTA intervention also increased the concentrations of amino acid and lipid metabolites, regulated macrophage differentiation stimulated by gut microbiota and metabolites, reduced the antigen presentation by macrophages to the specific immune system, promoted B-cell differentiation and sIgA secretion, inhibited pro-inflammatory factors, and enhanced intestinal defense. Mechanistically, LTA downregulated heat shock protein 70 expression and the TLR4/NF-kappa B/p38 MAPK signaling pathway, restoring gut microbiota and immune balance. CONCLUSION: We suggest that LTA can alleviate HS by modulating gut microbiota, metabolites, and immunity, indicating its potential as a natural active ingredient for anti-HS food products. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
Serine is widely involved in antioxidant synthesis, immune response, and fat metabolism. However, it remains unclear whether dietary serine supplementation affects fat deposition in the skeletal muscles of pigs. Thus, we explored the effects of dietary serine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, and composition of gut microbes and their metabolites in growing–finishing pigs. Forty-eight boars weighing approximately 20 kg were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 0.15% serine. The results showed that dietary serine increased the daily weight gain of pigs and improved serum antioxidant capacity as indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde content and increased glutathione and superoxide dismutase content. Pigs supplemented with serine had better meat quality, as shown by the lower drip loss and higher IMF content. Furthermore, dietary serine increased the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus and decreased the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Terrisporobacter. Differential microbial metabolites were mostly enriched in metabolic pathways related to lipid synthesis, such as alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Correlation analysis showed that the altered metabolites were closely related to the intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, our results suggested that serine serves as a potential additive for improving IMF content in growing–finishing pigs.
作者机构：
[Sun, Xiaowu; Chen, Zhongquan; Song, Huijuan; Jiang, Hong; Yang, Hongbo; Yan, Jiali; Dai, Sihui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Key Lab Vegetable Biol Hunan Prov, Engn Res Ctr Germplasm Innovat & New Varieties Bre, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Hongbo] Shaoyang Acad Agr Sci, Shaoyang 422000, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Longjun] Hunan Xuefeng Seed Ind Co Ltd, Shaoyang 422001, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Sun, XW ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Key Lab Vegetable Biol Hunan Prov, Engn Res Ctr Germplasm Innovat & New Varieties Bre, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
de novo organogenesis;regeneration system;histological analysis;winter squash
摘要：
Improving plant regeneration ability and shortening regeneration time can promote the development of genetic transformation breeding technology for horticultural crops. We optimized several culture conditions, including explant type, mother plant genotype, and medium, to improve shoot formation in winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.). Histological analysis of the occurrence of shoots was also carried out. The results indicate that cotyledon was the most suitable explant for inducing the shoot regeneration of winter squash. We found that 'Jin-li' had a shorter shoot induction time and a higher average number of shoots. The highest induction rate of 95.23% among the five lines. The average shoot induction rate of five lines was the highest (84.85%) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 0.2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). We also found that there was an interaction between genotypes and induction media, and their interaction had a greater impact on the shoot induction rate than individual effects. Histological observation revealed that the induced shoots of winter squash cotyledons originated from subepidermal cells. We also found that the optimal medium for de novo root regeneration was 1/2 MS. We acclimatized and cultivated regenerated plants and harvested their fruits, which maintained the characteristics of mother plants. These findings lay an important foundation for further research on direct shoot regeneration and accelerate its application in winter squash genetic transformation.
关键词：
Land green use efficiency;digital transformation;Resource-based cities;"Broadband China" policy;Stochastic frontier analysis
摘要：
Introduction: Improving land use efficiency is a necessary way to promote sustainable urban development. The objective of this study is to examine the issue of land green use efficiency (LGUE) in resource-based cities and analyze the impact of digital transformation on LGUE. The research utilizes data from 113 resource-based cities in China spanning from 2008 to 2020. Methodology: Firstly, using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to measure LGUE in China cities, this paper investigates the spatial and temporal evolution of LGUE in different cities. Then, this paper explores the impact of digital transformation on the LGUE of resource-based cities based on the broadband China policy using the DID method. Findings: According to the data measured by the SFA, it is found that resource-based cities are 20.4% lower than non-resource-based cities. An in-depth study found that digital transformation significantly improves LGUE, and the effect is greater in resource-based cities, which is a powerful tool to solve the difficulty of LGUE in resource-based cities. Specifically, digital transformation helps to improve the LGUE of resource-based cities enhance by technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading, and alleviating land factor mismatch. Discussion: It is not only necessary to guide and encourage the in-depth integration of traditional industries with digital technology to enhance the digital transformation of resource-based cities, but also to continuously optimize the allocation of land resources between regions and narrow the gap in LGUE between cities.
通讯机构：
[Shen, QW; Quan, W ] H;Henan Univ Anim Husb & Econ, Sch Food Sci & Bioengn, 6 Longzihu North Rd, Zhengzhou 450046, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
western dietary patterns;behavioral health disorders;red meat;refined grain;depression
摘要：
Western dietary patterns (WDP) and typical food groups may play a major role in the risk of behavioral health disorders. Nevertheless, the relationships between WDP, common food categories, and mental health disorders lack consistency and remain incompletely understood in relation to potential mechanisms. Therefore, the objective of the present study was conducted to synthesize available evidence linking WDP and typical food groups to these outcomes. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were searched up to August 2023. Random effect meta-analyses were performed to obtain pooled odds ratio and the relative risk for the prevalence of outcomes and the incidence of outcomes, respectively. A total of 54 articles were included. WDP was associated with increased risk of both depression (1.19; 95% CI: 1.06-1.32) and depressive symptoms (1.20; 95% CI: 1.08-1.34). Except for high-fat dairy products, food groups are associated with an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and depressive symptoms. This review presents evidence to further understand the relationship between WDP, typical food groups, and the incidence of behavioral health disorders, and more randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are urgently required to confirm these findings and elucidate potential mechanisms.
摘要：
Inflammatory bowel disease, a disease featured by intestinal epithelial barrier destruction and dysfunction, has been a constant threat to animal health. The primary objective of this research was to assess the impact of the extract derived from lotus leaves (LLE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced damage to the intestines in mice, as well as to investigate the fundamental mechanism involved. The LLE was prepared using ultrasonic extraction in this experiment, and the LLE total flavonoid content was 117.02 ± 10.73 mg/g. The LLE had strong antioxidant activity in vitro, as assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) methods. In the vivo experiment, different doses of LLE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were administered for 2 weeks before LPS treatment in mice. The results revealed that LLE alleviates intestinal tissue damage in LPS-induced mice. In the jejunum tissue, LLE significantly upregulated mRNA and protein expression levels of tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1, and decreased the contents of the inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Furthermore, the malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase contents increased by LPS in the liver were significantly reduced after administration of LLE, and the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione decreased by LPS were remarkably increased by LLE. It was found that LLE could relieve LPS-induced oxidative stress by upregulating mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in jejunum tissue. In conclusion, LLE alleviates LPS-induced intestinal damage through regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway to alleviate oxidative stress, reducing inflammatory factors and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in mice.
通讯机构：
[Wu, T ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Whampoa Innovat Res Inst, Coll Hort, Yuelushan Lab, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Minist Agr & Rural Affairs China, Key Lab Evaluat & Utilizat Gene Resources Hort Cro, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The fruit neck is an important agronomic trait of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). However, the underlying genes and regulatory mechanisms involved in fruit neck development are poorly understood. We previously identified a cucumber yellow-green peel (ygp) mutant, whose causal gene is MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 36 (CsMYB36). This study showed that the ygp mutant exhibited a shortened fruit neck and repressed cell expansion in the fruit neck. Further functional analysis showed that CsMYB36 was also a target gene, and its expression was enriched in the fruit neck. Overexpression of CsMYB36 in the ygp mutant rescued shortened fruit necks. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays revealed that CsMYB36 positively regulates the expression of an expansin-like A3 (CsEXLA3) in the fruit neck, which is essential for cell expansion. Yeast 1-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays revealed that CsMYB36 regulates fruit neck elongation by directly binding to the promoter of CsEXLA3. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CsMYB36 is an important gene in the regulation of fruit neck length in cucumber plants. A MYB transcription factor regulates cucumber fruit neck elongation by directly binding to the promoter of an expansin-like A3 gene.
摘要：
DNMT3A participates in de novo methylation, yet its impact on the proliferation of testicular Sertoli cells remains unclear. Development-specific methylation has been proven to be associated with cellular development. Therefore, in this study, we simulated DNMT3A expression pattern during testicular development by DNMT3A interference. Then, RRBS and RNA-seq were used to decipher DNMT3A regulatory mechanisms on Sertoli cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of DNMT3A in the Sertoli cells of the prepubertal testis. DNMT3A was demonstrated to inhibit the cell cycle and proliferation of Sertoli cells, while promoting cell apoptosis. After transfected with DNMT3A interference, a total of 560 DEGs and 2,091 DMGs produced by DNMT3A interference were identified between two treated groups, respectively. Integrating the results from RRBS and RNA-seq, the overlapping genes between DMGs and DEGs were found to be enriched in the Gene Ontology (GO) terms related to cellular development and the Apelin signaling pathway. The present study demonstrated the impact of DNMT3A on the proliferation of porcine testicular Sertoli cells, suggesting that DNMT3A primarily acts through the Apelin signaling pathway. These findings provide valuable insights into how DNMT3A influences testicular development and health, offering new perspectives.
作者机构：
[Long, Qingshan; Liu, Qingshu; Tang, Ying] Hunan Inst Microbiol, Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Agr Microbiol Applicat, Changsha 410009, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Wen] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Shanghai Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Chem Drugs & Pharmaceut, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Haibo; Bian, Xiaoying] Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Technol, Helmholtz Inst Biotechnol, Helmholtz Int Lab Antiinfect, Qingdao 266237, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Wu; Chen, W] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, QS ; Chen, W ] H;[Bian, XY ] S;Hunan Inst Microbiol, Hunan Prov Engn Res Ctr Agr Microbiol Applicat, Changsha 410009, Peoples R China.;Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Technol, Helmholtz Inst Biotechnol, Helmholtz Int Lab Antiinfect, Qingdao 266237, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Covering: 2005 to August, 2023Polyamine-containing natural products (NPs) have been isolated from a wide range of terrestrial and marine organisms and most of them exhibit remarkable and diverse activities, including antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antiangiogenic, antitumor, antiviral, iron-chelating, anti-depressive, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, antiobesity, and antioxidant properties. Their extraordinary activities and potential applications in human health and agriculture attract increasing numbers of studies on polyamine-containing NPs. In this review, we summarized the source, structure, classification, bioactivities and biosynthesis of polyamine-containing NPs, focusing on the biosynthetic mechanism of polyamine itself and representative polyamine alkaloids, polyamine-containing siderophores with catechol/hydroxamate/hydroxycarboxylate groups, nonribosomal peptide-(polyketide)-polyamine (NRP-(PK)-PA), and NRP-PK-long chain poly-fatty amine (lcPFAN) hybrid molecules. Polyamine-containing natural products have been isolated from a wide range of terrestrial and marine organisms. Most of them exhibit remarkable and diverse activities with potential applications in human health and agriculture.
摘要：
Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting plant color, and different temperatures have distinct effects on plant leaf color changes. In order to explore the effects of different temperatures on plant color, we measured the physiological characteristics, transcriptome, and metabolome of the pepper leaf yellowing mutant yl1 and its wild type 6421 under different temperature conditions. Results showed that high temperature treatment compared with the normal temperature treatment significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids in yl1. At the same time, a total of 28 carotenoid pathway metabolites were detected under three temperature conditions. Among them, beta-carotene, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin, neoxanthin, lutein, and antheraxanthin were higher in pepper leaves. The expression levels of ZEP, bHLH104, MYB1R1, and MYB1R1-like were significantly increased under high temperature compared with under normal temperature, while the expression level of crtZ-2 and VDE were significantly decreased. Co-expression network analysis showed that VDE was positively correlated with the bHLH71-like and negatively correlated with MYB1R1-like and bHLH104. These results led to significant differences in the amount of zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin accumulated at different temperatures, which may be the reason for the color change of pepper leaves. However, under the normal and low temperature treatment, it is the opposite, resulting in leaf yellowing. This study provides a reference for further research on the mechanism underlying the impact of temperature on carotenoid metabolism in pepper leaves.
