通讯机构：
[Yu-Cheng Jie] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Grass Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) genes play an important role in plant resistance to abiotic stress. However, systematic studies of the response of Boehmeria nivea (ramie) XTH genes (BnXTHs) to cadmium (Cd) stress are lacking. We sought to identify the BnXTH-family genes in ramie through bioinformatics analyses and to investigate their responses to Cd stress. We identified 19 members of the BnXTH gene family from the ramie genome, referred to as BnXTH1-19, among which BnXTH18 and BnXTH19 were located on no chromosomes and the remaining genes were unevenly distributed across 11 chromosomes. The 19 members were divided into four groups, Groups I/II/IIIA/IIIB, according to their phylogenetic relationships, and these groups were supported by analyses of intron-exon structure and conserved motif composition. A highly conserved catalytic site (HDEIDFEFLG) was observed in all BnXTH proteins. Additionally, three gene pairs (BnXTH6-BnXTH16, BnXTH8-BnXTH9, and BnXTH17-BnXTH18) were obtained with a fragment and tandem-repeat event analysis of the ramie genome. An analysis of cisregulatory elements revealed that BnXTH expression might be regulated by multiple hormones and abiotic and biotic stress responses. In particular, 17 cisregulatory elements related to abiotic and biotic stress responses and 11 cisregulatory elements related to hormone responses were identified. We also found that most BnXTH genes responded to Cd stress, and BnXTH1, BnXTH3, BnXTH6, and BnXTH15 were most likely to contribute to the Cd tolerance of ramie, as evidenced by the substantial increases in expression under Cd treatment. Heterologous expression of BnXTH1, BnXTH6, and BnXTH15 significantly enhanced the Cd tolerance of transgenic yeast cells. These results suggest that the BnXTH gene family is involved in Cd stress responses, laying a theoretical foundation for functional studies of BnXTH genes and the innovative breeding of Cd-tolerant ramie.
作者机构：
[夏鑫; 乔航; 孙琪; 刘坤平; 陈香碧; 何寻阳; 胡亚军; 苏以荣] Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha;410125, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing;100049, China;Huanjiang Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi
通讯机构：
[Jun Liu] G;[Yinghui Xiao] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
摘要：
The glyoxalase pathway plays a vital role in the chemical detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) in biological systems. Our previous study suggested that OsGLYI3 may be effective in seed natural aging. In this study, the rice OsGLYI3 gene was cloned and characterized as specifically expressed in the seed. The accelerated aging (AA) treatment results indicated significant roles of OsGLYI3 in seed longevity and vigor, as the seeds of the transgenic lines with overexpressed and knocked-out OsGLYI3 exhibited higher and lower germination, respectively. The AA treatment also increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the overexpressed transgenic seeds compared to the wild-type seeds yet lowered the SOD activity in the CRISPR/Cas9-derived transgenic rice lines. Rice OsGLYI3 was markedly upregulated in response to NaCl induced stress conditions. Compared to wild-type plants, overexpressed transgenic rice lines exhibited increased GLYI activity, decreased MG levels and improved salt stress tolerance, while CRISPR/Cas9 knockout transgenic rice lines showed decreased glyoxalase I activity, increased MG levels, and greater sensitivity to stress treatments with NaCl. Collectively, our results confirmed for the first time that OsGLYI3 is specifically expressed in rice seeds and contributes to seed longevity and salt stress tolerance.
摘要：
To scientifically evaluate and utilize high-oleic acid rape germplasm resources and cultivate new varieties suitable for planting in the Hunan Province, 30 local high-oleic acid rape germplasms from Hunan were used as materials. The 12 personality indices of quality, yield, and resistance were comprehensively evaluated by variability, correlation, principal component, and cluster analyses. The results of variability showed that except for oleic acid, the lowest coefficient of variation was oil content, which was 0.06. Correlation analysis showed that oil content was positively correlated with main traits such as yield per plant and oleic acid, which could be used in the early screening of high-oleic rape germplasm. The results of principal component analysis showed that the 12 personality indicators were integrated into four principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate was 62.487%. The value of comprehensive coefficient 'F' was positively correlated with the first, second, and fourth principal components and negatively correlated with the third principal component. Cluster analysis showed that 30 high-oleic rape germplasms could be divided into four categories consisting of 9 (30%), 6 (20%), 7 (23%), and 8 (27%) high-oleic rape germplasms, each with the characteristics of "high disease resistance", "high yield", "high protein", and "more stability". This study not only provides a reference basis for high-oleic rape breeding but also provides a theoretical basis for their early screening.
摘要：
Methane is a critical greenhouse gas with significant impacts on environmental and global change. However, CH4 cycling processes and coupling mechanisms with the biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and metals in the environment remain elusive. To fill such knowledge gaps, we constructed a manually curated methane cycling database (MCycDB) for comprehensive and accurate analysis of methane cycling microbial communities. MCycDB contains 298 methane cycling gene families covering 10 methane metabolism pathways with 610,208 representative sequences, and associated reference sequences from the NCBI RefSeq database with 48 phyla and 2,197 genera, and five phyla and 100 genera for bacteria and archaea, respectively. Also, homologous groups from public orthology databases were identified and included in MCycDB to reduce false positive assignments. We applied MCycDB to profile methane cycling gene families and associated taxonomic groups from various environments. Gene families involved in methanogenesis were abundant in hot spring sediment and less abundant in freshwater, whereas the ones involved in aerobic oxidation of methane were abundant in permafrost and peatland. This study demonstrates that MCycDB is a useful tool for studying microbially-driven methane cycling processes with high specificity, coverage and accuracy.
通讯机构：
[Qingyun Yan] E;Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Ecology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
期刊：
Trends in Plant Science,2022年27(5):510-511 ISSN：1360-1385
通讯作者：
Cheng Huang
作者机构：
[Xu, Ying; Luo, Hongbing] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Wang, Zhili; Lam, Hon-Ming] Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Huang, Cheng] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Cheng Huang] C;College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
期刊：
Trends in Plant Science,2022年27(11):1187-1188 ISSN：1360-1385
通讯作者：
Man-Wah Li<&wdkj&>Hon-Ming Lam
作者机构：
[Yung, Wai-Shing; Huang, Cheng; Wang, Zhili] Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China;[Huang, Cheng] Maize Engineering Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;[Li, Man-Wah] Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Electronic address: limanwah@cuhk.edu.hk;[Lam, Hon-Ming] Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Electronic address: honming@cuhk.edu.hk
通讯机构：
[Man-Wah Li; Hon-Ming Lam] C;Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
摘要：
Transposons significantly contribute to genome fractions in many plants. Although numerous transposon-related mutations have been identified, the evidence regarding transposon-derived genes regulating crop yield and other agronomic traits is very limited. In this study, we characterized a rice Harbinger transposon-derived gene called PANICLE NUMBER AND GRAIN SIZE (PANDA), which epigenetically coordinates panicle number and grain size. Mutation of PANDA caused reduced panicle number but increased grain size in rice, while transgenic plants overexpressing this gene showed the opposite phenotypic change. The PANDA-encoding protein can bind to the core polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components OsMSI1 and OsFIE2, and regulates the deposition of H3K27me3 in the target genes, thereby epigenetically repressing their expression. Among the target genes, both OsMADS55 and OsEMF1 were negative regulators of panicle number but positive regulators of grain size, partly explaining the involvement of PANDA in balancing panicle number and grain size. Moreover, moderate overexpression of PANDA driven by its own promoter in the indica rice cultivar can increase grain yield. Thus, our findings present a novel insight into the epigenetic control of rice yield traits by a Harbinger transposon-derived gene and provide its potential application for rice yield improvement.
关键词：
gene expression;alternative splicing;Cd accumulation;barley;quantitative trait loci
摘要：
Genetic variation is an important determinant of gene transcription, which in turn contributes to functional and phenotypic diversity. Identification of the genetic variants controlling gene expression and alternative splicing in crops responding to cadmium (Cd), an important issue for food safety and human health, is of great value to improve our understanding of Cd accumulation-related genes. Here we report an in-depth survey of population-level transcriptome variation of barley (Hordeum vulgare) core accessions under Cd exposure. We reveal marked transcriptomic changes in response to Cd exposure, and these are largely independent of tissues. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed 59 498 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and 23 854 splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs), leading to a complex network that covers 66.6% of the expressed genes, including 68 metal transporter genes. On average, 41.0% of sQTLs overlapped with eQTLs across different tissues, indicating that these two dimensions of transcript variation are largely independent. Moreover, we found that 34.5% of GWAS QTLs that underlie 10 Cd accumulation traits in barley are co-localized with eQTLs and sQTLs, which could imply a mechanistic role of different genetic variants affecting gene expression and alternative splicing in these traits. This study highlights the role of distal and proximal genetic effects on gene expression, splicing, and phenotypic plasticity. We anticipate that our results on the genetic control of expression and splicing underlying Cd accumulation provide a bridge to better understand genetic variation and phenotypic diversity to elucidate the mechanisms underlying Cd accumulation in plants.
通讯机构：
[Cheng Wang] E;Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510006, China
作者机构：
[Chen, Yeke; Chen, Danyi; Jiang, Lixi; Zhu, Weizhuo; Wu, Dezhi] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Agron, Key Lab Crop Germplasm Resource Zhejiang Prov, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Tao; Wu, Dezhi] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Zhong-Hua] Western Sydney Univ, Sch Sci, Penrith, NSW, Australia.;[Chen, Zhong-Hua] Western Sydney Univ, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
通讯机构：
[Zhong-Hua Chen] S;[Dezhi Wu] D;School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia<&wdkj&>Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia<&wdkj&>Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China<&wdkj&>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
关键词：
Brassica napus L.;Ecotype;Genome re-sequencing;Guard cell length;Stomatal density
摘要：
Stomatal density and guard cell length of 274 global core germplasms of rapeseed reveal that the stomatal morphological variation contributes to global ecological adaptation and diversification of Brassica napus. Stomata are microscopic structures of plants for the regulation of CO(2) assimilation and transpiration. Stomatal morphology has changed substantially in the adaptation to the external environment during land plant evolution. Brassica napus is a major crop to produce oil, livestock feed and biofuel in the world. However, there are few studies on the regulatory genes controlling stomatal development and their interaction with environmental factors as well as the genetic mechanism of adaptive variation in B. napus. Here, we characterized stomatal density (SD) and guard cell length (GL) of 274 global core germplasms at seedling stage. It was found that among the significant phenotypic variation, European germplasms are mostly winter rapeseed with high stomatal density and small guard cell length. However, the germplasms from Asia (especially China) are semi-winter rapeseed, which is characterized by low stomatal density and large guard cell length. Through selective sweep analysis and homology comparison, we identified several candidate genes related to stomatal density and guard cell length, including Epidermal Patterning Factor2 (EPF2; BnaA09g23140D), Epidermal Patterning Factor Like4 (EPFL4; BnaC01g22890D) and Suppressor of LLP1 (SOL1 BnaC01g22810D). Haplotype and phylogenetic analysis showed that natural variation in EPF2, EPFL4 and SOL1 is closely associated with the winter, spring, and semi-winter rapeseed ecotypes. In summary, this study demonstrated for the first time the relation between stomatal phenotypic variation and ecological adaptation in rapeseed, which is useful for future molecular breeding of rapeseed in the context of evolution and domestication of key stomatal traits and global climate change.
通讯机构：
[Nan Zhou] H;Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
关键词：
Activated peroxydisulfate;Collaborative catalysis;Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycling;Organic pollutants removal;Oxygen-containing functional groups
摘要：
Biochar currently served as the support for dispersed metal nanoparticles and cooperated with pyrite to generate more reactive radicals in organic pollution degradation system. But the mechanism of interaction between biochar and pyrite has not been elucidated. In this paper, biochar with oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs) served as a stable dispersant to prepare nano-FexSy loaded biochar materials (BCOFGs@nano-FexSy). BCOFGs coordinated with nano-FexSy to overcome its drawbacks, boosting QNC removal efficiency from 28.64% to 100%. The XPS and the linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) results revealed higher Fe(II) content and higher electron transfer rate on used BCOFGs@nano-FexSy, further validating that hydroxyl functional groups on biochar surface provided electrons to Fe(III) to achieve efficient Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycling. Based on comparative experiments and studies on the roles of iron, S(II) species and OFGs, we clearly revealed that OFGs on biochar materials surface coordinated with nano-FexSy to catalyze the degradation of QNC. The degradation efficiency of BCOFGs@nano-FexSy for QNC was still as high as 91.39% after five cycles, providing full demonstrations that OFGs and S(II) as the abundant electron donor coordinated with Fe species for QNC catalytic degradation and further enhanced the catalytic performance and stability of nano-FexSy.
作者机构：
[Jan, Habib U.; Guan, Chunyun; Guan, Mei; Xiong, Xinghua; Min, Yao; Huang, Luyao; He, Xin; Qian, Lunwen; Hua, Wei] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Qian, Wei] Southwest Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape Architecture, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.;[Hua, Wei] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Minist Agr, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China.;[Snowdon, Rod J.; Schiessl, Sarah] Justus Liebig Univ, IFZ Res Ctr Biosyst Land Use & Nutr, Dept Plant Breeding, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
关键词：
Brassica napus;Coexpression network;Flowering time;Genome-wide association analysis;Haplotype
摘要：
Flowering is an important turning point from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and vernalization is an essential condition for the flowering of annual winter plants. To investigate the genetic architecture of flowering time in rapeseed, we used the 60 K Brassica Infinium SNP array to perform a genome-wide analysis of haplotype blocks associated with flowering time in 203 Chinese semi-winter rapeseed inbred lines. Twenty-one haplotype regions carrying one or more candidate genes showed a significant association with flowering time. Interestingly, we detected a SNP (Bn-scaff_22728_1-p285715) located in exon 3 of the BnVIN3-C03 gene that showed a significant association with flowering time on chromosome C03. Based on the SNP alleles A and G, two groups of accessions with early and late flowering time phenotypes were selected, respectively, and PCR amplification and gene expression analysis were combined to reveal the structural variation of the BnVIN3-C03 gene that affected flowering time. Moreover, we found that BnVIN3-C03 inhibited the expression of BnFLC-A02, BnFLC-A03.1, BnFLC-A10 and BnFLC-C03.1, thus modulating the flowering time of Brassica napus. This result provides insight into the genetic improvement of flowering time in B. napus.
