作者机构：
[Liu, YS; Zeng, Jianguo; Liu, Yisong; Xiao, Gang; Cheng, Pi; Yang, Yang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Liu, YS; Zeng, Jianguo; Liu, Yisong; Cheng, Pi; Yang, Yang] Chinese Vet Med, Hunan Key Lab, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, YS ; Zeng, JG] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Chinese Vet Med, Hunan Key Lab, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
关键词：
intestinal inflammation;cellular signaling pathway;Chinese herbal compounds;Chinese herbal formulae;gut health
摘要：
Intestinal inflammation is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder with uncertain pathophysiology and causation that has significantly impacted both the physical and mental health of both people and animals. An increasing body of research has demonstrated the critical role of cellular signaling pathways in initiating and managing intestinal inflammation. This review focuses on the interactions of three cellular signaling pathways (TLR4/NF-kappa B, PI3K-AKT, MAPKs) with immunity and gut microbiota to explain the possible pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation. Traditional medicinal drugs frequently have drawbacks and negative side effects. This paper also summarizes the pharmacological mechanism and application of Chinese herbal compounds (Berberine, Sanguinarine, Astragalus polysaccharide, Curcumin, and Cannabinoids) and formulae (Wumei Wan, Gegen-Qinlian decoction, Banxia xiexin decoction) against intestinal inflammation. We show that the herbal compounds and formulae may influence the interactions among cell signaling pathways, immune function, and gut microbiota in humans and animals, exerting their immunomodulatory capacity and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. This demonstrates their strong potential to improve gut inflammation. We aim to promote herbal medicine and apply it to multispecies animals to achieve better health.
通讯机构：
[Zhao-Ying Liu] C;College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
Gelsemium is a medicinal plant that has been used to treat various diseases, but it is also well-known for its high toxicity. Complex alkaloids are considered the main poisonous components in Gelsemium. However, the toxic mechanism of Gelsemium remains ambiguous. In this work, network pharmacology and experimental verification were combined to systematically explore the specific mechanism of Gelsemium toxicity. The alkaloid compounds and candidate targets of Gelsemium, as well as related targets of excitotoxicity, were collected from public databases. The crucial targets were determined by constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to explore the bioprocesses and signaling pathways involved in the excitotoxicity corresponding to alkaloids in Gelsemium. Then, the binding affinity between the main poisonous alkaloids and key targets was verified by molecular docking. Finally, animal experiments were conducted to further evaluate the potential mechanisms of Gelsemium toxicity. A total of 85 alkaloids in Gelsemium associated with 214 excitotoxicity-related targets were predicted by network pharmacology. Functional analysis showed that the toxicity of Gelsemium was mainly related to the protein phosphorylation reaction and plasma membrane function. There were also 164 pathways involved in the toxic mechanism, such as the calcium signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that alkaloids have high affinity with core targets, including MAPK3, SRC, MAPK1, NMDAR(2B) and NMDAR(2A). In addition, the difference of binding affinity may be the basis of toxicity differences among different alkaloids. Humantenirine showed significant sex differences, and the LD50 values of female and male mice were 0.071 mg center dot kg(-1) and 0.149 mg center dot kg(-1), respectively. Furthermore, we found that N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA), a specific NMDA receptor agonist, could significantly increase the survival rate of acute humantenirine-poisoned mice. The results also show that humantenirine could upregulate the phosphorylation level of MAPK3/1 and decrease ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential in hippocampal tissue, while NMDA could rescue humantenirine-induced excitotoxicity by restoring the function of mitochondria. This study revealed the toxic components and potential toxic mechanism of Gelsemium. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further study of the toxic mechanism of Gelsemium and potential therapeutic strategies for Gelsemium poisoning.
作者：
Ji, Chunxiao;Feng, Jia;Li, Siying;Yang, Hui;Wang, Hui;...
期刊：
Viruses,2023年15(1):138- ISSN：1999-4915
通讯作者：
Tao Zhang<&wdkj&>Yu He<&wdkj&>Wei Liu
作者机构：
[Liu, Wei; Ji, Chunxiao] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Hui; Wang, Hongliang; Geng, Xiangchang; He, Yu; Liu, Zengzai; Feng, Jia; Yang, Hui; Zhang, Tao] Changsha Anim Dis Control Ctr, Changsha 410013, Peoples R China.;[Li, Siying] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tao Zhang; Yu He; Wei Liu] A;Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>Changsha Animal and Plant Disease Control Center, Changsha 410000, China<&wdkj&>Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.<&wdkj&>College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
摘要：
The objective of this study was to examine longitudinal trends in the prevalence of dogs that are successfully immunized against rabies virus (as measured by sufficient serum antibodies) in Changsha, an urban center of China. The secondary objective was to investigate the factors affecting the seroprevalence of rabies virus antibodies in dogs. In this study, 4515 canine serum samples were collected from 57 pet hospitals (immunization points) during the period of 2015–2021 in five major urban areas of Kaifu, Furong, Tianxin, Yuhua, and Yuelu in Changsha, China. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to analyze the level and trend of rabies virus antibodies in serum and further evaluate the potential factors affecting the immunization effect from five factors: sex, age, time interval after most recent vaccination and sample collection, number of vaccinations, and vaccine manufacturer. The results showed that the seroconversion from the urban dog in Changsha steadily increased from 46.13% to 73.38% during 2015–2017. The seropositivity prevalence remained above the international standard (70%) from 2018 to 2020 and up to 90.99% in 2021. Further analysis showed that the seroconversion of rabies virus among dogs was significantly affected by the age, the number of vaccinations, time interval after the most recent vaccination and sample collection, and vaccine manufacturer, while sex had less influence. The overall rabies vaccination situation in urban areas of Changsha generally meets international standards, with only a few areas showing low levels of antibodies in dogs after vaccination and risk of infectiousness. Therefore, it is recommended that the first vaccination should be given when the dog is about three months old and regularly repeated every year after that. At the same time, antibody concentrations in dogs, especially in newborn puppies and older dogs, need to be tested promptly after vaccination at the required time to ensure that they are at a high level of immune protection, which can strengthen the supervision of rabies.
摘要：
为建立一种能够快速检测非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)的普通PCR方法, 本研究分别以ASFV B646L和F778R基因为靶序列设计了两对特异性引物, 建立ASFV B646L和F778R双基因普通PCR方法, 并对其特异性、灵敏性及重复性进行检测。结果显示: 该PCR体系(25.0 μL体系)的最优组合为Pfu酶0.2 μL、10×Reaction Buffer 2.5 μL、2.5?mmol/L dNTP Mixture 2.5 μL、B646L上下游引物各1.5 μL、F778R上下游引物各0.5 μL、DNA模板1.0 μL; 退火温度为57℃、退火时间为30 s、72℃延伸2.5 min, 30个循环。该方法仅针对ASFV B646L和F778R基因进行特异性扩增, 无交叉反应。同时对B646L和F778R阳性质粒的最低检测下限分别为7.2×107 copies/μL、1.5×106 copies/μL, 试验重复性良好。本研究对于提高ASFV临床诊断的准确性、特异性和高效性具有重要价值, 为其快速检测提供了可靠的技术支撑。 In order to detect African swine fever virus (ASFV) quickly by ordinary PCR, In this study, we established a common PCR method for ASFV B646L and F778R dual genes by two pairs of specific primers which were designed based on the target sequences of ASFV B646L and F778R genes respectively. And its specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility were tested. It showed that the optimal combination of PCR system (25.0 μL system) was Pfu enzyme 0.2 μL, 10×Reaction Buffer 2.5?μL, 2.5 mmol/L dNTP Mixture 2.5 μL, B646L upstream primer and B646L downstream primer were 1.5 μL, F778R upstream primer, F778R downstream primer each 0.5 μL, DNA template 1.0 μL, annealing temperature 57℃, annealing time 30 s. The method was only used for specific amplification of ASFV B646L and F778R genes, without cross-reaction. The lower limits of detection of positive plasmid B646L and F778R were 7.2×107?copies/μL and 1.5×106 copies/μL. The test repeatability is good. This study has important value for improving the accuracy, specificity and efficiency of clinical diagnosis of ASFV, and provides reliable technical support for rapid detection of ASFV.
通讯机构：
[Tiean Zhou; Tiean Zhou Tiean Zhou Tiean Zhou] C;[Linhong Deng; Linhong Deng Linhong Deng Linhong Deng] H;Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha, Hunan, 410128 China<&wdkj&>Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164 China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128 China<&wdkj&>Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha, Hunan, 410128 China
摘要：
Double resonator piezoelectric cytometry (DRPC) is developed to simultaneously quantify cells’ generated forces ΔS and viscoelastic moduli G′, G″ of a population of isolated single cells or cells with different cell‐cell contacts adhered to the AT and BT cut quartz crystals of the same frequency and morphology by measuring their respective changes in resonant frequency and motional resistance. Abstract Cell mechanics is closely associated with cellular structure and function. However, the inability to measure both cellular force and viscoelasticity of statistically significant number of cells noninvasively remains a challenge for quantitative characterizations of various cellular functions and practical applications. Here a double resonator piezoelectric cytometry (DRPC), using AT and BT cut quartz crystals of the same frequency and surface morphology is developed to simultaneously quantify the cells‐generated forces (ΔS) and viscoelastic moduli (G′, G″) of a population of isolated single cells or cells with different degrees of cell‐cell interactions in a non‐invasive and real time manner. DRPC captures the dynamic mechanical parameters ΔS and G′, G″ during the adhesions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under different ligand densities of adhesion molecules fibronectin or Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) modified on the gold surfaces of 9 MHz AT and BT cut quartz crystals, and different seeding densities of HUVECs. It is found that both the ligand density and cell seeding density affect the magnitudes of ΔS and G′, G″ and their correlations are revealed for the first time by DRPC. The validity of DRPC is further verified by mechanical changes of the cells in response to treatments with cytoskeleton regulators.
摘要：
Early lactation increases metabolic stress in ketotic dairy cows, leading to mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and inflammatory response in mammary epithelial cells. The pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) pathway involving the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (Mito-ROS)-induced nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor has been recognized as a key mechanism in this inflammatory response and cell apoptosis. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanism of Mito-ROS-NLRP3 pathway-mediated mammary epithelial cell apoptosis in dairy cows with ketosis. Mitochondrial damage and cellular apoptotic program and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were observed in the mammary gland of ketotic cows. Similar damage was detected in MAC-T cells treated with exogenous fatty acids (FFAs). However, NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 pretreatment or Mito-ROS scavenging by MitoTEMPO attenuated apoptosis in FFA-induced MAC-T cells by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. These findings reveal that the Mito-ROS-NLRP3 pathway activation is a potent mechanism underlying mammary epithelial cell apoptosis in response to metabolic stress in ketotic dairy cows, which further contributes to reduced milk yield.
摘要：
Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a specific pathogen of pigs that is the etiological agent of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS), which is responsible for substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. The pathogenicity mechanism and possible particular virulence determinants of M. hyopneumoniae are not yet completely elucidated. Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS), which causes substantial economic losses to the world's swine industry. Moonlighting proteins are increasingly being shown to play a role in the pathogenic process of M. hyopneumoniae. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a key enzyme in glycolysis, displayed a higher abundance in a highly virulent strain of M. hyopneumoniae than in an attenuated strain, suggesting that it may have a role in virulence. The mechanism by which GAPDH exerts its function was explored. Flow cytometry and colony blot analysis showed that GAPDH was partly displayed on the surface of M. hyopneumoniae. Recombinant GAPDH (rGAPDH) was able to bind PK15 cells, while the adherence of a mycoplasma strain to PK15 was significantly blocked by anti-rGAPDH antibody pretreatment. In addition, rGAPDH could interact with plasminogen. The rGAPDH-bound plasminogen was demonstrated to be activated to plasmin, as proven by using a chromogenic substrate, and to further degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM). The critical site for GAPDH binding to plasminogen was K336, as demonstrated by amino acid mutation. The affinity of plasminogen for the rGAPDH C-terminal mutant (K336A) was significantly decreased according to surface plasmon resonance analysis. Collectively, our data suggested that GAPDH might be an important virulence factor that facilitates the dissemination of M. hyopneumoniae by hijacking host plasminogen to degrade the tissue ECM barrier.IMPORTANCE Mesomycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a specific pathogen of pigs that is the etiological agent of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS), which is responsible for substantial economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. The pathogenicity mechanism and possible particular virulence determinants of M. hyopneumoniae are not yet completely elucidated. Our data suggest that GAPDH might be an important virulence factor in M. hyopneumoniae that facilitates the dissemination of M. hyopneumoniae by hijacking host plasminogen to degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) barrier. These findings will provide theoretical support and new ideas for the research and development of live-attenuated or subunit vaccines against M. hyopneumoniae.
摘要：
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different doses of the fibrous roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua on the growth performance, slaughter parameters, meat quality, immune function, cytokines, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of white-feathered broilers. Also, the mechanism to improve immune functions of broilers was explored through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. A total of 360 AA-white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into six groups (not separated by sex), with six repetitions per group (n = 10). The groups were as follows: basal diet (CON group), basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg aureomycin (ANT group), basal diet supplemented with 2%, 3%, and 4% fibrous root raw powder (LD, MD, and HD group), or basal diet supplemented with 3% fibrous root processed powder (PR group), in a 42-day experiment. The dietary inclusion of P. cyrtonema fibrous roots increased slaughter performance (p < 0.05), reduced the fat rate (p < 0.05), improved intestinal morphology (p < 0.05), and improved the immune organ index to varying degrees. It also significantly improved pH reduction, drip loss, and pressure loss of breast muscle and leg muscle (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it significantly improved immune and antioxidant functions including decreased MDA content of serum (p < 0.01), increased GSH-Px content (p < 0.01), IgG, IgA, and C4 contents (p < 0.05), and increased expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ (p < 0.01). Additionally, the mechanism by which fibrous roots improve immune function in broilers was explored using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Network pharmacology and molecular docking revealed that flavonoids such as baicalein, 4',5-Dihydroxyflavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one, and 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxybenzyl)-6,8-dimethyl-chroman-4-one were key components that enhanced immune function through the MAPK1 and other key targets involved in regulating the MAPK signaling pathway. From the findings, it can be concluded that incorporating P. cyrtonema Hua fibrous root as a natural feed supplement and growth promoter in broiler diets had a positive impact on bird health and performance.
摘要：
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a foodborne pathogen and a prevalent causative agent for disease outbreaks globally. The Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- (S.4,[5],12:i:-) belongs to the monophasic variant of Salmonella typhimurium, which is of current global concern. In this study, the epidemiology and genomic characterization of S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates from 17 livestock farms in Hunan Province between 2019 and 2020, as well as their susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents, were profiled. Twelve Salmonella serotypes were identified using the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme, and whole-genome sequencing analyses were conducted based on these isolates. Overall, 107 Salmonella strains were isolated, of which 73% (78/107) were multidrug resistant. Resistance to tetracycline (85.05%) was found to be the most prevalent, followed by the oqxAB and aac(6 & PRIME;)-Ib-cr genes. S. typhimurium (monophasic) 4,[5],12:i:- was the most common serotype, followed by S. typhimurium and S. derby. Most antimicrobial-resistant strains were isolated from pigs, indicating that they could be important reservoirs of resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella strains. The presence of similar genetic environments in S. 4,[5],12:i:- indicates both vertical and horizontal transmission of resistance plasmids, which may promote the spread of drug resistance genes. Appropriate measures should be taken to curb the prevalence of S. 4,[5],12:i:-.
期刊：
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,2023年88(16):11924-11934 ISSN：0022-3263
通讯作者：
Zeng, Jianguo;Cheng, P
作者机构：
[Liu, Yisong; Li, Kang; Huang, Lei; Xie, Hongqi; Zhang, Jingxuan; Wu, Huilan; Zeng, Jianguo; Wang, Lin; Cheng, Pi; Ye, Tian] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Kang; Zhang, Jingxuan; Wu, Huilan; Wang, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Yisong; Huang, Lei; Xie, Hongqi; Zeng, Jianguo; Cheng, Pi; Ye, Tian] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, P; Zeng, Jianguo] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Cheng, P; Zeng, Jianguo] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cheng, P ; Zeng, JG] ;Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
A new method for the synthesis of & alpha;-amino phenylpropanoidsunder blue light-emitting diode irradiation has been developed through & alpha;-C-H benzylation of readily available N-phenylglycine ester with benzyl oxalates as a coupling partner under mildconditions. A range of N-phenyl glycine esters weresuccessfully converted to & alpha;-amino phenylpropanoid products inmoderate to good yields. The utility of this methodology is underlinedby its application to the late-state modification of natural products.
期刊：
Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2023年194:172-183 ISSN：0891-5849
通讯作者：
Sun, Xudong;Xu, Chuang
作者机构：
[Dong, Hao; Sun, Xudong; Song, Qian; Chang, Renxu; Jia, Hongdou; Gao, Shuang; Dong, Zhihao; Tang, Yan; Xu, Chuang; Xu, Qiushi] Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Key Lab Bovine Dis Control Northeast China,Minist, Heilongjiang Prov Key Lab Prevent & Control Bovine, Daqing, Peoples R China.;[Chang, Renxu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Loor, Juan J.; Jiang, Qianming] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Mammalian NutriPhysioGen, Urbana, IL USA.;[Loor, Juan J.; Jiang, Qianming] Univ Illinois, Div Nutr Sci, Urbana, IL USA.;[Xu, Chuang] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xudong Sun; Chuang Xu] K;Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China<&wdkj&>College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
摘要：
Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) can transmit a variety of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), causing human and animal diseases. Cx. vishnui, Cx. pseudovishnui, and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus are three representative species in Culex vishnui subgroup, which are widely distributed in southeast Asia, and they have been proved as the main vectors transmitting Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) that could cause human infectious mosquito-borne disease across Asia. However, the epidemiology, biology, and even molecular information of those mosquitos remain poorly understood, and only the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus has been reported in these species. In the present study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitogenome sequence of Cx. vishnui which was 15,587bp in length, comprising 37 genes. Comparisons of nucleotide and amino acid sequences between Cx. vishnui and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus revealed that most genes within Culex vishnui subgroup were conserved, except atp8, nad1, atp6, and nad6, with differences of 0.4 (rrnS) - 15.1% (tRNAs) and 0 (nad4L) - 9.4% (atp8), respectively, interestingly suggesting the genes nad4L and rrnS were the most conserved but atp8 gene was the least. The results based on nucleotide diversity also supported a relatively uniform distribution of the intraspecific differences in Cx. vishnui and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus with only one highly pronounced peak of divergence centered at the control region. Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated amino acid sequences of 13 protein-coding genes supported the previous taxonomic classification of the family Culicidae and the monophyly of tribes Aedini, Culicini, Mansoniini, and Sabethini. The present study revealed detailed information on the subgroup Culex vishnui, reanalyzed the relationships within the family Culicidae, provided better markers to identify and distinguish Culex species, and offered more markers for studying the molecular epidemiology, population genetics, and molecular phylogenetics of Cx. vishnui.
