关键词：
Stage extraction;Capsaicinoids;Red pigments;Carotenoids;Fresh red pepper (Capsicum)
摘要：
A method for stage extraction of capsaicinoids and red pigments from fresh red peppers (FRPs) was developed in this work. Firstly, capsaicinoids were extracted from FRPs without any drying process by 40%-50% ethanol. Then red colorants without piquancy were extracted from the residues after removal of capsaicinoids using 95% ethanol as solvent with the conditions of 90 degrees C of temperature of water bath, 4 mL/g of ratio of solvent to material and 120 min of extraction time. The yield of red pigments were 89.8% of total content of red colorants in FRPs, which is about 2.2 times that of dry red peppers (DRPs) dried from equivalent FRPs. Compared with conventional methods, the new processes were simple, but gave a high yield of red pigments without remain of toxic solvent. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Adventitious root (AR) formation is a critical process for plant clonal propagation. The role of plant secondary metabolites in AR formation is still poorly understood. Chemical and physical mutagenesis in combination with somatic variation were performed on Artemisia annua in order to obtain a mutant with changes in adventitious rooting and composition of plant secondary metabolites. Metabolic and morphological analyses of the iar (increased adventitious rooting) mutant coupled with in vitro assays were used to elucidate the relationship between plant secondary metabolites and AR formation. The only detected differences between the iar mutant and wild-type were rooting capacity and borneol/camphor content. Consistent with this, treatment with borneol in vitro promoted adventitious rooting in wild-type. The enhanced rooting did not continue upon removal of borneol. The iar mutant displayed no significant differences in AR formation upon treatment with camphor. Together, our results suggest that borneol promotes adventitious rooting whereas camphor has no effect on AR formation.
通讯机构：
[Lin, Yong] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Res Ctr Engn & Technol Utilizat Bot Funct In, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Mass spectrometry;Membrane proteomics;Sample preparation;Shotgun analysis;Sodium deoxycholate
摘要：
In current shotgun-proteomics-based biological discovery, the identification of membrane proteins is a challenge. This is especially true for integral membrane proteins due to their highly hydrophobic nature and low abundance. Thus, much effort has been directed at sample preparation strategies such as use of detergents, chaotropes, and organic solvents. We previously described a sample preparation method for shotgun membrane proteomics, the sodium deoxycholate assisted method, which cleverly circumvents many of the challenges associated with traditional sample preparation methods. However, the method is associated with significant sample loss due to the slightly weaker extraction/solubilization ability of sodium deoxycholate when it is used at relatively low concentrations such as 1%. Hence, we present an enhanced sodium deoxycholate sample preparation strategy that first uses a high concentration of sodium deoxycholate (5%) to lyse membranes and extract/solubilize hydrophobic membrane proteins, and then dilutes the detergent to 1% for a more efficient digestion. We then applied the improved method to shotgun analysis of proteins from rat liver membrane enriched fraction. Compared with other representative sample preparation strategies including our previous sodium deoxycholate assisted method, the enhanced sodium deoxycholate method exhibited superior sensitivity, coverage, and reliability for the identification of membrane proteins particularly those with high hydrophobicity and/or multiple transmembrane domains.
会议名称：
The 12th Meeting of the Asia Pacific Federation of Pharmacologists(第十二届亚洲太平洋地区药理学家联盟会议暨中国药理学会第十二次全国学术会议)
会议时间：
2013-7-9
会议地点：
上海
会议主办单位：
中国药理学会
会议论文集名称：
The 12th Meeting of the Asia Pacific Federation of Pharmacologists(第十二届亚洲太平洋地区药理学家联盟会议暨中国药理学会第十二次全国学术会议)论文集
关键词：
black tea;green tea;dark tea;hypoglycemic effect;vasculoprotective effect
摘要：
<正>Vascular complications are major causes of disability and death in patients with diabetes mellitus.Epidemiological studies indicate that tea consumption may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.To investigate the preventive effects of tea on hyperglycemia and vascular complications of diabetes,we report the extraction and composition as well as the hypoglycemic and vasculoprotective effects of black tea extract（BTE）,green tea extract（GTE）,and dark tea extract （DTE）.High Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC） and the colorimetric methods were conducted to analysis of tea catechins,caffeine,polyphenols,
摘要：
The hydrophobic nature of most membrane proteins severely complicates their extraction, proteolysis and identification. Although detergents can be used to enhance the solubility of the membrane proteins, it is often difficult for a detergent not only to have a strong ability to extract membrane proteins, but also to be compatible with the subsequent proteolysis and mass spectrometric analysis. In this study, we made evaluation on a novel application of sodium laurate (SL) to the shotgun analysis of membrane proteomes. SL was found not only to lyse the membranes and solubilize membrane proteins as efficiently as SDS, but also to be well compatible with trypsin and chymotrypsin. Furthermore, SL could be efficiently removed by phase transfer method from samples after acidification, thus ensuring not to interfere with the subsequent CapLC-MS/MS analysis of the proteolytic peptides of proteins. When SL was applied to assist the digestion and identification of a standard protein mixture containing bacteriorhodoposin and the proteins in rat liver plasma membrane-enriched fractions, it was found that, compared with other two representative enzyme- and MS-compatible detergents RapiGest SF (RGS) and sodium deoxycholate (SDC), SL exhibited obvious superiority in the identification of membrane proteins particularly those with high hydrophobicity and/or multiple transmembrane domains.
