Effect of Girdling on Anthocyanin Content and Quality of Spine Grape Berries
作者:
Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Xu, Yanshuai;Yang, Guoshun*
期刊:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ,2022年41(1):65-73 ISSN:0721-7595
通讯作者:
Yang, Guoshun
作者机构:
[Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Univ Humanities Sci & Technol, Loudi 417000, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Yanshuai; Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Girdling;Anthocyanins;Spine grape;Gene expression
摘要:
Girdling can promote anthocyanin accumulation in grape berries. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of girdling on the accumulation of anthocyanins and the transcript levels of key genes in anthocyanin synthesis in spine grape skins. We also determined the effect of girdling on the contents of vitamin C, titratable acids, soluble sugars, and aroma compounds, and the transcript levels of genes related to sugar transport and aroma compound synthesis. The girdling treatment promoted anthocyanin accumulation in spine grape skins by increasing the transcript levels of genes related to anthocyanin synthesis. Girdling also increased the transcript levels of genes related to sugar transport in leaves, petioles, and flesh, promoted the transport of photosynthetic products to berries, and increased the soluble sugar content in berries. The transcript levels of genes related to aroma compound synthesis and the contents of aroma compounds in flesh were also increased by the girdling treatment. Together, our results show that a girdling treatment can increase the contents of anthocyanins, soluble sugars, vitamin C, and aroma compounds, decrease the titratable acid content, and significantly improve the quality of spine grape berries. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.
语种:
英文
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刺葡萄汁对大鼠血脂代谢影响的研究
作者:
彭勃;毛曦;林雪茜;白描;彭淼;...
期刊:
经济动物学报 ,2020年24(02):81-87 ISSN:1007-7448
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,长沙410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术中心,长沙410128;[白描; 毛曦; 杨国顺; 彭淼; 林雪茜; 彭勃] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
刺葡萄汁;血脂;代谢
摘要:
通过研究刺葡萄汁对动物血脂代谢的影响,探讨其调节血脂代谢的可能机制。选取6周龄大鼠60只,随机分为6组:空白对照组(基础饲料+生理盐水)、模型对照组(高脂饲料+生理盐水)、阳性药物组(高脂饲料+血脂康胶囊)、刺葡萄汁处理组(高脂饲料+低、中、高剂量刺葡萄汁)。每组10个重复,采用脂代谢紊乱法,试验干预6周。采用全自动血液生化分析仪检测并分析大鼠体质量、血脂指标、血清内谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)的活力,肝脏组织内抗氧化指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-PX)和丙二醛(MDA)及血脂代谢相关基因的相对表达量。结果表明:刺葡萄汁能显著抑制大鼠体质量的增长;所有剂量刺葡萄汁能极显著(P<0.01)降低甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量,中剂量刺葡萄汁显著(P<0.05)降低总胆固醇(TC),极显著(P<0.01)升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平;所有剂量刺葡萄汁能极显著(P<0.01)升高大鼠肝脏内GSH-PX、SOD的活性,低中剂量极显著(P<0.01)降低肝脏MDA的含量;刺葡萄汁各剂量处理均能上调LCAT、MCD、CPT-1基因的表达,下调ACAT1、DGAT2、UCP2、SREBP-1和FAS基因的表达,低剂量、中剂量刺葡萄汁处理组与模型组相比均达到了显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0. 01)水平,高剂量刺葡萄汁处理在DGAT2、CPT-1和SREBP-1基因表达上与模型组相比无显著性差异。因而,低、中剂量的刺葡萄汁具有一定的调节血脂功能。
语种:
中文
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Effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on grape berry cracking
作者:
Yu, Jun;Zhu, Mingtao;Wang, Meijun;Tang, Wanying;Wu, Sheng;...
期刊:
Scientia Horticulturae ,2020年261:108979 ISSN:0304-4238
通讯作者:
Yang, Guoshun
作者机构:
[Yang, Guoshun; Tang, Wanying; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Wu, Sheng; Yu, Jun; Zhang, Kai] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Guoshun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Abscisic acid;Fruit cracking;Grape;Nordihydroguaiaretic acid;Peel
摘要:
Fruit cracking is a phenomenon involving the splitting of the fruit peel, which causes considerable economic losses. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) treatment can decrease the incidence of grape berry cracking in the cracking-susceptible Vitis vinifera cultivar ‘Aishen Meigui’. The results indicated that NDGA can significantly decrease the fruit-cracking rate. There may be two reasons for this observation. Firstly, the NDGA treatment decreased the synthesis of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) as well as the soluble sugar and total soluble solid contents, which ultimately lowered the osmotic pressure, water absorption capacity, and peel turgor pressure. Second, the decrease in the endogenous ABA content also decreased the pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase activities, delayed the degradation of pectin, increased the peel protopectin content, enhanced the peel mechanical properties, and increased the resistance to fruit cracking. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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9种鲜食葡萄酿制葡萄酒的品质研究
作者:
唐婉莹;陈环;赵敏;陈文婷;杨国顺;...
期刊:
中国酿造 ,2020年39(3):43-46 ISSN:0254-5071
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128;[唐婉莹; 白描; 陈环; 杨国顺; 陈文婷; 赵敏] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
鲜食葡萄;葡萄酒;加工潜力
摘要:
选用我国南方主要栽培的9种鲜食葡萄为酿酒原料进行酿酒,并对所酿造葡萄酒的酿酒特性、理化性质及感官指标进行了检测分析.结果 表明,9种葡萄酒中白罗莎里奥和爱神玫瑰总糖含量高于国家标准,其他基本指标均符合国标;由香妃酿造葡萄酒其发酵更为彻底,其次为夏黑无核、醉金香、巨玫瑰和摩尔多瓦.各葡萄酒的pH值在合理的范围内(3.71~4.17).感官评分方面,以夏黑无核、摩尔多瓦和巨玫瑰所酿葡萄酒的品质较好,其感官评分分别为85.0分、82.5分和82.0分.根据酿酒工艺特性、理化性质及感官评价的结果,综合判定9种鲜食葡萄品种中,夏黑无核、巨玫瑰和摩尔多瓦在葡萄酒加工中具有较优的加工潜力.
语种:
中文
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Transcriptome analysis of calcium-induced accumulation of anthocyanins in grape skin
作者:
Yu, Jun;Zhu, Mingtao;Wang, Meijun;Xu, Yanshuai;Chen, Wenting;...
期刊:
Scientia Horticulturae ,2020年260:108871 ISSN:0304-4238
通讯作者:
Yang, Guoshun
作者机构:
[Xu, Yanshuai; Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Yu, Jun; Chen, Wenting] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Yanshuai; Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Yu, Jun; Chen, Wenting] Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Anthocyanin;Calcium;RNA-Sequence;Calmodulin;Hormones
摘要:
Anthocyanin in grape skin has positive effects on fruit coloration, plant development and human health. Calcium is not only an essential macroelement for plant growth, but also a second messenger involved in regulating various physiological process. Calcium-containing sprays is an effective horticultural practice to improve anthocyanin accumulation during the ripening stages. However, the underlying mechanism of calcium-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis is largely unexplored, and few studies have analyzed the genome-wide gene expression in grape skin exposed to calcium treatment. In this study, Illumina RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on grape skin at one week after whole-plant calcium-sprays. A total of 1894 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were affected by calcium treatment, including 1266 up-regulated and 628 down-regulated genes. Further, we found calcium triggered a large number of DEGs associated with calcium transport and signaling, anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport and regulation, sugar transport, and plant hormone biosynthesis and signaling. By analyzing the up/down-regulated DEGs, we clarified exogenous calcium may improve grape berry color in the following four pathways: (1) calcium increased total soluble sugars content, which may promote anthocyanin accumulation by activating transcription factors (TFs) related to anthocyanin biosynthesis; (2) calcium enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanin by stimulating the interaction between calmodulin and UDP-glucose : flavonoid 3-0-glucosyltransferase (UFGT); (3) Ca2+/calmodulin may modulate TFs related to anthocyanin, which will then stimulate the genes in the biosynthetic pathway; (4) calcium signal may stimulate the biosynthesis of JA (jasmonic acid) and ET (ethylene), which may enhance anthocyanin content by increasing endogenous sugar level or directly activating TFs related to anthocyanin biosynthesis. This work is the first comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of calcium-treated fruit and provides deep insight into the molecular mechanism of calcium-induced accumulation of anthocyanin.
语种:
英文
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Transcriptome analysis of metabolisms related to fruit cracking during ripening of a cracking-susceptible grape berry cv. Xiangfei (Vitis vinifera L.)
作者:
Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Zhao, Min;Wang, Meijun;Yang, Guoshun*
期刊:
GENES & GENOMICS ,2020年42(6):639-650 ISSN:1976-9571
通讯作者:
Yang, Guoshun
作者机构:
[Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Zhao, Min; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Univ Humanities Sci & Technol, Loudi 417000, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Grape;Fruit cracking;RNA-sequence;Cell wall;Cuticle
摘要:
Background: Grape is an economically valuable fruit around the world. However, some cultivars are prone to fruit cracking during ripening, leading to severe losses. Objective: We aimed to find important metabolisms related to fruit cracking during ripening process. Methods: RNA-Sequence and analysis was applied to the pericarp of cracking-susceptible ‘Xiang Fei’ at 1 (W1), 2 (W2) and 3 weeks (W3) after veraison on Illumina HiSeq xten; Results: Compared with W1, the berry cracking rate increased significantly in W2 and W3. Through transcriptomic analysis, a total of 22,609 genes were expressed in the grape pericarp, among which 805 and 2758 genes were significantly differentially regulated in W1-vs.-W2 and W1-vs.-W3 comparison, respectively. Besides, 304 and 354 genes were up- and down-regulated in both comparisons. The significantly enriched GO terms of both W1–W2 and W1–W3 are related to cell wall and wax biosynthesis. And lipid metabolism, which are involved in the top 20 enriched KEGG pathways of both comparisons, was related to wax biosynthesis. Further, GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with same regulatory changes also indicated that the continuously up-regulated DEGs are significantly enriched in cell wall component biosynthesis and hydrolase. Conclusion: These findings suggested that genes related to cell wall metabolism and cuticle biosynthesis may play important roles in regulating grape berry cracking. Our results provide a reference for further studies on the molecular mechanism underlying fruit cracking. © 2020, The Genetics Society of Korea.
语种:
英文
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Hypolipidemic Effects of Red Wine Made from V. didii. Foëx in Rats Feed with High Fat Diet [刺葡萄酒对高脂饮食大鼠的降血脂作用]
作者:
彭淼;毛曦;彭勃;林雪茜;白描;...
期刊:
现代食品科技 ,2020年36(10):8-15 ISSN:1673-9078
作者机构:
[彭淼; 毛曦; 彭勃; Lin X.-X.; 白描; 杨国顺] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Grapes, Changsha, 410128, China
关键词:
刺葡萄酒;降血脂;高脂饮食大鼠
摘要:
本研究以SPF级SD大鼠为实验动物,探讨刺葡萄酒对高脂饲料喂养大鼠的降血脂作用及可能机制.结果 显示,刺葡萄酒能显著降低甘油三酯含量,低剂量刺葡萄酒能显著降低大鼠血清内总胆固醇至1.67 mmol/L (p<0.05);中剂量刺葡萄酒处理能显著降低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(p<0.01)并显著增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量至0.97 mmol/L (p<0.05).各剂量刺葡萄酒处理能显著增加大鼠血清内超氧化物歧化酶和谷丙转氨酶(p<0.01)的活性,显著降低血清丙二醛的含量(p<0.05).Q-PCR结果显示,刺葡萄酒可促进高脂饮食大鼠肝脏卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰转移酶(LCAT)(1.47倍)、丙二酰辅酶A脱羧酶(MCD)(2.21倍)、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶(CPT-1)(1.31倍)的表达,抑制酯酰辅酶A:胆固醇酯酰转移酶(ACAT1)(1.95倍)、DGAT2(1.43倍)、线粒体解偶联蛋白2(UCP2)(1.98倍)等负调控基因的上调表达.本研究的结果证明适量刺葡萄酒可降低高脂饮食大鼠体内血脂水平,促进肝脏脂质代谢,抵抗高脂诱导的脂质过氧化.并且,该作用的发挥可能与刺葡萄酒调节肝脏脂质代谢关键基因表达与脂质代谢的相关酶活性有关.
语种:
中文
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葡萄冬芽生理休眠机理研究进展
作者:
樊绍刚;吴胜;朱明涛;余俊;白描;...
期刊:
东北农业大学学报 ,2019年50(10):88-96 ISSN:1005-9369
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,长沙 415000;湖南农业大学湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,长沙 415000;[白描; 朱明涛; 樊绍刚; 杨国顺; 余俊; 吴胜] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
葡萄;生理休眠;休眠解除;应激;机理
摘要:
研究葡萄冬芽生理休眠形成和解除分子机理,是探索新的高效无毒休眠解除方法的前提条件。文章介绍葡萄芽休眠相关基本概念,详细分析葡萄冬芽生理休眠形成主因,以及光周期、激素、温度和水等影响因素作用情况,探讨生理休眠形成机理。根据休眠解除模型,探讨人工破眠处理下生理休眠解除分子响应机理,归纳研究成果支持论证休眠解除模型。预测葡萄芽休眠未来研究方向。
语种:
中文
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Role of calcium in regulating anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries
作者:
Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Tang, Wanying;Fan, Shaogang;Bai, Miao;...
期刊:
Scientia Horticulturae ,2019年256:108585 ISSN:0304-4238
通讯作者:
Yang, Guoshun
作者机构:
[Yang, Guoshun; Tang, Wanying; Zhu, Mingtao; Bai, Miao; Chen, Miaofang; Fan, Shaogang; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Guoshun; Tang, Wanying; Zhu, Mingtao; Bai, Miao; Chen, Miaofang; Fan, Shaogang; Yu, Jun] Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Anthocyanin;Calcium;Calmodulin;Soluble sugar;Gene expression
摘要:
The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of calcium treatments on the anthocyanin accumulation of ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries. Calcium treatments increased the calcium contents and enhanced the calmodulin activities in grapevine leaves and berries, upregulated the expression of the sugar transporter genes SUC12 and SUC27 in leaves, promoted the transport of photosynthetic products to berries, and increased the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes in the grape berry skin. These results indicate that the application of exogenous calcium enhances anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries in the following two ways: (1) calcium promotes the transport of photosynthetic products to berries, thereby providing the basic material required for anthocyanin biosynthesis; (2) calcium induces anthocyanin biosynthesis by regulating the expression of relevant structural and regulatory genes. Our results will help researchers characterize the mechanism responsible for the calcium-mediated promotion of anthocyanin biosynthesis in grapevine and related plant species. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
语种:
英文
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葡萄园土壤养分状况分析与肥力评价
作者:
周敏;杨国顺
期刊:
安徽农业科学 ,2019年47(22):164-169 ISSN:0517-6611
作者机构:
湖南生物机电职业技术学院,湖南长沙,410127;湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙,410128;[周敏] 湖南生物机电职业技术学院;[杨国顺] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
葡萄园;刺葡萄;土壤;肥力;评价
摘要:
在常规施肥的基础上,探究葡萄园土壤养分的动态变化,并对其肥力状况进行评价,为科学施肥提供指导。通过连续6年采集刺葡萄园土壤样品,测定土壤pH、有机质、氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼等含量,并根据综合指数法,对土壤肥力状况进行分级评价。结果表明,土壤pH主要分布在5.5~6.4,属于偏酸性土壤;有机质含量不足,土壤基础肥力较低;碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量较丰富,2015年达到过量水平;交换性钙、镁、有效硼含量缺乏,是影响土壤整体肥力水平的限制因子,其他养分含量均处于适宜水平。运用Nemoro综合指数法进行评价,结果表明,各单项肥力水平差异明显,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾肥力指数高于其他因子,土壤综合肥力逐年增加,但整体水平较低。在葡萄生产过程中应重视有机肥的使用,增施钙、镁、磷肥,改良土壤酸碱度,在开花前合理施用硼肥。该研究对该地区葡萄园土壤养分管理有一定参考意义。
语种:
中文
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Effect of Riboflavin on the Precocious Maturation of Spine Grape Berries (Vitis davidii Foex)
作者:
Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Wu, Sheng;Wang, Meijun;Yang, Guoshun*
期刊:
HORTSCIENCE ,2019年54(9):1521-1525 ISSN:0018-5345
通讯作者:
Yang, Guoshun
作者机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China;Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China
通讯机构:
[Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词:
antioxidant enzymes;precocious maturation;riboflavin;spine grape
摘要:
Spine grape (Vitis davidii Foex) is an important wild plant species in South China. To provide economical and environmentally safe ways to promote the precocious maturation of spine grape berries, the effects of riboflavin were investigated. Riboflavin affected the reactive oxygen species metabolism in spine grape berries by increasing superoxide radical production and the hydrogen peroxide content, and it impaired the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. Riboflavin also induced the upregulated expression of maturation-related genes in advance, and the earlier accumulation of anthocyanin and total soluble solids. Phenological observations revealed that the treated grape berries underwent a color-turning stage 9 days earlier than the control, and the maturation stage occurred 7 days earlier than the control. Thus, riboflavin may significantly promote the precocious maturation of spine grape berries. © 2019 American Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.
语种:
英文
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不同橡木制品对刺葡萄酒品质的影响
作者:
陈环;吴胜;唐婉莹;陈文婷;杨国顺;...
期刊:
中国酿造 ,2019年38(2):26-30 ISSN:0254-5071
作者机构:
湖南农业大学 园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128;[唐婉莹; 白描; 陈环; 杨国顺; 吴胜; 陈文婷] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
刺葡萄酒;品质;橡木片;橡木块;影响
摘要:
为了改善刺葡萄酒的品质,以刺葡萄酒为试材,经不锈钢罐、不同产地及类型的橡木制品陈酿6个月后,检测刺葡萄酒的总糖、总酸、挥发酸等理化性质的差异.结果 表明,通过橡木制品的陈酿,刺葡萄酒的理化指标和感官品质得到明显改善和提升.橡木制品陈酿刺葡萄酒对其残糖和总酚含量影响较大,对刺葡萄酒的总酸、挥发酸、pH无显著性影响(P>0.05).其中,法国中度烘烤橡木片陈酿的刺葡萄酒中残糖含量最高(4.85 g/L),显著高于对照(4.33 g/L)及其他组(P<0.05),总酚含量为0.90 g/L,感官评分最高为85.1分;德国中度烘烤橡木片陈酿刺葡萄酒的总酚含量最高(1.03 g/L),显著高于其他组(P<0.05),残糖含量为4.42 g/L,感官评分为81.0分.综合可知,法国中度烘烤的橡木片陈酿的刺葡萄酒品质较优.
语种:
中文
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葡萄冬芽主芽坏死规律调查与解剖分析
作者:
李琪;徐丰;白描;肖华;杨国顺;...
期刊:
中国南方果树 ,2019年48(1):62-65 ISSN:1007-1431
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院/湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,长沙,410128;[白描; 刘昆玉; 肖华; 杨国顺; 徐丰; 李琪] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
葡萄;冬芽;主芽坏死;花芽分化
摘要:
探索葡萄冬芽主芽坏死的规律和分析影响主芽坏死的可能原因,利用解剖观测的方式对湖南长沙和山东济南种植的"红地球"冬芽主芽坏死进行对比;在葡萄萌芽期、摘心期、盛花期、第一次膨大期、浆果生长期、浆果成熟期、采果期和休眠期,对湖南长沙种植的"美人指""香妃""红罗莎里奥""爱神玫瑰""白罗莎里奥""甲斐乙女""红地球"7个欧亚种品种和"摩尔多瓦""金手指""阳光玫瑰""夏黑无核"4个欧美种品种的冬芽主芽坏死情况解剖观测和统计分析。结果表明:湖南长沙和山东济南种植的"红地球"葡萄冬芽均存在主芽坏死现象,且湖南长沙更严重。湖南长沙11个葡萄品种均出现了主芽坏死现象,且品种间差异有显著性(p<0.05),欧亚种的坏死程度普遍比欧美种严重。主芽坏死一经形成不可逆转,主芽坏死发生高峰期为第一次膨大期和浆果成熟期。结果枝主芽坏死率较营养枝高,且各品种结果枝主芽坏死率较高的节位均集中在第7~8节位。分析认为,品种基因型、品种属性、树体营养不足、较高的赤霉素含量均可能是影响葡萄冬芽主芽坏死的主要因素。
语种:
中文
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一株具有从头合成单萜能力的葡萄酒复膜孢酵母
作者:
陈文婷;白描;唐婉莹;谭君;王美军;...
期刊:
菌物学报 ,2018年37(6):703-711 ISSN:1672-6472
作者机构:
[陈文婷; 白描; 唐婉莹; 谭君; 王美军; 杨国顺] 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院, 湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128
关键词:
酵母;葡萄酒复膜孢酵母;单萜;香叶醇
摘要:
从中国湖南省刺葡萄果实表面分离到一株产香酵母LA24.对其进行了详细的形态特征描述,提供了显微镜的观察结果;通过对大亚基rRNA基因(LSU rDNA)D1/D2区序列进行PCR扩增,测序,并与NCBI数据库比对确定该菌为葡萄酒复膜孢酵母Saccharomycopsis vini.GC‐QQQ鉴定该酵母能以葡萄糖为原料合成香叶醇、香茅醇和微量的α‐松油醇和芳樟醇等单萜类物质.该菌株为首次报道具有合成单萜类能力的葡萄酒复膜孢酵母,为微生物合成单萜类生物途径的研究提供独特材料.
语种:
中文
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利用SSR分子标记鉴定刺葡萄F1代杂种
作者:
苏聪聪;金燕;徐丰;白描;石雪晖;...
期刊:
江苏农业科学 ,2018年46(17):35-38 ISSN:1002-1302
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院/湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙,410128;[石雪晖; 白描; 刘昆玉; 钟晓红; 陈陈恒; 杨国顺; 苏聪聪; 徐丰; 李含晰; 金燕] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
刺葡萄;杂交育种;SSR分子标记;真实性鉴定;形态学
摘要:
利用SSR分子标记技术,对刺葡萄与玫瑰香、金手指等葡萄品种种间杂交的64株后代进行真实性鉴定,筛选出在双亲间有特异性位点的SSR引物。结果表明,64株杂交后代中有61个单株具有父母本特异性条带,结合田间形态学观察,确定为双亲杂交后代。因此,SSR标记可以有效地对葡萄属种间杂交后代进行真实性鉴定,可以作为刺葡萄种质创新的有效辅助手段。
语种:
中文
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本土酿酒酵母对刺葡萄酒香气的影响
作者:
陈文婷;白描;谭君;唐婉莹;杨国顺
期刊:
湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版) ,2018年44(1):111-116 ISSN:1007-1032
作者机构:
[陈文婷; 白描; 唐婉莹; 杨国顺; 谭君] 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院;[陈文婷; 白描; 唐婉莹; 杨国顺] 湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心
关键词:
刺葡萄酒;本土酵母;香气;挥发性物质
摘要:
为探索本土野生酵母在刺葡萄酒酿造生产中的应用价值,改良刺葡萄酒品质,采用顶空固相微萃取(HS–SPME)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC–MS)技术对1株商业酿酒酵母和6株野生酿酒酵母所酿刺葡萄酒的挥发性物质进行分析,并用统计建模软件RGui构建热图,分析各菌株对刺葡萄酒香气的影响。结果表明:刺葡萄酒中的挥发性物质主要为酯类物质,其次是醇类物质;LE28、LD22与商业酵母RC212处于同一分支,其刺葡萄酒呈香物质含量趋势一致;LD1015独成一支,其香气物质总含量显著高于其他菌株的,但含有闻起来令人不愉快的气味;HME11、HXD21及XHB48与商业酵母RC212间的差异较大,HME11和HXD21与其他供试菌株相比,其所酿刺葡萄酒具有更浓郁的果香和花香。
语种:
中文
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钙处理对葡萄果实花青素含量及品质的影响
作者:
余俊;赵玉华;白描;杨国顺
期刊:
果树学报 ,2018年35(6):741-746 ISSN:1009-9980
作者机构:
[余俊; 赵玉华; 白描; 杨国顺] 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院;[余俊; 赵玉华; 白描; 杨国顺] 湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心
关键词:
葡萄;钙;果实品质;花青素
摘要:
【目的】通过研究不同钙处理对葡萄花青素合成及品质的影响,确定适宜的喷钙时期、浓度、部位,为葡萄的优质高产提供理论依据。【方法】以6 a(年)生‘美人指'为试验材料,研究了不同钙处理水平(0、1、3、5、8 g· L~(-1))、施肥方式(叶果喷施和浸果)及时期(第1次膨大期和第2次膨大期)对葡萄果实品质和花青素含量的影响。【结果】钙处理可明显提高果实的单粒质量、可溶性固形物及花青素含量,并降低果实硬度和酸度,果实品质和花青素含量随着钙质量浓度的增加而提高,在5 g· L~(-1)时效果最好,同时还发现钙处理效果在葡萄第2次膨大期优于第1次膨大期,浸果处理优于叶果喷施处理。第2次膨大期5 g· L~(-1)钙溶液浸果处理的花青素含量为820.23 nmol· g(-1)约为对照的5.72倍)、可溶性固形物含量(ω)为16.23%(约为对照的1.28倍)、固酸比为63.40(约为对照的1.67倍),而总酸含量(ω)显著低于其他处理,为0.26%(约为对照的0.76倍)。【结论】在葡萄第2次膨大期采用5 g· L~(-1)钙溶液浸果处理,对于提高葡萄品质和果实花青素含量最为有利。
语种:
中文
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避雨栽培下红地球花芽分化特征研究
作者:
毛曦;郑辉艳;彭勃;彭淼;杨国顺;...
期刊:
中国南方果树 ,2018年47(5):87-93 ISSN:1007-1431
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,长沙,410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术中心,长沙,410128;[白描; 毛曦; 杨国顺; 彭淼; 郑辉艳; 彭勃] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
葡萄;花芽分化;“红地球”;花芽率;主芽坏死
摘要:
研究湖南避雨栽培模式下的"红地球"冬芽花芽分化特性,为解决避雨栽培下"红地球"冬芽花芽分化能力差的问题提供理论依据。2015年夏季采用解剖方式观察新梢第1~12节各节位冬芽的花芽分化状况,于当年冬季再次进行观测,并于2016年春季再次统计新梢花芽率。(1)"红地球"冬芽内关键未分化原基形成节位为第5~7节,经过多次分化,冬芽内关键节位对面形成的未分化原基极有可能形成花序原基。(2)"红地球"在始花期前1周左右,最先开始形态分化的是新梢中部节位的芽。(3)冬季"红地球"主芽坏死率为39.74%,而主芽坏死后该冬芽仍为花芽的比率仅1.68%,表明"红地球"主芽易坏死且副芽分化能力差。(4)对夏季、冬季和来年春季花芽率进行观测,结果表明,花芽率从夏季的57.74%下降至来年春季的27.33%,花芽率的下降主要发生在夏季花芽形成后至冬季修剪之前,此期主芽易坏死是导致"红地球"花芽率减少的主要原因之一。(5)主芽坏死率与枝梢横截面积呈极显著正相关,潜在花芽率与主芽坏死率之和同枝梢横截面积呈极显著正相关。主芽坏死是导致"红地球"花芽率减少的主要原因之一。
语种:
中文
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不同花穗整形方式对‘夏黑’葡萄果实品质的影响
作者:
毛曦;彭勃;陈环;白描;杨国顺
期刊:
现代园艺 ,2018年(5):30-32 ISSN:1006-4958
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院/湖南省葡萄工程技术中心,湖南长沙,410128;[白描; 毛曦; 陈环; 杨国顺; 彭勃] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
夏黑葡萄;花穗整形;果实品质
摘要:
以7年生‘夏黑’葡萄为试验材料,开花前1周分别采用留穗尖3cm、5cm、7cm,间隔疏除小穗,疏除花穗其余部分,并以去副穗和穗尖、不修剪的花穗整形方式为对照,研究不同花穗整形方式对夏黑葡萄果实品质的影响。结果表明:不同花穗整形方式均能不同程度提高夏黑葡萄单粒重与可溶性固形物含量,果形指数无差异。留穗尖3cm的花穗整形方式能显著改变果穗大小,单果重、可滴定酸含量、固酸比均为最优处理方式,但穗重最小。综合比较,留穗尖5cm的花穗整形方式为夏黑葡萄最佳花穗整形方式。
语种:
中文
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不同花穗整形方式对阳光玫瑰葡萄果实品质的影响
作者:
曾蓓;毛曦;周敏;白描;杨国顺
期刊:
湖南农业科学 ,2017年(5):78-80 ISSN:1006-060X
作者机构:
湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙 410128;[曾蓓; 周敏; 白描; 毛曦; 杨国顺] 湖南农业大学
关键词:
阳光玫瑰葡萄;花穗整形;果实品质
摘要:
以3年生阳光玫瑰葡萄为材料,在花穗分离期分别进行留穗尖3 cm、留穗尖5 cm、留穗尖7 cm、间隔疏除小穗处理,以不修剪(CK-1)和去副穗及穗尖(CK——2)作为对照,研究不同花穗整形方式对阳光玫瑰葡萄果实品质的影响。结果表明:不同花穗整形方式均能不同程度提高阳光玫瑰葡萄单粒重与可溶性固形物含量,果形指数无差异。综合比较,留穗尖7 cm的穗重最大,可溶性固形物含量显著高于对照,固酸比较好。因此,留穗尖7 cm花穗整形方式可作为阳光玫瑰葡萄重要花穗整形方式。
语种:
中文
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