作者： Shi, Ning;Pei, Xuan-Xuan;Li, Ming-Yu;Chen, Wen-Ting;Li, Hui-Qing;...

期刊： Food Chemistry,2024年454:139732 ISSN：0308-8146

通讯作者： Wang, J

作者机构： [Li, Hui-Qing; Li, Ming-Yu; Shi, Ning; Pei, Xuan-Xuan; Wang, Jun; Duan, Chang-Qing] China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Ctr Viticulture & Enol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.;[Li, Hui-Qing; Li, Ming-Yu; Shi, Ning; Pei, Xuan-Xuan; Wang, Jun; Duan, Chang-Qing] Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Viticulture & Enol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Guo-Shun; Chen, Wen-Ting] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wang, J ] C;China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Ctr Viticulture & Enol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.

关键词： Aroma;Chinese wild grape;Odor active value;Phenolic;SSR

摘要： The spine grapes (Vitis davidii Foe<spacing diaeresis>x.) are wild grape species that grow in southern China, and can be used for table grapes, juicing and winemaking. To systematically investigate the flavor profiles of spine grapes, flavonoids and volatile compounds were detected in five spine grape varieties (Seputao, Ziqiu, Miputao, Tianputao and Baiputao) using HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS and GC-MS. The content of flavonoids highly depended on the variety, such as the total concentrations of anthocyanins (91.43-328.85 mg/kg FW) and flavonols (33.90 to 83.16 mg/kg FW). The volatile compounds with higher odor active value were selected to describe the aroma of spine grapes. Hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal and (E, Z)-2,6-nonadienal contributed to the higher herbaceous flavor to Baiputao and Ziqiu. beta-Damascenone and (E)-2-nonenal gave Baiputao a flavor with more floral, fruity and earthy. Their characteristic flavor compounds were subsequently revealed using multivariate statistical analysis. The results helped producers to further develop and utilize the spine grapes.

语种： 英文

作者： He, Xue;He, Jingjing;Luo, Feixiong;Yue, Lingqi;Sheng, Danling;...

期刊： Scientia Horticulturae,2024年336:113367 ISSN：0304-4238

通讯作者： Bai, M

作者机构： [Yang, Guoshun; He, Xue; Yue, Lingqi; He, Jingjing; Li, Sheng; Luo, Feixiong; Bai, Miao; Sheng, Danling; Chen, Wenting] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Varie, Minist Educ, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Bai, M ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Varie, Minist Educ, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Activated charcoal;Globular embryos;Grape;Reactive oxygen species;Somatic embryogenesis

摘要： Somatic embryogenesis is a crucial genetic transformation method in plants. Despite numerous studies being conducted for acquiring embryogenic competence in plant cells, somatic embryo (SE) induction from embryogenic cells (ECs) has attracted relatively limited research attention. In grapes, somatic cell induction is impeded by unidentified inhibitors, which hinders the progression of globular embryo (GE) formation and subsequently embryo development. We found that addition of activated charcoal (AC) to the grape SE induction medium augmented the speed, consistency, and synchronization of embryogenesis. Cell samples cultured in the induction medium with and without AC were thoroughly evaluated through histological anatomy analysis, subcellular structure observation, and comparative transcriptomic analysis. The histological observation revealed the specific timeline of SE formation. An intermediate developmental state, referred to as the globular embryo precursor (PGE), was observed during the induction of GE formation from EC. Members of transcription factor families such as WRKY, MYB, MADS, AP2/ERF, HB-KNOX, HB-HD-ZIP, HB-WOX, NAC, and GRF were identified in the early and middle stages of GE formation. Additionally, we explored the key roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-, starch-, cell wall-, and hormone-related genes. The cell wall-related genes were highly enriched in differentially expressed gene sets. Several amyloplasts in EC disappeared, potentially because of hydrolysis, and numerous mitochondria were observed. In AC-added samples, starch was consumed more, and cellulose hydrolysis-related genes were downregulated, whereas cellulose synthesis-related genes had higher expression than AC-free samples. ROS response-related genes were induced when GE induction was initiated. When applied, an optimal concentration of external H2O2 promoted SE initiation in grapes, whereas a high concentration caused delayed GE formation. This study suggests that, by absorbing and releasing substances, the added AC can create a stable buffer environment for cell survival, protect against excessive ROS- or inhibitor-induced cell damage, and support uninterrupted progress of somatic embryogenesis.

语种： 英文

作者： Yu, Jun;Wang, Rong;Ma, Wentao;Lei, Shumin;Zhu, Mingtao;...

期刊： JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY,2023年71(3):1643-1654 ISSN：0021-8561

通讯作者： Guoshun Yang

作者机构： [Yang, Guoshun; Ma, Wentao; Wang, Rong; Lei, Shumin; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Univ Humanities Sci & Technol, Coll Agr & Biotechnol, Loudi 417000, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Guoshun Yang] C;College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road No. 1, Furong District, Changsha410128, Hunan, China

关键词： Cellulose;Cytology;Genes;Metabolism;Plants (botany);Cell wall metabolism;Cell walls;Covalently bound;Fruit cracking;Grape;Grape berry;Pectate lyase;Table grapes;VvPL1;Water soluble pectins;Fruits;Cell Walls;Cellulose;Cytology;Fruits;Genes;Metabolism;pectate lyase;pectin;water;cell wall;fruit;genetics;metabolism;Vitis;Cell Wall;Fruit;Pectins;Vitis;Water

摘要： Fruit cracking seriously affects the commercial value of table grapes. To explore whether cell wall disassembly influences grape berry cracking, first, the differences in the cell wall metabolism were compared between cracking-resistant “Shennongjinhuanghou” (SN) and cracking-susceptible “Xiangfei” (XF) varieties. Our results showed that cell wall disassembly events were extremely different between “SN” and “XF.” The cracking-resistant “SN” had a higher pectinmethylesterase activity in the early stage and lower polygalacturonase, β-galactosidase, pectate lyase, and cellulase activities from veraison, cooperatively yielding higher ionically bound pectin, covalently bound pectin, hemicellulose, and lower water-soluble pectin, leading to a stronger skin break force and elasticity and conferring “SN” with higher cracking resistance. Furthermore, the function of the VvPL1 gene in fruit cracking was verified by heterologously transforming tomatoes. The transgenic experiment showed that overexpressed fruits had a higher activity of pectate lyase from the breaking stage and a lower level of covalently bound pectin, ionically bound pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose and a higher level of water-soluble pectin at the red ripe stage, which resulted in a significantly reduced skin break force and flesh firmness and increased fruit cracking incidences. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the cracking susceptibility of the grape berry is closely related to cell wall disassembly events and VvPL1 plays an important role in fruit cracking. © 2023 American Chemical Society.

语种： 英文

作者： 刘凯杰;方海猛;何雪;谭君;夏龙腾;...

期刊： 果树学报,2022年39(5):764-772 ISSN：1009-9980

通讯作者： Xu, Y.

作者机构： [刘凯杰; 方海猛; 何雪; 谭君; 夏龙腾; 杨梅; 张凯; 杨国顺; 许延帅] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University/Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Grapes, Changsha, 410128, China

通讯机构： College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University/Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Grapes, Changsha, China

关键词： 阳光玫瑰葡萄;软熟期;水分处理;光合特性;果实品质

摘要： 【目的】湖南地区根域限制栽培条件下,在软熟期(花后60~110 d)通过设置不同程度土壤含水量处理,确定阳光玫瑰葡萄软熟期最适宜的土壤含水量范围。【方法】对阳光玫瑰进行不同程度[T1(土壤含水量为田间持水率的75%~ 85%)、T2(土壤含水量为田间持水率的65%~<75%)、T3(土壤含水量为田间持水率的55%~<65%)和T4(土壤含水量为田间持水率的45%~<55%)]的水分处理,测定其叶片光合特性和果实品质性状指标。【结果】成熟时(花后110 d)各处理果实可溶性固形物含量与果皮色差值a*(红绿色)之间呈极显著线性关系;T2处理使成熟后果实可溶性固形物含量显著提高8.0%,果实可滴定酸含量显著降低9.1%,固酸比显著提升18.8%,果皮厚度显著降低25.6%,果实硬度显著增加14.59%,丙二醛含量显著增加15.35%;各项光合参数(P_n、T_r、G_s和C_i)大多表现为T1、T2 > T3、T4;在处理后15 d内,水分利用率T4 > T3 > T2 > T1,15 d以后,水分利用率T1 > T4 > T3 > T2。【结论】湖南地区根域限制条件下,在软熟期进行T2处理,即不影响光合特性又能改善成熟后果实品质性状,因此在阳光玫瑰软熟期土壤含水量为田间持水率的65%~<75%最为适宜。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Xu, Yanshuai;Yang, Guoshun*

期刊： Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,2022年41(1):65-73 ISSN：0721-7595

通讯作者： Yang, Guoshun

作者机构： [Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Univ Humanities Sci & Technol, Loudi 417000, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Yanshuai; Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Girdling;Anthocyanins;Spine grape;Gene expression

摘要： Girdling can promote anthocyanin accumulation in grape berries. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of girdling on the accumulation of anthocyanins and the transcript levels of key genes in anthocyanin synthesis in spine grape skins. We also determined the effect of girdling on the contents of vitamin C, titratable acids, soluble sugars, and aroma compounds, and the transcript levels of genes related to sugar transport and aroma compound synthesis. The girdling treatment promoted anthocyanin accumulation in spine grape skins by increasing the transcript levels of genes related to anthocyanin synthesis. Girdling also increased the transcript levels of genes related to sugar transport in leaves, petioles, and flesh, promoted the transport of photosynthetic products to berries, and increased the soluble sugar content in berries. The transcript levels of genes related to aroma compound synthesis and the contents of aroma compounds in flesh were also increased by the girdling treatment. Together, our results show that a girdling treatment can increase the contents of anthocyanins, soluble sugars, vitamin C, and aroma compounds, decrease the titratable acid content, and significantly improve the quality of spine grape berries. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.

语种： 英文

作者： Chang, Xin Yu;Zhang, Kai;Yuan, Yunzhang;Ni, Peiyi;Ma, Jing;...

期刊： Plant Growth Regulation,2022年98(1):117-126 ISSN：0167-6903

通讯作者： Miao Bai

作者机构： [Ma, Jing; Yang, Guo Shun; Bai, Miao; Yuan, Yunzhang; Liu, Hui; Gong, Siyu; Chang, Xin Yu; Ni, Peiyi; Zhang, Kai] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Vari, Minist Educ, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Miao Bai] E;Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha, China

关键词： Grape;Adventitious roots;Phenotypic heterogeneity;Petiole

摘要： Woody cutting is customarily utilized as a material in research on grape adventitious root formation (ARF). However, phenotypic heterogeneity caused by the complex background influenced its use for molecular mechanism research of ARF of grape. The present study tested various types of explants from grape tissue culture plantlets and found that the whole leaf: blade with the petiole (LP) was the simplest unit that can easily form adventitious roots (ARs). LP explants which can be easily obtained, directly generate ARs via de novo organogenesis from the base of the petiole. Plantlet age, node position, blade size, the health condition of leaves, and light intensity have been demonstrated to affect the homogeneity of the ARF phenotype in LP. By controlling these parameters, selected LPs cultured on a medium with 6 g·L-1 agar and 10 g·L-1 sucrose under dark conditions started rooting at 6–7 days after culture (DAC) and reached 100% rooting rate within 13–14 DAC. Using this system, the core role of auxin on ARF was verified by exogenous application of indole butyric acid (IBA) and N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). Strikingly, we found that light promoted ARF in the absence of sucrose, but inhibited ARF in the presence of sucrose (10 g·L-1), while a low concentration of 0.34 µM NPA partially relieved the inhibition. Finally, this study confirmed that exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs), including 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA), gibberellic acid 3 (GA3), and 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR), significantly inhibited ARF. This simple, rapid, quantifiable ARF research system provides a new approach to studying the factors influencing the formation and development of grape adventitious roots and establishes a framework for investigating the mechanism of grape adventitious root induction and initiation. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： Zhuang, Xia;Zhao, Jian-Long;Bai, Miao;Ping, Xing-Xing;Li, Yan-Lin;...

期刊： Microorganisms,2021年9(9):1882 ISSN：2076-2607

作者机构： [Yang, Guo-Shun; Li, Yan-Lin; Bai, Miao; Zhuang, Xia] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Engn Res Ctr Hort Crop Germplasm Creat & New Vari, Minist Educ, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Xie, Bing-Yan; Mao, Zhen-Chuan; Zhao, Jian-Long; Ping, Xing-Xing; Yang, Yu-Hong; Zhuang, Xia] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.

关键词： induced defenses;jasmonic acid (JA);Pochonia chlamydosporia;pathogen;root endophytes;salicylic acid (SA)

摘要： Pochonia chlamydosporia is a fungal parasite of nematode eggs. Studies have shown that some strains of Pochonia chlamydosporia can promote plant growth and induce plants’ systemic resistance to root-knot nematodes by colonizing in their roots. This study aimed to verify the effect of the PC-170 strain on tomato growth and systemic resistance. Split-root experiments were conducted to observe the systemic resistance induced by PC-170. To explore the defense pathway that was excited due to the colonization by PC-170, we tested the expression of marker genes for defense pathways, and used mutant lines to verify the role of plant defense pathways. Our results showed that PC-170 can colonize roots, and promotes growth. We found a role for jasmonic acid (JA) in modulating tomato colonization by PC-170. PC-170 can activate tomato defense responses to reduce susceptibility to infection by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and induced resistance to some pathogens in tomatoes. The marker genes of the defense pathway were significantly induced after PC-170 colonization. However, salicylic acid (SA)-and jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent defenses in roots were variable with the invasion of different pathogens. Defense pathways play different roles at different points in time. SA-and JA-dependent defense pathways were shown to cross-communicate. Different phytohormones have been involved in tomato plants’ responses against different pathogens. Our study confirmed that adaptive JA signaling is necessary to regulate PC-170 colonization and induce systemic resistance in tomatoes. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

语种： 英文

作者： 彭勃;毛曦;林雪茜;白描;彭淼;...

期刊： 经济动物学报,2020年24(02):81-87 ISSN：1007-7448

作者机构： 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,长沙410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术中心,长沙410128;[白描; 毛曦; 杨国顺; 彭淼; 林雪茜; 彭勃] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 刺葡萄汁;血脂;代谢

摘要： 通过研究刺葡萄汁对动物血脂代谢的影响,探讨其调节血脂代谢的可能机制。选取6周龄大鼠60只,随机分为6组:空白对照组（基础饲料+生理盐水）、模型对照组（高脂饲料+生理盐水）、阳性药物组（高脂饲料+血脂康胶囊）、刺葡萄汁处理组（高脂饲料+低、中、高剂量刺葡萄汁）。每组10个重复,采用脂代谢紊乱法,试验干预6周。采用全自动血液生化分析仪检测并分析大鼠体质量、血脂指标、血清内谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）的活力,肝脏组织内抗氧化指标超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶（GSH-PX）和丙二醛（MDA）及血脂代谢相关基因的相对表达量。结果表明:刺葡萄汁能显著抑制大鼠体质量的增长;所有剂量刺葡萄汁能极显著（P<0.01）降低甘油三酯（TG）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量,中剂量刺葡萄汁显著（P<0.05）降低总胆固醇（TC）,极显著（P<0.01）升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平;所有剂量刺葡萄汁能极显著（P<0.01）升高大鼠肝脏内GSH-PX、SOD的活性,低中剂量极显著（P<0.01）降低肝脏MDA的含量;刺葡萄汁各剂量处理均能上调LCAT、MCD、CPT-1基因的表达,下调ACAT1、DGAT2、UCP2、SREBP-1和FAS基因的表达,低剂量、中剂量刺葡萄汁处理组与模型组相比均达到了显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0. 01）水平,高剂量刺葡萄汁处理在DGAT2、CPT-1和SREBP-1基因表达上与模型组相比无显著性差异。因而,低、中剂量的刺葡萄汁具有一定的调节血脂功能。

语种： 中文

作者： Yu, Jun;Zhu, Mingtao;Wang, Meijun;Xu, Yanshuai;Chen, Wenting;...

期刊： Scientia Horticulturae,2020年260:108871 ISSN：0304-4238

通讯作者： Yang, Guoshun

作者机构： [Xu, Yanshuai; Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Yu, Jun; Chen, Wenting] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Yanshuai; Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Yu, Jun; Chen, Wenting] Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Anthocyanin;Calcium;RNA-Sequence;Calmodulin;Hormones

摘要： Anthocyanin in grape skin has positive effects on fruit coloration, plant development and human health. Calcium is not only an essential macroelement for plant growth, but also a second messenger involved in regulating various physiological process. Calcium-containing sprays is an effective horticultural practice to improve anthocyanin accumulation during the ripening stages. However, the underlying mechanism of calcium-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis is largely unexplored, and few studies have analyzed the genome-wide gene expression in grape skin exposed to calcium treatment. In this study, Illumina RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on grape skin at one week after whole-plant calcium-sprays. A total of 1894 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were affected by calcium treatment, including 1266 up-regulated and 628 down-regulated genes. Further, we found calcium triggered a large number of DEGs associated with calcium transport and signaling, anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport and regulation, sugar transport, and plant hormone biosynthesis and signaling. By analyzing the up/down-regulated DEGs, we clarified exogenous calcium may improve grape berry color in the following four pathways: (1) calcium increased total soluble sugars content, which may promote anthocyanin accumulation by activating transcription factors (TFs) related to anthocyanin biosynthesis; (2) calcium enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanin by stimulating the interaction between calmodulin and UDP-glucose : flavonoid 3-0-glucosyltransferase (UFGT); (3) Ca2+/calmodulin may modulate TFs related to anthocyanin, which will then stimulate the genes in the biosynthetic pathway; (4) calcium signal may stimulate the biosynthesis of JA (jasmonic acid) and ET (ethylene), which may enhance anthocyanin content by increasing endogenous sugar level or directly activating TFs related to anthocyanin biosynthesis. This work is the first comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of calcium-treated fruit and provides deep insight into the molecular mechanism of calcium-induced accumulation of anthocyanin.

语种： 英文

作者： 唐婉莹;陈环;赵敏;陈文婷;杨国顺;...

期刊： 中国酿造,2020年39(3):43-46 ISSN：0254-5071

作者机构： 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128;[唐婉莹; 白描; 陈环; 杨国顺; 陈文婷; 赵敏] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 鲜食葡萄;葡萄酒;加工潜力

摘要： 选用我国南方主要栽培的9种鲜食葡萄为酿酒原料进行酿酒,并对所酿造葡萄酒的酿酒特性、理化性质及感官指标进行了检测分析.结果 表明,9种葡萄酒中白罗莎里奥和爱神玫瑰总糖含量高于国家标准,其他基本指标均符合国标;由香妃酿造葡萄酒其发酵更为彻底,其次为夏黑无核、醉金香、巨玫瑰和摩尔多瓦.各葡萄酒的pH值在合理的范围内(3.71～4.17).感官评分方面,以夏黑无核、摩尔多瓦和巨玫瑰所酿葡萄酒的品质较好,其感官评分分别为85.0分、82.5分和82.0分.根据酿酒工艺特性、理化性质及感官评价的结果,综合判定9种鲜食葡萄品种中,夏黑无核、巨玫瑰和摩尔多瓦在葡萄酒加工中具有较优的加工潜力.

语种： 中文

作者： Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Zhao, Min;Wang, Meijun;Yang, Guoshun*

期刊： GENES & GENOMICS,2020年42(6):639-650 ISSN：1976-9571

通讯作者： Yang, Guoshun

作者机构： [Yang, Guoshun; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Zhao, Min; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Mingtao; Yu, Jun] Hunan Univ Humanities Sci & Technol, Loudi 417000, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Grape;Fruit cracking;RNA-sequence;Cell wall;Cuticle

摘要： Background: Grape is an economically valuable fruit around the world. However, some cultivars are prone to fruit cracking during ripening, leading to severe losses. Objective: We aimed to find important metabolisms related to fruit cracking during ripening process. Methods: RNA-Sequence and analysis was applied to the pericarp of cracking-susceptible ‘Xiang Fei’ at 1 (W1), 2 (W2) and 3 weeks (W3) after veraison on Illumina HiSeq xten; Results: Compared with W1, the berry cracking rate increased significantly in W2 and W3. Through transcriptomic analysis, a total of 22,609 genes were expressed in the grape pericarp, among which 805 and 2758 genes were significantly differentially regulated in W1-vs.-W2 and W1-vs.-W3 comparison, respectively. Besides, 304 and 354 genes were up- and down-regulated in both comparisons. The significantly enriched GO terms of both W1–W2 and W1–W3 are related to cell wall and wax biosynthesis. And lipid metabolism, which are involved in the top 20 enriched KEGG pathways of both comparisons, was related to wax biosynthesis. Further, GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with same regulatory changes also indicated that the continuously up-regulated DEGs are significantly enriched in cell wall component biosynthesis and hydrolase. Conclusion: These findings suggested that genes related to cell wall metabolism and cuticle biosynthesis may play important roles in regulating grape berry cracking. Our results provide a reference for further studies on the molecular mechanism underlying fruit cracking. © 2020, The Genetics Society of Korea.

语种： 英文

作者： Yu, Jun;Zhu, Mingtao;Wang, Meijun;Tang, Wanying;Wu, Sheng;...

期刊： Scientia Horticulturae,2020年261:108979 ISSN：0304-4238

通讯作者： Yang, Guoshun

作者机构： [Yang, Guoshun; Tang, Wanying; Zhu, Mingtao; Wang, Meijun; Wu, Sheng; Yu, Jun; Zhang, Kai] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Guoshun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Abscisic acid;Fruit cracking;Grape;Nordihydroguaiaretic acid;Peel

摘要： Fruit cracking is a phenomenon involving the splitting of the fruit peel, which causes considerable economic losses. The objective of the present study was to determine whether a nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) treatment can decrease the incidence of grape berry cracking in the cracking-susceptible Vitis vinifera cultivar ‘Aishen Meigui’. The results indicated that NDGA can significantly decrease the fruit-cracking rate. There may be two reasons for this observation. Firstly, the NDGA treatment decreased the synthesis of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) as well as the soluble sugar and total soluble solid contents, which ultimately lowered the osmotic pressure, water absorption capacity, and peel turgor pressure. Second, the decrease in the endogenous ABA content also decreased the pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase activities, delayed the degradation of pectin, increased the peel protopectin content, enhanced the peel mechanical properties, and increased the resistance to fruit cracking. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： 彭淼;毛曦;彭勃;林雪茜;白描;...

期刊： 现代食品科技,2020年36(10):8-15 ISSN：1673-9078

作者机构： [彭淼; 毛曦; 彭勃; Lin X.-X.; 白描; 杨国顺] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Grapes, Changsha, 410128, China

关键词： 刺葡萄酒;降血脂;高脂饮食大鼠

摘要： 本研究以SPF级SD大鼠为实验动物,探讨刺葡萄酒对高脂饲料喂养大鼠的降血脂作用及可能机制.结果 显示,刺葡萄酒能显著降低甘油三酯含量,低剂量刺葡萄酒能显著降低大鼠血清内总胆固醇至1.67 mmol/L (p＜0.05);中剂量刺葡萄酒处理能显著降低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(p＜0.01)并显著增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量至0.97 mmol/L (p＜0.05).各剂量刺葡萄酒处理能显著增加大鼠血清内超氧化物歧化酶和谷丙转氨酶(p＜0.01)的活性,显著降低血清丙二醛的含量(p＜0.05).Q-PCR结果显示,刺葡萄酒可促进高脂饮食大鼠肝脏卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰转移酶(LCAT)(1.47倍)、丙二酰辅酶A脱羧酶(MCD)(2.21倍)、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶(CPT-1)(1.31倍)的表达,抑制酯酰辅酶A:胆固醇酯酰转移酶(ACAT1)(1.95倍)、DGAT2(1.43倍)、线粒体解偶联蛋白2(UCP2)(1.98倍)等负调控基因的上调表达.本研究的结果证明适量刺葡萄酒可降低高脂饮食大鼠体内血脂水平,促进肝脏脂质代谢,抵抗高脂诱导的脂质过氧化.并且,该作用的发挥可能与刺葡萄酒调节肝脏脂质代谢关键基因表达与脂质代谢的相关酶活性有关.

语种： 中文

作者： 樊绍刚;吴胜;朱明涛;余俊;白描;...

期刊： 东北农业大学学报,2019年50(10):88-96 ISSN：1005-9369

作者机构： 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,长沙 415000;湖南农业大学湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,长沙 415000;[白描; 朱明涛; 樊绍刚; 杨国顺; 余俊; 吴胜] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 葡萄;生理休眠;休眠解除;应激;机理

摘要： 研究葡萄冬芽生理休眠形成和解除分子机理,是探索新的高效无毒休眠解除方法的前提条件。文章介绍葡萄芽休眠相关基本概念,详细分析葡萄冬芽生理休眠形成主因,以及光周期、激素、温度和水等影响因素作用情况,探讨生理休眠形成机理。根据休眠解除模型,探讨人工破眠处理下生理休眠解除分子响应机理,归纳研究成果支持论证休眠解除模型。预测葡萄芽休眠未来研究方向。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Tang, Wanying;Fan, Shaogang;Bai, Miao;...

期刊： Scientia Horticulturae,2019年256:108585 ISSN：0304-4238

通讯作者： Yang, Guoshun

作者机构： [Yang, Guoshun; Tang, Wanying; Zhu, Mingtao; Bai, Miao; Chen, Miaofang; Fan, Shaogang; Yu, Jun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Guoshun; Tang, Wanying; Zhu, Mingtao; Bai, Miao; Chen, Miaofang; Fan, Shaogang; Yu, Jun] Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Anthocyanin;Calcium;Calmodulin;Soluble sugar;Gene expression

摘要： The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of calcium treatments on the anthocyanin accumulation of ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries. Calcium treatments increased the calcium contents and enhanced the calmodulin activities in grapevine leaves and berries, upregulated the expression of the sugar transporter genes SUC12 and SUC27 in leaves, promoted the transport of photosynthetic products to berries, and increased the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes in the grape berry skin. These results indicate that the application of exogenous calcium enhances anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries in the following two ways: (1) calcium promotes the transport of photosynthetic products to berries, thereby providing the basic material required for anthocyanin biosynthesis; (2) calcium induces anthocyanin biosynthesis by regulating the expression of relevant structural and regulatory genes. Our results will help researchers characterize the mechanism responsible for the calcium-mediated promotion of anthocyanin biosynthesis in grapevine and related plant species. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： 周敏;杨国顺

期刊： 安徽农业科学,2019年47(22):164-169 ISSN：0517-6611

作者机构： 湖南生物机电职业技术学院,湖南长沙,410127;湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙,410128;[周敏] 湖南生物机电职业技术学院;[杨国顺] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 葡萄园;刺葡萄;土壤;肥力;评价

摘要： 在常规施肥的基础上,探究葡萄园土壤养分的动态变化,并对其肥力状况进行评价,为科学施肥提供指导。通过连续6年采集刺葡萄园土壤样品,测定土壤pH、有机质、氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼等含量,并根据综合指数法,对土壤肥力状况进行分级评价。结果表明,土壤pH主要分布在5.5～6.4,属于偏酸性土壤;有机质含量不足,土壤基础肥力较低;碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量较丰富,2015年达到过量水平;交换性钙、镁、有效硼含量缺乏,是影响土壤整体肥力水平的限制因子,其他养分含量均处于适宜水平。运用Nemoro综合指数法进行评价,结果表明,各单项肥力水平差异明显,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾肥力指数高于其他因子,土壤综合肥力逐年增加,但整体水平较低。在葡萄生产过程中应重视有机肥的使用,增施钙、镁、磷肥,改良土壤酸碱度,在开花前合理施用硼肥。该研究对该地区葡萄园土壤养分管理有一定参考意义。

语种： 中文

作者： 陈环;吴胜;唐婉莹;陈文婷;杨国顺;...

期刊： 中国酿造,2019年38(2):26-30 ISSN：0254-5071

作者机构： 湖南农业大学 园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128;湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410128;[唐婉莹; 白描; 陈环; 杨国顺; 吴胜; 陈文婷] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 刺葡萄酒;品质;橡木片;橡木块;影响

摘要： 为了改善刺葡萄酒的品质,以刺葡萄酒为试材,经不锈钢罐、不同产地及类型的橡木制品陈酿6个月后,检测刺葡萄酒的总糖、总酸、挥发酸等理化性质的差异.结果 表明,通过橡木制品的陈酿,刺葡萄酒的理化指标和感官品质得到明显改善和提升.橡木制品陈酿刺葡萄酒对其残糖和总酚含量影响较大,对刺葡萄酒的总酸、挥发酸、pH无显著性影响(P＞0.05).其中,法国中度烘烤橡木片陈酿的刺葡萄酒中残糖含量最高(4.85 g/L),显著高于对照(4.33 g/L)及其他组(P＜0.05),总酚含量为0.90 g/L,感官评分最高为85.1分;德国中度烘烤橡木片陈酿刺葡萄酒的总酚含量最高(1.03 g/L),显著高于其他组(P＜0.05),残糖含量为4.42 g/L,感官评分为81.0分.综合可知,法国中度烘烤的橡木片陈酿的刺葡萄酒品质较优.

语种： 中文

作者： 李琪;徐丰;白描;肖华;杨国顺;...

期刊： 中国南方果树,2019年48(1):62-65 ISSN：1007-1431

作者机构： 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院/湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心,长沙,410128;[白描; 刘昆玉; 肖华; 杨国顺; 徐丰; 李琪] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 葡萄;冬芽;主芽坏死;花芽分化

摘要： 探索葡萄冬芽主芽坏死的规律和分析影响主芽坏死的可能原因,利用解剖观测的方式对湖南长沙和山东济南种植的"红地球"冬芽主芽坏死进行对比;在葡萄萌芽期、摘心期、盛花期、第一次膨大期、浆果生长期、浆果成熟期、采果期和休眠期,对湖南长沙种植的"美人指""香妃""红罗莎里奥""爱神玫瑰""白罗莎里奥""甲斐乙女""红地球"7个欧亚种品种和"摩尔多瓦""金手指""阳光玫瑰""夏黑无核"4个欧美种品种的冬芽主芽坏死情况解剖观测和统计分析。结果表明:湖南长沙和山东济南种植的"红地球"葡萄冬芽均存在主芽坏死现象,且湖南长沙更严重。湖南长沙11个葡萄品种均出现了主芽坏死现象,且品种间差异有显著性(p<0.05),欧亚种的坏死程度普遍比欧美种严重。主芽坏死一经形成不可逆转,主芽坏死发生高峰期为第一次膨大期和浆果成熟期。结果枝主芽坏死率较营养枝高,且各品种结果枝主芽坏死率较高的节位均集中在第7~8节位。分析认为,品种基因型、品种属性、树体营养不足、较高的赤霉素含量均可能是影响葡萄冬芽主芽坏死的主要因素。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhu, Mingtao;Yu, Jun;Wu, Sheng;Wang, Meijun;Yang, Guoshun*

期刊： HORTSCIENCE,2019年54(9):1521-1525 ISSN：0018-5345

通讯作者： Yang, Guoshun

作者机构： [Yang, Guoshun] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China;Hunan Engn & Technol Res Ctr Grape, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China

通讯机构： [Yang, Guoshun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： antioxidant enzymes;precocious maturation;riboflavin;spine grape

摘要： Spine grape (Vitis davidii Foex) is an important wild plant species in South China. To provide economical and environmentally safe ways to promote the precocious maturation of spine grape berries, the effects of riboflavin were investigated. Riboflavin affected the reactive oxygen species metabolism in spine grape berries by increasing superoxide radical production and the hydrogen peroxide content, and it impaired the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. Riboflavin also induced the upregulated expression of maturation-related genes in advance, and the earlier accumulation of anthocyanin and total soluble solids. Phenological observations revealed that the treated grape berries underwent a color-turning stage 9 days earlier than the control, and the maturation stage occurred 7 days earlier than the control. Thus, riboflavin may significantly promote the precocious maturation of spine grape berries. © 2019 American Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： 陈文婷;白描;唐婉莹;谭君;王美军;...

期刊： 菌物学报,2018年37(6):703-711 ISSN：1672-6472

作者机构： [陈文婷; 白描; 唐婉莹; 谭君; 王美军; 杨国顺] 湖南农业大学园艺园林学院, 湖南省葡萄工程技术研究中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 酵母;葡萄酒复膜孢酵母;单萜;香叶醇

摘要： 从中国湖南省刺葡萄果实表面分离到一株产香酵母LA24.对其进行了详细的形态特征描述,提供了显微镜的观察结果;通过对大亚基rRNA基因(LSU rDNA)D1/D2区序列进行PCR扩增,测序,并与NCBI数据库比对确定该菌为葡萄酒复膜孢酵母Saccharomycopsis vini.GC‐QQQ鉴定该酵母能以葡萄糖为原料合成香叶醇、香茅醇和微量的α‐松油醇和芳樟醇等单萜类物质.该菌株为首次报道具有合成单萜类能力的葡萄酒复膜孢酵母,为微生物合成单萜类生物途径的研究提供独特材料.

语种： 中文