作者机构：
[牟建莉; 黄晗羽; 陈梦洁; 王仁才; 罗飞雄] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China;[唐育辉] Yulin Fruit Production Professional Cooperative of Liuyang City, Hunan, Changsha, 410308, China
摘要：
Genetic assessment of pear regeneration population is very important for genetic fidelity maintenance in genetic engineering breeding. In this research, a regeneration system for a pear dwarfing rootstock cultivar, 'Qingzhen D1', was established using NN69 medium supplemented with different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The genetic stability of the regenerated population was evaluated through flow cytometry (FCM) and whole genome resequencing techniques. The highest regeneration rate (93%) was induced on NN69 medium supplemented with 3.0mg.L- 1 TDZ and 2.4mg.L- 1 IBA, with 3.9 adventitious buds per leaf. No phenotypes and ploidy changes were detected in regeneration population. But a high variation frequency (5.0 x 10 (- 4)) at a single site was detected. The mutations occurred most frequently on chromosome 5, 10 and 15, while least 4. High-impact changes only accounted for 0.065% of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and 1.429% of insertions or deletions of nucleotides from a sequence (Indels) of all polymorphisms, most of which caused by frameshift. Functional analysis of genes affected by high-impact variants showed that they were mainly related to adaptation to environment. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the application of pear genetic engineering breeding in the future.
作者机构：
[王仁才; 庞立; 王琰] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;[何小娥] College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Hunan Applied Technology University, Changde, 415100, China;[卜范文] Hunan Institute of Horticulture, Changsha, 410125, China;[石浩] College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Hunan Applied Technology University, Changde, 415100, China
作者：
Hong Liu;Li Pang;Xun Lu;Ren Cai Wang;Qian Zhou*
期刊：
PLANT DISEASE,2020年104(2):579 ISSN：0191-2917
通讯作者：
Qian Zhou
作者机构：
[Hong Liu; Qian Zhou] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China;[Xun Lu] Agricultural Science Institute of XiangXi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 416000, China;[Li Pang; Ren Cai Wang] College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Qian Zhou] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
关键词：
Phomopsis longicolla;postharvest fruit rot;kiwifruit
作者机构：
[Li, Jing; Wang, Rencai] Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yaodong; Li, Dongxia; Kareem, Abdul; Wu, Yi; Li, Jing; Htwe, Yin Min; Wang, Yong] Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Coconut Res Inst, Wenchang 571339, Peoples R China.;[Htwe, Yin Min] Minist Educ, Biotechnol Res Dept, Kyaukse 100301, Myanmar.;[Kareem, Abdul] Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agr Univ, Dept Hort, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Rencai] H;[Wang, Yong] C;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Coconut Res Inst, Wenchang 571339, Peoples R China.
摘要：
<jats:p>Haustorium absorbs energy from the endosperms (liquid and solid) and plays a key role in nutrient mobilization during coconut germination and seedling growth. This study was conducted to shed light on possible interactions between haustorium and endosperms during this process. Germination rates and morphological changes of coconut cultivars Hainan Tall (HT) and Red Dwarf (RD), as well as the profiles of sugars and fatty acids in endosperms and haustorium were also analyzed. Results showed that liquid and solid endosperm inside the coconut exhausts successively, while haustorium occupies the nut gradually. Haustorium had significant positive correlation with seedling, while it had significant negative correlation with liquid and solid endosperms. Sugars in liquid endosperm continuously decreased, whereas in solid endosperm and haustorium accumulated at early stages and decreased later along with the aggressive seedling growth. Fatty acids in solid endosperm shared a very similar trend with sugars. In conclusion, haustorium development and seedling growth mainly depend on the nutrients stored in the liquid endosperm at early stages and then depend on the solid endosperm, in which fatty acids degrade rapidly to sugar so as to provide enough energy. These findings could be applicable in coconut germination and seedling propagation.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Core Ideas</jats:bold>
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<jats:list-item><jats:p>Relative cool season (25–29°C) is more suitable for coconut germination and local variety (HT) is more adaptable.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>Development mainly depends on stored nutrients in liquid endosperm at early stages and then on solid endosperm.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>Fatty acids in solid endosperm degrade rapidly to sugars since liquid endosperm almost exhausted.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>Conversion of fatty acids to sugars helps provide enough energy for rapidly growing haustorium and seedling.</jats:p></jats:list-item>
</jats:list></jats:p>
作者机构：
[王仁才; 庞立; 王琰; 王芳芳] College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, 410128, China;College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hunan Applied Technology University, Changde, 415100, China;[石浩] College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hunan Applied Technology University, Changde, 415100, China
通讯机构：
College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, China
