摘要：
Camellia oleifera Abel. is a cultivable plant with important economic value. It is very helpful for the scientific utilization, cultivation and preservation of germplasm resources through evaluating the genetic diversity. In this study, we estimated the genetic distances of 135 accessions of C. oleifera using ISSR and SCoT markers, respectively. The genetic dissimilarity coefficients of ISSR markers ranged from 0.56 to 1.00. And the accessions were divided into five groups. While the genetic dissimilarity coefficients of SCoT markers ranged from 0.62 to 1.00, the accessions were divided into four groups. The results demonstrated that C. oleifera germplasms perform a little genetic variation. This is the first report to evaluate the genetic diversity of different C. oleifera germplasms using the ISSR and SCoT molecular markers, and the results provide the useful foundation for plant breeding of C. oleifera.
摘要：
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum</jats:italic> f. sp. <jats:italic>niveum</jats:italic> (FON) is a soil-borne disease that seriously limits watermelon production. In the present study, <jats:italic>Trichoderma asperellum</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>T. asperellum</jats:italic>) M45a was shown to be an effective biocontrol agent against FW. In a pot experiment, the application of 10<jats:sup>5</jats:sup>cfu/g of <jats:italic>T. asperellum</jats:italic> M45a granules had an improved control effect on FW during the blooming period (up to 67.44%) in soils subjected to five years of continuous cropping with watermelon, while the average length of watermelon vines was also significantly improved (P < 0.05). Additionally, the acid phosphatase (ACP), cellulase (CL), catalase (CAT), and sucrase (SC) activities in the M45a-inoculation group were significantly higher than those in the control (CK) group, and transformation of the soil nutrients (total N, NO3-N, and available P) was significantly increased. Moreover, <jats:italic>T. asperellum</jats:italic> M45a inoculation reduced fungal diversity, increased bacterial diversity and especiallyenhanced the relative abundance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as <jats:italic>Trichoderma, Sphingomonas</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Actinomadura</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Rhodanobacter</jats:italic>. Through functional prediction, the relative abundance of ectomycorrhiza, endophytes, animal pathotrophs, and saprotrophs in the fungal community was determined to be significantly lower than that observed in the M45a-treated soil. Correlation analysis revealed that <jats:italic>Sphingomonas</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> had the most differences in terms of microorganism abundance, and these differences were positively correlated with ACP, CL, CAT, and SC. These findings provide guidance for the use of fungicides to achieve microecological control of FW in continuously cropped watermelon plots.</jats:p>
摘要：
The microbial fermentation process has been used as an alternative pathway to the production of value-added natural products. Of the microorganisms, Yarrowia lipolytica, as an oleaginous platform, is able to produce fatty acid-derived biofuels and biochemicals. Nowadays, there are growing progresses on the production of value-added fatty acid-based bioproducts in Y. lipolytica. However, there are fewer reviews performing the metabolic engineering strategies and summarizing the current production of fatty acid-based bioproducts in Y. lipolytica. To this end, we briefly provide the fatty acid metabolism, including fatty acid biosynthesis, transportation, and degradation. Then, we introduce the various metabolic engineering strategies for increasing bioproduct accumulation in Y. lipolytica. Further, the advanced progress in the production of fatty acid-based bioproducts by Y. lipolytica, including nutraceuticals, biofuels, and biochemicals, is summarized. This review will provide attractive thoughts for researchers working in the field of Y. lipolytica.
关键词：
Activation energy;Citrus fruits;Emission spectroscopy;High temperature applications;Light emitting diodes;Phosphors;Solid state reactions;Thermodynamic stability;Chromaticity coordinates;Concentration quenching;Concentration-dependent;Diffuse reflection spectra;Excitation and emission spectra;High temperature solid-state reaction;Internal quantum efficiency;Plant growth;Light emission
摘要：
In this paper, a series of novel orange-red emission phosphors Sr8ZnY(PO4)(7):Sm3+ (SZYP:Sm3+) were synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction. The photoluminescence and concentration-dependent properties of this phosphor were investigated carefully through diffuse reflection spectra, excitation and emission spectra, Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinate and decay times. SZYP:Sm3+ could be efficiently excited by n-UV and blue lights which center at 318, 345, 363, 376, 401, 410, 440 and 475 nm, respectively. The characteristic orange-red emission peaking at 563, 601 and 647 nm had been detected, which should be attributed to the characteristic f-f forbidden transition of Sm3+. The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of ideal phosphor of SZYP:0.09Sm(3+) reached as high as 47%. In addition, The concentration quenching mechanism and thermal stability of SZYP:Sm3+ were further investigated. It was found SZYP:Sm3+ can maintain 93% of initial emission intensity at 150 degrees C and the corresponding activation energy was calculated to be 0.26 eV based on Arrhenius formula. The emission intensity of 1.0Mg(2+) and 0.02Al(3+) incorporated SZYP:0.09Sm(3+) reached up to 134% and 117% of the initial value, respectively. Moreover, (light-emitting diodes) LED devices were fabricated by employing the optimized samples as orange-red component with 365 nm n-UV chips. The desired emission in plant absorption region and extremely high thermal stability imply that SZYP:Sm3+ is suitable for the application in plant growth LED lighting. (C) 2019 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
The numerous functional properties and biological effects of chitosan and chito-oligosaccharides (COS) have led to a significant level of interest, particularly with regard to their potential use in the agricultural, environmental, nutritional, and pharmaceutical fields. This review covers recent studies on the biological functions of COS and the impacts of dietary chitosan and COS on metabolism. The majority of results suggest that the use of chitosan as a feed additive has favorable biological effects, such as antimicrobial, anti-oxidative, cholesterol reducing, and immunomodulatory effects. The biological impacts reviewed herein may provide a new appreciation for the future use of COS.
