作者： Zhu, Jun Zi*;Li, Chang Xin*;Ma, Ya-Ming*;Zhong, Jie*;Li, Xiao Gang*

期刊： PLANT DISEASE,2021年105(4):1202-1202 ISSN：0191-2917

通讯作者： Zhu, Jun Zi;Li, Chang Xin;Ma, Ya-Ming;Zhong, Jie;Li, Xiao Gang

作者机构： [Zhu, Jun Zi] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, Changsha, China;[Zhu, Jun Zi] 442118535@qq.com;[Li, Chang Xin] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China, Changsha, China;[Li, Chang Xin] 1030435448@qq.com;[Ma, Ya-Ming] Jinyun Plant protective station, Changsha, China

通讯机构： [Jie Zhong; Xiao Gang Li] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China

关键词： Causal Agent;Crop Type;Fungi;Ornamentals;Pathogen detection;Subject Areas;herbaceous/flowering plants

摘要： Aloe vera (L.) Burm f. is a perennial herb belonging to the family liliaceae. It is widely grown for medicinal, cosmetic and vegetable use. In 2018 and 2019, a root rot disease occurred on potted A. vera plants in a nursery in the Hunan Province of China. Symptoms of the disease include water soaking lesions, brown spots on taproot or basal part of the stem. The plants were easy to pull out when the taproot is rotten or necrotic. As the disease progressed upward, leaves in the basal part of stems became red-brown and gradually fell off. In severe cases, the whole plants became rotten and wilted. For isolation purposes, diseased tissues were excised from the lesion margins, surface disinfested with 70% ethanol for 10 s, 0.1% HgCl2 for 2 min, rinsed with sterile water thrice, and then placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 26°C for 3 days in the dark. When cultured on PDA, fungal strains with similar morphology were consistently isolated and purified by single spore isolation. Colonies showed thick, pink aerial mycelium with a growth rate of 1.3 cm /day. The pigmentation was more intense in the colony center and became pale orange and white at the edge of colony. When cultured on SNA (Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar), the fungus showed less pigmentation and thinner hyphae. Microconidia were abundantly produced, clavate and oval to kidney shaped, 7.1 to 15.2 μm × 2.5 to 5.1 μm, with 0 to 1 transverse septa. Macroconidia were sickle shaped, slender, slightly incurved in apical cell and foot-shaped in the basal cell, measured 27.9 to 53.2 μm × 2.5 to 3.5 μm, with 3 to 5 septa. These morphological characteristics were similar with those of Fusarium spp. (Booth 1971). For molecular identification, genomic DNA of the fungus was extracted by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide method. A portion of EF-1α (translation elongation factor 1-α) and RPB1 (the largest subunit of RNA polymerase) genes were amplified and directly sequenced using the EF-1/EF-2 and Fa/G2R primers (O'Donnell et al. 2010). The EF-1α and RPB1 were deposited in the GenBank with accession numbers MT755386 and MT755387. The EF-1α and RPB1 had 97.14% (ID FD_01334) and 99.62% identity (FD_03853), respectively, to F. xylarioides strains in the Fusarium-ID database (Geiser et al. 2004). In addition, the EF1-a showed 96.825% identity to the F. lateritium CBS 119871(AM295281) (a synonym of F. xylarioides), and the RPB1 showed 99.623% identity to the F. xylarioides NRRL 25486 (JX171517.1). Accordingly, the fungus was putatively identified to be F. xylarioides. For pathogenicity assay, A.vera seedlings were pot planted using sterilized nursery soil and inoculated with conidia suspension (1 × 105 conidia/ml), which were eluted from 7-day-old PDA cultures with sterilized water, according to the method described previously (Vakalounakis et al. 2015). The collar of each potted plant was poured with 20 ml of conidia suspensions. Plants mock inoculated with sterile water were used as control. All the inoculated plants were placed in a growth chamber at 25°C under 12/12 h light/dark cycle. The inoculation assays were carried out twice, with each one had three replicated plants. After 30 days, rot symptoms seen from the roots and basal part of stems were observed on the inoculated plants, but no visible symptoms were observed on control plants. The fungus was re-isolated from the inoculated plants and identified to be F. xylarioides by morphological and molecular characteristics, thus confirming Koch's postulates. As we know, many Fusarium species have been reported to cause root and stem rot disease in A.vera such as the F. oxysporum (Ji et al. 2007) and F. solani (Vakalounakis et al. 2015). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. xylarioides causing root and stem rot disease of A.vera in China. The identification of the pathogen fungus might provide a foundation for taking appropriate control strategies to this disease.

语种： 英文

作者： Chen, Jin;Zhu, Jun Zi;Li, Xiao Gang;He, Ai Guo;Xia, Shi Tou*;...

期刊： Crop Protection,2021年140:105424 ISSN：0261-2194

通讯作者： Zhong, Jie;Xia, Shi Tou

作者机构： [Chen, Jin; Zhong, Jie; Zhu, Jun Zi; Li, Xiao Gang] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Jin; Xia, Shi Tou] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Jin; He, Ai Guo] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agroenvironm & Ecol, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Zhong, Jie; Xia, Shi Tou] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Technol, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Botrytis cinerea;Gray mold disease;Polygonatum sibiricum

摘要： Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb and can also be used as tea and ornamental plant. During 2016 to 2018, a disease with symptoms similar to gray mold was extensively observed on leaves of P. sibiricum in the Sichuan Province of China. The pathogen was isolated from the diseased plants and identified as Botrytis cinerea based on the morphological features and Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), DNA dependent RNA polymerase subunit II gene (RPB2), heat-shock protein 60 gene (HSP60) and ATP-dependent RNA helicase DBP7 gene (MS547) all of which showed 99.89%–99.91% identities to the reported B. cinerea strains. Pathogenicity was confirmed through inoculation experiments fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. cinerea causing gray mold disease on P. sibiricum in China. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

语种： 英文

作者： 张盈;吴小虎;李晓刚;段婷婷;徐军;...

期刊： 生物技术通报,2020年36(12):64-74 ISSN：1002-5464

作者机构： [张盈; 段婷婷] 贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所;[郑永权; 徐军; 董丰收; 吴小虎; 刘新刚] 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所;湖南农业大学植物保护学院;[李晓刚] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 异噁草酮;土壤微生物;群落结构;分子生态学网络;功能预测

摘要： 本实验研究了温室条件下,连续两年施用异噁草酮后土壤微生物群落组成及N转化功能微生物的响应。第二次施药后第7天、15天、30天、60天和90天采集土壤,测定异噁草酮残留量和相关微生物指标。研究结果显示异噁草酮降解半衰期为17.4 d。施药后第15天细菌拷贝数降低,Alpha多样性增加;真菌拷贝数在第15天和60天显著降低,Alpha多样性在第7天和第90天显著降低。主成分分析(PCoA)显示,整个培养期间细菌和真菌的群落组成显著改变。分子生态网络分析表明,异噁草酮增加分子生态网络中节点数、连接数、平均度和平均路径长度,显著改变模块枢纽与联络者。FAPROTAX功能预测结果表明异噁草酮主要降低反硝化作用。

语种： 中文

作者： Wang, Ya;Li, Chaonan;Wang, Ting;Li, Xinwen;Li, Xiaogang*

期刊： LANGMUIR,2020年36(41):12336-12345 ISSN：0743-7463

通讯作者： Li, Xiaogang

作者机构： [Wang, Ting; Li, Xiaogang; Li, Chaonan; Wang, Ya] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xinwen] Hunan Plant Protect & Inspect Stn, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xiaogang] Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Bio Pesticide &, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, Xiaogang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Bio Pesticide &, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.

关键词： Acetone;Controlled drug delivery;Dichloromethane;Differential scanning calorimetry;Dimethylformamide;Graphene;Microspheres;Organic solvents;Polyesters;Targeted drug delivery;Active components;Carrier material;Fungicidal activity;N ,N-Dimethylformamide;Poly lactic acid;Rhizoctonia solani;Sustained release;Water-insoluble pesticides;Pesticides

摘要： A pesticide carrier system can offer advantages to active components, such as improving shelf life, extending the lasting period, and reducing toxicity, all of which could reduce the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment. Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising medical drug carrier material, and its research in the field of pesticides is still in the exploration stage. Herein, in order to load water-insoluble pesticides, a series of polylactic acid-graphene oxides (PLA-GOs) were produced incorporating small amounts (0.1-1 wt %) of GO using acetone-chloroform and N,N-dimethylformamide-dichloromethane, two dual-solvent systems. The prepared PLA-GO carrier materials were characterized by FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and their effects on rice growth within 20 days were also evaluated. When the amount of GO added was 0.5% and the solvent system was acetone-chloroform, the amount of pyraclostrobin (Pyr) loaded on PLA-GO (A-0.5%) was very high (39.89%). The PLA-GO pesticide microsphere showed a significantly sustained release of Pyr (up to 30 d). Furthermore, the indoor bioassay results showed that the PLA-GO pesticide microsphere (EC50 = 1.2682) had the best fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, followed by Pyr technical (EC50 = 2.3137) and commercial Pyr microcapsule suspension (EC50 = 3.4570). In conclusion, it was found that PLA-GOs prepared using the acetone-chloroform system were more suitable as a pesticide carrier, which provided a preliminary basis for GO to realize the coating of water-insoluble pesticides. © 2020 American Chemical Society.

语种： 英文

作者： 陈伟;张星;尹凌洁;王娅;李晓刚

期刊： 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2020年46(4):437-442 ISSN：1007-1032

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;国家南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 国家南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农业有害生物预警与防控工程研究中心, 湖南省农业有害生物预警与防控工程研究中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农情分析研究中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;[陈伟; 李晓刚; 张星; 王娅] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 十六烷基三甲基对甲苯磺酸铵;介孔二氧化硅;光响应;对氨基偶氮苯

摘要： 采用软模板法,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源、十六烷基三甲基对甲苯磺酸铵(CTATos)为模板剂,分别以三乙醇胺(TEOA)和氨水为碱源,调节乙醇和水的比例,制备介孔二氧化硅,结果表明:制备纳米尺寸介孔二氧化硅的最佳反应条件为TEOS 1.56 mL、CTATos 1.92 g、TEOA 1.9 mL、乙醇10.5 mL、水74.5 mL;制备亚微级尺寸介孔二氧化硅的最佳反应条件为TEOS 1.56 mL、CTATos 1.92 g、氨水1.9 mL、乙醇42 mL、水43.5 mL。采用嫁接法,以偶氮苯衍生物为改性材料对介孔二氧化硅进行光响应功能化;运用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外–可见光分光光度计(UV–vis)和热重分析仪(TGA)进行表征,结果制备的介孔二氧化硅粒径可控,大小均一,分散性良好,改性后的介孔二氧化硅具有光响应性能。

语种： 中文

作者： 王宁;赵焕焕;陈根宝;张星;李晓刚

期刊： 农药,2019年58(7):491-494 ISSN：1006-0413

作者机构： [陈根宝; 赵焕焕; 王宁] 江苏省农药研究所股份有限公司;南方粮油作物协同创新中心湖南农业大学植物保护学院;农业有害生物预警与防控湖南省工程研究中心;[李晓刚; 张星] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 氟环唑;嘧菌酯;悬浮剂;水稻纹枯病病菌;生物活性

摘要： [目的]制备35%氟环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂,评价悬浮剂的生物活性。[方法]采用湿法砂磨工艺制备35%氟环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂,对配方中润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、消泡剂和防腐剂等助剂进行筛选,对该悬浮剂的悬浮率、分散性、热贮稳定性等性能指标进行测试。采用菌丝生长速率法测定悬浮剂对水稻纹枯病病菌的毒力,评价悬浮剂的生物活性。[结果]35%氟环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂的最佳配方为氟环唑15%,嘧菌酯20%,Emulson AG TRST 4%,TERSPERSE 2500 2%,硅酸镁铝0.5%,黄原胶0.15%,乙二醇5%,防腐剂S30 0.5%,消泡剂AF1501 0.5%,水补足至100%。35%氟环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂对水稻纹枯病病菌的生物活性高于12.5%氟环唑悬浮剂。[结论]35%氟环唑·嘧菌酯悬浮剂的各项性能指标均符合悬浮剂的标准要求,对防治水稻纹枯病有明显的增效作用。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhu, Jun Zi;Li, Chang Xin;Zhang, Chao Jun;Wang, Ying;Li, Xiao Gang*;...

期刊： Crop Protection,2019年122:171-174 ISSN：0261-2194

通讯作者： Li, Xiao Gang;Zhong, Jie

作者机构： [Zhong, Jie; Zhang, Chao Jun; Wang, Ying; Li, Xiao Gang; Zhong, J; Li, Chang Xin; Zhu, Jun Zi] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, XG; Zhong, J] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Nongda Rd 1, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Fruit rot disease;Fusarium solani;Identification;Prunus persica

摘要： During 2017 to 2018, a fruit rot of peach (Prunus persica) occurred in Hunan Province of China. The symptoms showed as soft, brown water-soaked lesions with offwhite sporulation, in some cases, on the fruit surface, extending in the flesh, which was decayed. The fungus was isolated and identified as Fusarium solani based on morphological characteristics and molecular identification using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), a portion of the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) and beta-tubulin gene sequences. The pathogenicity of the isolated F. solani was confirmed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani causing fruit rot of peach in Hunan, China.

语种： 英文

作者： 王昱翔;朱宏建;张志刚;王娅;张盈;...

期刊： 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2019年45(4):378-383 ISSN：1007-1032

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 国家南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农业有害生物预警与防控工程研究中心, 湖南省农业有害生物预警与防控工程研究中心, 湖南, 长沙, 410128;湖南省棉花科学研究所, 湖南, 常德, 415101;[朱宏建; 李晓刚; 王昱翔; 段伟鹏; 张盈; 王娅] 湖南农业大学;[张志刚] 湖南省棉花科学研究所

关键词： 棉花种子;悬浮剂;噻虫嗪;多菌灵;吡唑醚菌酯;正交设计;成膜剂;叶绿素;游离脯氨酸

摘要： 为制备直播棉种子用25%噻虫嗪·多菌灵·吡唑醚菌酯种子处理悬浮剂(25%噻·多·唑醚FS),分别采用流点法及正交试验设计对主要助剂进行筛选,并合成了可溶性淀粉-苯乙烯二元共聚物成膜剂,对25%噻·多·唑醚FS质量指标进行了测定,评价其对棉花种子发芽率、幼苗叶绿素、游离脯氨酸含量的影响。所制备制剂中,有效成分噻虫嗪、多菌灵和吡唑醚菌酯分别为10%、10%和5%,润湿分散剂W600和D800、黏度调节剂黄原酸胶和硅酸镁铝的质量分数分别为2.5%和4.0%、0.18%和0.30%,防冻剂乙二醇5%,色浆海舒液体红2R 2%。经测定,25%噻·多·唑醚FS黏度为204.21 mPa·s,粒径D90、D50、D10分别为1.25、0.82、0.35 μm,离心沉淀率为8.34%,悬浮率96.02%,热贮析水率4.72%,脱落率为3.35%。成膜剂的成膜时间为11.33 min,包衣均匀度为91.67%。以药种比为1∶50处理棉种,发芽率为95.67%,比空白对照提高了1.78%;棉幼苗叶绿素含量增加了70.54%;游离脯氨酸含量增加了77.55%。25%噻·多·唑醚种子处理悬浮剂成膜稳定性好,对棉花种子安全,发芽率高,有利于促进棉花幼苗发育生长。

语种： 中文

作者： Li, Z. R.;Liu, Y. B.;Zhou, X. M.;Li, X. G.*;Bai, L. Y.*

期刊： Allelopathy Journal,2019年46(1):85-95 ISSN：0971-4693

通讯作者： Li, X. G.;Bai, L. Y.

作者机构： [Li, XG; Bai, L. Y.; Li, X. G.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Agr Biotechnol Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, XG; Bai, LY] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Allelopathic effects;Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) fern;Defense enzyme activity;Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) beauv;Ethanol extract;GC-MS;Germination;Herbicidal;Leptochloa chinensis (L.) nees;Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) philcox;Veronica persica (Lour.) merr

摘要： We investigated the herbicidal activity of ethanolic extracts of Veronica persica (Lour.) Merr. against four weeds (Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern., Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees and Lindernia procumbens (Krock.). The chemical constituents of V. persica were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The possible inhibitory mechanisms of the ethanolic V. persica (Lour.) Merr. extracts to E. crusgalli (L.) Beauv. were evaluated by comparing the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Lower extract concentrations (50 and 100 μg/mL) were less inhibitory than higher concentrations (150 and 300 μg/mL). The allelopathic herbicidal effects of V. persica (Lour.) Merr. on the 4-test weeds followed the order: L. chinensis (L.) Nees, L. procumbens (Krock.) Philcox, B. syzigachne (Steud.) Fern., E. crusgalli (L.) Beauv.. Twenty-one compounds were identified in the ethanolic extracts, of which 9,12,15-octadec-atrienoic acid (EC50=0.65 μg/mL) was the major component, followed by 4-compounds [9,12-octadecadienoic acid, hexadecanoic acid (EC50=7.13 μg/mL) and decanoic acid (EC50=0.48μg/mL)]. All these compounds were herbicidal. The CAT, POD and SOD activity of E. crusgalli (L.) Beauv. leaves increased at lower concentrations of V. persica (Lour.) Merr. extracts, but decreased at higher concentrations. It was concluded that V. persica (Lour.) Merr. had strong allelopathic herbicidal activity, thus a standard herbicide against weeds can be developed from its major components. © 2019, International Allelopathy Foundation. All rights reserved.

语种： 英文

作者： 丁宇倩;任佐华;黎圆花;周瑚;李晓刚;...

期刊： 农药,2019年58(6):415-419 ISSN：1006-0413

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院;[丁宇倩; 戴良英; 刘二明; 周瑚] 植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室;南方粮油作物协同创新中心;[李晓刚; 黎圆花; 任佐华] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 枯草芽孢杆菌;可湿性粉剂;稻瘟病;防治效果

摘要： [目的]为了研制一种对水稻稻瘟病具有良好防治效果的生防菌剂。[方法]以枯草芽孢杆菌JN005为材料,采用单因素法和正交试验法筛选出对菌株JN005活性影响最小的载体和助剂及其配比。采用喷雾接种法测定了不同时期喷施枯草芽孢杆菌JN005可湿性粉剂对盆栽水稻品种湘晚籼12号苗叶瘟病的防治效果。[结果]可湿性粉剂的最佳配方为枯草芽孢杆菌JN005菌冻干粉10%,茶皂素5%,Yus-WP1 5%,羧甲基纤维素(CMC)1%,白炭黑79%,该可湿性粉剂活菌含量为1.98×10~(10) cfu/g,细度98%,润湿时间112 s,悬浮率77.24%,pH值7.2,热贮稳定性82.83%,干燥减量1%。当水稻长至3叶1心,接种稻瘟病菌分生孢子悬浮液(浓度2×10~5 cfu/mL),在接种前3 d和1 d喷施浓度为1.98×10~7 cfu/g的JN005可湿性粉剂,其对苗叶瘟防效分别为85.52%和86.37%;而在接种稻瘟病菌后第3天喷施生防菌JN005可湿性粉剂防效高达94.34%。[结论]枯草芽孢杆菌JN005可湿性粉剂对水稻稻瘟病有较好防效,可进一步在田间开展稻瘟病防治试验和示范。

语种： 中文

作者： 王娅;王昱翔;张盈;张星;陈伟;...

期刊： 农药学学报,2018年20(4):506-513 ISSN：1008-7303

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院,南方粮油作物协同创新中心,长沙 410128;农业有害生物预警与防控湖南省工程研究中心,长沙 410128;[王娅; 王昱翔; 张盈; 张星; 陈伟; 李晓刚] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 长沙, 410128 农业有害生物预警与防控湖南省工程研究中心, 农业有害生物预警与防控湖南省工程研究中心, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 吡唑醚菌酯;二氧化硅;微球;释放动力学;控释;缓释;稻瘟病菌;生物活性

摘要： 为了对二氧化硅载药体系进行评价,以吡唑醚菌酯为模式农药,利用其与正硅酸乙酯在碱性条件下的水解缩合反应,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,制备了吡唑醚菌酯/二氧化硅微球。通过扫描电子显微镜、Nicolet iS5傅里叶变换红外光谱及高效液相色谱等表征了微球的表面形态和化学结构,测定了其在水中的光解速率;并采用透析袋法探讨了该微球在不同pH值和不同温度下的缓释行为,通过菌丝生长速率法测定了该微球对稻瘟病菌的毒力,评价了其生物活性。结果表明:所制备的吡唑醚菌酯/二氧化硅微球外观形貌较为规整,粒径在0.998~1.428 μm之间,其最大载药量可达50.73%。该微球在碱性条件下的释药速率快于酸性条件下,且其释放均符合一级反应动力学方程,在中性条件下其释药符合Ritger-Peppas方程;与pH值相比,温度对其释药速率的影响较小。给药后第5天,所制备吡唑醚菌酯/二氧化硅微球的毒力与原药相近,给药后第9天,其毒力是原药的11.7倍,缓释效果显著。该吡唑醚菌酯/二氧化硅微球在紫外灯照射10 h后光解率为38.98%,明显低于吡唑醚菌酯原药的光解率(68.92%)。

语种： 中文

作者： 刘一平;罗香文;陈武荣;郑尊涛;朱光艳;...

期刊： 农药学学报,2018年20(2):232-238 ISSN：1008-7303

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农业科学院, 长沙, 410125;农业部农药检定所, 北京, 100125;[刘一平] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128 湖南省农业科学院, 长沙, 410125;[罗香文; 陈武荣] 湖南省农业科学院, 长沙, 410125

关键词： 马拉硫磷;西葫芦;残留;风险评估;最大残留限量

摘要： 利用气相色谱-火焰光度检测器(GC-FPD)测定了马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的残留量,根据2016年湖南、山东、北京、安徽、山西和黑龙江6地马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的规范性残留试验,对中国各类人群和不同作物中的马拉硫磷进行了膳食风险评估。样品用乙腈提取,丙酮置换乙腈后,GC-FPD检测。结果表明:在0.02~8.0 mg/kg添加水平下,马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的回收率在88%~109%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为5%,定量限(LOQ)为0.02 mg/kg。湖南和山东的消解动态试验结果显示,马拉硫磷的半衰期为2.74~4.65 d,属于易降解农药;6地的最终残留试验结果表明,距最后一次施药3、5、7 d后,西葫芦中马拉硫磷的最终残留量在 < 0.02~0.049 mg/kg之间。针对西葫芦的膳食风险评估结果显示,中国各类人群对马拉硫磷的国家估计每日摄入量(NEDI)为0.115~0.207 μg/(kg bw·d),风险商值(RQ)为0.000 4~0.000 7;全膳食暴露风险评估结果显示,马拉硫磷在各类食物中的NEDI值为82.251 μg/(kg bw·d),RQ值为0.275 1,表明马拉硫磷在西葫芦中的长期膳食摄入风险较低。推荐中国马拉硫磷在西葫芦上的最大残留限量值(MRL)为0.1 mg/kg,可确保中国西葫芦的食用安全性。

语种： 中文

作者： Liu, Yiping;Zhang, Ya;Liu, Shuangqing;Lu, Yuntao;Lin, Ronghua;...

期刊： 中国化学工程学报(英文版),2018年26(10):2185-2191 ISSN：1004-9541

通讯作者： Liao, Xiaolan;Li, Xiaogang

作者机构： [Zhang, Ya; Liu, Shuangqing; Li, Xiaogang; Liao, XL; Li, XG; Liao, Xiaolan; Liu, Yiping] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Yuntao; Liu, Yiping] Inst Control Agrochem, Changsha 410005, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Ronghua; Li, Min] Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Inst Control Agrochem, Beijing 100125, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Liao, XL; Li, XG] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Cyhalodiamide;QuEChERS;Rice;Residue;Degradation kinetics

摘要： Cyhalodiamide is a novel agrochemical which is effective against Lepidoptera pests, including Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Chilo suppressalis, Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Helicoverpa armigera, etc. In the study, a fast and accurate analytical method was developed to detect cyhalodiamide in Chinese typical rice field environment by a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe) method with UPLC-MS/MS (ultra-high performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). The mean recoveries of cyhalodiamide varied from 73.5% to 107.5%, with the RSDs from 1.2% to 10.7%. The limits of determination (LODs) were 0.0005 mg·kg− 1, and the limits of quantitation (LOQs) were from 0.002 to 0.01 mg·kg− 1 in all five matrices. This method was used to determine cyhalodiamide residues for studies of the distribution and degradation kinetics in rice field environment. The field trials results showed that cyhalodiamide was easily degradable and the half-lives were 4.2–13.6 d in rice straw, 8.77 d in paddy soil and 5.37–8.45 d in paddy water, respectively. The final residues of cyhalodiamide in brown rice were below 0.35 mg·kg− 1. The used dosage of 33.75 g·hm− 2 with pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 21 d and the maximum residue limit (MRL) of cyhalodiamide in rice at 0.1 mg·kg− 1 were recommended, which would be safe to human health and environment. The developed analytical method will be useful to monitor cyhalodiamide residues and safety evaluation in rice environment. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

语种： 英文

作者： 肖璐璐;王昱翔;王娅;张星;吕运涛;...

期刊： 农药,2018年57(4):276-278,293 ISSN：1006-0413

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410000;[肖璐璐; 刘一平] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128 湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410000;[王昱翔; 王娅; 张星; 李晓刚] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128;[吕运涛; 刘照清; 刘春来] 湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410000

关键词： 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱;柑橘;农药残留;甲基硫菌灵;多菌灵

摘要： [目的]通过建立一种测定柑橘中甲基硫菌灵及其代谢产物多菌灵残留量的分析方法,对其在柑橘和土壤中的残留消解动态以及最终残留量进行研究。[方法]样品前处理采用优化的QuEChERS方法,利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)进行检测,外标法定量。[结果]在0.004~4.0 mg/L的质量浓度范围内,甲基硫菌灵和多菌灵的质量浓度与响应值呈良好的线性关系;在0.004~4.0 mg/L添加质量浓度范围内,甲基硫菌灵和多菌灵的平均回收率为87.8%~117.9%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为1.3%~10.7%;甲基硫菌灵和多菌灵的检出限(LOD)分别为0.05、 0.005 ng,其定量限(LOQ)分别为0.01、0.004 mg/kg。[结论]该方法具有灵敏度高、操作简便,快速高效等优点,且符合农药残留检测的要求。甲基硫菌灵在柑橘全果的消解动态结果显示,其半衰期为2.8~6.4d,属于易降解农药;7 d后在柑橘中的最终残留量为0.127~2.277mg/kg,低于我国规定的最大残留限量值5.0mg/kg,表明甲基硫菌灵对柑橘安全。

语种： 中文

作者： Wang, Ya;Li, Chaonan;Wang, Yuxiang;Zhang, Ying;Li, Xiaogang*

期刊： Journal of Microencapsulation,2018年35(5):494-503 ISSN：0265-2048

通讯作者： Li, Xiaogang

作者机构： [Li, Xiaogang; Li, Chaonan; Wang, Ya; Wang, Yuxiang; Zhang, Ying] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xiaogang] Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Bio Pesticide &, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Li, Xiaogang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.

关键词： Azoxystrobin;acute toxicity evaluation;compound microsphere;poly(butylene succinate);sustained release

摘要： Controlled release system has been widely developed and utilised in agriculture to optimise efficacy and minimise environmental pollution. Here, the azoxystrobin and difenoconazole compound pesticide microsphere was constructed by the solvent evaporation method. Blending poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) as shells, in order to increase its entrapment efficiency and match the goal of complex synergism. The resulting microsphere processes high entrapment efficiency with a mean diameter of 7.2 μm. Acute toxicity suggested microsphere on zebrafish was moderate toxicity. Comparative studies revealed that the microsphere had a longer period of sustained release than difenoconazole–azoxystrobin (5:8) 32.5% w/v suspension concentrate (SC). In addition, the concentration ratio of active ingredients closed to the optimum compound stoichiometry, which can achieve the objective of improving the efficacy of the pesticides. These results demonstrated that such a compound pesticide microsphere delivery system may be a considerable potential for further exploration. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

语种： 英文

作者： 刘一平;张亚;刘双清;石力;吕运涛;...

期刊： 植物保护,2018年44(5):231-237,246 ISSN：0529-1542

作者机构： 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128;湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410005;农业部农药检定所, 北京, 100125;[刘一平] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128 湖南省农药检定所, 长沙, 410005;[张亚; 刘双清; 石力; 李晓刚; 廖晓兰] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 马拉硫磷;莴笋;农药残留;膳食摄入风险评估

摘要： 2016年于湖南、山东等六地进行了马拉硫磷在莴笋中的规范性残留试验,建立了气相色谱-火焰光度检测器(GC-FPD)测定马拉硫磷在莴笋样品中的残留分析方法,并对我国各类人群的膳食摄入风险进行了评估。样品采用乙腈提取,丙酮置换净化、GC-FPD检测,结果表明:当马拉硫磷在莴笋全株、茎和叶中的添加浓度为0.02~8.0 mg/kg时,其回收率在83%~108%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1%~6%之间;马拉硫磷的最小检出量(LOD)为1.0×10~(-11)g,定量限(LOQ)均为0.02 mg/kg。湖南和山东莴笋全株中马拉硫磷的消解动态试验结果显示,马拉硫磷的半衰期为1.75~2.27 d,属于易降解农药;六地的最终残留试验结果表明,最后一次施用马拉硫磷5、7、10 d后,莴笋茎中的最终残留量≤0.509 mg/kg,莴笋叶中的最终残留量≤5.670 mg/kg。莴笋的膳食风险评估结果显示,我国各类人群对马拉硫磷在莴笋茎和莴笋叶中的国家估计每日摄入量(NEDI)分别为0.115~0.445 μg/(kg·d)和1.042~5.583 μg/(kg·d),风险商值(RQ)分别为0.000 4~0.001 5和0.003 5~0.018 6,证明马拉硫磷在莴笋中的长期膳食摄入风险较低。推荐我国马拉硫磷在莴笋茎和莴笋叶上的最大残留限量值(MRL)分别为1 mg/kg和10 mg/kg。

语种： 中文

作者： Zhang, Ying;Wu, Xiaohu*;Duan, Tingting;Xu, Jun;Dong, Fengshou;...

期刊： JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE,2018年41(14):2913-2923 ISSN：1615-9306

通讯作者： Wu, Xiaohu

作者机构： [Du, Pengqiang; Zheng, Yongquan; Xu, Jun; Dong, Fengshou; Liu, Xingang; Zhang, Ying; Wu, Xiaohu] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Ying; Duan, Tingting] Guizhou Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xiaogang; Zhang, Ying] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.

通讯机构： [Wu, Xiaohu] C;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.

关键词： Amines;Animals;Biomolecules;Carbon black;Mass spectrometry;Metabolism;Metabolites;Phase separation;Silica;Solvents;Urea;Zirconia;Dinotefuran;Dispersive solid phase extraction;Environmental sample;Food samples;Solvent effects;Tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry;Tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl;Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographies;High performance liquid chromatography;1 methyl 3 (tetrahydro 3 furylmethyl)guanidine;1 methyl 3 (tetrahydro 3 furylmethyl)urea;acetic acid;acetonitrile;amine;black carbon;dinotefuran;guanidine derivative;octadecylsilane;silane derivative;silicon dioxide;unclassified drug;urea derivative;water;zirconium oxide;animal product;animal tissue;Article;controlled study;cost effectiveness analysis;cucumber;egg;limit of quantitation;measurement precision;milk;nonhuman;plant;pork;priority journal;purification;quantitative analysis;residue analysis;rice;soil analysis;solid phase extraction;solvent effect;solvent extraction;tandem mass spectrometry;ultra performance liquid chromatography;validation process;water analysis;watermelon

摘要： An ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry residue method was developed and validated for the quantification and identification of dinotefuran and its main metabolites 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) urea and 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) guanidine in fruit (watermelon), vegetable (cucumber), cereal (rice), animal-derived foods (milk, egg, and pork), soil, and water. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 15%v/v acetic acid and purified with dispersive solid-phase extraction with octadecylsilane, primary secondary amine, graphitized carbon black, or zirconia-coated silica prior to analysis. The method had an excellent linearity (R2≥0.9942, 1–500μg/L) and satisfactory recoveries (73–102%) at five spiked levels (0.001, 0.01, 0.05, 0.5, and 2mg/kg) with intra- or interday precision in the range of 0.8–9.5% and 3.0–12.8% for the three compounds in the eight matrices. The limits of quantification were 10μg/kg for 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) guanidine and 1μg/kg for 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) urea and dinotefuran. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated by determining the occurrence of dinotefuran, 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) guanidine, and 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) urea in various samples from plants, animal-derived foods, and the environment. From 80 samples, 70 contained dinotefuran (0.8–11.7μg/kg), among which six also contained 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) urea (water and rice, 0.5–0.9μg/kg). © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

语种： 英文

作者： 齐麟;王昱翔;王宁;段一鸣;张盈;...

期刊： 种子,2017年36(06):54-60 ISSN：1001-4705

作者机构： 湖南农业大学/南方粮油作物协同创新中心,植物保护学院,长沙410128;湖南省生物农药与制剂加工工程技术研究中心,长沙410128;[齐麟; 李晓刚; 段一鸣; 肖璐璐; 王昱翔; 张盈; 王宁; 王娅] 湖南农业大学

关键词： 种衣剂;成膜剂;制备方法;作用机理

摘要： 种子包衣已成为防治农作物病虫害的重要手段。包衣后水稻长期存在于水环境中,种衣剂需具有吸水、耐水性高和持效期长的特性,故成膜剂成为种衣剂关键技术。本文阐述了近年来国内外种衣剂发展概况以及水稻种衣剂成膜剂的材料、合成方法及作用机制研究进展。

语种： 中文

作者： 王宁;齐麟;王娅;李晓刚

期刊： 农药学学报,2017年19(3):381-387 ISSN：1008-7303

作者机构： [王宁; 齐麟; 王娅; 李晓刚] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心;[王宁; 齐麟; 王娅; 李晓刚] 湖南省生物农药与制剂加工工程技术研究中心, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 温度响应型微囊;吡唑醚菌酯;N-异丙基丙烯酰胺;丙烯酸丁酯;乳液聚合法;透析袋法

摘要： 以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)的共聚物为壁材,采用乳液聚合法制备了温度响应型吡唑醚菌酯微囊。通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、激光粒度分析仪和紫外分光光度计等对该微囊的形貌、粒径、包封率和载药量进行表征,同时采用透析袋法探讨其释放性能,并以斑马鱼为试材测定其对水生生物的急性毒性。结果表明:吡唑醚菌酯微囊呈球形,平均粒径为1.04 μm,包封率为78.30%,载药量为15.66%。吡唑醚菌酯微囊具有明显的温度响应性特征,其低临界溶解温度(LCST)为28.2 ℃,当环境温度高于28.2 ℃时能够快速释放活性成分,而低于该温度时其释放行为受到抑制。吡唑醚菌酯微囊对斑马鱼急性毒性的LC_(50)(96 h)值为有效成分4.48 mg/L,较吡唑醚菌酯原药的提高了90倍以上,因此能够显著提高吡唑醚菌酯对水生生物的安全性。

语种： 中文

作者： 王宁;王娅;李晓刚

期刊： 化工新型材料,2017年45(10):11-13,16 ISSN：1006-3536

作者机构： [王宁; 王娅; 李晓刚] 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 南方粮油作物协同创新中心;[王宁; 王娅; 李晓刚] 湖南省生物农药与制剂加工工程技术研究中心, 长沙, 410128

关键词： 环境响应性聚合物;温度;pH值;光响应;磁响应

摘要： 环境响应性聚合物可以响应温度、pH值、磁场、光等环境刺激的微小变化,将其作为载体材料可使药物根据不同的作用靶标和环境选择性实现药物的可控释放,在医药和农药领域受到研究者的关注。综述了温度、pH值、光、磁及复合型响应性聚合物作为载体材料在可控释放载药微球制备领域的应用,分别评述了载药微球的制备和响应机制。最后展望了环境响应性聚合物在医药和农药微球制备领域的发展,提出复合型响应性聚合物是未来研究的热点。

语种： 中文