摘要：
T-2 and HT-2 (T-2/HT-2) induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in hepatocytes from broilers. In this study, hepatocytes treated with T-2/HT-2 were analyzed for cytotoxic effects and apoptosis and for the associated mechanisms. To assay cytotoxicity, we used the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay, hematoxylin-eosin staining and aspartase transaminase and alanine transaminase (ALT/AST) activities. We evaluated apoptosis by fluorescence microscopy using the Terminal transferase nick -end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The apoptotic ratio and the apoptotic stage of the hepatocytes were next assessed with fluorescently labeled (FITC) Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Finally, expression levels of apoptosis-related mRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR and those of apoptosis-related proteins by western blotting. We found that cells treated with T-2/HT-2 showed, in a dose dependent manner, significantly lower cell viabilities (P < 0.05) and markedly increased intercellular spaces, dead cells and ALT/AST activities. T -2/1-1T-2 treatment also significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells and the apoptotic ratio (P < 0.05). T-2/HT-2 induced early stage apoptosis of the hepatocytes and levels of apoptosis-related mRNAs and proteins changed in a manner implicating them in the apoptotic process. These changes occurred from 0 to 24 h of T-2/HT-2 exposure. Expression of bax and caspase-7 mRNAs was significantly upregulated, in a time-ependent manner, during this period (P < 0.05). Levels of mRNAs for caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased from 0 to 12 h (P < 0.05) and then decreased after 12 h (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects on expression of bcl-2 mRNA (P > 0.05). Expression of all apoptosis-related proteins examined, except for bcl-2, was significantly increased from 0 to 24 h in a time -dependent manner (P < 0.05). Overall, T-2/HT2 induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in hepatocytes. The resulting changes in mRNA and protein expression were shown that several apoptosis-related proteins were involved in the liver toxicity of these agents. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD) caused by PCV2 are responsible for severe economic losses in the swine industry. The mechanism of PCV2 replication has not been fully elucidated yet. PCV2 may be successfully rescued by means of either an infectious DNA clone containing the full length of the viral genomic DNA, or from PCV2-infected clinical tissues in PK15 cell culture. However, viruses harvested by both methods have low titres. In this study, PCV2 was prepared with a higher titre from PK15 cells infected by recombinant baculoviruses containing 1PCV2 (one stem-loop structure) or 1.1PCV2 (two stem-loop structure) genomic DNA copy. In addition, infectious DNA clones containing two stem-loop structures in either plasmid or baculovirus backbones are capable of generating a higher virus titre than the DNA clones with only one copy of stem-loop structure.
作者：
Liu, W.;Wang, T.;Liu, T. B.;Tan, L.;Lv, C. C.;...
期刊：
JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY,2017年91(3):384-386 ISSN：0022-149X
通讯作者：
Liu, Y.
作者机构：
[Tan, L.; Wang, T.; Liu, W.; Liu, Y.; Lv, C. C.; Liu, T. B.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, T.] Changsha Best Biol Technol Inst, Changsha 410600, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Y.] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
会议名称：
中国动物学会寄生虫学专业委员会第十届全国寄生虫学青年工作者学术研讨会
会议时间：
2016-08-08
会议地点：
成都
会议论文集名称：
中国动物学会寄生虫学专业委员会第十届全国寄生虫学青年工作者学术研讨会论文集
关键词：
Prevalence;Snakes;Kalicephalus;China;Hunan Province
摘要：
Kalicephalus is a genus of strongylid nematodes infecting snakes and causing serious diseases and even death when it is complicated with secondary bacterial infections. The infection of snakes with Kalicephalus has been reported in many countries in the world. However, little information is available on the prevalence of Kalicephalus in snakes in China. In the present study, the prevalence of Kalicephalus in snakes was investigated. The worms were examined, counted and identified to species according to existing keys and descriptions. Three species of Kalicephalus, namely K. indicus, K. bungari and K. brachycephalus, were found in six species of snakes (Elaphe carinata, Zaocys dhumnade, Naja najaatra, Elaphe taeniura, Bungarus multicinctus and Dinodon rufozonatum). The total prevalence of Kalicephalus in snakes in Hunan Province was 39.7%. The most common species was K. indicus, with the highest prevalence 72.8%, followed by K. bungari (24.0%). The prevalence of K. brachycephalus was 0.9%. This is the first report on the prevalence of Kalicephalus species in snakes in China, and the findings have important implications for the control of Kalicephalus infections in snakes in China.
作者机构：
[Wang, Jin-Lei; Liu, Guo-Hua; Zhu, Xing-Quan; Li, Ting-Ting] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Parasitol Gansu Prov, State Key Lab Vet Etiol Biol, Lanzhou, Gansu, Peoples R China.;[Yao, Chaoqun] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.;[Yao, Chaoqun] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Hlth Ctr Zoonoses & Trop Vet Med 1, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.;[Liu, Guo-Hua; Zhu, Xing-Quan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, Xing-Quan] C;[Yao, Chaoqun] R;[Zhu, Xing-Quan] H;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Parasitol Gansu Prov, State Key Lab Vet Etiol Biol, Lanzhou, Gansu, Peoples R China.;Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi.
作者机构：
[Liu, Qing; Zhu, Xing-Quan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Li, Fa-Cai; Liu, Qing; Zhu, Xing-Quan; Sun, Miao-Miao] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Parasitol Gansu Prov, State Key Lab Vet Etiol Biol, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, Peoples R China.;[Elsheikha, Hany M.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Vet Med & Sci, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England.;[Zhu, Xing-Quan] Jiangsu Coinnovat Ctr Prevent & Control Important, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Fa-Cai] C;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Parasitol Gansu Prov, State Key Lab Vet Etiol Biol, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, possesses the remarkable ability to co-opt host cell machinery in order to maintain its intracellular survival. This parasite can modulate signaling pathways of its host through the secretion of polymorphic effector proteins localized in the rhoptry and dense granule organelles. One of such effectors is T. gondii type II-specific dense granule protein 15, TgGRA15, which activates NF-κB pathway. The aim of the present study was to identify the host interaction partner proteins of TgGRA15. We screened a yeast two-hybrid mouse cDNA library using TgGRA15 as the bait. TgGRA15 (PRU strain, Type II) was cloned into the pGBKT7 vector and expressed in the Y2HGold yeast strain. Then, the bait protein expression was validated by western blotting analysis, followed by auto-activation and toxicity tests in comparison with control (Y2HGold yeast strain transformed with empty pGBKT7 vector). This screening led to the identification of mouse Luzp1 and AW209491 as host binding proteins that interact with TgGRA15. Luzp1 contains three nuclear localizing signals and is involved in regulating a subset of host non-coding RNA genes. These findings reveal, for the first time, new host cell proteins interacting with TgGRA15. The identification of these cellular targets and the understanding of their contribution to the host-pathogen interaction may serve as the foundation for novel therapeutic and prevention strategies against T. gondii infection.
期刊：
Archives of Virology,2017年162(7):2015-2020 ISSN：0304-8608
通讯作者：
Wang, Aibing
作者机构：
[Hu, Yi; Liu, Tanbin; Liu, Wei; Wang, Aibing; Lei, Hongyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Reverse Vaccinol RCRV, Lab Anim Models & Funct Genom LAMFG, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhan, Yang; Xie, Xiaohong; Wang, Naidong; Wang, Dongliang; Deng, Zhibang; Yang, Yi] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Reverse Vaccinol RCRV, Lab Funct Prote LFP, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Aibing] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Res Ctr Reverse Vaccinol RCRV, Lab Anim Models & Funct Genom LAMFG, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
PCV2 Strain;Major Open Reading Frame;PCV2 Genome;PCV2 Genotype;Porcine Circoviruses
摘要：
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causative pathogen of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD). This virus evolves mostly through point mutations and genome recombination between different PCV2 genotypes (e.g. PCV2a and PCV2b), as has been confirmed in swine herds. In the current work, the complete PCV2 genome sequences of 69 clones derived from various tissues (lymph node, spleen and lung,) of an infected individual, were subjected to phylogenetic and alignment analyses. The results not only demonstrate co-infection with distinct PCV2b subtypes (e.g. 1B and 1C) in the same animal, but also highlight another mechanism of evolution - diverse point mutations acquired during immune evasion by this virus.
摘要：
Gnathostomiasis is a foodborne zoonotic parasitosis caused by Gnathostoma nematodes. It has caused significant public problems worldwide, but its molecular biology is limited. The purpose of this study was to decode the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of Gnathostoma nipponicum and Gnathostoma sp., and compare their mt sequences with other Gnathostoma species. The complete mt genome sequences were amplified by long-range PCR and determined by subsequent primer walking. The complete mt genomes of G. nipponicum and Gnathostoma sp. were 14,093 bp and 14,391 bp, respectively. Both of the two mt genomes contain 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA genes. The gene order and transcription direction are the same as G. spinigerum and G. doloresi. The sequence difference across the entire mt genomes varied from 14.4% to 18.2% between G. nipponicum, Gnathostoma sp., G. spinigerum and G. doloresi of Japan and China isolates. Phylogenetic analyses by Bayesian inference (BI) using concatenated amino acid sequences of 12 PCGs showed that G. nipponicum and Gnathostoma sp. are two distinctive species of Gnathostoma, and G. nipponicum are more closely related to Gnathostoma sp. than to G. spinigerum. The mtDNA datasets provide abundant resources of novel markers, which can be used for the studies of molecular epidemiology and diagnosis of Gnathostoma spp. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Astroviruses (AstVs) can infect a variety of hosts, including mammalian and avian species, and are commonly associated with enteric infections. Recently, mammalian AstVs have been linked to extra-intestinal manifestations, including neurologic disorders in humans, cattle and minks, demonstrating zoonotic potential. So far, five porcine AstV (PAstV) genotypes have been identified, with PAstV1, PAstV2, PAstV3 and PAstV5 implicated in cross-species transmission. Our knowledge about PAstV epidemiology in China is still limited. In this study, two duplex differential RT-PCR assays were developed to investigate the distribution and prevalence of PAstV1, PAstV2, PAstV4 and PAstV5. Two hundred eighteen samples were collected from 33 farms and pigs with known diarrhea status in nine regions of Hunan province in China. Specifically, 126 small intestines, 51 fecal swabs, 20 lungs, 19 spleens and two kidneys were obtained. PAstVs were detected in all nine regions and in 81.8% (27/33) of the pig farms investigated. The overall prevalence of PAstV was 46.3% (101/218), with PAstV5 as the predominant type, with a positive rate of 24.8% (54/218). The prevalence of PAstV4, PAstV1 and PAstV2 was 16.1% (35/218), 14.7% (32/218) and 10.1% (22/218), respectively. Besides being present in intestines and fecal swabs, PAstV RNA was also detected in lungs, spleens and kidneys. Sequencing revealed a high level of genetic divergence within each genotype, and a higher positive rate of PAstV5 was associated with pigs with diarrhea compared to pigs without diarrhea. This study revealed for the first time that PAstV4 is circulating in China, and that PAstV5 is the dominant genotype in pig herds in Hunan province in China.
摘要：
Previous studies have suggested that dysregulation of microRNA (miR) -124a is associated with various types of human cancer. However, there are few studies reporting the level of miR-124a expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The present study investigated the association between miR-124a and NSCLC by analyzing the differential expression of miR-124a in NSCLC using the GEO database, as well as subsequently performing reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis on 160 NSCLC biopsies, 32 of which were paired with adjacent normal tissues. The results indicated that mir-124a expression levels were decreased in NSCLC tumor biopsies compared with adjacent normal tissues. The overall survival (OS) in patients with a high expression of miR-124a was prolonged relative to patients with low expression of miR-124a. The expression levels of miR-124a were associated with clinical characteristics, including lymph-node metastasis, tumor differentiation, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and diameter. Frequently, lymph-node metastasis, TNM stage, diameter and lack of chemotherapy have been associated with a worse prognosis in patients. In addition, the present study identified that high expression of miR-124awith chemotherapy may increase OS. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that miR-124a was downregulated in NSCLC, and miR-124a was a potential prognostic tumor biomarker response to chemotherapy.
作者：
Zhang, Xiao-Xuan;Cong, Wei;Elsheikha, Hany M.;Liu, Guo-Hua;Ma, Jian-Gang;...
期刊：
Infection, Genetics and Evolution,2017年51:33-40 ISSN：1567-1348
通讯作者：
Zhao, Quan;Zhu, Xing-Quan
作者机构：
[Zhao, Quan; Ma, Jian-Gang; Zhang, Xiao-Xuan] Jilin Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changchun 130118, Jilin Province, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Jian-Gang; Cong, Wei; Zhu, Xing-Quan; Zhang, Xiao-Xuan] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Parasitol Gansu Prov, State Key Lab Vet Etiol Biol, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, Peoples R China.;[Cong, Wei] Shandong Univ Weihai, Coll Marine Sci, Weihai 264209, Shandong, Peoples R China.;[Elsheikha, Hany M.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Vet Med & Sci, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England.;[Liu, Guo-Hua] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Quan] J;[Zhu, Xing-Quan] C;Jilin Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changchun 130118, Jilin Province, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst, Key Lab Vet Parasitol Gansu Prov, State Key Lab Vet Etiol Biol, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, Peoples R China.
关键词：
De novo transcriptome;Differentially expressed genes;Fasciola gigantica;Host-pathogen interaction;Next-generation sequencing
摘要：
Fasciola gigantica is regarded as the major liver fluke causing fasciolosis in livestock in tropical countries. Despite the significant economic and public health impacts of F. gigantica there are few studies on the pathogenesis of this parasite and our understanding is further limited by the lack of genome and transcriptome information. In this study, de novo Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to obtain a comprehensive transcriptome profile of the juvenile (42 days post infection) and adult stages of F. gigantica. A total of49,720 unigenes were produced from juvenile and adult stages of F. gigantica, with an average length of 1286 nucleotides (nt) and N50 of 2076 nt A total of 27,862 (56.03%) unigenes were annotated by BLAST similarity searches against the NCBI non redundant protein database. Because F. gigantica needs to feed and/or digest host tissues, some proteases (including cysteine proteases and aspartic proteases), which play a role in the degradation of host tissues (protein), have been paid more attention in the present study. A total of 6511 distinct genes were found differentially expressed between juveniles and adults, of which 3993 genes were up-regulated and 2518 genes were down-regulated in adults versus juveniles, respectively. Moreover, stage-specific differentially expressed genes were identified in juvenile (17,009) and adult (6517) F. gigantica. The significantly divergent pathways of differentially expressed genes included CAMP signaling pathway (226; 4.12%), proteoglycans in cancer (256; 4.67%) and focal adhesion (199; 3.63%). The transcription pattern also revealed two egg-laying-associated pathways: cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. This study provides the first comparative transcriptomic data concerning juvenile and adult stages of F. gigantica that will be of great value for future research efforts into understanding parasite pathogenesis and developing vaccines against this important parasite. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
The role of nonmuscle myosin 2 (NM2) pulsatile dynamics in generating contractile forces required for developmental morphogenesis has been characterized, but whether these pulsatile contractions are an intrinsic property of all actomyosin networks is not known. Here we used live-cell fluorescence imaging to show that transient, local assembly of NM2A “pulses” occurs in the cortical cytoskeleton of single adherent cells of mesenchymal, epithelial, and sarcoma origin, independent of developmental signaling cues and cell–cell or cell–ECM interactions. We show that pulses in the cortical cytoskeleton require Rho-associated kinase– or myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activity, increases in cytosolic calcium, and NM2 ATPase activity. Surprisingly, we find that cortical cytoskeleton pulses specifically require the head domain of NM2A, as they do not occur with either NM2B or a 2B-head-2A-tail chimera. Our results thus suggest that pulsatile contractions in the cortical cytoskeleton are an intrinsic property of the NM2A motor that may mediate its role in homeostatic maintenance of tension in the cortical cytoskeleton of adherent cells.
通讯机构：
[Xu, DJ; Yang, Q] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Colostrum is the main external resource providing piglets with nutrients and maternal immune molecules. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have been used as immunopotentiators in vitro and several animal models. This study aimed to determine the effects of APS on immune factors in sow colostrum and milk. The sow diet was supplemented with APS one week before the expected delivery date. Colostrum and milk were collected and designated as 0 h- (onset of parturition), 12 h-, and 24 h-colostrum and 36 h-milk postpartum. Samples were measured using porcine immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, classical swine fever virus antibody (CSFV Ab), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin-like growth factor- (IGF-) 1 ELISA Quantitation Kits. Dietary supplementation of APS significantly enhanced the presence of IgG, IgM, EGF, and IGF-1 in 0 h-colostrum (p < 0.001). The blocking rates of CSFV Ab were increased in samples from APS-supplemented sow when compared to those from the matched samples without APS treatment. The results indicate that supplement of APS could improve the immune components in sow colostrum and/or milk; and status of some specific vaccination could be determined through using colostrum or early milk in sow.
