摘要：
Lemon essential oil (LEO) is a common natural antibacterial substance, and encapsulating LEO into nanoemulsions (NEs) can improve their stability and broaden its application. Our study aimed to investigate the bacterial inhibitory effect of LEO-NEs against Escherichia coli (E. coli). Results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of LEO-NEs was 6.25mg/mL, and the time-kill curve showed that E. coli were significantly killed by LEO-NEs after 5h of treatment at 1MIC. Flow-cytometry analysis showed that LEO-NEs adversely affected the cell-membrane depolarisation, cell-membrane integrity, and efflux pump function of E. coli. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that 8MIC of LEO-NEs induced changes in the cell-membrane permeability and cell-wall integrity of E. coli. Proteomic results suggested that the mode of action LEO-NEs against E. coli was to enhance bacterial chemotaxis and significantly inhibit ribosomal assembly. They may also affect butyric acid, ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism, and sulphur-relay system pathways. In conclusion, LEO-NEs had potential application as a natural antibacterial agent for the control of E. coli in the food industry.
通讯机构：
[Li, T ; Qin, S ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Agr Prod Proc Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
关键词：
crocin;Gardenia jasminoides Ellis;glycolipid metabolism disorder;gut microbiota;TLR4/Myd88/NF-kappa B pathway
摘要：
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is abundant in crocin and has a longstanding historical usage both as a dietary and natural ethnic medicine. Enhanced studies have increasingly revealed the intricate interplay between glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota, wherein their imbalance is regarded as a pivotal indicator of metabolic disorders. Currently, the precise molecular mechanism of the crude extract of crocin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GC) targeting gut microbiota to regulate glycolipid metabolism disorder is still unclear. Firstly, we explored the effect of GC on digestive enzymes (alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase) in vitro. Secondly, we investigated the effect of GC on the physical and chemical parameters of high-fat diet (HFD) rats, such as body weight change, fasting blood glucose and lipid levels, and liver oxidative stress and injury. Then, 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the effects of GC on the composition and structure of gut microbiota. Finally, the impact of GC on the TLR4/Myd88/NF-kappa B signaling pathway in the intestine was assessed by Western Blotting. In the present study, GC was found to exhibit a hypoglycemic effect in vitro, by inhibition of digestive enzymes. In animal experiments, we observed that GC significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, TC, and TG levels while increasing HDL-C levels. Additionally, GC demonstrated hepatoprotective properties by enhancing liver antioxidative capacity through the upregulation of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, while reducing ROS. 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that GC had a significant effect on the gut microbiota of HFD rats, mainly by reducing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bateroidota, and significantly affected the genera related to glycolipid metabolism, such as Akkermansia, Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotellaceae, etc. The Western Blotting results demonstrated that GC effectively downregulated the protein expressions of TLR4, Myd88, and NF-kappa B in the intestine of HFD rats, indicating that GC could target the TLR4/Myd88/NF-kappa B pathway to interfere with glycolipid metabolism disorder. Correlation analysis revealed that GC could target the Akkermansia-TLR4/Myd88/NF-kappa B pathway axis which attenuates glycolipid metabolism disorder. Therefore, this study establishes the foundation for GC as a novel therapeutic agent for glycolipid metabolism disorder chemoprevention, and it introduces a novel methodology for harnessing the potential of natural botanical extracts in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome.
摘要：
Effects of steam explosion (SE) treatment (0.3-1.0 MPa, 30-90s) on the physicochemical and functional properties of dietary fiber (DF) extracted from tea residue were investigated. Results showed that SE led to the formation of porous and less compact microstructures of tea residues. Compared with the control sample (12.41 g/100 g), the content of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) was markedly increased by SE, reaching the maximum of 23.03 g/100 g when steam explored at 0.5 MPa for 90 s, due to the degradation of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). The physicochemical and functional properties were significantly influenced by SE treatments. IDF exhibited decreased water holding capacity (WHC), swelling capacity (SC), oil holding capacity (OHC) after SE, whereas the physicochemical properties of SDF from SE-treated tea residues (0.3 MPa, 90s) were greatly improved. The glucose absorption capacity (GAC), cholesterol adsorption capacity (CAC), and nitrite ion adsorption capacity (NIAC) of both IDF and SDF showed trends of first increasing and then decreasing, indicating that excessive SE treatment resulted in poor properties of DF. These findings are of great value for the high-value utilization of agricultural by-product and development of functional foods.
摘要：
This study provided a new perspective on regulating strawberry flavor during storage by maintaining fungal community balance with active packaging film. Compared with initial strawberries (IS), gelatin composite film-packaged strawberries (CG) showed pleasant fruity and fragrance flavor whose relative content of most esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc), 2-hexen-1-ol, hexanal D, and 3-pentanone increased, while other treated strawberries possessed alcoholic, sour, or moldy flavor. Furthermore, the relative abundance of fungal community (Mycosphaerella, Botrytis, Papiliotrema, Vishniacozyma, Filobasidium, etc) in CG was similar to that of IS. However, Botrytis was the dominant fungal genus in other treated strawberries and their fungal diversity decreased. Spearman correlation coefficient indicated that Papiliotrema, Vishniacozyma, and Filobasidium were highly correlated with flavor formation of strawberries (esters, alcohols, aldehydes, etc). Therefore, this work contributed to understanding the effect of fungal community on flavor formation of strawberry fruit during storage and also revealing the great potential of gelatin composite film on maintaining the quality of postharvest strawberries during storage.
摘要：
This study aimed to analyze the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on the postharvest quality, epidermal wax morphology, composition, and gene expression of Jinxiu yellow peach during cold storage. The results showed that 1-MCP treatment could maintain the postharvest quality of peach fruit as compared to control (CK) during cold storage. The wax crystals of peach fruit were better retained by 1-MCP, and they still existed in 0.6 and 0.9 µL/L 1-MCP treated fruit at 36 days. The total wax content in all the fruit increased first and then decreased during cold storage. Meanwhile, n-alkanes and primary alcohols were the main wax components. Compared to CK, 1-MCP treatment could delay the reduction of wax content during cold storage. The correlation analysis indicated that the postharvest quality of yellow peach was mainly affected by the contents of fatty acids and triterpenoids in cuticular wax. The transcriptomics results revealed PpaCER1, PpaKCS, PpaKCR1, PpaCYP86B1, PpaFAR, PpaSS2, and PpaSQE1 played the important roles in the formation of peach fruit wax. 1-MCP treatment upregulated PpaCER1 (18785414, 18786441, and 18787644), PpaKCS (18774919, 18789438, and 18793503), PpaKCR1 (18790432), and PpaCYP86B1 (18789815) to deposit more n-alkanes and fatty acids during cold storage. This study could provide a new perspective for regulating the postharvest quality of yellow peach in view of the application of cuticular wax. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: 'Jinxiu' yellow peach fruit is favorable among consumers because of its high commercial value. However, it ripens and deteriorates rapidly during storage, leading to serious economic loss and consumer disappointment. The effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on the postharvest quality, epidermal wax morphology, composition, and genes regulation of 'Jinxiu' yellow peach during cold storage was assessed. Compared to control, 1-MCP treatment could retain the storage quality of yellow peach by affecting cuticular wax composition and gene expression. This study could provide new perspective for regulating the postharvest quality of yellow peach in view of the application of cuticular wax.
摘要：
Self-constructed water-in-oil emulsions can be stabilized by a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, betulin. A higher betulin concentration (3%) results in smaller emulsion droplet sizes. Microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and rheology indicate that the stabilizing mechanism is attributed to betulin crystals on the emulsion interface and within the continuous phase, thereby enabling excellent freeze/thaw and thermal stability. The betulin Pickering emulsion (1%) significantly increased betulin bioaccessibility (22.4%) compared to betulin alone (0.2%) and betulin-oil physical mixture (7.9%). A higher level of betulin at 3% leads to smaller emulsion particle size, potentially resulting in a greater surface area. This, in return, promotes a higher release of free fatty acids (FFA), contributing to the release and solubilization of betulin from emulsions. Additionally, it leads to the formation of micelles, further increasing betulin bioaccessibility (29.3%). This study demonstrates Pickering emulsions solely stabilized by phytochemical betulin provides an innovative way to improve its bioaccessibility.
摘要：
Berries, rich in phenolics with a C-ring, have numerous biological properties, such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, regulating blood lipid metabolism, which is beneficial to human health. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to verify the effect of berry-derived phenolic products (BDPP) supplementation on blood lipid profiles, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Thirty-seven clinical trials (2161 participants) fulfilled the eligibility criteria of the meta-analysis. A random effect model was applied in the meta-analysis, and results were expressed as WMD (weighted mean differences) with 95% CI (confidence intervals). Meta-analysis showed that BDPP supplementation resulted in a reduction in the TG (WMD = - 0.08), TC (WMD = - 0.14), and LDL-c (WMD = - 0.27), respectively; however, an increase trend was in the HDL-c (WMD = 0.05). In addition, subgroup analysis indicated that long-term duration of BDPP (>= 8 weeks) was more effective to the regulation of the blood lipid on the non-healthy and American subjects. Blood lipid regulation of BDPP intake may be attributed to their content and compounds of phytochemicals, mainly including phenolic acids, proanthocyanins and flavonoids.
摘要：
An accurate and nondestructive prediction method of lime acidity was established based on near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and ensemble learning strategy. Dual-band spectra were obtained nondestructively with a single scan using a desk-top Fourier transform spectrometer and a grating portable spectrometer. Spectral preprocessing methods were used to eliminate the interferences in the spectra. The quantification models of available acidity (pH and 10−pH) and total acidity (TA) were developed with the ensemble learning strategy compared with partial least squares (PLS) and variable selection methods. The results indicated that due to the high-energy light source, the models of the grating portable spectrometer were much better than those of the Fourier transform spectrometer. Short-wave NIR (SWNIR) was more suitable for quantitative analysis of available acidity, while long-wave NIR (LWNIR) was more effective for quantitative analysis of TA. Besides, the models of available acidity were ahead of those of TA. Compared with PLS and variables selection methods, the ensemble learning strategy can produce models with higher prediction accuracy and better robustness. In the optimized models, the correlation coefficients of pH, 10−pH and TA for the prediction set were 0.84, 0.82 and 0.66, respectively. The experiment results show that accurate and nondestructive prediction of lime acidity can be achieved with the grating portable NIR spectrometer and ensemble learning strategy.
关键词：
black tea;extraction;purification;synthesis;theaflavins
摘要：
Schematic representation of the synthesis, extraction, and purification method of TFs from black tea and the extraction principle of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) for bioactive compounds. MMIPs will be a promising method for the preparation of TFs with high purity. Abstract Theaflavins (TFs) are a kind of bioactive compound that formed during the fermentation stage of black tea. TFs play a vital role both in the sensory quality and the biological activity of black tea. However, the complex composition of black tea and the low content of TFs in black tea (0.3%–0.7%) make the technology for the preparation of high‐purity TFs a great challenge. This review provides an updated overview for extracting, synthesizing and purifying of TFs. Molecular imprinting technology, an efficient method for extracting bioactive compounds, will be a promising method for the preparation of TFs with high purity. Overall, this review can provide a scientific basis and technical support for the preparation of TFs with high purity and will be helpful for the in‐depth development and further research of TFs.
关键词：
correlational analysis;fatty acid properties;oleogel;stability of the oleogels;β-amyrin
摘要：
Pentacyclic triterpenes show potential as oleogelators, but their combination with various vegetable oils has limited research. This study selected linseed, rapeseed, sunflower, coconut, and palm oils to combine with the triterpenoid compound β-amyrin for the preparation of oleogels. The stability, crystal network structure, and other properties of each oleogel were evaluated. The correlation between different oil types and the properties of corresponding oleogels was explored. The results showed that β-amyrin formed stable oleogels with five vegetable oils under suitable temperature conditions, wherein especially the LO-based oleogel not only exhibited higher oil-binding capacity and hardness, but also demonstrated excellent stability at the microscopic level and notable rheological properties. Further analysis revealed a close correlation between the physicochemical properties of the oleogels and lipid characteristics, indicating that oleogels prepared from long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids exhibit high stability. The above results indicate that β-amyrin can be a novel candidate oleogelator and that the oil type can modify the properties of β-amyrin-based oleogels. This study provides the latest reference for the application of pentacyclic triterpenoids in food.
作者机构：
[Liu, Dongbo; Zhang, Zhixu] State Key Lab Subhlth Intervent Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Dongbo; Zhang, Zhixu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Dan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Xin] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Sci, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Haiyan] Natl Res Ctr Engn Technol Utilizat Ingredients Bot, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Guo, X ] C;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Sci, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Adsorption;Carbon dots;Pb(II);Starch
摘要：
The adsorption removal of lead (Pb) ions has become a crucial area of research due to the potential health hazards associated with Pb contamination. Developing cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of Pb(II) ions is significantly important. Hence, a novel fluorescent starch-based hydrogel (FSH) using starch (ST), cellulose nanofibrils (CN), and carbon dots (CD) was fabricated for simultaneous adsorption and detection of Pb(II). A comprehensive characterization of FSH, including its morphological features, chemical composition, and fluorescence characteristics, was conducted. Notably, FSH exhibited a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 265.9mg/g, which was 13.0 times higher than that of pure ST. Moreover, FSH was employed as a fluorescent sensor for Pb(II) determination, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06μg/L. An analysis was further performed to investigate the adsorption and detection mechanisms of Pb(II) utilizing FSH. This study provides valuable insights into the production of a novel cost-effective ST-based adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) ions.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Dichlorvos (DDVP), as a highly effective insecticide, is widely used in agricultural production. However, DDVP residue in foodstuffs adversely affects human health. Conventional instrumental analysis can provide highly sensitive and accurate detection of DDVP, while the need of bulky and expensive equipment limits their application in resource-poor areas and on-site detection. Therefore, the development of easily portable sensing platforms for convenient, rapid and sensitive quantification of DDVP is very essential for ensuring food safety. RESULT: A portable colorimetric sensing platform for rapid and sensitive quantification of DDVP is developed based on nanozyme-participated highly efficient chromogenic catalysis. The Fe-Mn bimetallic oxide (FeMnOx) nanozyme possesses excellently oxidase-like activity and can efficiently catalyze oxidation of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into a blue oxide with a very low Michaelis constant (K(m)) of 0.0522mM. The nanozyme-catalyzed chromogenic reaction can be mediated by DDVP via inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Thus, trace DDVP concentration-dependent color evolution is achieved and DDVP can be sensitively detected by spectrophotometry. Furthermore, a smartphone-integrated 3D-printed miniature lightbox is fabricated as the colorimetric signal acquisition and processing device. Based on the FeMnOx nanozyme and smartphone-integrated lightbox system, the portable colorimetric sensing platform of DDVP is obtained and it has a wide linear range from 1 to 3000ngmL(-1) with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.267ngmL(-1) for DDVP quantification. SIGNIFICANCE: This represents a new portable colorimetric sensing platform that can perform detection of DDVP in foodstuffs with simplicity, sensitivity, and low cost. The work not only offers an alternative to rapid and sensitive detection of DDVP, but also provides a new insight for the development of advanced sensors by the combination of nanozyme, 3D-printing and information technologies.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Y ; Jiang, LW] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Aroma recombination and omission;Douchi;GC-O-MS;Key aroma-active compound;OAV
摘要：
To attain the differences in the flavor profile of Douchi, the key aroma-active compounds of three types of Douchi were investigated. The "Sauce-like", "Smoky", "Nutty", "Roast", "Caramel", and "Flower" of Douchi were favored by customers. Further, a total of 179 volatile compounds were identified using HS-SPME-GC-MS, and 29 aroma compounds were detected using GC-O-MS. Based on the quantification, 9, 13, and 10 compounds were regarded as aroma-active compounds in Yangjiang Douchi (YJ), Pingjiang Douchi (PJ), and Liuyang Douchi (LY), respectively. Moreover, the mixture of these aroma-active compounds successfully simulated the main aromas of PJ, LY, and YJ. And omission experiments confirmed that guaiacol was the key aroma compound for LY, benzene acetaldehyde, dimethyl trisulfide, and 2-acetyl pyrrole were important for YJ, benzene acetaldehyde and 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine notably contributed to key aroma of PJ.
摘要：
The study aimed to compare the effects of crystalline L-lysine and L-glutamate (CAA), Lys-Glu dipeptide (KE) on the growth and muscle development of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), and related molecular mechanisms. Five experimental diets (CR, 0.5% CAA, 1.5% CAA, 0.5% KE, 1.5% KE) containing Lys and Glu as free (Lys and Glu, CAA) dipeptide (Lys-Glu, KE) forms were prepared, respectively. A total of 450 juvenile grass carp with an initial weight of 10.69 ± 0.07g were randomly assigned to 15 cages, and 5 treatments with 3 replicates of 30 fish each for 61days of feeding. The results showed that the group of 0.5% KE exhibited the best growth performances according to the indicator's weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), although no statistically significant occurred among all groups; diet supplemented with 0.5% CAA significantly elevated the condition factor (CF) and viscerasomatic index (VSI) of juvenile grass carp. Diet supplemented with different Lys and Glu co-forms at different levels promoted the muscle amino acid content compared with those of CR group. Comparing with the CR group and other groups, the hardness of 0.5% CAA group significantly increased, and the springiness of 0.5% KE group excelled. Both the muscle fiber diameter and density of 0.5% KE group showed significant difference with those of the CR group, and a negative correlation between them was also observed. To uncover the related molecular mechanism of the differences caused by the different co-forms of Lys and Glu, the effect of different diets on the expressions of protein absorption, muscle quality, and antioxidation-related genes was analyzed. The results suggested that comparing with those of CR group, the dipeptide KE inhibited the expressions of genes associated with protein metabolism, such as AKT, S6K1, and FoxO1a but promoted PCNA expression, while the free style of CAA would improve the FoxO1a expression. Additionally, the muscle development-related genes (MyoD, MyOG, and Myf5) were significantly boosted in CAA co-form groups, and the expressions of fMYHCs were blocked but fMYHCs30 significantly promoted in 0.5% KE group. Finally, the effect of different co-forms of Lys and Glu on muscle antioxidant was examined. The 0.5% CAA diet was verified to increase GPX1a but obstruct Keap1 and GSTP1 expressions, resulting in enhanced SOD activity and reduced MDA levels in plasma. Collectively, the different co-forms of Lys and Glu influenced the growth of juvenile grass carp, and also the muscle development and quality through their different regulation on the protein metabolism, muscle development- and antioxidative-related genes.
摘要：
Yellow tea is a lightly fermented tea with unique sensory qualities and health benefits. However, chemical composition and sensory quality of yellow tea products have rarely been studied. 12 representative yellow teas, which were basically covered the main products of yellow tea, were chosen in this study. Combined analysis of non-targeted/targeted metabolomics and electronic sensor technologies (E-eye, E-nose, E-tongue) revealed the chemical and sensor variation. The results showed that yellow big tea differed greatly from yellow bud teas and yellow little teas, but yellow bud teas could not be effectively distinguished from yellow little teas based on chemical constituents and electronic sensory characteristics. Sensor variation of yellow teas might be attributed to some compounds related to bitterness and aftertaste-bitterness (4'-dehydroxylated gallocatechin-3-O-gallate, dehydrotheasinensin C, myricitin 3-O-galactoside, phloroglucinol), aftertaste-astringency (methyl gallate, 1,5-digalloylglucose, 2,6-digalloylglucose), and sweetness (maltotriose). This study provided a comprehensive understanding of yellow tea on chemical composition and sensory quality.
摘要：
In this study, the effects of grafting chlorogenic acid (CA) on the antioxidant and probiotic activities of curdlan oligosaccharides (CDOS) were investigated. CDOS with degrees of polymerization of 3-6 was first obtained by degradation of curdlan with hydrogen peroxide and then grafted with CA using a free radical-mediated method under an ultrasonication-assisted Fenton system. The thermal stability and antioxidant ability of CDOS were enhanced after grafting with CA. In vitro fermentation, supplementation of CDOS-CA stimulated the proliferation of Prevotella and Faecalibacterium while inhibiting the growth of harmful microbiota. Notably, the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria markedly increased after fermentation of CDOS-CA, indicating that CA grafting could improve the probiotic activity of CDOS. Overall, the covalent binding of CDOS and CA could enhance the antioxidant and probiotic activities of CDOS, suggesting potential improvements in gastrointestinal and colonic health.
摘要：
Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) have been wildly used to design high-performance biosensors for the quantification of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) recently. However, the low yield and low metal loading of SAzymes often limit their practical use in biosensing field. Herein, a large-scale synthesis (6.60 g) of Fe-N /C SAzymes (Fe loading of 3.9 wt%) was achieved by using carbon black as a template. This prepared Fe-N/C SAzymes exhibit efficient oxidase-like activity that could catalyze the oxidation reaction of 3,3 ',5,5 '-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) along with color variation. On this basis of Fe-N/C SAzymes, a colorimetric biosensor was designed for OPs detection. Then a smartphone combined with RGB analysis was used to digitize the color information. The B/ (R + G) value shows good linear detection range (1-100 nM) and low detection limit (0.4177 nM). More importantly, the large-scale synthetic approach and excellent catalytic performance of Fe-N/C SAzymes are significant for promoting the marketability of biosensors.
通讯机构：
[Shen, QW; Quan, W ] H;Henan Univ Anim Husb & Econ, Sch Food Sci & Bioengn, 6 Longzihu North Rd, Zhengzhou 450046, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
western dietary patterns;behavioral health disorders;red meat;refined grain;depression
摘要：
Western dietary patterns (WDP) and typical food groups may play a major role in the risk of behavioral health disorders. Nevertheless, the relationships between WDP, common food categories, and mental health disorders lack consistency and remain incompletely understood in relation to potential mechanisms. Therefore, the objective of the present study was conducted to synthesize available evidence linking WDP and typical food groups to these outcomes. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were searched up to August 2023. Random effect meta-analyses were performed to obtain pooled odds ratio and the relative risk for the prevalence of outcomes and the incidence of outcomes, respectively. A total of 54 articles were included. WDP was associated with increased risk of both depression (1.19; 95% CI: 1.06-1.32) and depressive symptoms (1.20; 95% CI: 1.08-1.34). Except for high-fat dairy products, food groups are associated with an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and depressive symptoms. This review presents evidence to further understand the relationship between WDP, typical food groups, and the incidence of behavioral health disorders, and more randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are urgently required to confirm these findings and elucidate potential mechanisms.
摘要：
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and complex disease, and traditional drugs have many side effects. The active compound dihydromyricetin (DHM), derived from natural plants, has been shown in our previous study to possess the potential for reducing blood glucose levels; however, its precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, network pharmacology and transcriptomics were performed to screen the molecular targets and signaling pathways of DHM disturbed associated with T2DM, and the results were partially verified by molecular docking, RT-PCR, and Western blotting at in vivo levels. Firstly, the effect of DHM on blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver oxidative stress in db/db mice was explored and the results showed that DHM could reduce blood glucose and improve oxidative stress in the liver. Secondly, GO analysis based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics results showed that DHM mainly played a significant role in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and fatty acid metabolism in biological processes, on lipoprotein and respiratory chain on cell components, and on redox-related enzyme activity, iron ion binding, and glutathione transferase on molecular functional processes. KEGG system analysis results showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, IL17 signaling pathway, HIF signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and TNF signaling pathway were typical signaling pathways disturbed by DHM in T2DM. Thirdly, molecular docking results showed that VEGFA, SRC, HIF1A, ESR1, KDR, MMP9, PPARG, and MAPK14 are key target genes, five genes of which were verified by RT-PCR in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, Western blotting results revealed that DHM effectively upregulated the expression of AKT protein and downregulated the expression of MEK protein in the liver of db/db mice. Therefore, our study found that DHM played a therapeutic effect partially by activation of the PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling pathway. This study establishes the foundation for DHM as a novel therapeutic agent for T2DM. Additionally, it presents a fresh approach to utilizing natural plant extracts for chemoprevention and treatment of T2DM.
