摘要：
油菜是我国第一大国产植物油来源, 大田生产中需要施加适量的微肥以提高产量和品质。 筛选出一种可提高油菜产量的微肥配方需要经过复杂的大田统计和产量测定, 因此构建出能快速筛选微肥的模型十分重要。 以高油酸油菜“帆鸣1号”为试验材料, 使用地物波谱仪测定了不同微肥条件下全生育期的光谱反射率, 并用乙醇提取法准确测定叶绿素含量。 将光谱反射率、 叶绿素含量和最终产量性状两两间进行相关性分析。 产量测定表明, 施加微肥可以提高油菜产量和蕾薹期时叶绿素的含量, 使单株产量最高提高2%。 光谱参数与叶绿素相关性分析表明, 蕾薹期时叶绿素含量与光谱参数550和720 nm相关性较高, 表明蕾薹期光谱参数可用于预测产量进而筛选出能提高油菜产量的微肥。 叶绿素含量和产量相关性分析表明, 蕾薹期时, 叶绿素含量与产量相关性较高。 光谱参数与产量相关分析表明, 550和720 nm的光谱反射率与产量之间均呈显著负相关性。 光谱参数与产量相关分析表明, 550和720 nm的反射率与产量之间均呈显著负相关性。 综合分析施肥量、 光谱参数、 产量和叶绿素变化可知, 蕾薹时光谱参数550和720 nm与产量相关系数模拟的线性方程可用于微肥的筛选, 线性方程分别为y=-32.362x+33.097, y=4.069 5x+35.386, y=28.849x+23.735, y=-19.023x+31.005, y=12.447x+24.586, R2均大于0.6。 综合分析施肥量、 光谱参数、 产量和叶绿素变化, 油菜生长至蕾薹期时光谱参数550和720 nm与产量相关系数模拟的线性方程R2≥0.6时的微肥配比可以使产量提升。 本研究结果表明, 蕾薹期光谱参数可用于预测产量进而筛选出能提高油菜产量的微肥, 可增加样本量进一步检测相关性并开展后续验证。 鉴于地物波谱检测技术具有过程高效, 不使用化学试剂, 无需对样本进行破坏性取样, 成本低, 该模型的建立对开展大规模高油酸油菜微肥配方的快速筛选具有重要意义, 为筛选油菜微肥和促进油菜产量研究提供了理论基础。 Rape is the largest domestic plant oil source in China. It is necessary to apply appropriate micro fertilizer in field production to improve yield and quality. It is very important to build a model which can quickly screen the micronutrient fertilizer to improve the yield of rape. In this research, the spectral reflectance of high oleic acid rape “FanMing No.1” in the whole growth period under different micro fertilizer conditions was measured by ground object spectrometer. And chlorophyll content was accurately determined by ethanol extraction method. The correlation between spectral reflectance, chlorophyll content and final yield was analyzed. The yield test showed that the application of micro fertilizer could increase the yield of rape and the content of chlorophyll at the bolting stage. It could increase the yield of a single plant by up to 2%. The correlation analysis of spectral parameters and chlorophyll showed that the correlation between chlorophyll content and spectral parameters was high at 550 and 720 nm, which indicated that the spectral parameters could be used to predict yield and screen out the micro fertilizer which could improve the yield of rape. The correlation analysis of chlorophyll content and yield showed that the correlation between chlorophyll content and yield was high at the bolting stage. The correlation analysis between the spectral parameters and the yield showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the reflectivity of 550 and 720 nm and the yield. The correlation analysis between the spectral parameters and the yield showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the reflectivity of 550 and 720 nm and the yield. Comprehensive analysis of fertilization, spectral parameters, yield and chlorophyll changes showed that the linear equation of the correlation coefficient between the spectral parameters 550 and 720 nm and yield could be used to screen the micro fertilizer, and the linear equation was y=-32.362x+33.097, y=4.069 5x+35.386, y=28.849x+23.735, y=-19.023x+31.005, y=12.447x+24.586, and R2 was greater than 0.6. Comprehensive analysis of fertilization, spectral parameters, yield and chlorophyll changes showed that the yield of rape increased when the linear equation R2≥0.6, which was stimulated by the spectral parameters 550 and 720 nm and the yield correlation coefficient, was applied. The results show that the spectral parameters of bolting stage can be used to predict the yield and then screen out the micronutrient fertilizer that can improve the yield of rape, which will increase the sample size to further detect the correlation and carry out subsequent verification. In view of the high efficiency of the process with no chemical reagents and destructive sampling of the samples and low cost, the establishment of the model is of great significance for the rapid screening of the formulation of high oleic acid rape micronutrient fertilizer, which provides a theoretical basis for screening the micronutrient fertilizer and promoting the yield of rape.
作者机构：
[Guan, Chunyun; Yang, Qian; Guan, Mei; Xiong, Xinghua; Huang, Luyao; He, Xin; Qian, Lunwen; Hua, Wei; Yao, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil Crops South Ch, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Qian, Wei] Southwest Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape Architecture, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China.;[Hua, Wei] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Oil Crops, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China.;[Snowdon, Rod J.] Justus Liebig Univ, IFZ Res Ctr Biosyst, Dept Plant Breeding Land Use & Nutr, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.;[Jan, Habib U.] MTI LRH, Dept Pathol, Mol Biol, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan.
通讯机构：
[Wei Hua; Lunwen Qian] C;Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, China.
作者机构：
遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院, 贵州遵义 563000;湖南农业大学农学院 / 国家油料改良中心湖南分中心, 湖南长沙 410128;[冯韬; 谭晖] College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University / National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China;[官春云; 官梅] College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University / National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center in Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Guan, C.-Y.] C;College of Agronomy, China
关键词：
甘蓝型油菜;可变剪接;插入突变
摘要：
甘蓝型油菜品系XY881和XY883是湘油15辐照诱变后连续自交筛选的2个种子含油量、光合效率和弱光敏感性等有明显差别的子代品系。分别从XY881和XY883中克隆了芸薹素唑抗性因子1（brassinazole-resistant1,BnaBZR1）和光敏色素互作因子4 （phytochrome interacting factor 4, BnaPIF4）基因并进行了序列结构、表达和功能分析。结果表明, XY883的BnaBZR1和BnaPIF4基因存在结构变异,引起表达和调控模式的差异。XY883中BnaBZR1的启动子具有124 bp的富含A/T的插入序列,且XY883具有比XY881高的BnaBZR1表达,并且在弱光和2,4-表油菜素内酯（2,4-BL）诱导下具有较少的表达变化。XY883中BnaPIF4的5’-UTR区域存在可变剪接,形成长度分别为424bp （U01）、239 bp （U02）和332 bp （U03）的3种5’-UTR,在弱光和2,4-BL诱导下, XY883中3种可变剪接的BnaPIF4转录产物的变化不一致。将BnaPIF4的3个5’-UTR与CDS分别组合转化拟南芥后其表达在转录水平无明显差异,但蛋白翻译存在明显差异,表明BnaPIF4的5’-UTR变异影响其翻译过程。转BnaPIF4基因拟南芥出现株高增加、叶片狭长且光合作用下降的表型,共转化BnaBZR1能减弱BnaPIF4造成的光合作用下降;转BnaPIF4和BnaBZR1基因对油菜的影响与拟南芥相似,但表型不如拟南芥明显,表明BnaPIF4是油菜光合作用的负调控因子,而BnaBZR1可对BnaPIF4的光合负调控产生拮抗;这与XY881和XY883中两基因表达调控模式及其光合表型相吻合。
摘要：
Combining ability is crucial for parent selection in crop hybrid breeding. Many studies have attempted to provide reliable and quick methods to identify genome regions in parental lines correlating with improved hybrid performance. The local haplotype patterns surrounding densely spaced DNA markers include a large amount of genetic information, and analysis of the relationships between haplotypes and hybrid performance can provide insight into the underlying genome regions which might contribute to enhancing combining ability. Here, we generated 24,403 single-copy, genome-wide SNP loci and calculated the general combining ability (GCA) of 950 hybrids from a diverse panel of 475 pollinators of spring-type canola inbred lines crossed with two testers for days to flowering (DTF) and seed glucosinolate content (GSL). We performed a genome-wide analysis of the haplotypes and detected eight and seven haplotype regions that were significantly associated with the GCA values for DTF and seed GSL, respectively. Additionally, two haplotype blocks containing orthologs of flowering time genes FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) on chromosome A02 showed additive epistatic interactions influencing flowering time. Moreover, two homoeologous haplotype regions on chromosomes A02 and C02 corresponded to major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GSL which showed additive effects related to reduction of seed GSL in F1 hybrids. Our study showed that haplotype analysis has the potential to substantially improve the efficiency of hybrid breeding programs.
摘要：
为了探究甘蓝型油菜BnaFUS3基因的非生物胁迫表达,以甘蓝型油菜‘湘油15’为供试材料,当油菜长成至6片真叶时期,对其进行6-BA、干旱、高温、低温、胁迫、水渍等逆境胁迫处理。结果表明BnaFUS3的两个拷贝在不同的逆境胁迫处理下其表达也不同。6-BA、干旱和高温处理下BnaA2.FUS3和BnaA6.FUS3的表达量均升高,说明能够诱导和促进BnaFUS3基因的表达,其中6-BA对BnaA6.FUS3的诱导大于BnaA2.FUS3,而在干旱条件下,24 h内BnaA2.FUS3的表达均大于BnaA6.FUS3,说明干旱对BnaA2.FUS3的诱导作用大于BnaA6.FUS3。盐胁迫、低温环境下抑制BnaFUS3的表达;ABA和水渍对BnaFUS3的表达影响波动较大,其中水渍条件下6~12 h内,BnaFUS3表达开始上调,说明此时BnaFUS3表达升高以应对环境;此外,温度的突然大变化,短时间内会抑制BnaFUS3的表达。本研究结果为进一步研究BnaFUS3功能与逆境胁迫的关系提供参考,对油菜品种改良也具有重要意义。 <&wdkj&>In order to explore the abiotic stress expression of BnaFUS3 gene in Brassica napus, 'Xiangyou15' was used as the experimental material. When the rape grows to the 6th leaf stage, it was subjected to stress treatment. The results showed that the expression of two copies of BnaFUS3 was different in different stress conditions. 6-BA, drought and high temperature could induce and promote the expression of BnaFUS3 gene. The induction of BnaA6.FUS3 by 6-BA was greater than BnaA2.FUS3, and the induction of BnaA2.FUS3 was greater than BnaA6.FUS3 in drought. The expression of BnaFUS3 was inhibited under salt stress and low temperature environment. The influence of water logging and ABA on the expression of BnaFUS3 fluctuates. In addition, sudden large changes in temperature will inhibit the expression of BnaFUS3 in a short time. The results of this study provide reference for further study on the relationship between BnaFUS3 function and stress, and are of great significance to the improvement of rape varieties.
