Improvement of rice blast and brown planthopper resistance of PTGMS line C815S in two-line hybrid rice through marker-assisted selection
作者：
Chen, Qiuhong* ;Zeng, Gai;Hao, Ming;Jiang, Haoyu;Xiao, Yinghui*
期刊：
Molecular Breeding ,2020年40(2):1-13 ISSN：1380-3743
通讯作者：
Chen, Qiuhong;Xiao, Yinghui
作者机构：
[Chen, QH; Xiao, YH; Chen, Qiuhong; Zeng, Gai; Xiao, Yinghui; Hao, Ming; Jiang, Haoyu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Qiuhong; Xiao, Yinghui] Hunan Prov Key Lab Rice & Rapeseed Breeding Dis R, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Xiao, Yinghui] Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, QH; Xiao, YH] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line;Rice blast resistance;Brown planthopper resistance;Marker-assisted selection;C815S
摘要：
Two-line hybrid rice breeding, which plays an important role in ensuring food security in China, is one of important approaches to utilize the heterosis in rice. Breeding of photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines of two-line hybrid rice with high resistance to diseases and pests is vital for enhancing rice yield stability, reducing environmental pollution, and increasing rice production efficiency. To breed PTGMS rice with resistance to both rice blast and brown planthopper (BPH), four broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi9, Pi47, Pi48, and Pi49 and two BPH resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15 were introgressed into a PTGMS line C815S through backcrossing and gene pyramiding coupled with molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) in this study. Finally, several improved PTGMS lines of C815S which pyramided 1–3 homozygous rice blast resistance genes and two BPH resistance genes were developed. Evaluation of rice blast resistance showed that the improved PTGMS lines were resistant, while C815S was susceptible or only moderately resistant. Assessment of the BPH resistance showed that C815S was highly susceptible, while the improved lines were resistant. The improved lines had similar major agronomic traits and temperature of fertility transition to C815S, and several traits were even better. The newly developed PTGMS lines can be used for breeding of superior two-line hybrid rice or advanced PTGMS lines. © 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
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英文
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Phytochemistry and biological activity of mustard (Brassica juncea): a review [Fitoquímica y actividad biológica de la mostaza (Brassica juncea): una revisión]
作者：
Tian, Yan;Deng, Fangming*
期刊：
CyTA - Journal of Food ,2020年18(1):704-718 ISSN：1947-6337
通讯作者：
Deng, Fangming
作者机构：
[Deng, Fangming; Tian, Yan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Deng, Fangming] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
anticancer;antioxidant activity;biological activities;glucosinolates;Mustard (Brassica juncea);phytochemistry;polyphenols
摘要：
Mustard (Brassica juncea) is a cruciferous vegetable used as a food spice and folk medicine worldwide. Mustard contains numerous phytochemicals such as: vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, chlorophylls, glucosinolates (and their degradation products), polyphenols and volatile components(allyl isothiocyanate, 3-butyl isothiocyanate, etc.). The content and exact chemical composition of these phytochemicals is affected by plant variety, growth environment, extraction process and food processing methods. In addition, mustard may possess a plethora of pharmacological activities including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and bacteriostatic and antiviral activity. Mustard has also been used to combat several illnesses such as cancer, obesity, depression, diabetes, and cataracts. This review provides an overview of plant characteristics, types, origins, distribution, and consumption methods of Mustard, as well as its phytochemicals and biological activities. The findings of this paper may serve as references for the development and utilization of Mustard resources. © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
语种：
英文
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Compound Fu brick tea modifies the intestinal microbiome composition in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice
作者：
Zhou, Caibi;Zhou, Xiaolu;Wen, Zhirui;Liu, Liming;Yang, Zaibo;...
期刊：
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION ,2020年8(10):5508-5520 ISSN：2048-7177
通讯作者：
Mei, Xin
作者机构：
[Mei, Xin; Yang, Lu; Li, Ping; Zhou, Caibi; Wen, Zhirui; Yang, Zaibo; Guo, Xiying] Qiannan Normal Univ Nationalities, Coll Biol Sci & Agr, Duyun 558000, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xiaolu; Liu, Liming] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape Architecture, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Mei, Xin] Q;Qiannan Normal Univ Nationalities, Coll Biol Sci & Agr, Duyun 558000, Peoples R China.
关键词：
compound Fu brick tea;high-fat diet;high-throughput sequencing;intestinal microbiota
摘要：
Compound Fu Brick Tea (CFBT), which is from Duyun city in China, is a traditional Chinese dark tea, Fu Brick Tea, mixed with six herbal medicine. It is consumed by local people for reducing weight, but the mechanism is not clear. The disorder of intestinal microbiome caused by long-term high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the inducements of obesity and related metabolic syndrome. In this study, mice were fed with HFD to establish a high-fat model. Fifty mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (CK), HFD model control (NK), positive control with medicine (YK), CFBT groups with low, middle, and high dose (FL, FM, FH). The V3-V4 DNA region of fecal microbiome from mouse intestine was sequenced. The results showed that the diversity of intestinal microflora was highest in CK and lowest in NK. Compared with CK, the dominant bacterium Firmicutes was increased and Bacteroidetes decreased at phylum level in NK. Compared with NK, the abundance of microbiome in CFBT groups was significantly higher and the composition was changed: Muribaculaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Prevotellaceae increased and Lachnospiraceae decreased in CFBT groups at family level, while at the genus level, Bacteroides increased and Lactobacillus decreased. These results conclude that CFBT can increase the abundance of intestinal microbiome in mice, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria, and restore the imbalance of intestinal microbiome caused by poor diet. © 2020 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
语种：
英文
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Optimization of mixed enzymolysis of acid-exploded poplar wood residues for directional bioconversion
作者：
Liu, Na;Chen, Jienan* ;Zhan, Peng;Zhang, Lin;Zhou, Xiaoxun* ;...
期刊：
BIORESOURCES ,2020年15(1):1945-1958 ISSN：1930-2126
通讯作者：
Chen, Jienan;Zhou, Xiaoxun
作者机构：
[Zhan, Peng; Liu, Na; Wang, Hui; Chen, Jienan; Zhang, Lin; Wu, Zhiping; Zeng, Baiquan] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Minist Forestry Bioethanol Res Ctr, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zhan, Peng; Liu, Na; Wang, Hui; Chen, Jienan; Zhang, Lin; Wu, Zhiping; Zeng, Baiquan] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Woody Biomass Convers, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zhan, Peng; Liu, Na; Wang, Hui; Chen, Jienan; Zhang, Lin; Wu, Zhiping] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Int Joint Lab Woody Biomass Convers, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zhan, Peng; Liu, Na; Chen, Jienan; Zhang, Lin; Wu, Zhiping] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Baiquan] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, Jienan] C;[Zhou, Xiaoxun] H;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Minist Forestry Bioethanol Res Ctr, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Woody Biomass Convers, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Hunan Int Joint Lab Woody Biomass Convers, Changsha 410004, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Ethanol;Kinetics;Lignocellulose;Mixed enzymolysis;Optimization
摘要：
Enzymolysis is a key bioconversion process of lignocellulosic biomass. The optimization of enzymolysis is important for its efficiency and accuracy. There is potential to solve the problem of low reducing sugar in the conversion of lignocellulose to bioethanol. In this study, mixed cellulases (cellulase and β-glucosidase) were used in the enzymolysis of acid-exploded poplar wood residues. The mixed enzymolysis process was optimized by response surface area test, and its kinetics model was established based on the Michaelis-Menten equation. The optimal parameters of the mixed enzymolysis were: initial, pH 5.2; temperature, 46 °C; and cellulase to β-glucosidase ratio, 1.62. These parameters resulted in enzymatic saccharification efficiency 1.3 times as high as that of the control (conducted with un-optimized parameters). The modeling revealed that there was a strong correlation (R2 = 0.97) between substrate concentration and reaction rate. Multiple simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation (MSSCF) developed in the laboratory was also employed to verify the optimal parameters. The mixed enzymolysis process carried out with the optimal parameters achieved an ethanol concentration of 30.09 ± 0.49 g/L, which was 1.64 times higher than that conducted with un-optimized parameters. The fermentation time was also reduced by 24 h. Overall, the optimization of mixed enzymolysis process could enhance the efficiency of lignocellulosic directional conversion to bioethanol. © 2020, North Carolina State University.
语种：
英文
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Baicalin-copper complex modulates gut microbiota, inflammatory responses, and hormone secretion in don-challenged piglets
作者：
Zha, Andong;Cui, Zhijuan;Qi, Ming;Liao, Simeng;Yin, Jia;...
期刊：
ANIMALS ,2020年10(9):1-15 ISSN：2076-2615
通讯作者：
Liao, Peng
作者机构：
[Liao, Simeng; Zha, Andong; Cui, Zhijuan; Tan, Bie; Qi, Ming; Liao, Peng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Lab Anim Nutr Physiol & Metab Proc, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg,Natl Engn Lab P, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Liao, Simeng; Zha, Andong; Qi, Ming] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100008, Peoples R China.;[Cui, Zhijuan; Tan, Bie] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Yin, Jia] Hunan Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hunan Prov Key Lab Anim Funct & Regulat, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liao, Peng] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Lab Anim Nutr Physiol & Metab Proc, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg,Natl Engn Lab P, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
关键词：
baicalin-copper complex;deoxynivalenol;hormone;inflammatory cytokines;intestinal microbiota;piglets
摘要：
The present experiment assessed the inflammatory responses, hormone secretion, and gut microbiota of weanling piglets administered baicalin-copper complex (BCU) or deoxynivalenol (DON) supplementation diets. Twenty-eight piglets were randomly assigned to four groups: control diet (Con group), a 4 mg DON/kg diet (DON group), a 5 g BCU/kg diet (BCU group), a 5 g BCU + 4 mg DON/kg diet (DBCU group). After 14 days, the results showed that dietary BCU supplementation remarkably increased the relative abundance of Clostrium bornimense and decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the DBCU group (p < 0.05). BCU decreased the serum concentration of IgG, IL-2, IFN-γ, and IgA in DON treated piglets (p < 0.05), and promoted the serum concentration of IL-1β, IgG, IL-2, IFN-γ, IgA, IL-6, IgM, and TNFα in normal piglets (p < 0.05). BCU increased the concentrations of serum IGF1, insulin, NPY, GLP-1, and GH, and decreased the concentrations of serum somatostatin in no DON treated piglets (p<0.05). Dietary BCU supplementation significantly promoted the secretion of somatostatin, and inhibited the secretion of leptin in piglets challenged with DON (p < 0.05). BCU regulated the expression of food intake-related genes in the hypothalamus and pituitary of piglets. Collectively, dietary BCU supplementation alleviated inflammatory responses and regulated the secretion of appetite-regulating hormones and growth-axis hormones in DON challenged piglets, which was closely linked to changes of intestinal microbes. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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英文
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NSs, the Silencing Suppressor of Tomato Spotted Wilt Orthotospovirus, Interferes With JA-Regulated Host Terpenoids Expression to Attract Frankliniella occidentalis
作者：
Du, Jiao;Song, Xiao-yu;Shi, Xiao-bin;Tang, Xin;Chen, Jian-bin;...
期刊：
Frontiers in Microbiology ,2020年11:590451 ISSN：1664-302X
通讯作者：
Liu, Yong;Zhang, De-yong
作者机构：
[Chen, Gong; Du, Jiao; Zhang, De-yong; Liu, Yong; Zhang, DY] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Xin; Du, Jiao; Song, Xiao-yu; Chen, Jian-bin; Zhang, Zhuo; Zhang, De-yong; Liu, Yong; Zhang, DY; Shi, Xiao-bin] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Song, Xiao-yu] Henan Acad Sci, High & New Technol Res Ctr, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zhan-hong] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetable, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xu-guo] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY USA.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Y; Zhang, DY] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Frankliniella occidentalis;insect behavior;monoterpene;NSs;tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus
摘要：
Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) causes serious crop losses worldwide and is transmitted by Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). NSs protein is the silencing suppressor of TSWV and plays an important role in virus infection, cycling, and transmission process. In this research, we investigated the influences of NSs protein on the interaction of TSWV, plants, and F. occidentalis with the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared with the wild-type Col-0 plant, F. occidentalis showed an increased number and induced feeding behavior on transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing exogenous NSs. Further analysis showed that NSs reduced the expression of terpenoids synthesis-related genes and the content of monoterpene volatiles in Arabidopsis. These monoterpene volatiles played a repellent role in respect to F. occidentalis. In addition, the expression level of plant immune-related genes and the content of the plant resistance hormone jasmonic acid (JA) in transgenic Arabidopsis were reduced. The silencing suppressor of TSWV NSs alters the emission of plant volatiles and reduces the JA-regulated plant defenses, resulting in enhanced attractiveness of plants to F. occidentalis and may increase the transmission probability of TSWV. © Copyright © 2020 Du, Song, Shi, Tang, Chen, Zhang, Chen, Zhang, Zhou, Liu and Zhang.
语种：
英文
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Development of a sensitive and rapid UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of nine compounds in rat plasma and application in a comparative pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and nimodipine
作者：
Fu, Chunyan;Wu, Qian;Zhang, Zhimin;Xia, Zian;Liu, Zhaoying;...
期刊：
Biomedical Chromatography ,2020年34(9):e4872- ISSN：0269-3879
通讯作者：
Lu, Hongmei;Wang, Yang
作者机构：
[Zhang, Zhimin; Lu, Hongmei; Fu, Chunyan; Wu, Qian] Cent South Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Chunyan] Shaoyang Univ, Coll Pharm, Shaoyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Zian; Wang, Yang] Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Inst Integrated Tradit Chinese & Western Med, Lab Ethnopharmacol, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhaoying] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Vet Drug, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Gang] Shimadzu Co Ltd, Guangzhou Analyt Applicat Ctr, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Lu, Hongmei; Wang, Yang] C;Cent South Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Cent South Univ, Xiangya Hosp, Inst Integrated Tradit Chinese & Western Med, Lab Ethnopharmacol, Changsha 410008, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
UHPLC-MS/MS;Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction;nimodipine;pharmacokinetics;rat plasma;traumatic brain injury
摘要：
Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used for the clinical treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of this work was to develop a sensitive and rapid UHPLC–MS/MS method to simultaneously study the pharmacokinetics of nimodipine and eight components of XFZYD, namely, amygdalin, hydroxysafflor yellow A, rutin, liquiritin, narirutin, naringin, neohesperidin and saikosaponin A, in rats with and without TBI. Multiple reaction monitoring was highly selective in the detection of nine analytes and the internal standard without obvious interference. The calibration curves displayed good linearity (r > 0.99) over a wide concentration range. The mean absolute recoveries of the nine analytes were 85–106%, and all matrix effects were in the range 80–120%. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were acceptable (RSD, <15%; RE%, ±20%). The validated method was successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetics in four experimental groups, including control rats orally administered XFZYD and TBI model rats orally administered XFZYD, XFZYD and nimodipine, or nimodipine alone. The results showed that herb–drug interactions occurred between XFZYD and nimodipine in the treatment of TBI, nimodipine affected the pharmacokinetics of XFZYD, and XFZYD affected the absorption, distribution and excretion of nimodipine in vivo. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
语种：
英文
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Scheduling of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing during panicle differentiation to improve grain yield of rice with a long growth duration
作者：
Liu, Yang;Zhu, Xinguang;He, Xiaoe;Li, Chao;Chang, Tiangen;...
期刊：
Scientific Reports ,2020年10(1) ISSN：2045-2322
通讯作者：
Zhang, Haiqing;Zhang, Yuzhu
作者机构：
[Zhang, Haiqing; Liu, Yang] Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[He, Xiaoe; Liu, Yang] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Rice Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yuzhu; Chang, Shuoqi] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Xinguang; Chang, Tiangen] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, CAS Ctr Excellence Mol Plant Sci, Natl Key Lab Plant Mol Genet, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China.;[Li, Chao] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Soil & Fertilizer Res Inst, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Haiqing; Zhang, Yuzhu] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Southern Reg Collaborat Innovat Ctr Grain & Oil C, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Topdressing at panicle differentiation (PF) according to soil fertility and regularity of rice nutrient absorption is an important agronomic practice used in cultivation of rice cultivars with a long growth duration. We studied the impacts of timing of nitrogen fertilizer application during PF on photosynthesis and yield-related agronomic traits in ‘Y-Liang-You 900’ and ‘Y-Liang-You 6’, which are representative rice cultivars with a long growth duration. Data for two years showed that timing of topdressing application during PF affected panicles per unit area, percentage grain set, spikelets per panicle, and leaf photosynthetic traits during the grain-filling period. Topdressing at the initial stage of flag-leaf extension resulted in higher grain yield (typically by 10.55–19.95%) than in plants without topdressing. Grain yield was significantly correlated with flag leaf photosynthetic rate and leaf SPAD value (r = 0.5640 and r = 0.5589, respectively; p < 0.01) at an advanced grain-filling stage (30 days after heading). Surprisingly, grain yield was not correlated with carbohydrate remobilization from the stem and sheath. For rice cultivars with a long growth duration, nitrogen-fertilizer topdressing must be applied at the initial stage of flag-leaf extension to delay leaf senescence during the grain-filling stage and realize the enhanced yield potential.
语种：
英文
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Effects of dietary Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status, and immunity of broiler chickens
作者：
Long, L. N.;Kang, B. J.;Jiang, Q.;Chen, J. S.*
期刊：
Poultry Science ,2020年99(2):744-751 ISSN：0032-5791
通讯作者：
Chen, J. S.
作者机构：
[Long, L. N.; Chen, J. S.] Foshan Univ, Sch Life Sci & Engn, Foshan 528231, Peoples R China.;[Long, L. N.; Chen, J. S.; Jiang, Q.; Kang, B. J.] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, J. S.] F;[Chen, J. S.] H;Foshan Univ, Sch Life Sci & Engn, Foshan 528231, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides;digestive enzyme;antioxidant status;immunity;broilers
摘要：
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) are considered to be the major bioactive components of L. barbarum and have been widely used as a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and functional food because of their various biological activities. However, no published research has investigated the use of LBP as a feed additive in broilers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary LBP supplementation on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status, and immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 256 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly allotted into 4 groups, with 8 replicates of 8 birds each, and were fed a corn-soybean meal-type basal diet supplemented without (control group) or with 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000 mg/kg LBP for 6 wk. The results showed that compared with the control diet, a significant increase in ADG (P < 0.05) during the grower and overall periods was observed in chickens fed the basal diet supplemented with 2,000 mg/kg LBP, whereas supplementation with 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg LBP decreased feed-to-gain ratio (P < 0.05) during the starter period. The inclusion of LBP in the broiler diets increased overall amylase, lipase, and protease activities (P < 0.05). Supplementation with increasing levels of dietary LBP increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase but decreased malondialdehyde content in the serum and liver (P < 0.05). Broilers fed with LBP-containing diets exhibited higher serum IgG and IgA concentrations (P < 0.05) than the broilers fed with the control diet. Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-4 concentrations were significantly elevated in the group fed 2,000 mg/kg LBP compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Broilers fed diets supplemented with LBP showed linear (P < 0.05) and quadratic (P < 0.05) increases in serum IL-6 and interferon gamma concentrations. The results indicated that dietary LBP supplementation can improve growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of broilers. In conclusion, LBP may be used as a promising feed additive for broilers, and a supplementation level of 2,000 mg/kg LBP in the broiler diet is recommended.
语种：
英文
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A split aptamer sensing platform for highly sensitive detection of theophylline based on dual-color fluorescence colocalization and single molecule photobleaching
作者：
Liu, Shi Gang;Zhang, Dong;He, Yu;Gao, Wenli* ;Shi, Xingbo*
期刊：
Biosensors and Bioelectronics ,2020年166:112461 ISSN：0956-5663
通讯作者：
Gao, Wenli;Shi, Xingbo
作者机构：
[Gao, Wenli; Shi, Xingbo; Zhang, Dong; Gao, WL; Shi, XB; Liu, Shi Gang; He, Yu] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Lab Micro & Nano Biosensing Technol Food Safety, Hunan Prov Key Lab Food Sci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gao, WL; Shi, XB] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Lab Micro & Nano Biosensing Technol Food Safety, Hunan Prov Key Lab Food Sci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Biosensing;Dual-color fluorescence colocalization;Single molecule photobleaching;Split aptamer;Theophylline
摘要：
A new split aptamer sensing platform is developed for highly sensitive and selective detection of theophylline based on single molecule photobleaching (SMPB) technique. The sensing system contains two probes. One is formed by one streptavidin and four biotinylated RNA fragments labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Each biotinylated RNA fragment contains two repeating aptamer fragments. The other probe is the complementary aptamer fragment labelled with Cy5 dye. The existence of theophylline can trigger the first probe to bind as many as eight Cy5-labelled probes. The average combined number depends on the theophylline concentration and can be measured by SMPB technique. In the sensing system, the dual-color fluorescence colocalization is performed by the red fluorophore (Cy5) and green fluorophore (FITC), in which the red fluorophore is utilized for quantitative counting of photobleaching steps, while the green fluorophore serves as a counting reference to increase detection efficiency. On basis of the principle, an ultra-sensitive sensing platform of theophylline is created with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.092 nM. This work provides not only a highly sensitive method for theophylline detection but also a novel perspective for the applications of SMPB technology to construct biosensors. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
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英文
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The effects and combinational effects of Bacillus subtilis and montmorillonite on the intestinal health status in laying hens
作者：
Chen, J. F.;Xu, M. M.;Kang, K. L.;Tang, S. G.;He, C. Q.;...
期刊：
Poultry Science ,2020年99(3):1311-1319 ISSN：0032-5791
通讯作者：
Qu, X. Y.;Guo, S. C.
作者机构：
[Xu, M. M.; Guo, S. C.; Tang, S. G.; Kang, K. L.; Chen, J. F.; He, C. Q.; Qu, X. Y.; Guo, SC] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Poultry Prod Safety, Hunan Coinnovat Ctr Anim Prod Safety, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, J. F.] Yichun Univ, Coll Life Sci & Resources & Environm, Yichun 336000, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Qu, XY; Guo, SC] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Poultry Prod Safety, Hunan Coinnovat Ctr Anim Prod Safety, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Bacillus subtilis;intestinal barrier;laying hen;montmorillonite;oxidation status
摘要：
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects and combinational effects of Bacillus subtilis (BS) and montmorillonite (MMT) on laying performance, gut mucosal oxidation status, and intestinal immunological and physical barrier functions of laying hens. Three hundred sixty laying hens (29-week-old) were randomly assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (n = 6) for 10 wk as follows: (1) basal diet; (2) the basal diet plus 5 x 10(8) cfu BS/kg; (3) the basal diet plus 0.5 g MMT/kg; and (4) the basal diet plus 5 x 10(8) cfu BS/kg and 0.5 g MMT/kg. Dietary supplementation with BS increased egg production and egg mass, the activities of catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase in the intestinal mucosa, and villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio of the jejunum (P < 0.05) but downregulated the mRNA expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in the duodenum and jejunum, interleukin 1 beta in the duodenum, and nuclear factor kappa B P65 (NF-kappaB P65) and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with MMT increased egg production and egg mass, the concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A in the duodenum, and the occludin mRNA expression level in the jejunum (P < 0.05) but reduced feed conversion ratio, malondialdehyde concentration in the duodenum and jejunum, and the mRNA expression level of MyD88 in the jejunum (P < 0.05). In addition, there was an interaction effect between BS and MMT supplementation on the CAT activity and the MyD88 mRNA expression level in the duodenum and the mRNA expression level of occludin in the jejunum (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary BS and MMT and their combination may improve the intestinal health status of laying hens, which may contribute to the increase in hens' laying performance.
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Rumen-Protected Glucose Stimulates the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and mTOR/AKT Pathway in the Endometrium of Early Postpartum Dairy Cows
作者：
Wang, Yan;Han, Xuefeng;Tan, Zhiliang;Kang, Jinhe* ;Wang, Zheng*
期刊：
ANIMALS ,2020年10(2):357- ISSN：2076-2615
通讯作者：
Kang, Jinhe;Wang, Zheng
作者机构：
[Tan, Zhiliang; Han, Xuefeng; Wang, Yan; Kang, Jinhe] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Engn Lab Pollut Control & Waste Utilizat Liv, Hunan Prov Key Lab Anim Nutr & Physiol & Metab, Inst Subtrop Agr,CAS Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtro, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Zheng; Wang, Yan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yan] Hunan Univ Humanities Sci & Technol, Coll Agr & Biotechnol, Loudi 417000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Kang, Jinhe] C;[Wang, Zheng] H;Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Engn Lab Pollut Control & Waste Utilizat Liv, Hunan Prov Key Lab Anim Nutr & Physiol & Metab, Inst Subtrop Agr,CAS Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtro, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
cow;endometrium;involution;rumen-protected glucose
摘要：
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of a dietary rumen-protected glucose (RPG) addition on uterine involution through the analysis of an insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and associated pathways in the post-natal endometrium. Twelve Holstein cows were assigned equally to two groups: a control group (CT) and an RPG group (200 g of RPG per cow per day). The plasma content of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was determined by using the ELISA method. Expressions of IGF members, the matrix metalloproteinase, protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex1 (mTOR) signaling pathway, and cell proliferation factors (proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67) were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, respectively. The results showed that the positive cells of PCNA and Ki67 were increased in the endometrium of RPG versus CT cows. The RPG addition significantly increased the plasma IGF1 level 14 d after delivery. The mRNA expressions of the IGF family members (IGF1, IGF2, type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP4 and IGFBP5)) were upregulated, and mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase MMP3 and MMP9 were downregulated in cows from the RPG group compared with the CT group. Meanwhile, the protein expressions of IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGFBP1 and IGFBP4 were upregulated in cows from the RPG group compared with the CT group. Immunohistochemical analysis identified a positive response for IGF1R and IGF2R in the endometrium of RPG versus CT cows. Furthermore, the RPG supplementation increased the protein expressions of phosphorylated (p)-AKT to total AKT and p-mTOR to total mTOR ratio in the endometrium. The current results indicated that the RPG supplementation promoted the proliferation of endometrial cells by stimulating the IGFs and mTOR/AKT pathway in the early post-natal endometrium of dairy cows. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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英文
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Soil bacterial communities in three rice-based cropping systems differing in productivity
作者：
Huang, Min* ;Tian, Alin;Chen, Jiana;Cao, Fangbo;Chen, Yumei;...
期刊：
Scientific Reports ,2020年10(1) ISSN：2045-2322
通讯作者：
Huang, Min
作者机构：
[Chen, Jiana; Cao, Fangbo; Tian, Alin; Huang, Min] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Longsheng; Chen, Yumei] Hengyang Acad Agr Sci, Dept Crop Cultivat, Hengyang 421101, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Min] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Crop & Environm Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Soil microorganisms play an important role in determining productivity of agro-ecosystems. This study was conducted to compare diversity, richness, and structure (relative abundance at the phylum level) of soil bacterial communities among three rice-based cropping systems, namely, a winter fallow-rice-rice (FRR), green manure (Chinese milk vetch)-rice-rice (MRR), and oilseed rape-rice-rice (ORR), in which MRR and ORR had significantly higher productivity than FRR. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that no significant differences were observed in diversity and richness indices (observed species, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, abundance-based coverage estimators, and phylogeny-based metrics) of soil bacterial communities among the three cropping systems. However, relative abundances of dominant phyla in soil bacterial communities, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia, were significantly different among the three cropping systems. In particular, a significant reduction in the relative abundance of Nitrospirae was observed in both MRR and ORR compared with FRR. These results indicate that bacterial community structure was affected by cropping systems in the tested paddy soils. Based on the results of our studies and existing knowledge bases, we speculate that benefits to rice yield may be obtained by reducing the relative abundance of Nitrospirae and increasing the ratio of abundances of Proteobacteria/Acidobacteria in paddy soils.
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英文
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Genetic diversity and differentiation of populations of Chlorops oryzae (Diptera, Chloropidae)
作者：
Zhou, Ailin;Tian, Ping;Li, Zhongcai;Li, Xinwen;Tan, Xiaoping;...
期刊：
BMC Ecology ,2020年20(1):1-14 ISSN：1472-6785
通讯作者：
Li, Youzhi
作者机构：
[Tian, Ping; Qiu, Lin; Li, Youzhi; Zhou, Ailin; Ding, Wenbing; He, Hualiang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Youzhi; Ding, Wenbing] Hunan Prov Engn & Technol Res Ctr Biopesticide &, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Li, Zhongcai] Agr Bur Hanshou Cty, Plant Protect & Inspect Stn, Hanshou 415900, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xinwen; Zhang, Zhengbing; Tan, Xiaoping] Agr & Rural Dept Hunan Prov, Plant Protect & Inspect Stn, Changsha 410005, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Youzhi] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Chlorops oryzae;Mitochondrial DNA;ISSR;Genetic diversity;Genetic differentiation
摘要：
Chlorops oryzae is an important pest of rice crops. There have been frequent outbreaks of this pest in recent years and it has become the main rice pest in some regions. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of frequent C. oryzae outbreaks, we estimated the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of 20 geographical populations based on a dataset of ISSR markers and COI sequences. ISSR data revealed a high level of genetic diversity among the 20 populations as measured by Shannon’s information index (I), Nei’s gene diversity (H), and the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB). The mean coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.0997, which indicates that only 9.97% genetic variation is between populations. The estimated gene flow (Nm) value was 4.5165, indicating a high level of gene flow and low, or medium, genetic differentiation among some populations. The results of a Mantel test revealed no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance among populations, which means there is no evidence of significant genetic isolation by distance. An UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages) dendrogram based on genetic identity, did not indicate any major geographic structure for the 20 populations examined. mtDNA COI data indicates low nucleotide (0.0007) and haplotype diversity (0.36) in all populations. Fst values suggest that the 20 populations have low, or medium, levels of genetic differentiation. And the topology of a Neighbor-Joining tree suggests that there are no independent groups among the populations examined. Our results suggest that C. oryzae populations have high genetic diversity at the species level. There is evidence of frequent gene flow and low, or medium, levels of genetic differentiation among some populations. There is no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance among C. oryzae populations, and therefore no significant isolation by distance. All results are consistent with frequent gene exchange between populations, which could increase the genetic diversity, and hence, adaptability of C. oryzae, thereby promoting frequent outbreaks of this pest. Such knowledge may provide a scientific basis for predicting future outbreaks.
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英文
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Knockdown of cadherin genes decreases susceptibility of Chilo suppressalis larvae to Bacillus thuringiensis produced Crystal toxins
作者：
Zhou, H.;Hu, W.;Huang, Q.;Abouzaid, M.;Jin, H.;...
期刊：
Insect Molecular Biology ,2020年29(3):301-308 ISSN：0962-1075
通讯作者：
Ma, W.
作者机构：
[Lin, Y.; Zhang, W.; Zhou, H.; Ma, W.] Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Lin, Y.; Zhang, W.; Zhou, H.; Ma, W.] Natl Ctr Plant Gene Res, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Q.; Jin, H.; Hu, W.; Abouzaid, M.; Sun, Y.; Zhou, H.; Ma, W.] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Qiu, L.] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Biol & Control Plant Dis & Ins, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ma, W.] H;Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Chilo suppressalis;Cry toxin;cadherin;RNA interference;toxicity
摘要：
The striped rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker, is one of the most destructive rice pests in Asia. Insecticidal crystal proteins (Cry toxins) produced by Bacillus thuringiensis are widely used as biopesticides or in developing transgenic crops for pest management. In this study, we tested the involvement of two newly cloned C. suppressalis cadherins (CsCAD3 and CsCAD4) in the toxicity of Cry1Ab/Ac, Cry2Aa and Cry1Ca. Our results showed that CsCAD4 was expressed highest in the midgut, whereas CsCAD3 was expressed highest in the epidermis. The feeding of double-stranded RNA specific to CsCAD3 and CsCAD4 respectively significantly suppressed the expressions of target gene. The knockdown of CsCAD3 significantly reduced the mortality of larvae to Cry1Ab/Ac, whereas knockdown of CsCAD4 significantly decreased the larval susceptibility to Cry2Aa. In contrast, reduced expressions of CsCAD3 or CsCAD4 were not interacted with larval susceptibility to Cry1Ca. Our results suggest that CsCAD3 and CsCAD4 function in Cry toxin toxicity and these findings will help us to better understand the action mechanism of Cry toxins in C. suppressalis.
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英文
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Analysis of the population structure and genetic diversity of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in China using SSR markers
作者：
Liu, Fei;Qu, Yun-Kun;Geng, Chao;Wang, Ai-Ming* ;Zhang, Jia-Hong* ;...
期刊：
Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ,2020年47:59-71 ISSN：0717-3458
通讯作者：
Wang, Ai-Ming;Zhang, Jia-Hong
作者机构：
[Wang, Ai-Ming; Yang, Wen-Ping; Liu, Fei; Geng, Chao; Yu, Ye-Bing; Qu, Yun-Kun; Tian, Hong-Yan] Yancheng Inst Technol, Sch Marine & Bioengn, Dept Marine Sci & Technol, Yancheng 224051, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Jia-Hong] Agr Sci Inst Lixiahe Dist, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Fei; Li, Jin-Feng] Jiangsu Jinfeng Agr Technol Co Ltd, Jianhu 224000, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Fei] Changsha Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Hunan Prov Key Lab Nutr & Qual Control Aquat Anim, Changsha 410022, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Kai-Jian] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Ctr Engn & Technol Res Utilizat Characterist Aqua, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Ai-Ming] Y;[Zhang, Jia-Hong] A;Yancheng Inst Technol, Sch Marine & Bioengn, Dept Marine Sci & Technol, Yancheng 224051, Peoples R China.;Agr Sci Inst Lixiahe Dist, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Aquatic resource;Genetic diversity;Genetic structure;Germplasm;Heterozygosity;Microsatellite;Procambarus clarkii;Red swamp crayfish;SSR marker
摘要：
Background: Procambarus clarkii produces high-quality, delicious meat that is high in protein, low in fat, and rich in calcium and phosphorus. It has become an important aquatic resource in China. Our objectives are (i) to analyze the level of genetic diversity of P. clarkii populations; (ii) to explore the genetic differentiation (Gst); and (iii) to propose appropriate strategies for the conservation. Results: In this study, Shannon's index (I) and Nei's gene diversity index (H) for P. clarkii were high (I = 0.3462 and H = 0.2325 on average and I = 0.6264, H = 0.4377 at the species level) based on the SSR markers. The expected heterozygosity value of 17 microsatellite loci in 25 crayfish populations was 0.9317, the observed heterozygosity value was 0.9121, and the observed number of alleles per locus was 2.000; and the effective number of alleles per locus was 1.8075. Among the P. clarkii populations, the inbreeding coefficient within populations (Fis) was 0.2315, overall inbreeding coefficient (Fit) was 0.4438, genetic differentiation coefficient among populations (Fst) was 0.3145 and gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.4785 based on SSR analyses. The cluster analysis results obtained by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analysis were similar. A mantel test showed that the isolation-by-distance pattern was not significant. Conclusions: The high Gst among P. clarkii populations is attributed to genetic drift and geographic isolation. The results indicated that more P. clarkii populations should be collected when formulating conservation and aquaculture strategies. How to cite: Liu F, Qu Y-K, Geng C, et al. Analysis of the population structure and genetic diversity of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in China using SSR markers. Electron J Biotechnol 2020;47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.06.007. © 2020
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英文
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An opinion spam detection method based on multi-filters convolutional neural network
作者：
Wang, Ye;Liu, Bixin;Wu, Hongjia;Zhao, Shan;Cai, Zhiping* ;...
期刊：
计算机、材料和连续体(英文) ,2020年65(1):355-367 ISSN：1546-2218
通讯作者：
Cai, Zhiping;Li, Donghui
作者机构：
[Wang, Ye; Zhao, Shan; Wu, Hongjia; Cai, Zhiping] Natl Univ Def Technol, Coll Comp, Changsha 410073, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Bixin] Acad Mil Med Sci, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.;[Li, Donghui] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Informat & Intelligence, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Fong, Cheang Chak] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Informat Technol, Macau 999078, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Cai, Zhiping] N;[Li, Donghui] H;Natl Univ Def Technol, Coll Comp, Changsha 410073, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Informat & Intelligence, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Activation function;Convolutional neural network;Deceptive reviews;Deep learning;Opinion spam detection
摘要：
With the continuous development of e-commerce, consumers show increasing interest in posting comments on consumption experience and quality of commodities. Meanwhile, people make purchasing decisions relying on other comments much more than ever before. So the reliability of commodity comments has a significant impact on ensuring consumers' equity and building a fair internet-trade-environment. However, some unscrupulous online-sellers write fake praiseful reviews for themselves and malicious comments for their business counterparts to maximize their profits. Those improper ways of self-profiting have severely ruined the entire online shopping industry. Aiming to detect and prevent these deceptive comments effectively, we construct a model of Multi-Filters Convolutional Neural Network (MFCNN) for opinion spam detection. MFCNN is designed with a fixed-length sequence input and an improved activation function to avoid the gradient vanishing problem in spam opinion detection. Moreover, convolution filters with different widths are used in MFCNN to represent the sentences and documents. Our experimental results show that MFCNN outperforms current state-of-the-art methods on standard spam detection benchmarks. © 2020 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.
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英文
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Selenium supplementation alleviates cadmium-induced damages in tall fescue through modulating antioxidant system, photosynthesis efficiency, and gene expression
作者：
Li, Huiying;Liu, Xiaofei;Wassie, Misganaw;Chen, Liang*
期刊：
Environmental Science and Pollution Research ,2020年27(9):9490-9502 ISSN：0944-1344
通讯作者：
Chen, Liang
作者机构：
[Li, Huiying; Chen, Liang; Wassie, Misganaw] Chinese Acad Sci, Innovat Acad Seed Design, Key Lab Plant Germplasm Enhancement & Special Agr, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Xiaofei] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Dept Pratacultural Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Wassie, Misganaw] Chinese Acad Sci, Univ Chinese Acad Sci China, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, Liang] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Innovat Acad Seed Design, Key Lab Plant Germplasm Enhancement & Special Agr, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Tall fescue;Cadmium;Selenium;Oxidative stress;Photosynthesis activity;Gene expression
摘要：
Selenium (Se) is beneficial for plant growth under different stressful conditions. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Se supply from Cd-induced damages in tall fescue under Cd stress. Tall fescue seedlings (40 days old) were treated with Cd (30 mg/L, as CdSO4·8/3 H2O) and Se (0.1 mg/L, as Na2SeO3) individually and in combination using 1/2 Hoagland’s solution system for 7 days. Various physiological parameters, photosynthetic behaviors, and gene expressions were measured. The results showed that Cd-stressed plants displayed obvious toxicity symptoms such as leaf yellowing, decreasing plant height, and root length. Cd stress significantly increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL), and remarkably reduced the chlorophyll and soluble protein content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and photosynthetic efficiency. Cd stress significantly inhibited the expression of two photosynthesis-related genes (psbB and psbC), but not psbA. In addition, it significantly inhibited the expression of antioxidant system-related genes such as ChlCu/ZnSOD, CytCu/ZnSOD, GPX, and pAPX, but significantly increased the expression of GR. However, Se improved the overall physiological and photosynthetic behaviors of Cd-stressed plants. Se significantly enhanced the chlorophyll and soluble protein content and CAT and SOD activities, but decreased MDA contents, EL, and Cd content and translocation in tall fescue under Cd stress. Furthermore, under Cd stress, Se increased the expression of psbA, psbB psbC, ChlCu/ZnSOD, CytCu/ZnSOD, GPx, and PAPx. The result suggests that Se alleviated the deleterious effects of Cd and improved Cd resistance in tall fescue through upregulating the antioxidant system, photosynthesis activities, and gene expressions. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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英文
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Improvement of the Rice “Easy-to-Shatter” Trait via CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis of the qSH1 Gene
作者：
Sheng, Xiabing;Sung, Zhizhong;Wang, Xuefeng;Tan, Yanning;Yu, Dong;...
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE ,2020年11:537535 ISSN：1664-462X
通讯作者：
Duan, Meijuan;Yuan, Dingyang
作者机构：
[Wang, Xuefeng; Duan, Meijuan; Sheng, Xiabing; Yu, Dong] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Guilong; Sung, Zhizhong; Sheng, Xiabing; Yuan, Dingyang; Yu, Dong; Tan, Yanning] Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Yuan, Dingyang] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Duan, Meijuan; Yuan, Dingyang] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan Hybrid Rice Res Ctr, State Key Lab Hybrid Rice, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
CRISPR/Cas9;heterosis utilization;qSH1;rice;seed shattering
摘要：
“Easy-to-shatter” trait is a major cause of rice crop yield losses, emphasizing the economic value of developing elite rice cultivars with reduced seed shattering capable of achieving higher yields. In the present study, we describe the development of new indica rice lines that exhibit lower rates of seed shattering following the targeted CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the qSH1 gene. We were able to identify qSH1 mutant T0 transgenic plants, with transgene-free homozygous mutants being obtained via segregation in the T1 generation. We then utilized two T2 transgene-free homozygous lines in order to assess the degree of seed shattering and major agronomic traits of these mutant lines and of wild-type rice plants (HR1128-WT). This approach revealed that qsh1 homozygous mutant lines exhibited significantly reduced seed shattering relative to HR1128-WT without any significant changes in other analyzed agronomic traits. We then used these mutant lines to develop new promising hybrid rice lines with intermediate seed shattering. Overall our results reveal that combining targeted gene editing via CRISPR/Cas9 with heterosis utilization approach can allow for the efficient development of novel promising hybrid rice cultivars that exhibit a intermediate of seed shattering, thereby ensuring better stability and improved rice yields. © Copyright © 2020 Sheng, Sun, Wang, Tan, Yu, Yuan, Yuan and Duan.
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英文
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Isolation and characterization of Aeromonas sp. TXBc10 capable of high-efficiency degradation of octylphenol polyethoxylate from tannery wastewater
作者：
Yan, Binghua;Luo, Lin;Yang, Haijun*
期刊：
Environmental Technology ,2020年41(28):3722-3731 ISSN：0959-3330
通讯作者：
Yang, Haijun
作者机构：
[Yan, Binghua; Luo, Lin] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Yan, Binghua] Chinese Acad Sci, Qingdao Inst Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technol, Lab Waste Valorizat & Water Reuse, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China;[Yang, Haijun] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China
通讯机构：
[Yang, Haijun] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Octylphenol polyethoxylate;biodegradation;degradation characteristic;isolation;tannery wastewater
摘要：
Octylphenol polyethoxylate (OP n EO) is a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical. Biodegradation of OP n EO was investigated using the bacterium Aeromonas sp. TXBc10 isolated from the influent of tannery waste treatment plant in Hunan Province, China. The bacterium was capable of utilizing OP n EO as the sole source of carbon and energy while OP n EO was degraded under aerobic batch culture conditions. Microbial degradation of OP n EO was studied in batch experiments for optimization of environmental factors. The effect of initial OP n EO concentrations on the degradation was investigated between 100 and 1000 mg·L−1 and the results showed that the biodegradation process conformed to the first-order kinetic model. The optimum pH, temperature, salinity and size of inoculum for OP n EO degradation by Aeromonas sp. TXBc10 was found to be 8.0°C, 30°C, 2.5% and 2.0%, respectively. The major metabolites of OP n EO degradation were identified as short-chain octylphenol polyethoxylate without octylphenol by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometer, which indicated that sequential cleavage of single ethoxylate units to form OP n-1EC might be the transformation mechanism of strain TXBc10. Considering that strain TXBc10 exhibits prominent advantage for biodegradation of OP n EO, it might serve as a promising candidate for in situ remediation of OP n EO and compounds with similar structure in tannery wastewater. © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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