摘要：
In recent years, the accelerated development of G-quadruplexes and hydrogels has driven the development of intelligent biomaterials. Based on the excellent biocompatibility and special biological functions of G-quadruplexes, and the hydrophilicity, high-water retention, high water content, flexibility and excellent biodegradability of hydrogels, G-quadruplex hydrogels are widely used in various fields by combining the dual advantages of G-quadruplexes and hydrogels. Here, we provide a systematic and comprehensive classification of G-quadruplex hydrogels in terms of preparation strategies and applications. This paper reveals how G-quadruplex hydrogels skillfully utilize the special biological functions of G-quadruplexes and the skeleton structure of hydrogels, and expounds its applications in the fields of biomedicine, biocatalysis, biosensing and biomaterials. In addition, we deeply analyze the challenges in preparation, applications, stability and safety of G-quadruplex hydrogels, as well as potential future development directions.
摘要：
Although photothermal therapy (PTT) employing nanozymes has shown excellent antibacterial potential, excessive heating generally harms host cells and hinders recovery. Herein, we report an innovative technique for acquiring the programmed temperature by managing the catalytic activity of nanozymes. The photothermal system of CeO2 + F− + TMB can obtain precise photothermal temperature by adjusting the concentration of fluoride ions under near-infrared irradiation. At the optimized photothermal temperature, the photothermal system affords fine photothermal antibacterial treatment with high-efficiency antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. In vivo wound healing experiments confirm that the system can effectively promote fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis and collagen deposition with remarkable wound healing efficiency. This strategy offers a novel design concept for creating a new generation of PTT and opens the way for the creation of alternative antibiotics.
摘要：
WRKY transcription factors are critical for plant growth, development, and adaptation to stress. This paper focuses on the expression characteristic to abiotic stress and phytohormones of OsWRKY24, OsWRKY53, and OsWRKY70. Three OsWRKY TFs contained two conserved domains and there were multiple cis-elements in response to adversity stress and hormone signaling in their promoters. Real-time PCR analysis revealed their widespread expression in normal tissues during seedling and heading stages. Under various stresses such as darkness, low temperature, salt, and drought, or treatment with hormones like ABA, SA, MeJA, and GA, transcript levels of these genes had changed significantly in wild-type seedlings. The expression level of OsWRKY24 was upregulated by darkness, cold, SA, and MeJA but downregulated by salt, drought, ABA, and GA treatments. The transcripts of OsWRKY53 were induced by darkness, low-temperature, salt, drought, ABA, and JA, while inhibited by SA and GA. In addition, OsWRKY70 expression level was elevated under darkness, low-temperature, SA, and JA but suppressed with salt, drought, ABA, and GA. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms by which WRKY TFs adapt to stress via plant-hormone signaling.
摘要：
Carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide plays important anti-tumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory roles. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the healing impacts of two different sources of carboxymethyl poria polysaccharides [Carboxymethylat Poria Polysaccharides I (CMP I) and Carboxymethylat Poria Polysaccharides II (CMP II)] on ulcerative colitis in mice caused by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). All the mice were arbitrarily split into five groups (n = 6): (a) control (CTRL), (b) DSS, (c) SAZ (sulfasalazine), (d) CMP I, and (e) CMP II. The experiment lasted for 21 days, and the body weight and final colon length were monitored. A histological analysis of the mouse colon tissue was carried out using H&E staining to assess the degree of inflammatory infiltration. The levels of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-4 (IL-4)] and enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)] in the serum were examined using ELISA. Additionally, 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to analyze the microorganisms in the colon. The results indicated that both CMP I and CMP II alleviated weight loss, colonic shortening, and inflammatory factor infestation in colonic tissues caused by DSS (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the ELISA results revealed that both CMP I and CMP II reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO, and elevated the expression of IL-4 and SOD in the sera of the mice (p < 0.05). Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that CMP I and CMP II increased the plenitude of microorganisms in the mouse colon relative to that in the DSS group. The results also indicated that the therapeutic effect of CMP I on DSS-induced colitis in the mice was superior to that of CMP II. This study demonstrated that carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide from Poria cocos had therapeutic effects on DSS-induced colitis in mice, with CMP I being more effective than CMP II.
期刊：
Current Microbiology,2023年80(1):1-6 ISSN：0343-8651
通讯作者：
Tian, Y.;Zhang, Y.-F.
作者机构：
[Tian, Yun; Liu, Hu-Hu; Pan, Hu; Li, Jin; Lu, Xiang-Yang] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Fan; Pan, Hu] Tibet Acad Agr & Anim Husb Sci, Inst Agr Prod Qual Stand & Testing Res, Lhasa 850032, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Yi-Fan; Pan, Hu] Agr & Livestock Prod Engn Technol Res Ctr Tibet Au, Lhasa 850032, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jin] Changzhi Univ, Dept Life Sci, Changzhi 046011, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yi-Fan Zhang] I;[Yun Tian] C;Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China<&wdkj&>Agricultural and Livestock Products Engineering Technology Research Center of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Tang, ZH ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Hunan Engn Technol Res Ctr Rapeseed Oil Nutr Hlth, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
关键词：
deep eutectic solvent;Bletilla striata polysaccharide;response surface methodology;antioxidant activity
摘要：
Taking the extraction yield of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) as the index and taking the type of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), extraction time, extraction temperature, DES water content, and solid-liquid ratio as the investigation factors, single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface tests were carried out to optimize the extraction process of BSP. Thus, the antioxidant activity of BSP on DPPH radicals, ABTS radicals and ferric reducing antioxidant power were determined. The results showed that the most suitable deep eutectic solvent was DES-2, namely choline chloride-urea. The optimal extraction conditions for BSP were an extraction time of 47 min, extraction temperature of 78 °C, water content of 35%, and solid-liquid ratio of 1:25. Under this optimized condition, the extraction yield of BSP was able to reach (558.90 ± 8.83) mg/g, and recycling studies indicated the good cycle stability of the DES. Antioxidant results showed that BSP had superior antioxidant activity and had a dose-response relationship with drug concentration. Compared with Bletilla striata polysaccharide obtained via conventional hot water extraction (BSP-W), the extraction yield of BSP obtained through this method (BSP-2) increased by 36.77%, the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals increased by 24.99%, the scavenging activity of ABTS radicals increased by 41.16%, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power increased by 49.19%. Therefore, DESs as new green reagents and BSP extracted with DESs not only had a high yield but also had strong antioxidant activity.
作者机构：
[Zhu, Ying; Liu, Shi; Xu, Ke; Zhou, Li; Huang, Yu; Zuo, Qi; Ren, Sheng; Cheng, Zhikui; Yan, Huan; Liu, S; He, Qiao-qiao; Deng, Feiyan; Zhu, Y; Nie, Longyu; Xu, Gang] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Frontier Sci Ctr Immunol & Met, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Lu, Zhibing; Zhang, Lin; Liu, S; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Zhibing; Zhang, Lin; Cai, Huanhuan] Wuhan Univ, Dept Cardiol, Zhongnan Hosp, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Qiming; Liu, S] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Shi; Wang, Fubing; Liu, S] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, S ; Zhu, Y] W;Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Modern Virol Res Ctr, State Key Lab Virol,Frontier Sci Ctr Immunol & Met, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Inst Myocardial Injury & Repair, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Med Sci, Wuhan Res Ctr Infect Dis & Canc, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
摘要：
MAVS is an adapter protein involved in RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling in mitochondria, peroxisomes, and mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). However, the role of MAVS in glucose metabolism and RLR signaling cross-regulation and how these signaling pathways are coordinated among these organelles have not been defined. This study reports that RLR action drives a switch from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) through MAVS. We show that peroxisomal MAVS is responsible for glucose flux shift into PPP and type III interferon (IFN) expression, whereas MAMs-located MAVS is responsible for glucose flux shift into HBP and type I IFN expression. Mechanistically, peroxisomal MAVS interacts with G6PD and the MAVS signalosome forms at peroxisomes by recruiting TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). By contrast, MAMs-located MAVS interact with glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase, and the MAVS signalosome forms at MAMs by recruiting TRAF6 and TRAF2. Our findings suggest that MAVS mediates the interaction of RLR signaling and glucose metabolism. MAVS is an adapter protein involved in RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling. Here, the authors show how MAVS link RLR-mediated signaling and glucose metabolism, employing distinct mechanisms in different organelles.
通讯机构：
[Guixiang Yuan] H;[Wei Li] R;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Ecology Department, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China<&wdkj&>Research Institute of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
摘要：
Extreme precipitation events caused by climate change leads to large variation of nitrogen input to aquatic ecosystems. Our previous study demonstrated the significant effect of different ammonium pulse patterns (differing in magnitude and frequency) on submersed macrophyte growth based on six plant morphological traits. However, how connectivity among plant traits responds to nitrogen pulse changes, which in turn affects plant performance, has not yet been fully elucidated. The response of three common submersed macrophytes (Myriophyllum spicatum, Vallisneria natans and Potamogeton maackianus) to three ammonium pulse patterns was tested using plant trait network (PTN) analysis based on 18 measured physiological and morphological traits. We found that ammonium pulses enhanced trait connectivity in PTN, which may enable plants to assimilate ammonium and/or mitigate ammonium toxicity. Large input pulses with low frequency had stronger effects on PTNs compared to low input pulses with high frequency. Due to the cumulative and time-lagged effect of the plant response to the ammonium pulse, there was a profound and prolonged effect on plant performance after the release of the pulse. The highly connected traits in PTN were those related to biomass allocation (e.g., plant biomass, stem ratio, leaf ratio and ramet number) rather than physiological traits, while phenotype-related traits (e.g., plant height, root length and AB ratio) and energy storage-related traits (e.g., stem starch) were least connected. V. natans showed clear functional divergence among traits, making it more flexible to cope with unfavorable habitats (i.e., high input pulses with low frequencies). M. spicatum with high RGR revealed strong correlations among traits and thus supported nitrogen accumulation from favourable environments (i.e., low input pulses with high frequencies). Our study highlights the responses of PTN for submerged macrophytes to ammonium pulses depends on their intrinsic metabolic rates, the magnitude, frequency and duration of the pulses, and our results contribute to the understanding of the impact of resource pulses on the population dynamics of submersed macrophytes within the context of global climate change.
摘要：
Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω6-PUFAs), such as γ-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), are indispensable nutrients for human health. Harnessing the lipogenesis pathway of Yarrowia lipolytica creates a potential platform for producing customized ω6-PUFAs. This study explored the optimal biosynthetic pathways for customized production of ω6-PUFAs in Y. lipolytica via either the Δ6 pathway from Mortierella alpina or the Δ8 pathway from Isochrysis galbana. Subsequently, the proportion of ω6-PUFAs in total fatty acids (TFAs) was effectively increased by bolstering the provision of precursors for fatty acid biosynthesis and carriers for fatty acid desaturation, as well as preventing fatty acid degradation. Finally, the proportions of GLA, DGLA and ARA synthesized by customized strains accounted for 22.58%, 46.65% and 11.30% of TFAs, and the corresponding titers reached 386.59, 832.00 and 191.76mg/L in shake-flask fermentation, respectively. This work provides valuable insights into the production of functional ω6-PUFAs.
摘要：
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a significant cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries, as a result of the worldwide trend of obesity and associated metabolic syndrome. Obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) are very common in patients with NAFLD. However, how to screen out key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) is a challenging task. The purpose of this study is to study the screen of key genes and pathways of HFD on the formation process of non-alcoholic fatty liver through network pharmacological analysis. METHODS: In this study, 173 genes associated with NAFLD were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To find significant genes and pathways, combine network clustering analysis, topology analysis, and pathway analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that there were four key signaling pathways related to HFD, including complement cascade, Atorvastatin ADME, Asthma and Aflatoxin activation and detoxification. In addition, we identified six representative key genes, including Ccl5, Tlr2, Cd274, Cxcl10, Cxcl9 and Cd74, and screened three intersecting genes in Mus musculus and Homo sapiens sample, including C3, F2 and C7. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our study constructed the NAFLD gene regulatory network of C57BL/6J mice for the first time and jointly analyzed the Mus musculus samples and Homo sapiens samples. It provides new insights for identifying potential biomarkers and valuable therapeutic clues, and puts forward a new method for web-based research. These findings may provide potential targets for early diagnosis, effective therapy and prognostic markers of NAFLD.
通讯机构：
[Junhua Chen] N;National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
关键词：
CRISPR-Cas12a;Catalytic hairpin assembly;DNAzyme;Heavy metal ions;Intelligent sensing;Logic gate
摘要：
We successfully constructed several molecular logic gates using heavy metal ions as inputs based on catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and CRISPR-Cas12a. The corresponding DNAzymes were used to recognize heavy metal ions (Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Mn(2+)). The specific cleavage between heavy metal ions and DNAzymes leads to the release of the trigger DNA, which can be used to activate CHA through logic computation. The CHA-generated DNA duplexes contain the protospacer adjacent motifs (PAM) sequence, which can be distinguished by CRISPR-Cas12a. The hybridization interactions between the duplexes and gRNA will activate the trans-cleavage capability of Cas12a, which can cleave the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) reporter. The separation of the fluorescence group and quench group in ssDNA will generate a high fluorescence signal for readout. Using Hg(2+) and Cd(2+) as the two inputs, several basic logic gates were constructed, including OR, AND, and INHIBT. Using Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Mn(2+) as the four inputs, cascaded logic gates were further fabricated. With the advantages of scalability, versatility, and logic computing capability, our proposed molecular logic gates can provide an intelligent sensing system for heavy metal ions monitoring.
通讯机构：
[Zhihui Yuan] C;College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 130 Yangzitang Road, Lingling, Yongzhou 425199, China
摘要：
Human activities have led to elevated levels of selenium (Se) in the environment, which poses a threat to ecosystems and human health. Stenotrophomonas sp. EGS12 (EGS12) has been identified as a potential candidate for the bioremediation of repair selenium-contaminated environment because of its ability to efficiently reduce Se(IV) to form selenium nanospheres (SeNPs). To better understand the molecular mechanism of EGS12 in response to Se(IV) stress, a combination of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), genome sequencing techniques, metabolomics and transcriptomics were employed. The results indicated that under 2mM Se(IV) stress, 132 differential metabolites (DEMs) were identified, and they were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways such as glutathione metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Under the Se(IV) stress of 2mM, 662 differential genes (DEGs) involved in heavy metal transport, stress response, and toxin synthesis were identified in EGS12. These findings suggest that EGS12 may respond to Se(IV) stress by engaging various mechanisms such as forming biofilms, repairing damaged cell walls/cell membranes, reducing Se(IV) translocation into cells, increasing Se(IV) efflux, multiplying Se(IV) reduction pathways and expelling SeNPs through cell lysis and vesicular transport. The study also discusses the potential of EGS12 to repair Se contamination alone and co-repair with Se-tolerant plants (e.g. Cardamine enshiensis). Our work provides new insights into microbial tolerance to heavy metals and offers valuable information for bio-remediation techniques on Se(IV) contamination.
通讯机构：
[Shitou Xia] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
B. napus;GYF domain;S. sclerotiorum;infection response;synteny analysis
摘要：
GYF (glycine-tyrosine-phenylalanine)-domain-containing proteins, which were reported to participate in many aspects of biological processes in yeast and animals, are highly conserved adaptor proteins existing in almost all eukaryotes. Our previous study revealed that GYF protein MUSE11/EXA1 is involved in nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptor-mediated defense in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the GYF-domain encoding homologous genes are still not clear in other plants. Here, we performed genome-wide identification of GYF-domain encoding genes (GYFs) from Brassica napus and its parental species, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. As a result, 26 GYFs of B. napus (BnaGYFs), 11 GYFs of B. rapa (BraGYFs), and 14 GYFs of B. oleracea (BolGYFs) together with 10 A. thaliana (AtGYFs) were identified, respectively. We, then, conducted gene structure, motif, cis-acting elements, duplication, chromosome localization, and phylogenetic analysis of these genes. Gene structure analysis indicated the diversity of the exon numbers of these genes. We found that the defense and stress responsiveness element existed in 23 genes and also identified 10 motifs in these GYF proteins. Chromosome localization exhibited a similar distribution of BnaGYFs with BraGYFs or BolGYFs in their respective genomes. The phylogenetic and gene collinearity analysis showed the evolutionary conservation of GYFs among B. napus and its parental species as well as Arabidopsis. These 61 identified GYF domain proteins can be classified into seven groups according to their sequence similarity. Expression of BnaGYFs induced by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum provided five highly upregulated genes and five highly downregulated genes, which might be candidates for further research of plant-fungal interaction in B. napus.
作者机构：
[Li, Yuchen; Chen, Long; Mi, Baobin; He, Jiangnan; Wu, Fangfang; Zhou, Zhi] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Hunan Engn Res Ctr Biochar,Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Mi, Baobin] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Res Inst Vegetables, Changsha 410125, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fangfang Wu] S;School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, College of Agronomy, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
摘要：
In this study, functionalized banana peel biochar (BPB) was prepared by microwave-assisted pyrolysis for the first time to investigate its adsorption to malachite green (MG) dye. Adsorption experiments showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of BPB500 and BPB900 to malachite green reached 1790.30 and 2297.83 mg.g(-1) within 120 min. The adsorption behaviour was well-fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, and Delta G(0) < 0, Delta H-0 > 0, indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, dominated by chemisorption. The adsorption mechanism of MG dye on BPB included hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bonding, pi-pi interaction, n-pi interaction, and ion exchange. Meanwhile, through regeneration tests, simulated wastewater treatment experiments, and cost calculations, it was found that BPB has great potential for practical applications. This work demonstrated that microwave-assisted pyrolysis is a viable low-cost approach for producing excellent sorbents from biomass, and banana peel is a promising feedstock to prepare biochar for dye removal.
通讯机构：
[Jun Fang] C;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China<&wdkj&>Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
关键词：
Bacterial community;Composting;Nitrogen functional gene;Nitrogen loss
摘要：
This study investigated the impacts of adding FeSO(4) and biochar to cattle manure and rice straw composts on functional genes controlling nitrogen loss, bacterial community, nitrification, and denitrification. Four treatments were established, including a control group (CP), and CP mixtures that included 4% biochar (TG1), 4% FeSO(4) (TG2), or 2% FeSO(4) and 2% biochar (TG3). Compared to CP, TG1-3 had a lower total nitrogen loss rate, and TG3 resulted in reduced NH(3) (52.4%) and N(2)O (35.6%) emissions to mitigate nitrogen loss. The abundance of amoA and narG gene in TG3 was higher than in the other groups, and TG3 was beneficial to the growth of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. According to redundancy and Pearson analysis, TG3 had a positive effect on the nitrification process by increasing the abundance of amoA and narG. Thus, biochar and FeSO(4) addition mitigate nitrogen loss by regulating the nitrification processes.
通讯机构：
[Zai-Sheng Wu] C;Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
关键词：
Cell viability;Grid-patterned DNA-protein hybrid (GDPH);Prevention of cancer metastasis;Three-dimensionally (3D) fluorescence counts;miR-21
摘要：
Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been revealed to be critical genetic regulators in various physiological processes and thus quantitative information on the expression level of critical miRNAs has important implications for the initiation and development of human diseases, including cancers.Objectives: We herein develop three-dimensionally (3D) counting of intracellular fluorescent spots for accurately evaluating microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) expression in individual HeLa cells based on stimuli activated in situ growth of optical DNA flares, grid-patterned DNA-protein hybrids (GDPHs). Methods: Target miRNA is sequence-specifically detected down to 10 pM owing to efficient signal amplification. Within living cells, GDPH flares are nuclease resistant and discrete objects with retarded mobility, enabling the screening of intracellular location and distribution of miRNAs and realizing in situ counting of target species with a high accuracy.Results: The quantitative results of intracellular miRNAs by 3D fluorescence counts are consistent with qPCR gold standard assay, exhibiting the superiority over 2D counts. By screening the expression of intracellular miR-21 that can down-regulate the programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) protein, the proliferation and migration of HeLa cells, including artificially-regulated ones, were well estimated, thus enabling the prediction of cancer metastasis in murine tumor models. Conclusion: The experiments in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo demonstrate that GDPH-based 3D fluorescence counts at the single cell level provide a valuable molecular tool for understanding biological function of miRNAs and especially for recognizing aggressive CTCs, offering a design blueprint for further expansion of DNA structural nanotechnology in predicting distant metastasis and prevention of tumor recurrence after primary resection. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
摘要：
Osteoporosis, one of the serious public health problems worldwide, can lead to degeneration of the bone structure and increased risk of fractures. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a natural product with potential efficacy in inhibiting bone loss. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study first investigated the role of EGCG in preventing dexamethasone (DEX)-induced osteoporosis by regulating intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites. We detected the bone density, bone microstructure, and changes in intestinal microorganisms and serum metabolites. According to our results, EGCG inhibited the decline of bone density, protected the bone microstructure, increased microbial diversity, promoted the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcus, and inhibited the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Peptostreptococcaceae. There were also significant changes in serum metabolites among different treatments. Differential metabolites were mainly involved in sphingolipid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways, especially ceramide (d18:0/16:0(2OH)), phosphatidylserine (P-20:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), phosphatidylserine (18:2(9Z,12Z)/12:0), and phosphatidylethanolamine (O-16:0/0:00), which were increased after EGCG treatment. Notably, most of the above metabolites were positively correlated with bone mineral density, BV/TV and Tb center dot Th, and negatively correlated with Tb center dot Sp. In summary, EGCG can prevent bone damage, promote the production of beneficial bacteria and metabolites, and enhance immune function. This study provides a basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, as well as the application of EGCG in maintaining body health. EGCG prevents osteoporosis in rats by increasing beneficial metabolites and bacteria, as well as reducing pathogenic bacteria.
通讯机构：
[Zhihua Xiao] C;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
通讯机构：
[Shengsong Tang] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, and Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China , Hengyang421001 , China<&wdkj&>Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine , Huaihua418000 , China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
摘要：
Extrachromosomal DNA, referred to as extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), was found in most cancers and nearly absent in normal cells. The properties of ecDNA enable tumor cells to be more responsive to various environments. The non-Mendelian genetic mechanism of ecDNA could arouse increasing tumor heterogeneity. Besides, ecDNA would promote tumor invasiveness and provide resistance mechanisms associated with poorer survival consequences. Furthermore, ecDNA could profoundly impact oncogene activation, genome instability, tumor heterogeneity, etc. Consequently, they may offer potential possibilities for tumor diagnosis and therapeutics. We primarily reviewed the classification, several primary formation mechanisms, homeostasis maintenance and frontier progress of ecDNA and late emphasized its fundamental roles in tumorigenesis and put forward some new insights. We identified that miR-3168 was increased in liver CSCs and inhibited liver CSC expansion via directly targeting p53. We also illustrated that miR-3168 may predict survival benefit from TACE in HCC patients.
