关键词：
baohuoside I;epimedium;hyperoside;icariin;interleukin-13;interleukin-4;pancreatic cancer
摘要：
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a particularly aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. The search for innovative treatments has focused on traditional Chinese medicine, specifically epimedium. This research investigates epimedium's active ingredients, potential targets, and underlying mechanisms in treating PC. Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the active components of epimedium and HPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed for qualitative identification. Potential targets of epimedium's active ingredients were identified using the TCMSP, ETCM, CTD, and Swiss Target Prediction databases. Potential PC-related targets were sourced from DisGeNET, GeneCards, and OMIM databases. A Venn diagram was utilized to identify overlapping PC-related and epimedium targets. Core targets and pathways were elucidated through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) assessments, and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses. Molecular docking techniques investigated interactions between active compounds and these targets. The expression and prognostic implications of target genes were evaluated using GEPIA2 and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. In vitro studies assessed the impact of epimedium extract (EPE) on Panc-1 cell viability, and Western blot analysis examined the expression levels of key targets. Results: Network pharmacological indicate that epimedium econtains active components such as baohuoside I, icariin, hyperoside, and epimedin B, which have potential therapeutic effects against PC. In vitro assays confirmed that EPE significantly reduced the viability of Panc-1 cells. Western blot analysis revealed a considerable decrease in the expression of key targets in EPE-treated cells, including AKT1, EGFR, p-EGFR, JUN, BCL2, IL6, and SRC. The R-HSA-1280215: Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling pathways involving these genes were identified as potential therapeutic targets. Discussion: Epimedium holds promise as a candidate for treating PC. The modulation of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling pathways could be a pivotal mechanism by which epimedium impedes tumor development. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore the clinical applicability of epimedium in PC treatment.
摘要：
In traditional Chinese medicine, Angelica dahurica is a valuable herb with numerous therapeutic applications for a range of ailments. There have not yet been any articles on the methodical assessment and choice of the best reference genes for A. dahurica gene expression studies. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is widely employed as the predominant method for investigating gene expression. In order to ensure the precise determination of target gene expression outcomes in RT-qPCR analysis, it is imperative to employ stable reference genes. In this study, a total of 11 candidate reference genes including SAND family protein (SAND), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTBP), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), actin (ACT), TIP41-like protein (TIP41), cyclophilin 2 (CYP2), elongation factor 1 α (EF1α), ubiquitin-protein ligase 9 (UBC9), tubulin β-6 (TUB6), thioredoxin-like protein YLS8 (YLS8), and tubulin-α (TUBA) were selected from the transcriptome of A. dahurica. Subsequently, three statistical algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper) were employed to assess the stability of their expression patterns across seven distinct stimulus treatments. The outcomes obtained from these analyses were subsequently amalgamated into a comprehensive ranking using RefFinder. Additionally, one target gene, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), was used to confirm the effectiveness of the selected reference genes. According to the findings of this study, the two most stable reference genes for normalizing the expression of genes in A. dahurica are TIP41 and UBC9. Overall, our research has determined the appropriate reference genes for RT-qPCR in A. dahurica and provides a crucial foundation for gene screening and identifying genes associated with the biosynthesis of active ingredients in A. dahurica.
期刊：
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2022年38(6):1-10 ISSN：0959-3993
通讯作者：
Zeng, JG;Huang, P
作者机构：
[Sun, Mengshan; Zeng, Jianguo; Xu, Zixuan] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhong, Xiaohong; Sun, Mengshan] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Li] Hunan Acad Agr Sci, Hunan Inst Agr Environm & Ecol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Zixuan] Hunan Univ Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, P; Huang, Peng] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, JG ; Huang, P ] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Key Lab Tradit Chinese Vet Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Natl & Local Union Engn Res Ctr Vet Herbal Med Re, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Zhonghua] H;[Chen, Dong] G;Hunan Agr Univ, Natl Res Ctr Engn Technol Utilizat Funct Ingredie, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan Agr Univ, Hort & Landscape Coll, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Drinkable Plant Res Inst, Tea Res Ctr, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
acylglycoside flavone;flavone;glycoside;hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase;kaempferol;quercetin;unclassified drug;3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A;acyl coenzyme A;glucosidase;glycoside;kaempferol derivative;protein binding;quercetin;antidiabetic activity;Article;biological activity;carbon nuclear magnetic resonance;chemical structure;cluster analysis;fuzhuan brick tea;high performance liquid chromatography;human;hypoglycemia;hypolipemia;hypolipidemic activity;metabolite;molecular docking;proton nuclear magnetic resonance;simulation;tea;time of flight mass spectrometry;analogs and derivatives;Camellia sinensis;chemistry;metabolism;molecular docking;tea;Acyl Coenzyme A;Camellia sinensis;Glucosidases;Glycosides;Humans;Kaempferols;Molecular Docking Simulation;Protein Binding;Quercetin;Tea
摘要：
Four novel acylglycosides flavones (AGFs) including two quercetin acylglycosides and two kaempferol acylglycosides were isolated from Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) as follows: quercetin 3-O-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->3)] [2-O''-(E)-p-coumaroyl] [beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)]-beta-d-galactoside was named as camelliquercetiside E (1), quercetin 3-O-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->3)] [2-O''-(E)-p-coumaroyl] [alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)]-beta-d-galactoside was named as camelliquercetiside F (2), kaempferol 3-O-[alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl (1-->3)] [2-O''-(E)-p-coumaroyl] [beta-d-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)]-beta-d-glucoside was named as camellikaempferoside D (3), kaempferol 3-O-[alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl (1-->3)] [2-O''-(E)-p-coumaroyl] [alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)]-beta-d-glucoside was named as camellikaempferoside E (4). Chemical structures of AGFs were identified by time-of-flight mass (TOF-MS) and NMR spectrometers ((1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HMBC and HSQC), and the MS(2) fragmentation pathway of AGFs was further investigated. The inhibitory abilities of AGFs and their proposed metabolites on alpha-glucosidase and HMG-CoA reductase were analyzed by molecular docking simulation, and the results suggested that inhibitory activities of AGFs were significantly affected by acyl structure, number of glycosyl and conformation, and part of them had strong inhibitory activities on alpha-glucosidase and HMG-CoA reductase, suggesting that AGFs and their metabolites might be important ingredients that participate in the regulation of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. The results provided new AGFs and research directions for the practical study of FBT health functions in future.
作者机构：
[彭淼; 钟晓红] Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China;[易干军; 董涛; 高慧君] Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510640, China;[林雪茜; 吴少平] Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China<&wdkj&>Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510640, China
