摘要：
Objective: To investigate the reproductive toxicity and cytotoxicity of T-2 toxin, which is a mycotoxin, and to explore its potential apoptotic induction mechanism. Methods: Ovarian granulosa cells of rats were treated with T-2 toxin (1-100 nM) for 24 h. The cytotoxicity was assessed with MTT bioassay; apoptotic cells were identified microscopically by chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation with Hoechst 33258; mitochondrial membrane potential with hodamine 123 and reactive reactive oxygen species (ROS) with 2',7'-dichlorofluoresceinacetate (DCFH-DA) was analyzed by fluorometry; p53 and other apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9 were determined by Western blot analysis, and related mRNA expressions were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The caspase activity was measured by cleavage of the caspase substrate (Ac-DEVD-pNA for caspase-3. Ac-LEHD- pNA for caspase-9). Results: T-2 toxin inhibited the growth of granulosa cells in a concentration-dependent way. The result of Hoechst 33258 staining indicated that T-2 toxin induces granulosa cells apoptosis based on the typical apoptotic morphological changes. Subsequently, we found that T-2 toxin treatment induced ROS accumulation in granulosa cells, resulting in reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The induction of cell apoptosis was caused by the upregulation of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, Bax/Bcl-2 ration, and the activation of the caspases pathways. T-2 toxin-induced apoptotic granulosa cells significantly decreased through the use of antioxidant Trolox. Conclusion: These data suggest a possible underlying molecular mechanism for T-2 toxin that induces the apoptosis signaling pathway in rat granulosa cells by regulation of ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
通讯机构：
[Yuan, Hui] H;Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
DNA damage;Gossypol;Oxidase;Sertoli cells
摘要：
The study was designated to explore the toxic effects of gossypol on piglet sertoli cells. Sertoli cellswere isolated from piglet testes using a two-step enzyme digestion and followed by differential plating.Piglet sertoli cells were cultured and classified into five groups, that is, group A, the control withoutgossypol, group B with 2.5 μg/ml gossypol, group C with 5 μg/ml gossypol, group D with 10 μg/mlgossypol and group E with 20 μg/ml gossypol. We found that sertoli cells’ growth was inhibited bygossypol at dose 2.5 μg/ml when compared with the control group. The oxidase activity of sertoli cellalso decreased at 2.5 μg/m gossypol. Moreover, DNA damage of sertoli cells was observed at 5 μg/mlgossypol. Putting this into consideration, our study suggests that exposure of gossypol to sertoli cellsleads to an inhibition of sertoli cell growth and oxidase activity of sertoli cells at a low concentration,whereas gossypol results in DNA damage of sertoli cells at a higher concentration.Keywords: Gossypol, sertoli cells, oxidase, DNA damage
摘要：
The study was designed to explore the toxic effects of arsanilic acid on piglet Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells were isolated from piglet testes using a two-step enzyme digestion followed by differential plating. Piglet Sertoli cells were cultured and classified into the following five groups: group A, the control without arsanilic acid treatment; group B, cultured with 5 mu M arsanilic acid; group C, cultured with 50 mu M arsanilic acid; group D, cultured with 0.5 mM arsanilic acid; and group E, cultured with 5 mM arsanilic acid. We found that Sertoli cell growth was inhibited by arsanilic acid at 0.5 mM compared with the control, group A. The oxidase activity of Sertoli cells was decreased by arsanilic acid at 0.5 mM as evidenced by the observations that arsanilic acid increased MDA content but decreased the SOD and GSH-Px activities of Sertoli cells. Moreover, 50 mu M of arsanilic acid was observed to cause DNA damage in Sertoli cells. The results of our study suggest that exposure of Sertoli cells to arsanilic acid leads to induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of cell growth at a high concentration, while arsanilic acid causes DNA damage in Sertoli cells at a low concentration.
摘要：
Penicillic acid is one of the main mycotoxins in moldy feedstuff and has toxic effect on livestock and poultry and probably humans due to food chain transmission. The objective of this study was to generate and characterize a monoclonal antibody to penicillic acid for the efficient detection of penicillic acid from Penicillium cyclopiumby immunological methods. To this end, penicillic acid was conjugated to bovine serum album (BSA) using the Mannich reaction and coupled with ovalbumin (OVA) by the method of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) to generate artificial antigens penicillic acid-BSA and penicillic acid-OVA. A hybridoma cell line was obtained after fusion of mouse SP2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with artificial antigen penicillic acid-BSA. A monoclonal antibody specific against penicillic acid was produced in vivo by this hybridoma cell line. Further analysis revealed that the monoclonal antibody to penicillic acid was of the IgG1 subtype, with a titer of 1: 2.05 × 105. The antibody to penicillic acid had no or less cross-reaction with mycotoxins, including aflatoxin B1, zearalenone, T-2 toxin and fumonisins and more importantly, it assumed an affinity of about 1.54 × 108 liters per mol. Our ability to produce a monoclonal antibody to penicillic acid provides necessary groundwork for the effective detection of penicillic acid in various tissues of animals and human, using the immunocytochemistry, Western blots and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Abbreviation
EDC, 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride; BSA, bovine serum albumin; OVA, ovalbumin; PEG, polyethylene glycol; FCS, fetal calf serum; PBS, phosphate buffer saline; UV, ultraviolet; ELISA,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; HT,hypoxanthine-thymidine; HAT, hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymidine; DMF,dimethylformamide; NHS, N-hydroxysuccinimide; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
摘要：
Very little information is known about the toxic effects of cadmium on somatic cells in mammalian testis. The objective of this study is to explore the toxicity of cadmium on piglet Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells were isolated from piglet testes using a two-step enzyme digestion and followed by differential plating. Piglet Sertoli cells were identified by oil red O staining and Fas ligand (FasL) expression as assayed by immunocytochemistry and expression of transferrin and androgen binding protein by RT-PCR. Sertoli cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum in the absence or presence of various concentrations of cadmium chloride, or treatment with p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190 and with cadmium chloride exposure. Apoptotic cells in seminiferous tubules of piglets were also performed using TUNEL assay in vivo. Cadmium chloride inhibited the proliferation of Piglet Sertoli cells as shown by MTT assay, and it increased malondialdehyde (MDA) but reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. Inhibitor SB202190 alleviated the proliferation inhibition of cadmium on piglet Sertoli cells. Comet assay revealed that cadmium chloride caused DNA damage of Piglet Sertoli cells and resulted in cell apoptosis as assayed by flow cytometry. The in vivo study confirmed that cadmium induced cell apoptosis in seminiferous tubules of piglets. Transmission electronic microscopy showed abnormal and apoptotic ultrastructure in Piglet Sertoli cells treated with cadmium chloride compared to the control. cadmium has obvious adverse effects on the proliferation of piglet Sertoli cells and causes their DNA damage, cell apoptosis, and aberrant morphology. This study thus offers novel insights into the toxicology of cadmium on male reproduction.
