摘要：
Niga-ichigoside F1, an ursolic acid-type pentacyclic triterpenoid, possesses various pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive potentials. However, its function and underlying mechanism in ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unknown. Hence, this study aimed to explore the effect of Nigaichigoside F1 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The predictive results of network pharmacology identified 311 common targets of Niga-ichigoside F1 and ulcerative colitis. The 4 highest-scoring genes were screened by the BottleNeck method and they were, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), protein kinase B gamma (AKT3), and phosphatidylinositol-4,5bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit beta (PIK3CB). KEGG pathway analysis indicated that Niga-ichigoside F1 probably exerted a protective effect on UC through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathways. Molecular docking results showed that Niga-ichigoside F1 had a high affinity for nuclear factor-kappa B-inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B-I kappa B) complex, with the lowest binding energy. Furthermore, our results in vivo showed that Niga-ichigoside F1 alleviated weight loss, colon shortening, disease activity index (DAI), and histological scoring in DSS-induced colitis mice. Moreover, Niga-ichigoside F1 decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the expression of oxidative stress markers nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malonaldehyde (MDA) to mitigate inflammation and intestinal damage. Western blotting results evidenced that Nigaichigoside F1 intervention significantly regulated the NF-kappa B pathway. In conclusion, this study highlighted the potential of Niga-ichigoside F1 in ameliorating colitis, indicating its potential application as a functional food.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Zheng; Kang, Jinhe] C;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China<&wdkj&>CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Physiology and Metabolism, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, China
摘要：
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted to determine the response of the reproductive hormones and the mTOR/AKT/PI3K pathway in the ovaries of postpartum dairy cows with dietary rumen-protected glucose (RPG). Twelve Holstein cows were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 6/group): the control group (CT) and the RPG group. Blood samples were collected on d 1, 7, and 14 after calving for the gonadal hormone assay. The expression of the gonadal hormones receptors and PI3K/mTOR/AKT pathways were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot. The RPG addition increased the plasma LH, E2, and P4 concentrations on d 14 after calving and upregulated the mRNA and protein expressions of the ERα, ERβ, 17β-HSD, FSHR, LHR, and CYP17A1 but downregulated StAR expression. Immunohistochemical analysis identified higher expressions of the FSHR and LHR in the ovaries of RPG-fed cows compared to CT cows. Furthermore, the protein expressions of <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-AKT/AKT and <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-mTOR/mTOR were significantly increased in the ovaries of RPG-fed cows compared to the CT group, but the addition of RPG did not alter the protein expression of <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-PI3K/PI3K. In conclusion, the current results indicated that dietary RPG supplementation regulated gonadotropin secretion and stimulated expression of hormone receptors and the mTOR/AKT pathway in the ovaries of early postpartum dairy cows. RPG may be beneficial for the recovery of ovarian activity in post-calving dairy cows.</jats:p>
摘要：
Osteoporosis, one of the serious public health problems worldwide, can lead to degeneration of the bone structure and increased risk of fractures. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a natural product with potential efficacy in inhibiting bone loss. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study first investigated the role of EGCG in preventing dexamethasone (DEX)-induced osteoporosis by regulating intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites. We detected the bone density, bone microstructure, and changes in intestinal microorganisms and serum metabolites. According to our results, EGCG inhibited the decline of bone density, protected the bone microstructure, increased microbial diversity, promoted the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcus, and inhibited the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Peptostreptococcaceae. There were also significant changes in serum metabolites among different treatments. Differential metabolites were mainly involved in sphingolipid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways, especially ceramide (d18:0/16:0(2OH)), phosphatidylserine (P-20:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), phosphatidylserine (18:2(9Z,12Z)/12:0), and phosphatidylethanolamine (O-16:0/0:00), which were increased after EGCG treatment. Notably, most of the above metabolites were positively correlated with bone mineral density, BV/TV and Tb center dot Th, and negatively correlated with Tb center dot Sp. In summary, EGCG can prevent bone damage, promote the production of beneficial bacteria and metabolites, and enhance immune function. This study provides a basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, as well as the application of EGCG in maintaining body health. EGCG prevents osteoporosis in rats by increasing beneficial metabolites and bacteria, as well as reducing pathogenic bacteria.
通讯机构：
[Shengsong Tang] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, and Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China , Hengyang421001 , China<&wdkj&>Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine , Huaihua418000 , China<&wdkj&>College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
摘要：
Extrachromosomal DNA, referred to as extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), was found in most cancers and nearly absent in normal cells. The properties of ecDNA enable tumor cells to be more responsive to various environments. The non-Mendelian genetic mechanism of ecDNA could arouse increasing tumor heterogeneity. Besides, ecDNA would promote tumor invasiveness and provide resistance mechanisms associated with poorer survival consequences. Furthermore, ecDNA could profoundly impact oncogene activation, genome instability, tumor heterogeneity, etc. Consequently, they may offer potential possibilities for tumor diagnosis and therapeutics. We primarily reviewed the classification, several primary formation mechanisms, homeostasis maintenance and frontier progress of ecDNA and late emphasized its fundamental roles in tumorigenesis and put forward some new insights. We identified that miR-3168 was increased in liver CSCs and inhibited liver CSC expansion via directly targeting p53. We also illustrated that miR-3168 may predict survival benefit from TACE in HCC patients.
摘要：
Fusarium wilt disease poses a severe threat to watermelon cultivation by affecting the yield and quality of the fruit. We had previously found that the rhizosphere microbiome has a significant impact on the ability of watermelon plants to resist Fusarium wilt development and that salicylic acid (SA) is closely related to this phenomenon. Therefore, in this study, the role of SA as a mediator between plants and microbes in activating resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON) infection was explored through physiological, biochemical, and metagenomic sequencing experiments. We demonstrated that exogenous SA treatment could specifically increase some beneficial rhizosphere species that can confer resistance against FON inoculation, such as Rhodanobacter, Sphingomonas, and Micromonospora. Functional annotation analysis indicated that SA application significantly increased the relative abundance of glycoside hydrolase and polysaccharide lyase genes in the microbiome, which may play an essential role in increasing plant lipids. Moreover, network interaction analysis suggested that the highly expressed AAC6_IIC gene may be manipulated through SA signal transduction pathways. In conclusion, these results provide a novel strategy for controlling Fusarium wilt in watermelons from the perspective of environmental ecology, that is, by manipulating the rhizosphere microbiome through SA to control Fusarium wilt.
期刊：
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2022年2022:1-13 ISSN：1741-427X
通讯作者：
Wang, Z.;Chen, L.-J.
作者机构：
[Chen, Li-jun; Wang, Zhi; Lv, Bo] Hunan Normal Univ, Key Lab Prot Chem & Dev Biol Fish, Minist Educ, Changsha 410081, Peoples R China.;[Peng, Yuan-de] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Bast Fiber Crops, Changsha 410205, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Wen-hui; Li, Wen-jing] Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Biotechnol, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Li-jun] Shaoyang Univ, Shaoyang, Hunan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Z.; Chen, L.-J.] K;Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
期刊：
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology,2022年11(3):293 ISSN：0933-7954
通讯作者：
Wang, R.
作者机构：
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China;Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China;Hunan Agricultural Equipment Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China;Zhuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
通讯机构：
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
摘要：
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of a dietary rumen-protected glucose (RPG) addition on uterine involution through the analysis of an insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and associated pathways in the post-natal endometrium. Twelve Holstein cows were assigned equally to two groups: a control group (CT) and an RPG group (200 g of RPG per cow per day). The plasma content of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was determined by using the ELISA method. Expressions of IGF members, the matrix metalloproteinase, protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex1 (mTOR) signaling pathway, and cell proliferation factors (proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67) were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence, respectively. The results showed that the positive cells of PCNA and Ki67 were increased in the endometrium of RPG versus CT cows. The RPG addition significantly increased the plasma IGF1 level 14 d after delivery. The mRNA expressions of the IGF family members (IGF1, IGF2, type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP4 and IGFBP5)) were upregulated, and mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase MMP3 and MMP9 were downregulated in cows from the RPG group compared with the CT group. Meanwhile, the protein expressions of IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGFBP1 and IGFBP4 were upregulated in cows from the RPG group compared with the CT group. Immunohistochemical analysis identified a positive response for IGF1R and IGF2R in the endometrium of RPG versus CT cows. Furthermore, the RPG supplementation increased the protein expressions of phosphorylated (p)-AKT to total AKT and p-mTOR to total mTOR ratio in the endometrium. The current results indicated that the RPG supplementation promoted the proliferation of endometrial cells by stimulating the IGFs and mTOR/AKT pathway in the early post-natal endometrium of dairy cows.
