摘要：
Two fragments of the COVID-19 genome (specific and homologous) were used as two inputs to construct an AND logic gate for COVID-19 detection based on exonuclease III and DNAzyme. The detection sensitivity of the assay can reach fM levels. Satisfactory recovery values were obtained in real sample analysis.
摘要：
Cotton fibers are the main raw materials of the textile industry. Exogenous superior fiber genes have been introduced into upland cotton to develop high-yield cultivars with excellent fiber quality. We used a single chromosomal segment on the chromosome A07 substitution line SL7, with high fiber strength, to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying its fiber quality. RNA-seq and KEGG analysis showed that 70 differentially expressed genes were enriched in plant hormone transduction pathways, including auxin, ethylene and abscisic acid, in fibers at 10 days post-anthesis (DPA). Among these, fiber-development related transcription factors MYB and NAC, including Gh_A11G0981 (MYB108), Gh_A03G0887 (NAC029), and Gh_A08G1691 (NAC021), were significantly upregulated in SL7, as were numerous cellulose synthase-like (CSL) genes involved in non-cellulose polysaccharide and cell wall synthesis. The hemicellulose content of SL7 was significantly higher than that of L22, an upland cotton cultivar. These results suggest that key genes in the introgressed chromosomal segment of SL7 regulate the expression of transcription-factor genes via hormone-transduction pathways, thereby inducing the expression of genes involved in secondary wall synthesis and ultimately improving fiber quality. This study has shed light on the molecular mechanism of fiber development and will contribute to the improvement of fiber quality of upland cotton by molecular breeding. (c) 2019 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
摘要：
In this work, a label-free fluorescence biosensor was proposed for simple detection of the Kras wild type by using the three way DNA junction-driven catalyzed hairpin assembly strategy. In this system, a three-way DNA junction probe (JP) and two hairpin probes (H1 and H2) were designed. In the presence of the Kras wild type, an autocatalytic DNA machine can be activated. This leads to the generation of numerous free G-rich sequences, which can associate with a fluorescent dye N-methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMM) to yield an amplified fluorescence signal for the target detection. This sensing platform showed a high sensitivity towards the Kras wild type with a detection limit as low as 2.7 fM without any labelling, immobilization, or washing steps. The designed sensing system also exhibits an excellent selectivity for the Kras wild type compared with other interference DNA sequences. Furthermore, the presented biosensor is robust and has been successfully applied for the detection of the Kras wild type in a real biological sample with satisfactory results, suggesting that this method is promising for simple and early clinical diagnosis of genetic diseases. Thanks to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ultrasensitivity, our proposed sensing strategy provides a universal platform for the detection of other genetic diseases by substituting the target-recognition element.
期刊：
Methods in Molecular Biology,2019年1902:233-244 ISSN：1064-3745
通讯作者：
Zhang, T.
作者机构：
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China;Genetics and Developmental Biology Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
通讯机构：
Agronomy Department, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
摘要：
In this work, a label-free fluorescence biosensor for simple detection of the HIV-1 gene was proposed by using toehold-mediated strand displacement reactions (TMSDRs) combined with a non-enzymatic target recycling amplification strategy. In this system, two TMSDRs were used. In the presence of the HIV-1 gene, an autocatalytic DNA machine can be activated. This leads to the generation of numerous free G-rich sequences, which can associate with a fluorescent dye N-methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMM) to yield an amplified fluorescence signal for the target detection. This sensing platform showed a high sensitivity towards the HIV-1 gene with a detection limit as low as 1.9 pM without any labelling, immobilization, or washing steps. The designed sensing system also exhibits an excellent selectivity for the HIV-1 gene compared with other interference DNA sequences. Furthermore, the presented biosensor is robust and has been successfully applied for the detection of the HIV-1 gene in a real biological sample with satisfactory results, suggesting that this method is promising for simple and early clinical diagnosis of HIV infection. Thanks to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and ultrasensitivity, our proposed sensing strategy provides a universal platform for the detection of other genes by substituting the target-recognition element.
摘要：
A novel feather-degrading bacterium named CA-1 was isolated from the gut of the spider Chilobrachys guangxiensis, which degrades native whole chicken feathers within 20 h. The CA-1 was confirmed to belong to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia based on morphologic and molecular analysis. Maximum feather degradation activity of the bacterium was observed at 37 A degrees C in basal feather medium (NaCl 0.5 g/L, KH2PO4 0.3 g/L, K2HPO4 0.4 g/L, feather powder 10.0 g/L, pH 8.0), which was inhibited when glucose and ammonium nitrate were added in the medium. Furthermore, the purified enzymes under the optimal and suppressive conditions were analyzed respectively by SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS. Three enzymes, namely alkaline serine protease (29.1 kDa), ABC transporter permease (27.5 kDa), and alkaline phosphatase (40.8 kDa), were isolated and identified from the supernatant of the optimal culture and were considered to play principal roles. On the other hand, the potential synergic effects of the three proteins in S. maltophilia CA-1 feather degradation system were analyzed theoretically. CA-1 may product outer-membrane vesicles comprised of membranes and periplasmic proteins in the feather medium. The newly identified CA-1 and its synergic enzymes provide a new insight into further understanding the molecular mechanism of feather degradation by microbes. They also have potential application in cost-effectively degrading feathers into feeds and fertilizers through careful optimization and engineering of the three newly identified enzymes.
关键词：
ABSTRACT: Biological degumming is an eco-friendly, efficient, high-quality and low-cost method that has become the leading bast fiber degumming technology. However, bacterial strains with short degumming cycles, high gum removal rates and small fiber damage are few. To screen high quality microbial resources with bast-fiber biological degumming function, soil samples were collected from a continuously cultivated banana plantation and then used to be enriched by ramie and kenaf materials in turn. A selective pectin-degrading medium was used to screen for excellent bacteria. A dominant bacterial strain was identified by phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, and its biological degumming effects on ramie and kenaf were verified by a comprehensive evaluation system. Results showed that seven bacterial strains secreting pectinase were obtained and the largest hydrolysis circle with a diameter ratio H/C of 2.4 was produced by the bacterial strain hn1-1, which was preliminarily identified as the Bacillus cereus by colony morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence (GenBank accession number: KX013542) cluster analysis. The fiber production of ramie and kenaf degummed by B. cereus hn1-1 for 10 h were 72 % and 76 %, the residual gum rates were 4 % and 5 %, respectively. These values satisfied the textile industry requirement of < 6 % residual gum rate. Therefore, an effective biological degumming bacterium, B. cereus, was identified using a pectin-hydrolysis selective medium through a simple, economical, and time-saving method. Furthermore, the biological degumming technology by B. cereus for ramie and kenaf had a short cycle, ideal removal gum rate, and high-quality and productive fiber output. Keywords: Bacillus cereus;pectinase;bast fiber;bio-degumming
摘要：
Biological degumming is an eco-friendly, efficient, high-quality and low-cost method that has become the leading bast fiber degumming technology. However, bacterial strains with short degumming cycles, high gum removal rates and small fiber damage are few. To screen high quality microbial resources with bast-fiber biological degumming function, soil samples were collected from a continuously cultivated banana plantation and then used to be enriched by ramie and kenaf materials in turn. A selective pectin-degrading medium was used to screen for excellent bacteria. A dominant bacterial strain was identified by phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, and its biological degumming effects on ramie and kenaf were verified by a comprehensive evaluation system. Results showed that seven bacterial strains secreting pectinase were obtained and the largest hydrolysis circle with a diameter ratio H/C of 2.4 was produced by the bacterial strain hn1-1, which was preliminarily identified as the Bacillus cereus by colony morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence (GenBank accession number: KX013542) cluster analysis. The fiber production of ramie and kenaf degummed by B. cereus hn1-1 for 10 h were 72 % and 76 %, the residual gum rates were 4 % and 5 %, respectively. These values satisfied the textile industry requirement of < 6 % residual gum rate. Therefore, an effective biological degumming bacterium, B. cereus, was identified using a pectin-hydrolysis selective medium through a simple, economical, and time-saving method. Furthermore, the biological degumming technology by B. cereus for ramie and kenaf had a short cycle, ideal removal gum rate, and high-quality and productive fiber output. Keywords: Bacillus cereus; pectinase; bast fiber; bio-degumming
摘要：
In this work, a label-free fluorescence biosensor for ultrasensitive and simple detection of the mecA gene of Staphylococcus aureus was proposed by using an exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted cascade signal amplification strategy. The 3' end-extruding hairpin probe (HP) acted as the target recognition element and the caged G-quadruplex was used as the signal reporter. Without the mecA gene, the HP probe cannot be digested by Exo III, as the G-rich sequences are blocked in the stem of the HP probe. In the presence of the mecA gene, the hybridization of the mecA gene with the 3' end-extruding HP probe triggers the digestion reaction of Exo III, liberating the mecA gene and the mecA gene analogue. Both the released mecA gene and the mecA gene analogue can hybridize with other HP probes and activate another round of the cleavage reaction. Consequently, the released free G-quadruplex is "lit up" by N-methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMM), displaying a dramatically enhanced fluorescence intensity. This sensing platform showed a high sensitivity towards the mecA gene with a detection limit as low as 2.4 fM without any labelling, immobilization, or washing steps. The designed sensing system also exhibits excellent selectivity for the mecA gene in the presence of other interfering DNA sequences. Furthermore, the presented biosensor is robust and has been successfully applied for the detection of the mecA gene in a real food sample with satisfactory results. Owing to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and ultrasensitivity, our proposed sensing strategy provides a promising platform for the detection of other genes by substituting the target-recognition element.
关键词：
Saponins;Biosurfactants;Environment protection;Mechanism;Hydrophobic organic compounds;Heavy metal
摘要：
In recent years, more and more studies have devoted to investigate the application of biosurfactants to enhance the removal of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) and heavy metals from contaminated soils and water. Saponins are non-ionic surfactants derived from plants, which have special molecular structure with hydrophilic glycoside backbone and lipophilic triterpene derivative. This review introduced the source and properties of saponins, and discussed the environmental application of saponins in the remediation of organic and inorganic contaminants, especially in remediation of the hydrophobic organic compounds pollutants and heavy metals in soils or water. These advantages indicate the good prospect of applying saponins in environment remediation. Moreover, further research on full-scale pollutants remediation using saponins and potential areas for future application of saponins are also proposed.
摘要：
Leaves are the main organs in which photosynthates are produced. Leaf senescence facilitates the translocation of photosynthates and nutrients from source to sink, which is important for plant development and especially for crop yield. However, the molecular mechanism of leaf senescence is unknown. Here, we identified a mutant, yellow leaf and dwarf 1 (yld1), which exhibited decreased plant height and premature leaf senescence. Nitroblue tetrazolium and diamiobenzidine staining analyses revealed that the concentrations of reactive oxygen species were higher in yld1 leaves than in wild type leaves. The photosynthetic pigment contents were significantly decreased in yld1. The yld1 chloroplasts had collapsed and were filled with abnormal starch granules. Combining bulk segregant and MutMap gene mapping approaches, the mutation responsible for the yld1 phenotype was mapped to a 7.3 Mb centromeric region, and three non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms located in three novel genes were identified in this region. The expression patterns of the three candidate genes indicated that LOC_Os06g29380 had the most potential for functional verification. Plant hormone measurements showed that salicylic acid was highly accumulated in yld1 leaves when compared with wild type leaves, and yld1 was more sensitive to salicylic acid than wild type. This work lays the foundation for understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of leaf senescence, and may reveal new connections among the molecular pathways related to leaf senescence, starch metabolism and salicylic acid signaling.
关键词：
Polyphasic taxonomy;Roseovarius lacus sp. nov;Saline Lake
摘要：
Strain GSS12(T), a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, ovoid- to rod-shaped (0.5-0.7 x 0.9-3.0 A mu m) bacterium, was isolated from Yuncheng Saline Lake, China. Growth occurred with 0.5-16.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 4.5 %), at pH 5.0-10.0 (optimum pH 6.0-6.5) and at 10-50 A degrees C (optimum 37 A degrees C). The major fatty acids (> 5.0 %) found in GSS12(T) were summed feature 8 (72.2 %), C-16:0 (9.0 %) and C-18:1 omega 7c 11-methyl (6.4 %). The DNA G+C content was 62.7 mol%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GSS12(T) forms a stable clade with species of the genus Roseovarius, being related to R. pacificus 81-2(T) and R. litoreus GSW-M15(T) with 97.9 and 96.7 % of sequence similarity, respectively. The DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain GSS12(T) and R. pacificus 81-2(T) and R. halotolerans HJ50(T) were low (36 and 29 %, respectively). The phenotypic, physiological, biochemical and genetic characteristics support the assignment of strain GSS12(T) to the genus Roseovarius and represent a novel species. The name Roseovarius lacus sp. nov. is proposed, with strain GSS12(T) (=KCTC 52185(T) =MCCC 1K02302(T)) as the type strain.
